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?t- f .1 * ? " VOL. XXV. LEXINGTON, S. C., WEDNESHVY, NOVEMBER 28, 1894. NO. 2. THE PRESIDENTS REPORT. c MANY FACTS ABOUT AFFAIRS AT i CLEMSON COLLEGE- J i President Craighead's Intelligent and VhI- ], w?ble Report?A Hlrd's Eye View of the ] t "Work at ** the Rest Agricultural College in the South. } (3 Columbia. S. C., Nov. 21.?Presi- r dent Craighead, of Clenison College, c in his annual report savs that 635 stu- t dents have been enrolled during the past year and they are about equally v divided between the two leading de- l partments of Agriculture and Me- p chanic Arts. President Craighead o Covers fully the work in the college n * and on the grounds. The newspapers h ?have already covered at different n 4iO /IAQ] tirViof ic OATifnitl- ? LUijCd ^ir-at ui ?? u?v io v/v/i**.* v -?- ~ eH in the report, but the following1 are d parts which will be of interest: s "At the beginning of the session the r Board authorized the President to take p steps to fatten and slaughter beef for e the mess hall, instead of purchasing it I by contract as in the previous year. a Accordingly a slaughter-house was t built about a mile to the rear of the s dormitory and pens made for both ? hogs and cattle. By this arrangement nearly ?1.000 dollars has been saved p the college, as the actual cost of beef s has ceen but 4 1-4 cents per pound net, o against 5.7 cents of last year, and as ], nearly 100 hogs have been fattened ft with slops from the kitchen. t "The Horticultural Department, im- o der the efficient management of vour n painstaking horticulturist Mr. J. 3?. C. n DuPre, has made unmistakable prog- r ress. He has kept the mess hall sup- y plied with choice vegetables, and has, 1 in addition to this put up for the use t of the students during the winter d 7,000 three-pound cans of tomatoes, y okra, corn and beans. The canning c factory, more fully equipped at a cost t' of $150, has proved to be a profitable Q investment, as well as a valuable ob- o ject lesson for the horticultural stu- t] dents, who do most of the canning. a "During the year a house for stor- ?i ing winter vegetables has been built 1< on the horticultural grounds, the ]< green house improved and enlarged, Q and the valuable collection of flowers p belonging to Mr. DuPre purchased for f< the college. The gardens have been p indeed a laboratory for the large num- j] ber of students "who have worked with tl Mr. DuPre. , For a full account of the p work done in this department and of y its needs for the coming year, you are Q referred to the excellent* report made "by^tSehoKiQulturist.'' President Craighead says electric lights have been put in the laundry, I1 station building, hospital, mechanical 11 hall and in most of the professors' ^ nouses witnout cost to me college. Professor Craighead recommends a , that German and French bfc made optional in the junior and senior year, " and says that "no man can keep e< abreast of the progress in agriculiure, t<; physics, electricity,- or, in fact, in any 11 department of science, who is unable 11 to read German and French periodicL als. Without a knowledge of French i~ German, those of our students 9" Vho wish to become professors of ag riculture, experiment station workers, editors of. agricultural papers, will p find their equipment incomplete. * "To prevent too much crowding in . the senior year, where some freedom 01 .e . -j? .i I u T ii.:?i. T._ 11" oi cnoice oi sxuuies snouia, x uiikk, uc ? granted, the services of another in- l>< structor will be needed. He should teach either phvsioligy and veterinary surgery, mineralogy and geology, or ^ some other branch included in the . curriculum for which 110 instructor h has been employed." te About $900 has been spent on a li- a. W brary and it is kept open four hours v under care of a cadet librarian. Pres- s [ ident Craighead says that at least tl $5,000. more is needed for books. a< There is also a reaeing room, supplied p 1 with leading periodicals and daily a newspapers. c< STUDENT LABOR. r An important problem is that of student labor, Discussing it Presi- f< dent Craighead savs: y The student labor problem is, I ii think, gradually solving itself. The professors in the Academic depart- 1< ment have cheerfully consented, b whenever called upon to superintend t< squads. As will be remembered, the l> management and direction of student labor was left largely in the hands of li the president. Subsequent exprience will no doubt modify and perfect our a p,an, but I am more firmly convinced f< as the way opens up, that all students ti should be required to perform a cer- f< tain amount of purely educational labor for which they should receive 110 n pay whatever. Practical work in the d chemicah phvsical. botantcal. biolog- h t "? < * 1 1 1 _ 1 _ X 7 ical ana entomological iaooraiones is u k educational labor, required of all stu- tl * '.ents taking these courses, and should e 'Evidently receive no compensation tl vhatever. In like manner, students t< taking courses in agriculture and horticulture should be required to do a a certain amount of work, such as pro- v fessors may deem necessary to a com- p pletion of their courses 011 the farm v and gardens, nature's own laborato- n I . ries. So also should mechanical stu- b 1 dents be required to do a certain ? B amount of purely educational work in n the foundry, the wood shops, and the h machine shops, for which it would be v folly to expect any remuneration. It v ?