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AGRICULTURAL. The Culture of the Irish Potato. "Were wc to take up an agricultural paper published in Iceland, and find full and ample directions how to make Iceland Moss to perfection^hould we uot bo considered green if we attempted to follow those directions in this hot climate of the South? So with the Irish Potato; although originally a Southern plant, yet it has been brought to its present edible perfection, in the moist, cool latitudes of the North, and to succeed well with it here,wo must make it approximate, as nearly as possible, to those cooler latitudes. If we plant the jm>tato in tl*o earth after the manner of the V ll. 11, a I j^uriifc, imjjr 11IHKU UVHJU t*an^ puwiiufs, but by the time tbey] have matured, and should be at the height of their farinaooous perfection, from the excessive heat <of the soil they have becoino watery, and "when cooked more resemble balls ot putty than human tbod. To have good Irish potatoes in this warm climate, plant them under straw, any time from Christina.) until March. Break up the ground intended for tho potato bed deeply, manure it well with auy cooling manure?decomposing vegetable substances are best. Open furrows six inches deep, eighteen inches apart, till the farrow nearly full of any well rotted manure. Tho potato should have been cut once in two, at least two weeks before planting; plant the potato cut side down, on tho manure in the furrow twelve inches apart; now cover the whole with the earth on the ridge, and then cover the whole bed with cither wheat, oat, or pine straw? the deeper the straw tho better, ami the more of the potatoes thero will be. The rains beat down tho straw, moisture is 011^n.l.^.1 ?i... ? ^CllVIVlCVl J1VAV U1U Cilllll, (UtU (ill V?Vil IC1U" peraturo is preserved, keeping' the potato cool and giving it that peculiar mealy quality, without which an Iriah potato is the meanest of "all human food. No fears need be entertained but what the tops will find their way through the straw; thetf will find Ihc light, and the potato will make as high up in the straw as the moisture comes. There is no after culture, after planting?the yield is greater and the quality equal to the best imputed, i Who will eat putty balls, when they may have as wcli,' mealy potatoes'?Soil of the South. Deep Ploughing. All cultivators of the soil, I think, will agree that i: is better to have a deep rich soil than a thin one. Crops on a deep soil are not so easily injured, either by drought or excessive rains. In dry weather there is a better circulation of the moisture amongst the roots of plants, and in wet a . f .1 * - iree oppoiunuy icr uic excess 01 water to | soak down, and thus be reserved for use in time of need. While all agree with me in my views thus far, there is great diversity of opinion in relation to the propriety of deepening the thin soils,some contending; that the subsoil contains poison, which, if brought up and mixed with the surface soil,will surely blast all the hopes of the unlucky farmer who shall bo bold enough to attempt it,and that it is not best to bring up a particle of earth in order to deepen the soil, however thin it may be; while others again as strongly advocate deep ploughing and deep tillage, bringing up the subsoil to be acted upon by theatmosphere, and at lenght forming a deep, free soil, suitable for the production of abundant crops. llavnig advocated and practised upon the last of these opinions for more than twenty-five years, tho object of this communication is to give some hints to farmers respecting deepening the soil The nature of the soil and the circumstances of the cultivation should always be considered. If the subsoil is elav, or very hard and tenacious, the land should be ploughed in the fell, that the frost may operato upon it; and if there bo not an abundance of manure, a small quantity should be brougt up; so that there may not be sufficient to injure the growth of the crops of the first season, but rather to increase them. Gravelly and sandy loains may be ploughed deeper at first. If lands are wet, all the good effects of deep tillage cannot be attained until draining is resorted to. My practice has been, and 1 my advice now is to deepen gradually; but as I have before stated,how fast,depends upon circumstances. By all means, howover, obtain a deep rich soil wherever yon intend to till. A gentleman who has travelled through the eastern and the southern parts of this state considerably, amongst farmers, and who is himself a cultivator of the. soil, remarked to me, a year or two since, that be could pick out thorn) farms where deep ploughing had been practisted from superiority of the crops, and that upon inquiry of the owners he was seldom or never mistaken in his opinions.? New England. Farmer. Firmness in Death. The Home Journal gives this thrilling account of the coolness of a Hungarian General in the hour of battle and of execution : Ono of tho most distinguished of the Hungarian Generals who were taken rrisoners and executed by the Austrains ad the singular name af Ernest Kiss. He was a wealthy proprietor, owning twenty three villages,and was a man of excessive per tonal elegance, as well as of excessive chivalric courage. He regularly sent his linen all tho wav from Hnnnrarv in, !???? -0 ' ("P?