University of South Carolina Libraries
THREE DOLLARS A YEAR,] FOR THE DISSEMINATION OF USEFUL INTELLIENCE. [INVARIABLY N ADVANCE VOL. III. WEDNESDAY MORNING, JUNE 5, 1867. NO.23. THE HERALD IS PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY MORNING, At Newberry C. H., By THOS. F. & R. H. GRENEXEB, TIERMS, 8 PER ANNUM, IN CURRENCY OR PROVISIONS. Payment required invariably in advance. Marriage notices, Funeral Invitationa, Obitu aries, and Communications subserving private interests, are charged as advertisements. REMOVAL A.. WICKER'S Confectionary and Grocery STORE. I take pleasure in calling the attention of my friends and customers to the fact that I have removed into my NEW BRICK BUILDING on the corner in front of my old store, and have fitted it up in an ele:ant manner andn have now on hand the comnpletest and Best Stock of Fancy C'oniicetionary and Goods generally to befo?!:d Anywhere. The attention of little folks as well as big ones s called to my beautiful assortment. Hoping to receive a continuation of the very liberal patronage heretofore extentded, I return grateful thanks for p7t indnes. March 20 12 tf. A. M. W'ICKERi. WM. F. NANCE. Cotton ikh, Balking and COMMISSION AGENT, Newberry, S. C., OFFICE IN REAR OF GRIERSON'S DRUG STORE. Advances on Cotton to relian> hoIUses in Charleston, S. C., New York and Liverpool. Exchange on Charieston and New York in su is . wan te. Jan. 23-4-tf. Wm. H. WEB, Of Newberry C. H., So. Ca WITII ZINN, IRR1LI & (0., Staple and Fancy DRY QODDS, Nos. 80 and 82 Leonard-st. (West of Broadway,) New York. The subscriber would state that his con nection with the above house enables him to sell his goods at a considerable reduction below present market prices. January 9 WM. Hi. \X. WANTED. For ENGLI ACCOUNT EXCLUIVELY W OO L, Or Unshorn Sheep SkinsG Market prices paid in c'ish-, or Cloth ex changed. WM. F. NANCE. Office in rear Grierson's Drug Store, New berry, S. C dec 12 6Cn J. 3. STENHOUsE. A LLAN MACAULY. STENHOUSE & MACAULY. Commission Merchants, For the esle of Cotton, Cotton Yarns. Sheet% jngs, N'avaI Stores, etc., and for the purchase of Sierchandise generally, 66 Pearl Street, New York, 1 86t6. Consigbnents tous from any point in the South ully protected by Insurance as soon as su.pped. aug ly S. R. CHAPMAN, ATTORXEY AT LAW, 5 NEWBERR?Y C.H., S. C. Will attend to business entrusted to his care. a7/Odice at Bookstore. Feb. G New Books. Bullion's Greek Grammar. " "Greek Reader. " " Latin Gr+mimar. " " Latin Reader. Xenophon's Anabasis. Anthon's Homer. " " Horace. Wilson's Readers-1st, 2d, 3d, 4th, & otb. Southern Readers and Spellers. Historys, by various authors. Richardson's Masonry for the -craft, arnd many other books, kept constantly for sale, for Cash by DUFFIE & CH APMAN, April 24 17 tt. Main street, Newberry. * LEWIS BUTLER, FASHIIONABLE BARBER andi HAIR DRESSER, RESPECTFULLY announces to the gen tlemen of Newberry, that hec has opened at the old shop, opposite the Court House, and next to Messrs. I. M. Suber & Co., where he will be happy to wait up-mn all in the exercise of his profe as mt. His object is to please the most fastidious taste, and the keeping of his shop shall be af ter the most unexceptionable style. Shaving, Trimming, Shampooing, and nair-yng cxecu:dt i.the most ap>nrovedi [From the Phcnix.j ENOREE PLANTATION, NEWBERRY DISTRICT, S. C., 2D MILITARY Dis., May 18, '67. MESSRS. EDITORS : I saw in your paper, of the 14th instant, a communication over the signature of "Many of your Constituents," in which my views of our present political situation are requested. I respectfully ask a limited space in your columns through which to reply. In order that we may have a clear and correct concep tion and understanding of what should be the ac tion of the people of South Carolina with regard to the bills recently enacted by the Congress of the United States for the reconstruction and re-organi zation of our State Government, it is absolutely and indispensably necessary that we should have a clear, full and thorough knowl edge of the principles of that great system of Government un der which we live and the posi tion which w. at present occupy. Upon an analysis, either analy Lical or synthetical, the conclusion is irresistible, that ours is a great federal republic, and not a great. grand. con trolling national govern ment. It is complex in its sys tem. being compounded of the separate Governments of the seve ral States which compose the Un ion and the ieneral Government of the Union. called the Govern ment of the United States. That the thirteen ori,-inal States that toinled. org0an ized and proiected the General Government of the Union were colonies of Great Britain. each with its own charter and Govcrnment. and connected in Io\VIsc with each other, except as dependencies of a comunon em pr. is an incontestible