--- is clear also that mathematical stu- v K dents should be required to do much s practical work in surveying, leveling c and the like. All work of this kind a is not only practical, but educational n in the highest sense. To abandon Eg this in our scheme of studies is to turn B out theorists and day-dreamers, whose c heads are crammed with useless stuff which their hands can never turn to r practical use. A certain amount then h of real practical labor, such as the n board and professors in charge consid- p er necessary, should, I think, be ex- a acted of all our students, and for v which they should receive no money, si Here compulsory labor should end. ^ In addition to tkis, there will always v l>e an indefinite amount of really pro- t< ductive labor, not necessarily educational. which students who need the o money can and should do. In no v other possible way can a liberal and p practical education be put within the n reach of the masses. I have received p during the year hundreds of letters u from parents writing me that but for p our laoor feature they would be compelled, because of the pressure in I money matters, to withdraw theirsons. p It is safe to say that only by making a izvc? 11ar?a *i ff't f\r> T ( P'pVlllUUJUO} u?v>u<.u alive labor have at least oneur students been able to con-113 :olieffe. To undertake to fur- t] to ail young men seeking it a education as is offered here n Die State a^d send 'si *ut a horde of young men taught to ely upon the bountv and generosity >f the common wealth. Against the nsidious approach of this form of paernalism, which Strikes at tlie very oundation of strong, sturdy, manly ndependence, our college is pledgee!, >y the very charter of its existence, to terpetual warfare. It is the duty of he State to'put the op]x>rtunities of m education within the.reach of all icr children. It is the duty of the in-lividual, in obedience to God Alnighty's first great law, to seize those opportunities by hard, unremitting oil. After studying the question in all its ohases, I would recommend to the >oard that all agricultural students be ermitted to work forty hours, and ally forty hours, per month, at not uore than 8 cents an hour for good, Lonest labor. Exceptions should l>e nade in cases where the nature of the fork, such as milking, may require eviation from this rule, but for all uch additional labor I would recomnend that only 4 cents per hour be aid. At the Mississippi College, mehanical students are not paid at. all. lere I recommend that they be paid ccordmg to the monetary value of heir work. We have paid out for tudents laboring the last seven months 7,403.04. I have dwelt at length upon the iroblem of student labor, for upon its uccessful solution depends the weal rlwoe of Clemson College. Labor, abor of the hand as well as of the tead, labor in the shops,as well as in he fields, is expected and demanded f all who enter here. The dignity of nanual labor is the foundation stone ipon which our educational edifice is ' aised, and must be maintained or the rhole structure tumbles to the ground. V> put young men in the waj'of mainlining themselves in honest indepen"? j "i - J ence, to senci out reai providers, men /ho earn the bread they eat and the lothing where-with they are clothed, liis is the mission of our State College. )urs is the duty of teaching the youth f South Carolina the quaint old truth hat for those who do not work there re three other things to do; to beg. to teal, to starve. Of the youths who iave these halls let it be asked in the mguage of Ruskin: ''Can they plow? 'an they plant at the right time, or uild with a steady hand? Is the ef?rt of their lives to be chaste, knightv, faithful, holy in thought, lovely 1 word and deed 1 trust that in :ie coming years we may lie able to re1 v: "Indeed it is with some, nay, nth many, and the strength of South Carolina is in them." QUESTION OF EXPENSES. The experience of the past year leads s to believe that expenses may, durlg the coming year, be considerably educed, and, while the probabilities re that we shall have more students pplyingfor entrance than we can acimmodate, I think it but' -justice to le classes for whom, the scn'ool was stablished that expenses be reduced ) the minimum. I therefore recom"? * i i- ii . .r- n ; leua ior aaopuon me sumtary of expenses for the school year: First term, two and one-half months: wo uniforms $28.40; board $15; mediil fee $1.25; washing$1.25 incidental >e 50c; total $46.40. For each term following the first: oard$15; washing $1.25; medical fee 1.25: incidental fee 50c.; total $18. Hence, expenses for ten months, inudin^ hoard, washing, fuel, lights, tedical attendance and uniforms, will e $100.40. A poor boy may by work, cut down lis amount to about $70. AGRICULTURAL WORK. Professor W. L. McGee, associate istructor of agriculture and superinmdent of farm, reports that the acre!je of crops grown on the farm this ear will aggregate about as follows: ixty acres in oats: 180 acres in corn; lirty-five acres in corn for silage; ton cres in sweet potatoes: tifteen acres in eas: eight acres in sorghum forsilage nd soiling purposes; eight acres in >tton for experiments; five acres in re: five acres in Bermuda sod. The oat land was* all planted to peas >r hay or to corn for silage. The corn as all sown in peas at the last plowig. The crops harvested so far are as fol>ws: One thousand and two hundred ushels of oats: thirty tons of hay; 350 >ns silage: 125 bushels peas, 5,000 ushels corn; 6,700 pounds of fodder. Cotton and sweet potatoes not yet arvested. The expenditures of the department re as follows: For fertilizers $621.18: >r seeds $248.56: for tools, reparis, lling. etc. $331.75; for wages?farm >reman $263.75: for labor $1,507.51. The energies of the farm for the ext few years must or necessity oe evoted to a building up of the farmlg lands, terracing and ditching the plands, and ditching and draining le bottoms. This cannot l>e neglectd. for it is most profitable to cultivate iiose lands which have been improved :> the highest degree. Student labor has been utilized as far s possible at milking, attending cattle rork 011 barns, work on campus, imrovement of grounds, etc. Their rork on the farm has been devoted allost entirely to hand labor, as the mited time which they work, on acount of recitations and other duties, lakes it impracticable to have them andle teams and machinery. Such rork is performed by students only rhen it is necessary in an educational ray. Student labor, pecuniarily conidered, unprofitable, but from an eduational point of view, and as