/ ? - ? ? to be washed ; and was in similar respect* a D'Orsny, as well as a itavard. His coolness in danger was remarkable; and it istoldcf him tliatonedny, within reach of an Anstrain battery making an observation, ho oTderd nis servant to bring him a cud of chocolate. A shot took it fjom his hand and killed his horse. ' Clumsy rascals P said Kiss, they have upset my breakfast4 When taken out with three others to be shot he was snperbly dtessed. The 1 order was given to Are, and his companions fell, w hile ho stood untouched. 'You | have forgotten me,' said Kiss, in bis usual ! tone of voice. The corporal of the plat- I toon stepped up and nred, and the ball j striking him in the forehead, he fell wtih- I out a struggle ITnnrnstpr 1>iiger. Lniiraslvrvillis 8. C. THURSDAY, MARCH 4, 1852. Our Upper Country. It is pleasant to walk in the woods these Spring mornings. The trees do not as yet shads us,hut still the last remnants of the autumnal leaves protect us from the rays of the sun. How vivid to our mind the first visit we made through the upper country. Ii was about this season of the year, several years since, that we left Augusta, (Ja., about one o'clock, A. M., ami took passage in the stage | for Abbeville C. II. Now, this was not tho | hour (especially after enjoying the quiet re- j pose which ono finds at the Kagle and Phoc- j nix Hotel, Augusta.) to reconcile us to man or nature. We were in no comfortable mood and being frequently aroused out of unrcfreshing naps, which cannot bo otherwise in a stage coach, by the occasion of the Driver stopping to water his team, wo felt as if this would be our first and last visit over such rough roads. But soon was our mood changed to one pleasant, buoyantaed happy, for as "morning light appeared," the birds warbled forth their songs of morning joy, recalling to mind those lines of Montgomery,? 41 Who loves not Spring's voluptuous hours, The carnival of birds and flowers." The uneven surface of the country presen- | ted to our mind beauties never before seen I to be enjoyed. IIow vary striking is this to I a low country resident! There where all is flat and even, it is certainly delightfully plea- i sant to leave the sen shore to ruminate and ' ruralise in our upper borders. We took breakfast at Edgefield village, but had no op- j ! portunity of noticing the town. About dark j ' in the evening we reached Abbeville. What I pleasant feelings to see a miniature city in the woods! After a sojourn of two or three , days at Abbeville, in which time we leart the j | facilities enjoyed by the inhabitants, how qui- | etlv diil our prejudices vanish, and thought i I we?what a happy people ! 1 In our young days we paid a visit to New 1 York, Albany, Syracuse, lhilliilo, Niagara Falls, &.e.,and yet this brief visit to Abbeville village really pleased us more than those i ^ dashing cities, or the enviable pleasure of i : viewing Niagara. How strange tint our ci- j tizens in the low country, annually spend hundreds of dollars in visiting these North- , crn places, when for a much less sum, they can while away the dull months of Summer in their own State, in a delightful climate and j enjoy the pleasure of viewing as pretty scene- , rynscan be found any where. Some years ago these trips to our upper country could | not be accomplished but at great expense, ] trouble and fatigue, but our Rail Roads are ) now projected to every peint we might say: I that we trust our friends will visit their eounneighhors, by which me^ns not only do we 1 hope they will be much lwncfittod, but it will have the effect to perpetuate those good ( feelings which we are pleased to see exist | at this time. | ? , ? . To Correspondents. 