iact. That these identical colonies (lid, in 1776, declare and promul ate the declaration that they are. and of right ought to be, free, sovereign and independent States" and to establish this dec laration as a thet, each one acting voluntarily and for itself, entered into and adopted "articles of con federation and perpetual union,'' aud that they, after a heroic strug gle of seven years' duration, were separately acknowledged by Great Britain to be -free. sovereign and independent States," is equally in contestible. . These colonies having been sep arately acknowiledged by Great Britain to be "free, sovereign and independent States," t he articles of confederation and perpetual union which had been entered into and adopted by them had fulfilled their main purpose. and being unsuited to the then existing condition of things andl the reg.uirements of the times, the problem for solu tion with the statesmen of that day was what kind of' Gov-ern mont to form. Shall there be one or several federal republies, or one great, grand, controlling national governmnent ? This was the prob 1m for solution. Having ju~st emerged from a long and exhaus ting~ war, andl external pressure being great, and fearing possibly a. renewal of the contest at an car lv day, it was decided simply to ake"more l3erfect" that union which had bor-ne them so triumph antlv througn the late struggle. TIhat the thirteen colonies had each its own charter and Govern meit, and was connected in no wise with each other, except as dependencies of a common empire, before they entered into and adop ted articles of confederation and perpetual union, and that in the adoption of these articles, each one acted voluntarily and for it self, cannot be dlisputed. That these identical thirteen colonies, after they had been sep arately acknowledged by Great Britain to be "free, sovereign and independent States." had each its own State Government founded, organized andl projected by the adoption and ratification of a writ ten constitution, the people of each State acting separately and for themselves, befor'e they foun del, organized and projected the General Government of the Un ion, by the adoptio.n and ratifica tion of a written instruinent called the Constitution of th*e United States the people of each State, acin voluntarily and for them selves in their independent, sover eign character, is equally indispu table. The General Government of the Union, then, having been founded, organized and projected by States, the people of each State ating voluntarily and for them selves, in their independent, sover eign character, and not by the col Icted body of the people aggrega ted in an entirety, is a govern and not the government of a sin gie nation or of individuals aggre i gated in an entirety. Being a government of States, politically united by voluntary common con sent, and not the government ofi a single nation or of individuals aggregated in an entirety, it is a federal and not a national govern ment. Being a federal and not a national government, sovereignty resides in the people of the several States and not in the people of all 'the States aggregated individually in an entirety. It is republican. as the willof the people is expressed and known by and through repre sentatives eleetc by themselves. and to whom they ^re responsible for their action. Hence ours is a great federal republic, and not a grer grand, controlling national government. This being the the orv of the Government which we have ever upheld and maintained. and the General Government of the Union having been founded, orgianized and projected for the attainment of a specific end, as set forth in the preamble to the Constitution, an( South Caro lina believing. in 1860. that the great end and aim for which the General Government of the Union had been founded had failed, inter posed her sovereignty, and by an ordinance of secession. withdrew from the Federal Union. After her withdrawal. the Constitution and Government of the United States was no more to her than they were to England or .France. She, together with the other States that thought and acted as she had, adopted a new constitu tion and raii up a new flag. and put forth all of their energies 'and resources in a bloody war of four years' duration for the establish inent of a new union and a new j Government. When the armies they had put in. the field were sur rendered, the union and govern ment thev had attempted to esta blish was abandoned, and general disintegration ensued. At the sir render the generalz in the field sur rendered no principle, for no prin ciple had been put in their hands; they surrendered their armies and munitions of war alone-themeans put in their hands for the accom prishment of an end. South Car olina, however, by the interposi tion of her sovereignty and her withdrawal