anassistnce to deserving boys of limited leans, it is invaluable. THE MECHANIC ARTS. S. Tompkins, professor of mechanial engineering', says: "I would recommend that agricultual students take shop work eight ours per week throughout the Fresh-. ian year, instead of taking two hours er week throughout the four years, nd that this work be devoted to wood rork two-thirds of the time, and blackmitli work one-third of the time. Vith a freshman class of say 200 this rould give the equivalent o? 133 men ) wood work for the entire session. "One instructor cannot well handle ver twenty men in a class. This rould make six or seven classes, each rorking eight hours per week, maklg a total of at least forty-eight hours er week of instruction to be given. I 1 T i 1., "men i consider wuunv uuu ms owor of any one man to do properly. "If we adhered to the present plan, estimate that the number of hours er week will he practically the same s before, and still require two instructs.1' All the professors make reports of heir work and recommendations for he future of the college. The hospit1 physician, l>r. A. M. Hedfearn, also lakes a report. He says that 384 tudents were treated in the hospital j * r during thr year. Classified by diseases the cases -were: Typhoid lever, 10; continued fever, 16; bilious fever, 6S; malarial fever, 53; acute articular rheumatism, 14; pneumonia, 5; dysentery, 30; diarrhoea, 2C; mumphs: 4: tonsilitis, 20: pharyngitis, 8: orchitis, 1; bronchitis, 7; lympnanagitis, 2; enteritis, 8; cellulitis, 1; erysij>ela.s, 5; epididymitis, 1; abcess, S: cramp colic, 6; acute indigestion, 6; malarial hematuria, 1: suppression of urine, 3: muscular rheumatism. 4; asthma, 1; biliousness, 9; vertigo, 1; brachycordi, 1; laryngitis, 4; appendicitis, 2; chroniculcer 1; tortieallis, 1; double abcess of the middleear, 3; carbuncle, 2;hemorrhoids, 1; ?torrhoea, 6; minor surgical operations, 11; amputations, 1; fractures, 2: dislocation, 1; cholera morbus, 6; lumbago, 1: anemia, 4; purpura, 1; conjunctivitis, 1; neuralgia, i; sprains, 2: eczema, 2; making a total of 362. The twenty-two unclassified cases were treated during my abscence on acount of sickness. Besides T Vihto Inro-fv X XiOl * V W VWW\4 ? ? , number of throat, nose; and ear troubles among: the students. I have not tabulated these cases for the reasons that they were not hospital patients, and also because this is special work and not usually done by general practitioners of medicine. The cost of maintaining the hospital during the year was $2,114.19. TOBACCO AND SILK CULTURE. The Board of Control of the experimental station makes an interesting! report. Among other things it says: j "The question of tobacco curing was very fully discussed. Letters were j addressed last winter to a number of .the leading growers, intimating our willingness to render the industry any assistance suggested. The tenor of the replies received led us to forego anything in that line for the present. "Anticipating favorable action by Congress on the bill now pending locating a number of silk growing experimental stations, we have taken proper steps to present our claims and nave filed an application for the location of one of tnemat our college. "Data and* information as to sugar beets are being; gathered preparatory to thorough trials in different sections of the State, not only as to adaptability of soil and climate to yield per acre, but to their per cent, of saccharine matter." CHEESE MAKING. In Sepetember experiments in cheese making were begun at the college. From 4,155.25 pounds of milk, 476.25 pounds of green cheese were made, an average of 1,72 pounds of milk, about one gallon being required to make one .pound of cheese. In making some experiments are being carried on of which reports will be made later. An experiment is now under way to determine how one may make a few cheese for his own use without expensive apparatus. RODDEY'S PLAN ENDORSED. Bat Few DiMentlng Votes In the Cotton Convention. Atlanta. Ga., Nov. 21.?An important meeting of cotton growers representing several States occurred in Atlanta today. They were called here to consider a plan recently suggested by J. T. Rod U.t? V, it IXltlAlIl UIVJLCI l/A AT ^ >1 xvia, 1WI controlling the price of cotton. The meeting was presided over hv Hector D. Lane, Commissioner of Agriculture of Alabama, After some discussion, the plan as announced by Mr. Roddey was, 011 moton, recommended, Chairman Lane and one or two other dissenting. A committee was appointed consisting of J. Roddey, H. S. jLipscomb of South Carolina and J. E. biunnally of Georgia. to call county and State conventions for the election of delegates to the interestate convention to he held at a tira# and place agreed upon by the committee. Mr. Roddey's plan, as explained by him, is to form a combination of the cotton growers with a capital of $50,000,000 or $100,000,000. Each cotton prcxlucer is to contribute one bale out of every five made to the trust. Estimating the crop at 8,000,000 bales, this plan would stock the trust with 1,600,000 bales, the withdrawal of which from the market, it is urged, will appreciate the price 25 per cent, j One general office is proposed with branch offices and warehouses at all cotton receiving points. The gins in every- county are to be listed and, if possible, controlled so as to know the exact production and to regulate the supply of cotton. In regard to the management 01 the company, it is to have one general or head office, say in New York or NewOrleans, with two general directors from each cotton growing State; have one office in each State with one director from each county in that State and have sub-offices in all the principal cities and towns in the different States to control the local cotton, all to be controlled by the general or head office ; have either a special insurance company organized or the present companies brought to a low rate; let company wharehouse receipts be issued with insurance policies and if the farmer needs money, let the company advance him five-eights oiVwo-thiras of the value of his warehous^eceipts. Eighteen Entome^ Steubenville, 0.,Nov. 2(^- An explosion occurred at noon today in the Blanche Coal Works near Colliers, J West Va. Eighteen men were at work in the mine and it is not thought any of them escaped either death or injury. Seven dead bodies had been taken out up to 3:40 p. m. John Donnelly, of Steubenville. and a man named "VV'elch have been identified. Donnelly was blown out of the mine by the force of the explosion. This mine blew up several years ago, and a largo number were killed. The balance of the miners are believed to be suffocated to death. The coroner of Brooke county. West Virgina, went to the scene of the disaster this afternoon. Killed at a Crossing. OA A JfHILADEPHIA, i>OY. ?V.?