1 < It is ngainst our rule to publish nnnoymous communications. "Married Life," by f "AdObserver," we will look over, and theu ? will be able to judge of its merits. j ^ "Beaufort Battle Ground," by "Farmer's Advocate," we will peruse at our leisure. Real names must accompany all communica- i ? tions to ensure their publication; and wo i ' wntilil hn nlinaixl In Iinvu tlm r.f ?l. . I J above call on us, or otherwise send us their | true signature, Wc r.ro obliged to adhere j to this rule to avoid imposition. Communications must he handed in nt ' v least a day or two before the paper is put to ! press, which is on Wednesday night; ! | ' * s ' C-if So:nc short time since a comniuni- | I catiou was addressed to Judge O'Noall in s the Charleston Mercury signed " Many Cit- j e izens," asking the Judges' opinion inrelntion j < to the feflcibiMt" and propriety of construct- 1 ing the contemplated Kail Road to connect ; the Western States more intimately with ? our own. by a line ol' Road through the Ra- I ' bun Gap. This matter has given riso to much dis- I , cussion in the Charleston papers. Judge ! 1 O'Nealls' opinion is that it would be of much i advantage to the State, aud especially to ' Charleston. He says if Charleston will do | 1 her duty towards the enterprise, he pledges himself the up country will follow. ' Municipal Election. j # t The following gentlemen were clceted to j serve for tho ensuing year: t ISTF.hdakt?A. J. BELDEN. > ~\WJkkiti.ua?J. R. MAtiliJi, < JONES CROCKETT, A. C. DUNLAP, S. iJ. EMMONS. 1 KontrrsM. ?"? t Tlie Kold weather, Kossuth and Kri.it- ' mas, and the Knows l'rom Kalifornia )i:.s Knocked Kongress iuto a Hocked hat. Kiio- r thing of importanco Kould he done, when ii was such a Kry a ho at so many subjects ( among the Knowing ones at the Kapha). As c Kuick wh wo Kan get reliable Knows, we 'J shall Knotle long in Komruunicating it to fl oar Kurionn, Knowing Kneighhors*. Kon- '' seqpently at present we Know Kno better ' than to Klose this Kommunication, as the Knight is unKomnionly Kold, und we have a Kurtous Koinplaint Kalled the K?K?K? fj KoMsutu K.ainp or Krip?K !?Exchange c Kan't Krmn another K in this sKrap of t Knows)? t The Indikn,'i"*Honnto has passed a i o hill to purchase land in Africa, to which the c aegroes iu that hUate are to ho sent. <1 Plank Road Meeting. At a meeting hold in Columbia on the 23rd ult., for the purpose of taking measures for the construction of a Plank Road from that town to some poiot in Union District; the following wore the principal resolutions adopted: Resolved. That in view of these considerations, and in view of the growing enterprise and competition of l>oth the larger and smaller towns of this and the adjacent States, it is of the highest importance to the people of Columbia to avail themselves of the advantages which a plank road connection with the back country presents for maintaining and extending their trade, enhancing the value of their real estate, multiplying tiu'ir industrial pursuits, and advancing the general importance and prosperity of the town. 2. Resolved, That the proposed plank road from Columbia through Lexington, Newberry, and Union Districts, offers the most favorable opportunity for commencing a system of plank road cominuiiica1tion, which will connect us with the agricultural districts of the up-country not already occupied l?y conqieting modes of transportation. 3. Resolved, That in order to push forward this enterprise as speedily as possible, a committee of?persons to be appointed by the chairman, who shall ascertain with reasonable certainty the most advantageous route and terminus of the road, the probable amount of capital which may he required for its construction, and the aid to be expected from other quarters, who shall give the notice required under the plank road law, corrcsjxnul with those sections of the country directly interested in the road, and do whatever else may be deemed expedient as preparatory to opening the hooks for subscription, and which will facilitate an immediate undertaking of the enterprise as soon as the itock is subscribed for. 4. Resolved, That a committee ? persons for each ward be appointed to receive find obtain new and larger subscriptions, additional to those already made. 5. Resolved, That the committee ap pointed under the jfeeeiling resolutions report on the several matters embraced therein to to an adjourned meeting, to be tield in this place, at the earliest day after the expiration* >f the time of advertisement, ivhieh\lhev^nay deem convenient and udrisable.