froln the Federal Un iOn, imperilled her political exis tence, and having been vanquished upon the field of battle, lost it, and is now a conquered province of' the United States. The bills recently enacted by the Congress of the United States for the reconstruction and re-or (anization of our State Govern ment, by r'educing South Carolina to the position of a c'onq(uerefd province~ fully justifies the theory of the Government which we have ever upheld and mtuntained, to wit :That sovereignty resides in the people of' the several States. andl not in the people of all the States aggregated individually in an entirety. A sover'eig'n State in the Union cannot be reduced to the position of a -conquered -pro vince and be in the Union. South Carolina, a sovere ign State, is re duced to the position of a con quered province. She cannot. therefore, be in. that Union. A sovereign State in the Union can not get out of it except by her own voluntary exercise of sover eignty. South Carolina was a sovereign State in the Unioil. and is now out of it. She, there fore, got out of it only by her own voluntary exercise of sovereignty. For a State to exercise sovereign tv, sovereignty must reside in her. South Carolina in getting out of the Union. exercised sovereignty ; therefore sovereig~nty must reside in her. Wherever sovereignty re sides there alone the alegianhce of the eitiens is due. Sovereignty residedl in South Carolina ; *here, fore the allegiance of her citizens was due alone to her. The con lusion is irresistible that the bills recently enacted by the Congress of the United States for the recon struction and re-organization of~ our State Government by reducing South Carolina to the position of'a conquered province, ex:punge from he statute books of our country andl the history of our times every trace of' a charge of treason and erjury against the heroic and gallant (lead and living who fought for the 'ndependenceeof their State and self-government; and it should be a source of sincere congratula tion among the friends of civil freedom and constitutional liberty that the Government, by the re lease from prison of Mr. Davis, has shown a will to *earry them to their legitimate conclusion, and snet let the escutcheer of thi great republic go down to posteri ty stained with the charge that she denied a trial and kept in prison, until he languished and died a noble old citizen, because he obeyed the laws of his State and imperilled his life and fortune for her independence and self-gov ernment. The first one of the bills begins by affirming that "no legal State Government exists in South Caro lina ;" that is to say, South Caro lina politically is dead, but geo graphically she still lives-the word State being two-fold in its signification. The bills then give in detail the inodhus operandi by which political life may be infused into her inanimate form, ar.d she may e raised to her former posi tiol of al ilIdependenit sovereign State in the galaxy of States that compose the Unioi. Whether or not all the provisions of the bills are as wise and just as a brave and gallant people might have expect ed from a magniaiin3inous foe and an1 enlightened statesmanship, is not for us to pause and discuss. but for history to tell, and upon which a coinHg g'enerationi will pass sentence. for it is not alone upon us that they are to make their impress, but upon genera tionls yet unborn. To accept the bills is an impossibility, for to ac cept implies the right to reject, and as a vanquished p2ople. held down at the p)int of the b11 y onet an(l the edge of the sword. we have no right or power to reject therefore we cannoit accep)t. T'he only thing left us is to bow courte )uly to Iate-to submit to and rarry out the terms strictly and to the letter. .J ;ust as certain1 as sovereignty e.sides in the people of the several States, and South Carolina, by the interposition of her soveliignty. withdrew from the Federal Union, iust so certl'in o(+ the States that remained in the Un-ion constitute the Unio.n. and the Government is.' theirs. and they have a right to im pose upon those that withdrew terms of re-admission. Had the States that seceded and withdrew from the Fedleral Union succeeded in establishing the new union and goverlnment for which they fought, they would have. been known tunong the powers of the earth as the Confederate States, and the States that remained in the Union would have constituted the Un ion, and they would have been known as the United States. "The rati iation of' the conventions of nine States shall be sufficienit for the establishment of' this Constitution between the States so ratifying the same." (Art. II. Con. U. S.) The ac't of ratifyving. then. created the Union. and( theC people several l of nine States was sufficient to do it. There was origimiJy thir teen