>v avumbound accommodation train on the Chestnut Hill branch of the Philadelphia and Reading railroad, ran into a two-horse carriage containing John Horace Meacham, aged 70 years and his wife and Mrs. Harriet Smyth at 10:35 o'clock this morning at the East Washington Lane crossing in Germantown. Mr. Meacham was killed, as was also Patrick Lacy, aged 57 *ears, watchman at the crossing, who had seized the horses and endeavored to back them from the track. Mrs. Meacham received a fractured skull and died shortly afterward in Germantown. Hospital. Mrs. Smyth was slightly injured. Both horses were killed outright and the vehicle was smashed to pices. "Si \ > BB PRISONERS IN THE PEN. INTERESTING STATISTICS ON CRIME IN SOUTH CAROLINA. Annual Report of the Superintendent of the State Penitentiary?The General Condition of the Prison?Other Facts of Note. Columbia, S. C., Nov. 21.?1The annual report of the superintendent of the State penitentiary to the General Assembly, just issued, makes interesting reading. It presents an arrav XT facts bearing on crime in South Carolina which affords an interesting study. Superintendent Neal says: '"On the 31st of October, 1893, there were confined m the State penitentiary and convicts camp 1,033 prisoners. Received from county courts during the year, 660; recaptured, 36; total 1,73S. Lost by expiration of sentence, 535; by oardon, 50; by esca])e, 36; by death 51; killed attempting to escape, 1: killed accidentally, 2: transferred to the!asvlum," 1: total lost, 676; leav ingthis day in confinement, 1,062: making an increase of 29 over last year. "We have made during the year many improvements, having now a perfect system of water works and sewerage; no better to be found anywhere. "We had the misfortune to lose by fire the hosiery mill on the 25th of April, which had just been enlarged and improved at a cost of $4,000. I am "rlauto report that the "hosiery mill has been rebuilt double the size of the old one. and substantial and convenient, at a cost of $15,000. The improvements inside of the yard have been upwards of $30,000. Feeling the necessity of more land, to use the convalescing and cripple, and such labor as we could not hire out or send out on farms, we rented 175 . acres of land for three years near the yard. We planted 100 acres in cotton, 50 in corn and 25 in potatoes, &c., from which we have made at the low price of farm produce, about $4,000 worth, which was almost a clear profit. I am glad to report that the crops this year are all good,, with few exceptions, altogether a good average. At the best estimate which is possible for me to make at this date, I would say that we have on hand and to be gathered, 850 bales of cotton, 10,000 bushels of corn, 8,000 bushels of oats, 3,000 bushels of peas, 360 bushels of wheat, and at the low or present prices of farm products we will be able to pay the $7,000 now due on the DeSaussure farm, an ' all other outstanding in debtedness of the institution and to have or hand at least $10,000 in cash to begin the next year's operations. "We have purchased-during the year seven head of mules and horses and have now on hand sixteen head, all in good condition and most^ of them young and valuable. We will have 150 head of fine pork hogs to kill this winter, and also have on hand thirty head of milch cows. ''I would especially call your attention to the fact that this institution has been heavily drained during the past fiscal vear by Qlemson College j and the Girls' Industrial School at Rock Hill and the South Carolina lunatic asvlum, as follows: Clemson College, cash $1,937.03 Labor, clothing, etc 5,412.22 Girls' Industrial School, cash 1,372.80 Labor, clothing, etc 12,948.00 South Carolina lunatic asylum 1,17.050 Total .$22,850.33 ''So you will see that this institution has been taxed during the year by these institutions to the amount of $22,850,33 besides furnishing four or five convicts and one guard to the State house the entire year free of charge, as required by law. I would especially call your attention to the small death rate and list of escapes, both of which have been remarkably small this year; the recapture of prisoners for tlie rear has been equal to the escapes. 1 feel sure that under the lind water closet and sewerage system which we now have, our death rate will be much smaller in the future than in the past. In reference to the food, clothing and sanitary condition of the institution, I would refer you to the report of our efficient .physician, Dr. D. S. Pope. It gives me much pleasure to commend the faithful service of our chaplain, Rev. A. P. Norris, and for the spiritual condition of the prisoners would call your attention to his report. I would beg to thank the board of directors, officers and guards for their kind treatment, which I have at all times received at their hands; our relations and business transactions have been most pleasant during the entire year. For the business transactions of the office I would call your attention to the full and complete report of our competent clerk of board and bookkeeper, K. E. Burris." The report of the board of directors of the same institution shows that the actual and estimated profits of the institution for 4lie past vear were ?27.302.55. CONVICTS IN PRISON. The following is the report of Caph Ebcr C. Allen, as to the total number of prisoners: Prisoners in confinement. October 31, 1893 1,033 Received under sentence from that date and recaptured... 