\/ Not/to please onr vanity, but in order hat onr subscriber* may see what opinion the press of our own State have of the Ledger, we annex the following notices received since our last issue. I'mk Lancaster Leroeii. We have received the first number of i new paper, neatly printed and ably edited, with the above title. It comes to us frrtm the l>istriet which gave birth to Andrew Jackson and has uniformly supported his politics. The Lodger, however professes to be moderate in its .views in regard h> the present exciting political struggle in South Carolina. We are pleased with the paper and the location, and hope that it may have a long list of paying uiliserihers transferred to the Ledger at the ?nd of the year. Hut we see no editor's >r printar's name atlixed to the paper, ft lias surely had both, or it never could liave come into the world full grown, as it is, and speaking wisdom. With great jjreat pleasure we place the Ledger on ?ur exchange. We are much obliged, Major I'. for your lattering notieo of the Ledger. But you liould "give the devil his due," you vould have seen our name on the first page. The Lancaster Ledger is the name of i new paper published at Lancaster, C. II., j m 11. fuuur aim pmnnt'ior.? | I'lie lirst number is neatly printed and j cesents in every respect a fine appearance. j i\ e congratulate the good people of aincaster on the establishment of a press n their \ illage, and doul t not but that they rill lend a cheerful and willing support to dr. Bailey in his laudable undertaking. Ie will command success because lie decrees it. We regret, however, that the jedger has mounted the fence,and has not eon proper to come out and declare itself ither for us or against us. Notwithstanding its professions of neutrality, we gather rom thecarefuly prepared and able written trticle in tliis number, that it will boldly j md fearlessly oppose the secession of the | >tate. If this shall he its course, we take leastire in extending toMr. Bailey the right land of fellowship, and wishing him abunhmt success and lots of subscribers.?S. Rights Advocate. Thk Lancaster Lkdokr.?lliisistbe taino of a very neat and respectable sized lewspaper just issued at I^aneasterC. II., *. C., by K. S. Bailey. It proposes to l?e loutrai in pontics, out should he conclude o advocate any political jioliey, has platbrm intimate* very plainly, that lie d be 10 secessionist. Wo wish him all the lonors and pleaauea incident to driving he quill, without any of its triai* and roxations, and welcome him to our exdtangc list.? Pickens Courier. tlie I..vncastku LfchOhU. This W tll6 itle of a new paper just started nt Lan asterville, in this State, by H. S. Bailey, Ssq. It is neatly drinted, and professea e lie independent of party. We welcome ho ehitor, as misery loves company.? Yorkcille licmedy. The Lvncahtku Lkdokp.?Wo have eceived the first numlier of a paper hearng the above title, published at Lancaster 'oitrf House, by R. S. Bailey, Esq., fonnrly Editor of the I^aurenaville Herald ['he pajier is of good size, neat in appearince, and from Mr. B.'a experience, we invo no doubt it will prove worthy of a iberal patronage.? Cam. Jour. A man named Gable, who was a belioer in tho Spiritual-knocking rapjxrs, lied recently in Indiana. Ho had not tak n any nourishment for two week*,and had unit his hands by holding them against ho fire, for the purpose of taking tho eleericity out, as he said, while under extr?>rdinary excitement, Exhaustion and xcitement were the probable cause of his leatli. ^ [For the Lodger.] , Rail Roads. ' _____ When Rail Roads nrc now tmvcraing almost every other portion of our State, with their quickening and fertilizing effect, why should not wc too avail ourselves of the blessings they confer? Is there any insuperable barrier in the way to prevent the construction of one leading from some point on the Columbia and Charlotte Road into our District? A Branch running from Chcsterville to Lancaster would command the freight of as great an amount of produce,and benefit as an extensive a section of country, as any other Road of similar length in the State. In addition to the almost entire Dis trict of Ijuicnster, and a large portion of Chesterfield, the productions ofa broad scope of country m North Carolina, between Meek- < lenburg County and the Peo Dee, would 1 eventually tiud their way into niarke- 1 through this channel. In fact, nearly all of 1 the produce which has hitherto sustained 1 the Camden market, would take this direc- < tion. This surely would be sullicient to 1 justify the construction of such a Road. ' Yorkvillo in a short time will cernplets a < Branch from Chcsterville to that place, run- ' ning almost parcllel with the main stem of 1 the Columbia and Chnrlotte Road. This 1 Branch will be but twenty-one miles in ' length, and yet the back country upon which it, ofcouree, must principally depend for support, can in no way be, compared in i extent and fertility with that which would 1 feed a Branch leading into our District. Still it is believed by many gentlemen of ' experience and sagacity, who are interested in the Yorkville Road; and who, of course, 1 have given the subject most attention, that I its stock will turn out to he n good invest- 1 menb If