indepen'den't sovereign States, and as the Constitution dleclares that the ratification of' the conven-. tions of nine on!v of themn.was suf ficient to establish it between the States r'atifVinig. if the~conventions o only nine of' t he States hadl rati-I fied it., it would have been the C on sititutioni between t he States rati ring. and1( the Union would have een 'ereated1. The other four" States. if they desired, could have formed a dlieent government 01 overnments. as each one acted voluntarily and for itself. in its in dependent sovereig&n character. Whatever is sufficient to create is suffilent to preserve. Nine States alone was sufficient to create the Union. Nine States alone, there fore, is sufficient to preserve it, and it can never be dissolved ex ept by the voluntary secession ad with(lrawal, in their indepen lent. sovereign character, of' a suf ficient number of States, and the establishment of' the position thiey assume, so as to reduce. tlm number of States the~ remain in the UTnion below nine-the mini mum number sufficient to cr eate and preser've the Union. The pen alty of the interposition of Stat soveeignty aind'withdirawal from the Federal Union. and the failure to establish thle position asumedl, is to beC crushed politically, and re moulde'd and. re-admitted into the Union upon the teirms of' those State's that remain in and consti ute the Union. This is the or deal through which we are now passing. Ju.K as certain as ours is a Federal and not a National Government-th at sovereignty re sides in the peopleC of the several States, and not in the people of' all the States aggregated individ ally in an entinrety, and that South Carolina, by her ordinance of secession, withdrew from the Federal Union, just so certain was ours a war for independence and~ self governm2ent, and not an insur r-tin or re.hdemri aeatn=t lawful authority. Ours being a Government in which the will of the people can be known through their represen tatives alone, just after the surren der, when the President imposed certain terms, we, supposing them to be the final will and determina tion of those against whom we fought, as he was their represen tative and not ours, having been elected to his high position by their suffrages and not by ours, carried them out in good fait.h and to the letter. In this we have been misled and disappointed. The terms that come to us now, however, come from the people of the several States that constitute the Union 'through their immedi te representativcs, and there can be no mistake. Let us tal.e theml in good faith as their final will and Jetermination. and let us carry them out strictly and to the letter. Let us not stand and gaze listless iN at the wreeks and ruins by hieh we are surrounded. but let ach and all go to work manfully lnd courageously, and build up the broken and shattered fortunes of Jur country. and if possible, make Carolina more resplendent in the uture than she ever was in the past. Away with all feuds. and biekerings among our people. Let ver one who is allowed to vote register his name, and when the tie - comes. let him vote. Let iech and all Aho are denied a vote Litet heirinfluence with those who re allowed to vote, and put in of (ice the best men we can get. and iet us establish the best Govern nent possible, for it will be the Gov rnment under which we will have to l-ive. Let us act so as to amelio rate, as much as possible, the con Jition of both races and all classes in the community, and. if possible, avance the civilization of our age. hould the clock of time be rolled back, let not the future historian lay it at our door, and record that we did it. Should the opposite :ounsel prevail, and wild commo tion be added to our already dis >rdered State. anarchy may ensue. hould this awful and dire 0alan tv be in store for us and befall our untry, nothing, no, nothing. oould be more fatal to civil freedom ind constitutional liberty. The overnment of the United States .s now our Government. We have o other. The United States flag s now our flag. We have no >ther. Let us maintain and sup ort the one and assist in bearing loft the othe'r, until the reveille irums of -the principles of this reat republic are heard by a pros )erous and happy people in every art of this beautifuil earth which e inhabit, and her high mission ipon this eairth is accomplished, r she is the highest type and ost perfect system of~ govern mt ever 'devised by human ge ius andl intellect. While I would oause for~ a moment and drop) tears pn the graves of the heroie and gallant dead who fought, and fell, and bled, and died upon the ensan uinedl plain of their country. hose noble'sacrifices will dlescend o the last syllable of recorded m~e. a-nd be sung around the )raveS of the last generation of nan, whose hallowed spirits have scended to high Heaven. where, ith