705 1'73S From which deduct? Discharged by expiration of sentence 535 riQwlntl . . nO A/iaciiaifcvw *v j'" Escaped...* 36 Died 51 Killed trying to escape 1 Killed accidentally 2 Transferred to the asylum... 1 676 Leaving in confinement, October 31, 1394 1,062 Males. white 91 ^ Females, white 1 ?? Males, colored 929 ?-i Females, colored 41 1,062 Of the above number received, there were? Males, white Females, white -1 Males, colored 579 -- ^L Females, colored 26 1 The number of convicts receivedl from each countv was as follows: Abbevi]le;j2J>r^rFulersc>n, 14: Aiken, 20: Beaufort, 20; Barn~ft?ll, 28: Berkeley, 36 ;Charleston, 71 Cn?sterfield 16: Chester. 23; Clarendon, 16;' Cofietoff, 22: Darlington, 11; Edgefield, zfi j*} 'field, i); Florence, JS; Green, .he, 2i- . Georgetown, 13; Hampton, G ' 10; Kershaw, 7; Lancaster, 12: Laurens, 14; Lexington, 5; Marion, 29; Marlbote, 16; Newberry, 9; Oconee, 17; Orangeburg, 20; Pickens, 8; Richlanil, 28; Spartanburg, 24; Sumter, 32: UnjfO^S^U^tiamsburg, 21; York,22. TLiffv-six prisoners escaped during the" year and the same number were recaptured. The terms of the 669 prisoners received during the year were as follows Life, 17; twenty years, 2; fifteen years, 5; thirteen real's, 1; twelve years, eleven years, 2; ten years, 24; eight rears, 8: seven years, 12; six years, 6;'five years, 55; four years, 18; aSftwrisfYHCnths, 2; three years ana three months,2; three years, 45: two j*ears and six months, 8; two years a n^Jour months, 2; two years, 76; one year and nine months, 2; twenty months, 2; eighteen months, 34; fifteen months, 15; fourteen monthSj^; one year, 181; eleven months, 1; ten months, 4; nine months, 23; ei^ht months, G; seven months, 3; six months, 70; five months, six; four months, 14; three xi. _ o x i.1. ~ r moiiuis, io; iwo mourns, u. OCCUPATION OF CONVICTS. The following was the occupation of tlKLCtovicts prior to their conviction: Farm hands, 376; laborers, 154; cooks, 27; waiters, 21; wagoners, 12; carpenters. 8; butlers, 5; railroad hands, 4; blacksmiths, 5; butcher. 1; bricklayers, 5; seamstresses, 3; painters. 3; plumber, 1; porter, 1; tramps, 4; drayman, 1; printer, 1; millwrignt, 1; teamsters. 2; hostlers, 9; barber, 1; tinners^; washerwomen, 3; shinglemaker, 1; gunsmith, 1; housemaids, 3; silversmith, 1; lawyers, 2; barkeeper, 1; shoemakers, 2; firemen, 4; horse trainer,' 1; collar-maker, 1; factory hands, 2. The nativity of the prisoners was as follows: South Carolina, 593; North Carolina, 42; Georgia, 19; New York, 2; Virginia, 5; Texas, 2; Alabama, 3; Germany, 1; Arkansas, 1; Illinois, 1. The ages of the prisoners was as follows: Lnder 20 years, 206; from 20 to 30 yea.^ 320; from 30 to 40 years, 80; from 40 to 50 vears, 35; over 50 vears, 28. RELIGION AND HEALTH. Chaplain Norris says services are held everv Sunday at 11 o'clock in the chapel and lectures are delivered every Tuesday and Friday in the hospital. Twenty-nine convicts have professed conversion during the past year and ' 'their general deportment gives evi dence of their sincerity." Of tl*$ health of the prison Dr. D. S. Pope, the physician, says that he treated 1,170 cases during the year. He says that the sanitary condition of the institution has been greatly iin- 'i proved, and that the death rate is lower than it was last year. Dr. Pope adds: ''Consumption adds largely to our death rate, and it being a pretty well established fact that it is an infectious disease capable of being conveyed by I inhfft&tion of pulverized sputa contain- j ing the germs of the disease the greatest care should be taken to lessen the danger from this source as far as possible, for it is being constantly brought into the prison from the jails. Much has been done during the past year in this direction, and if the plans which you have in contemplation for the prison building and different places of work are carried out, I feel assured i that great good will be accomplished. This is a disease best treated by prevention, especially in prison.'! The Military Academy. * Columbia, S. C., Nov. 23.?The report of the Board of Visitors of the Military Academy shows that the income-of the school for the past year has been, the State appropriation for beneficiaries $20,000, and $21,470.47 ] has been derived from pay cadets maintained at their own cost. The i expenses per cadet has been, as heretofore, $300. Board of Visitors ask that in addition to the usual appropriation of $20,000 by the Legislature, the Academy be reimbursea $2,560 expended on repairs on account of the fire and cy- ; clone. This amount was paid out of the Academy fund. The Board also asks that the Legislature appropriate $750 for current repairs ana $868 for insurance for the next three years. The Superintendent of the Academy Col. Asbury Coward, reports as to the enrollment in the institution: After the graduation of the large class of 1893-94, at YorkVille, S. C., on the 29th of June last, there remained upon the roll of the Academy 34 beneficiary and 51 pay cadets. Total 85 Casualties: By honorable discharge 4 P By permit to retire 2 P By dismissal IB i 78 There were, however, present at the opening of the current academic year, 70 old cadets, 33 beneficiary and 45 pay. During- the month of Octobor there were admitted on your warrants 35 beneficiary and 32 payjrecruits, thus making the present enrollment os beneficiary and 77 pay, or a total of 145 cadets. Of the new cadets one, J. of Colleton County, was assigned to the Second class; all the otners were assigned to the Fourth Class. The academic classification of sadets it as follows: First Class 21 members Second Class 23 members Third Class 33 members Fourth Class t58 members 145 liig Treasure Unearthed. Kxoxville. Tenn., Nov. 21.?Great excitment prevails in Union County, about twenty-five miles from this city, over the discovery