this opinion be correct, can any 1 one for a moment doubt but that stock in a road leading from Chcsterville into this District would be even profitable? The affirmative in answer to this question is much favored, too, by the reflection that every succor- ' sive road which has been built in the St :tc, 1 has cost less to the mile in its construction than any one proceeding. This is the natu- ' ral result of mere,- sod experience. A rovd mnv be constructed now with nro,;t to the ' ' . , Stockholders, which even ton vo.ts ago. would have thrown upon their hands so much ( dead capital. If gentlemen in our District who are most j ( dseply interested in the soil, will inlist themselves in behalf of this enterprise with tie t | earnestness and r.eal which its importance warrants, the construction of the road in question will be found to be easy of accomplishment. When wc reflect that this road, if built, must p;u?s through a portion of Chester District, distinguished by intelligent ' anil public-spirited citizens, whoso lands ( would be thereby greatly augmented in j value, and that the advantage which would accrue to Chester Village would yield in j importance to that of no other point upon ( which the road could touch, it cannot be } doubted, but that any serious effort on our part to build the road would be powerfully ( seconded by Chester District. This, in addition to the assistance which would be gtv- , en from other quarters, would be suflicivnt to render its construction cert tin. The time is fast approaching when our , farmers will he no longiv content to submit to the inconvenience nnd expense of hauling their produce to distant markets. The growing necessities of u large extent of country ' on this side of the Catawba begin to call loudly for those facilities for the transport*- ; tien of produce which rail roads now afford J to almost every other portion of the State. ] 1 his in itself is well calculated to recommend the enterprise in question to our most carefill consideration, while the impetus w hich its ( success would give toward a full develop- | nicnt of the resources of a country, rich in I | agricultural and mineral cap bilitics, would i be nttendod not only with the greatest nd- : t vantages to the owners of the soil, but 1 would likewise tend materially to the increase \ of wealth in the State. These suggestions 1 are thrown out merely with the hope of calling the attention of our pcoploto this sub- J jeet. Catawba. . Tub Nkw Mormon CnrirAL.?Awri- ' tcr in tho National Intelligencer states that llrigliatn Young and his associates f being well satisfied ,that upon a fair reprc- ( dentation of facta to government by the re- j turned judges, the civil authority of the territory would l>e withdrawn from their control, they have,with their usual cunuiug located their capitol in one of the most out-of-the-way, inconvenient, and unsafe districts to l?c foundVvithin the limits of the Territory,with the view not only to exrose the officers who might be sent there to ndia nhostilities, but to remove them so fiy from Salt Iaike City as to remove them as to prevent their taking cognizance of crimes and offence? th re, over which the church claims to exercise exclusive jurisdiction. Recent letters from Salt Lake City ' announce these as the reason for the act. j Thb Riiamaii Lock Picker.?Mr. llohbs in a recent lecture before the Society nf Arts in London, thus describes the manner in which he picked the celebrated Jiral am lock : M He eaid that his first step had been to take an impression of the hole in wax. Ho had originally supposed that each slide had its spring, but ho found himself mistaken in that sunnLc. Having Contrived the necessary implements, he pressed down i the disc, which left him at liberty to work < en the slides ; introduced a lever into the 1 key hole, and applied pressure to the < cylinder; felt the alios successively, pre*** | ing them in the false notchevuid succeed- < ing in httwening the cylinder, and the lock I was picked. lie had ncvei seen the < inside of a H ram ah lock liefore his expert- i menta?had never tried to pick one; and < he entertain* no doubt that, with his present experience, he could repeat the process in an hour's time. Mr. tlobbs alluded also to the "PowaiAil reflector" he is said to liavo used, and showed it to hen three- ' penny mirror, and hesimihtraly refuted the exaggeration relative to excessive filing of the leek." ] Anderson and Knoxville Sail So ad Col. W. Spencer Brown, Chief Engipee of the Greenville ami Columbia Rail Road returned lo this place yesterday, from n ra pid reconnoisauco of the contemplate Rail Road route from .Anderson C. H through Rabun Gap, to Knoxville and Chat