widle open gates, their nmuily o'uls have been received. and they now hold "sweet converse"' with agels around the throne of the Eternal. vet 1 would shake off the babilimenuts of the past, and move >ut into the future with a firm andl steadly tread, for it is for the living that wve are to legislate. and not for the dead. Trusting that the mnagnit.ugorf the subject will ber garded as a sufiliient excuse for the length of this letter, I have the honor to be, vr respectfuilly, your obedient srvant, ELLISON S. KEITT. IETsTRAT!oN 1N Tis STATE. ,Juneo Aldrich. in a letter to the JlJcnry. urges that every man in the State whio can register his name should (do so. HIe says: "There are other matters to be passed upon by the country. under the military bill. besides who shall be members of the convention. The constitution to be framed by that convention is to be submit ted to the people for their approval, and unless the privilege of votimg is secured by the registration, the power of the country may be seizeui by designing and unscrupulous men. My counsel. therefore, is, that it will be a fatal blunder not to secure this high privilege. If a man registers, he is not obliged to vote ; if he fails to do so. he will not be permitted to exercise this great franchise. The cattle nlua ha~ mgiTr broken Out A Word to Farmers. The Milledgeville (Ga.) Recorder has the following sensible remarks: As it is our privilege to .4vise, we must have a word or two with our planting friends. We recog nize in them the wealth of the State. the financial power and prosperity of the State; and such being the fact, it behooves us, in a modest sort of a way, to have aI word with them about their busi ness. their interests, and the gene ral prosperity of the country. True wealth is not in what tre make, but what we save ; like reading, not in what we have read, but what we remember; not in what we eat, but in what we digest. So with the prosperity of any people ; it is the internal ealth, or domestic wealth, that is felt through 'every fibre andJ nerve of our social system. A community of interests is true econlly and 1)rosperity. As it is to-day. what do we see ? What money our planting friends got for their cotton is fast leaving the State fur corn and bacon; our wUaith is but transitory-but bor rowed-if we may so express our selves for the North-west sa' it is theirs; and sure enough, they get it by sending us corn and bacon. that we must have, when we could have raised it. had we studied political econory as we should have done. What we have to say to our planting friends is this: Plant enougrh corn for your o1 use, by all means- Better plant. enough to sell a few bushels to vour citv, town and village neighbors, who make their living h their professions, -trades, &. Make as much cottou as you plea!c. for cotton is sure money at al titnes, but do not forget the corn field, peas, potatoes, -and ebpecially your hogs. If you do not or can not sell provisions. do not come into the market to buy, and there by enhance the price of such arti cles, to the hurt of those who live not by farming. But where you can sell, you do good in two ways. First. your farming is an advan tage to your neighbor and .State. Secondly, you put in your pocket money that would have gone out of the State, if.you had not have had what was wanted. You are thus enabled to improve your lands. or to invest money in stocks, if desirable. We must live within durselves, help each other, keep our money ciculating at home among our selves ; buil up our homes and towns ; invest in home stocks or railroads. Such can be and ought ta be done, if you will only be something more than mere cotton planter's. But when the country is deplet'd otf its wealth for the necesaries of' life~, that coul'd have been had at home. it is premiedi tated murdr of our own financial h appineCS -andi prospe2rit y. Let this year proclaim the fact that all of our plhnting friends have provisions to sell, and that eotton must play second fiddle to the corn-crib and hog-pen, When such is the case, the day of our prosperity as a people is dawning. and, if continued in, we will sooni sand in the sun-light of unembar rassed and true wealth. Cotton is ai good~ thing in its place, but not when cultivated at the expense of. 'll our provisions-remember that tuth. and act accordingly. Caor PaOSPECT's BEYOND THlE BrxE RIDGE.