in a Indian mound of about $4S,000 worth of gold bars and nuggets. About a week ago. a Cherokee woman named Anna McDonald, a granddaughter of Chief Mcintosh, one of the famous chieftains of her tribe, ap]>eared in the neighborhood with a map showing the purpoted location of a large amount of hidden treasure. She claimed that $500,000 had been buried there by her grandfather. People were disposed to treat her as a crank at first, but finally the owner 1 - tomi An ir-VnVli fh a treasure was j^ated. agreed to open the mound for of the treasure, if any was found. ?w*ee days ago workmen commenced TB^-ating and early this morning ; ?16 of gold dust and nuggest in ] a jff' Later thev unearthed and iron box containing $30,000 worth of the ! precious metal. She claims that there i a great deal more to be unearthed. ' ' * er 2,000 people gathered in the ! neighborhood of the mound and fifty men armed with Winchesters are . guarding the treasure spot bright. ,, . , 1% k A THE STATE'S MANGES. the'annual report of state treasurer batesFigures Showing the Management of the Financial Affairs of the State Government During the Past Year?The Showing Made. Columbia. S. C., Nov. 24.?The annual report of State Treasurer W. T. C. Bates was issued yesterday. To all the people of South Carolina it is of interest, for it shows everything in connection with the management of the State government for the past year. It is interesting to note that the &tate received ?43,423.88 from the sale of fertilized privilege tax tags during the year, the largest purchasers of tags being the Asliepoo Phosphate Co.. the Atlantic Phosphate Co., the Edisto Phospate Co.. the Berkeley Phosphate Co.. the Globe Phosphate Co.. the Greenville Fertilizer Co.. and the Stone Phosphate Co. It is also noticeable that the litigation expenses of the Attorney General's office were this year $5,1508.02. It is noticed also that ?4,955.07 is charged up with having been expended for the Governor's contingent fund. The general fiinancial exhibit for the year is as follows: CtASH RECEIPTS FOR YEAR ENDIXO OCT. 31, 1894. General taxes, 1892 an3 1893 and hack taxes.... 8932,138.20 State dispensary 4(53.911.19 Phosphate roya lty 57.827.13 Privilege tax on fertilizers. 43.423.88 Direct tax interest received from United States 17,919.92 Morrill fund received from United States 20,000.00 Insurance license .fees.... 10,000.00 Railroad assessments for Railroad Commissioner. 7.150.01 Fees office Secretarv of State !.... 3,917.20 Commissioners' Sinking Fund 1,500.00 Loans. Govern or and State Treasurer under Act'93. 100,043.49 Other sources 2,002.55 Total *1,661,100.17 Cash balance Oct. 31, '03. 227.728.55 *1.888.828.72 CASH EXPENDITURES, YEAR ENDING OCT. 31. 1804. Legislative expenses 37,402.1-S Public printing 31.4(51.03 Educational,charitable, penal and sanitary institutions and expenses 250,326.27 Clemson Agricultural College... .T..... 64,941.08 Interest on public debt and expenses 269,755.56 Brown consols due July, '93, principal redeemed. 10S, 146.42 Deficiency stock redeemed 635.42 State dispensary 485,580.30 Salaries Supreme Court, Circuit Judges, Solicitors State officers, County Auditors and Supervisors,Public institutions. etc 149,317.70 Investments for sinking fund, for reduction,etc., of the Brown 4 1-2 per cents under Act 1892... 25,400.00 Contingent and Stationery and stamp funds, executive officers, Supreme Court and other officers 9,541.18 Pensions 52,169.70 Artificial limbs .. 5,016.50 Direct tax claims. Act 1884 and direct tax fund 14,746.21 Refund taxes and overpayments refunded County Treasurers 9,308.08 Special funds 5 676.10 Loans 158,153.52 On other accounts 25,995.23 Total $1,685,572.48 Cash balance Oct. 31,1894. 203.256-24 *1,888,828.72 The following statement of the condition of the treasury, at the end of the fiscal year is made; CASH LIABILITIES, OCT. 31, 1894. Interest due and not called for, viz.: On consols, brown and green *117,519.87 On blue 4 1-2 per cent, redemption deficiencies... 382.49 On new brown 4 1-2 per cents, redemption.brown consols 1,891.76 On deficiency bonds and stock 237.09 Total $120,034.21 Dispensary, State 21,169.1;" Sinking fund Commissioners 43.563.6C Sinking fund for reduction of the Brown 4 1-2 per cents, under the Act of 1892 25,275.23 Direct tax fund . 13,500.89 Direct tax fund interest... 17,919.95 Direct tax claims, Act '94. 7.202.79 Brown consols, due '93, outstanding 6,753.9? Deficiency stock, due 'S8, outstanding 21.96 Morrill fund, balance 8.152.7C Loans (interest to be added) 50.000.0C Interest from July 1, '93, to July 1, '94, on $266,647.71 Brown 4 1-2 per cents, liable to be issued for principal and interest of old bonds 11.999.1." Privilege tax on fertilizer:;. balance 558.76 Special accounts 1,383.6C Balances of appropriations undrawn not included ; above 7-1,070.1? Total cash liabilities ?402.215.0^ CASH ASSETS OCT. 31. ;JS94. General account ?04,316.73 Commissioners' sinking fund 43.563.0C Sinking fund for reduction etc., of Brown's 4 1-2 per cents 25,275.23 Dispensary S. C 21,160.15 Direct tax fund 13,500.813 Direct tax fund interest... 17,919.02 Morrill fund S.152.7C Redemption brown consols 7.112.43 Redemption deliciencv stock 303.23 Privilege tax on fertilizers 558.76 Special accounts 1.3S3.G0 total ?203.250.24 Net cash liabilities Oct. 31, 1891, say $198,958.84 LIABILITIEsVniER THAN CASH OCT. 31. 1894. Brown 4 1-2 per cents, redemption brown consols $5,528,079.58 Blue 4 1-2 per cents. redemption deficiencies. 400.000.00 Agricultural College stock, Colemson Col lege 95,500.(X Agricultural College stock, Claflin College. 95,900.0( Clemson College perpetual fuiul stock 5S.539.31 Green consols outstanding. $.320.230.54 Less estimated invalidity... 295,359.20 ?