-The Greenville En teprise says : I Last week foumchs on the other side of tbysHie mountains. Our Lvutm from Gregnville was through Pickens. by Eastatoe and Jac'ossee Valler. All1 the w ay from Green vle to the foot of the mountam, ther e ppears to be very little (ifference in the forwarduess of vegetation,~ or in farming opera tions. Everywhere the farmers seem active and industrious. Fen ces have been repaired, ground broken up. and corn plantedl. W e were beyond the cottDn growing region. ~None is ra!sedl for market in the upper part of Pickens. Everywhere the wheat pros pet is,~thus far, unusually good, both on this and the other side of' the mountains, and as far as we could l:ear in Tennessee. We were in aL county of North Caroli na, adjoining that State. Corn and provisions are plenty in the upper part of Pickens, and still more so beyond the mounta.nS. At Webster, the county seat o1' Jackson county, corn sells735eents per bushel. We heard some per son say that there were neighbor hoods in the county where corrn was worth only 50 cents. O'Brien, the Fenian, sentenced to death a s. encmmut.d to imprisonme,t for Sad Death of two Children. The Austin (Texas) Gazettegives the following account of the death of two children who had become lost in the woods. They were twins-a brother and -sister-four years old, named Dunbar, residing in Limestone county: The day was mild and pleasant, and they had been playing between the house and the spring, not far distant, where their mother was engaged in some household dnty. How the little innocents were tempted into the forests depths - is not known, but darkness cme on, and the children were missed and did not return. The country is sparsely settled and no neighbors could be called on to assist in the search until morning. Then the alarm was (riven, and numbers joined in the vain effort to find some trace- of the lost ones. This was continued until the evening of the third day (the searchers then numberinZ nearly one hundred) when they were discovered in a thicket, about two miles distant from the house. lying side by side, dead. They were the nephew and niece of Capt. Cane, of Dallas, the Governor's private secretary, and he has read us a portion of the let ter from his sister, the unfortunate mother. which has sensibly affected us, and from which we have gather ed some of the additional details of this melanelly affair, given above. She mentions another fact, which, simple as it is. touched our heart to the core. The shoes and stockings of the little darlings had been taken off and were found near the?n.-Tie explanation of this to our mind is plain. When night came on there was a sudden change in the weather peculiar to this regiom, called a wet norther. The effect of the cold on the human system is well known. The 'chil dren became more drowsy as the piercing wind chilled through their tevder bodies, until they could re sist the influence no longer, and tien, in a half unconscious statei thinking they were at home, they pulled off their shoes and stockings,, and, as it seemed to them, went to bed. And so, locked in eaeh other's arms, they fell asleep to awake in Heaven. PROTESTANT DEFENCE .OF THE" CATnoIC DE OMNATION.-We copy the following able and well deserved defence, not of the Cath olic creed, but' of the denomina tion, from the April number of '-The Land We Love": ~A late number of Harper'sMag azine contains a caricature of the Pope, representing him as an old woman in petticoats, with many ridiculo-us surroundings. Now we are by birth, education and con vietion as strongly Protestant as any one on this continent. -But for the hon.or of human nature, we must hope that there are few of our faith who have the bad taste, not to say the bad heart, to enjoy a -burlesque of an old man in his hour of sorrow. We of the South cannot but think th~at he is thus held ui to ridicule because he was the Only Sovereign in Europe who symnpathized with our people. We cannot but ask. too. why these seurrilous prints were not issued during the war. Was it -for fear' of dlisaffeting those gallant Irish! soldiers. who'led the attack and covered1 the retreat ? When the Convent in Columbia. South Caro lina, was to be burned, the Irish troops were left outside the city. When their services are no longer' needed. the. Head of their Chureh is mioc-ked. There are some other facts which we remember, not as South erners, but as Americans. The first expression of sympathy with our struggling forefathers came from Catholic Ireland. The sign er of the Declaration of Indepen dence who had most at stake was the wealthy Charles Carroll, a Catholic. But for the assistance' rendered by Catholic France and Catholic Spain, we would never have succeeded in our revo ltionary struggle.-La Fayette, the friend of Washington, was a Catholic. To the same Church belonged De Kalb (who fell at Camden, South Carolina), Koscius ko. Pulaski, (who fell at Savan nah, Georgia), Chastellux, and scores of others. A large num b)er of the confidental friends of Washington were Catholics, and we have no desire to set up a claim to~a higher or purer Pro testanism than that of the Father of his Country. There have been no purer jurists than Taney of' Maryland, and our own Gaston of North Carolina, both of whom wsr& h aia~'