-- 30,877.3-i Bonds and stock (principal with interest to July 1, 1893) liable to l>e issued for old bonds and stock not included above 206,647.7] Total *6.476,544.03 The "general remarks" of the Treas urer are as follows. "It will Ikj seen that under the an thority of theactof 1893 a further loan of money was effected by his Excel lency the governor and myself during the year just closed. The loan ant overdrafts reported last year havebeei liquidated, but a note for*50,000, wit! interest, will become, due January next. "In fulfillmentof the contract mad< ; by act of 1892 with the holders of the new brown 41 per cents, issued for re demption of the brown consols, the phosphate royalty received from Janu arv 1, 1894, has been placed to the credit of the sinking' fund for the re dnction of the said bonds and stock tc the amount of sf/.,373.73, of which tin amount of *25,400 has been investec in securities as required by the act be i the commissionsrs charged with the i performance of that duty. "For the disposal of the amount re ; eeived from the United States govern ment <817,919.72) 011 account of the direct tax interest, some legislatloi may lie required." PLANT LESS COTTON. Some Data Upon Which to Ha.se Judgmen Given. Montgomery. Ala.. Nov. 21.?Com ' missioner Lane of Alabama has issue* his address to the cotton growers o the South, which was authorized be the late meeting of cotton grower held in Montgomery He says: Thi: convention was called by myself fo the purpose of considering and devis ing means through which Southeri cotton growers might protect them selves from the many unfair device: used to depress the values of oui chief staple. The most prominent on< being ficticious reports fabricated ii the main cotton markets sent out In cotton exchanges and emanating fron the minds of men who make a preca rious living as the bears on the cottor market." He then quotes largely from printec . estimates sent out by interested par ties as to the size of the present croj and shows by figures that it will no' amoiHit to anything1 like what b claimed. He shows by the following statement the benefits to be derivec from tlie producers coming together and'acting in harmony. Consequen upon the enormous crop produced ir the season of 1891-92, a cotton conven i tion was held in Memphis, under tin auspices of the Mississippi Valley Cot ton Growers Association, and its re suits as was the result of the recen convention at Montgomery, .wore em inently satisfactory to all engaged ii it. The express purpose of this meet ing was to take action towards the re dnotion of the cotton acreage. Hov well it succeeded in its effort the his tory of cotton crops will show. A de crease in acreage followed the ensuing season of 1892-93 3,456,439 acres, ai acreage that is larger than is planter in any one State with the exception o Texas. Pursuant to the Memphis cot ton convention, cotton advanced sev enteen points in three days. Pursuan to the Montgomery meeting, cottoi values advanced twenty-seven points Whether these two occurrences wer< foineideutal or whether thev wen caused directly or indirectly bv thes< : farmers in convention assembled r for the country to judge?but to rrn mind, it is a practical demonstratioi of a fact that the vibrations of the cot ton market are as sensitive and re sponsive to the touch of a conventioi of practical farmers as they are to tin manipulation of metropolitan fakirs The dominating questions confronting the farmers is, first to refute the ini ! quitous reports being sent out by un scrupulous persons, and bearing dowi present prices, and secondly to co-op , crate in an endeavor to again decreas* the acreage by planting the same am ! producing more "home consumption' crops. Over-production encourage: and fpsters manipulation?and i should be the effort of every intelli gent and patriotic citizen of tlie Soutl ( to enlist all the instrumentalitie available to resist this current that i insiduously day by day drifting u into the vortex of poverty and desti , tution, and I respectfully solicit th J help of the press and the kind co-op , oration of all thoso interested in th* J material wellfare of the South fo their assistance in the accomplishmen of this "consummation so devoutly t be wished." That the present low prices of cot | tort are abnormal is plain to all think ing men, and certainly so if the wel ' accepted rule of political economist apply?"thecq$>t of production of ai article is a fair standard of its value. The total visible supply in the work " Of vrr 1 ao 1 AOC? ihon i it i o < IS IAAICO IWO U1UH 1U ivvu ???iU05.414 less than in 1S92. ' The currency and tariff question , are virtually settled and all the indi ' cations at present point to a speedy rc 1 turn of the general prosperity an< cotton prices must naturally rul , higher. I We are of tlie opinion that after al 1 this matter can only he accomplishe< by independent individual action ' stimulated by intelligent argument and 1 shall undertake to prove that t< 1 a great extent, it is the over-productioi of cotton in excess of its consumptio] that is causing the fallingoff in value until it has reached that point whicl makes it less than can possibly be pro duced by the Southern planters. He concluded his address by saying "The convention at Montgomery ad journed to meet at Jackson, Miss., oi the second "Wednesday i;i January 1895.when and where we will endeav or to go into a permamcnt organiza ' tion under the name of the Southeri Cotton Growers Protective Associa tion. **TI. various governors of the South ern States will be requested to appoin four delegates from each Congression al District and three from the State a large. The Commissioners of Agri culture were elected vice president: for their respective States. I urg( upon all farmers and others interest eu in this movement to attend tin meeting at Jackson as it is a question of the gravest importance to the com - moil country/' > KNOWS HER VANTAGE. ) JAPAN IS NOT DISPOSED TOSURREN} DER ANY OF IT. The Plucky Kingdom of the Eastern Seas Very Much Obliged to Uncle Sam, bat ^ Can Manage Its Own Little Affair?Dan's Services Will l>e Allowed China. Washington, Nov. 21.?The State Department has received a cable reply I from Japan through Minister Dun at ~ Tokio to the United States' suggestion ' of mediation. The Japanese Legation here has also received from the For" eign office in Japan a cable stating that a reply lias been made and giving r its terms. Beth cables were received I here Sunday afternoon. The cable to 1 Secretary Gresham is accompan! ied by unusual dignity and formality in having the imperial } sanction of his Majesty, the 5 Emperor of Japan. It is rarely that the Emperor speaks in diplomatic _ negotiations, so that his action in this ? case is evidence of Japan's desire to . express its appreciation of the course > of the United Ssates. The message is in two parts, the [ first giving the imperial expression - of good will and saying that the suc3 cess of the Japanese arms had been such that China should approach Ja. pan directly. The second part isroore . directly from Minister Dun and ex3 presses the view of the Japanese Fori eign Office that as China has no Minister at Tokio to submit a direct proposition it could be made by China through Minister Dun. The cable to Minister Kurino is substantially the t same as the foregoing. The replies were decided on ata special meeting of the Japanese Cabinet on Saturday, and were sent from Tokio Saturday night but the transmisf sion delayed them until Sunday. The tone of the reply and the expression of imperial good will give s much satisfaction to the officials here, jl and now that the facts are known no further reserve is maintained as to the x terms of the negotiaiions which have hitherto been withheld. It appears .. that at the outset Secretary Gresham * consulted Minister Kurino, as there a was no desire to take action which j would be otherwise than agreeable to . Japan. At a conferencs between the l Secretary and the Minister, at which Secretary Carlisle was present, the 1 entire purpose of this country was ^ ~i made clear. This was before Mr. Gres- J I ham had sent the message to Japan M suggesting Amercan mediation. It was A } clearthat PresidentCleveland liadno t desire to medidate the trouble. . the contrary felt that the ' the good offices of the [ might entail a sersous r sponsibility, and possflnH|^BH9HraN9H^^^HH L mate feeling by . Under wouhi be tarT''1) felt n vtouTut ~ create an awkward situation. Partic' ular stress was laid on the fact that ~ Jape:- would be entirely free to act as I 'she saw fit, that there was no pressure to *ave her accept America!! Itttedial tion and that the entire proceeding was due to the belief that this country ~ umo in o nAcitinn IA Q QATTHPP ?7?0 111 U |A701WV11. W 1VHUV1 bW MVA i?wv r to both belligerents. These sentiments were cordially re. ciprocated by Minister Kurino sc that r Mr. Gresham liad the co-operation of I the Japanese Minister before the mesj sage was transmitted to Japan throngh f Minister Dun. Since then the Minis. ter lias further co-operated with the . Secretary and the kindly reply, with t the imperial sanction is the result. 1 A new and important situation is now presented by Japan's proposition j that China make a direct offer through 1 United States Minister Dun at Tokio. 2 This makes Mr. Dun the interesting ~ centre of negotiations from this time r forward, unless the United States 1 should decline to allow him to act as . the direct representative of China in . submitting an offer. This is not anx ticipated. however. It is said that the a usual course would be for the State Department to notify Mr. Dun, and 'r also Minister Denby at Pekin, that ! they were at liberty to transmit from . China to Japan such direct peace over- ' 1 tures as the former desired to make. _ It would then be for China to formu5 late its offer to Minister Denby. He I in turn would transmit it to Minister " Dun as China's direct offer and not as s an intermediary offer through the t United States. The State Department . undoubtedly would be apprised of the 1 action of Messrs. Denny and Dun, s but would not be the channel of their s communication, as it is the basis of s Japan's new proposition that the offer . come direct from China and not e through the mediation of the United States. The reply of Japan is so cong ciliatory and receptive that it is pointr ed out that Dun's skill as a diplomat t has scope for conspicuous service in 0 terminating the war. The action of the European powers on the new phase of the question is ___ now awaited with much interest. Ja- ,>/* ] pan's suggestion that Minister Dun * > g will be an acceptable medium ot com^ munication from China in effect ehm ' inates Great Britain, France and the j other powers from being factors in the 1 negotiations. It is believed, however, from official information received s here that Russia, Italy and Germany will certainly look with favor on China's dealing 'through Minister Dun. The same sources indicate that Austria e probably will give her adherence, as her membership in the Triple Alli] ancc makes her foreign policy similar ] to tliat of Germany and Italy. The position of Germany has been soclose' ly analagous to that of the United I) States that it has been a question of x doubt within the last few days wheth :1 er Germany might not be substituted s for the United States in the offer of ^ ^ , meditation. As there is to lie no mediation, Germany's position still remains favorable to an adjustment . along the lines suggested bv Japan, i Italy has already notified the allied \ po ;ers that she cannot conseut to for- .. * cible intervention, which is equivalent 1 to a declaration in favor of a peacea. hie settlement, such as would come 1 througli China's offer to Minister Dun. _ It can also be stated positively that Great Britain has favored the reecnt . offer of mediation by the United t States 011 the' grounds that it is pre. surned it would save China from utter t destruction and thus preserve the Brit. ish trade with China. Under these s circumstances it is believed by officials I and diplomats who are familiar with I all the correspondence that the Euro- i i pean powers cannot with propriety L interfere with auy otfer which China . wishes to make directly through Unit, States Minister Dun. It