tanooga, Tenn. Col. Brown ltad not tim upon his short visit, to make a very mtaut examination of the entire route, but return satisfied its entire practicability, at n ver; moderate cost, considering that it passe through a mountainous country. He ex prea8cs the confident opitiinion, that a stipe rior road may be built at a cost not exceed ing 15,000 per mile for fifty miles, througl the mountains, and $(10,000 per mile for tin balance of the line, say ninety cr one hun Ired miles, to Knoxville. Col. Brown think thnt the most practicable direction for tin line, will be to strike from Anderson dm (vest, crossing the Seneecn River near Sloan' Ferry, and thence by the most practical rout< to the valley of Tugalo River, thence up tin valley, of said River, to the mouth of Di: Creek, following which stream for a slior listance, a verv pretty level ridge may Is jrossed to the W. r Woman Creek, a fev miles from Clayton and up that Creek t< Clayton, thence through the Rabun Gap, t< the head waters of the little Tennessee un< Eliwnssoo Rivers, without difficulty. Thi distance from Anderson to Clayton, by thii route, is about sixty miles, and Col. Browi say? truly that it is in every point of view the most important enterprise to South Car linn and the Southern States thnt ever enlis ted public attention. Let Charleston begii to move, let the State move, and let the peo pie everywhere go to work, to insure th< early construction of this great and impor tnnt thoroughfare.? Southern H. Advo. The North Eastern Railroad. . It is with sincere pleasure wo announce t< the community, that Council h.tve promptlj noted upon the recent s.pplic .tion of tin Commissioners of the \*orth 11 stern Ft- il railroad, nn.l by moat lib r 1 subscription o t)ne Hundred 'J lions nd !' >!! r-.. en bier them tn secure the charter nd t !; inmi 'di t< iteps for org..ui/.ing the Coiup ny. We .re now s .tisti.-l th people of Charles ton will not slumber upon their into.ie.sts, bu ivith commendable zc 1 engage in the con test for the great prizes of trade and trave which are now within our gr..np. Lot it bt reinemhered, however, tlr.t we are now onli 'it the commnwcmcnt of the work, and thnt t< mm uit skuii is irnciureti m several pia sea. She lias Binee reveal**! the perpetra ;<>r of the iiihuninn diwd, who is Iter uii :lc, .lahum Jlemhrce, nti<l he in now undei irrent. We have not heard the motivi that led to tlic coniiniaaion of thin act but it is *aid that the uncle wan oppose* to the marriage.? Anderatm OutttU. Dbatii rromToO'ii IYm.imo.?A Jadi n Winchester, Mr*. Locke, had a tootl xtracted nlx ut a f<>r;night ago, and th< wound continued to bleed till Tuesday when nhe expired from exhaustion. Severn physicians, including Mr. Itiglow, tried ir rain to atop the bleeding. Such caae* hav< happened be fun*, but are bv no means Totnnion. It is said that the juice of netlo rill stop bleeding fr??m the none when al other remediee have failed.?liotton Poai Branch Bank, Camden. The following gentlemen have been elret nd Director*, for ensning year: President*?'T. Salmond. f>trecinrt?A. f>. Jone?, John Canty, W Kennedy, L. Whittaker. secure its speedy completion, it must inoc kvith further aid than can he extended by tin neighborhoods through which tfie road wil [KISS. Several of our Tanks have not yet irnita led the example of institutions whoso protnp ind liberal support was noticed a few dayi dace, hut we yet hope th it they will conn forward ami contribute liberally to the fur .heranco of this undertaking. Exponent! thows that cities without these iron high way* invari. blv I;.ngush ; and tin t in faeilita ingto their market the products within thei reach, they add :.n hundred fold to thei wci.lth and import.'nee.'*?( h<u. ('our. 2=?T" 1 ho following is from the Nev fork Correal indent of tli New (trie .11 ic.tyune. We think it tiinu the pooplo o ;ho North should ceaso to interfere in \vha1 iocs not concern them. "You may set it down as a fact that tin North has eoineto its senses on the sub ieot of slavery. Nine out of ten of tin people in the free States are entirely satis led: 1-t. That no agitation here couft iccoinplish Abolition, or have even a ten lency to bring it itboiit. 2d. It is a mat :cr which concerns exclusively and entire) :he Southern States. 3d. The free ncgrt mi dilution at the North ore 11 a conditioi ar |e>s comfortable ;m< 1 inde|>endent thn .heir l*rt'tlir??n at the SohiIi. 4th. That i ivo arc to live in harmony as Static, lit >ne section of the Union must iutcjfen n the local affairs of tlie other. On tlie whole, therefore, I rejoice it ill that has hapjiened. The agitatior iiiml by fanatics has been allayed bj die sober arguments of n?nson, goot tense and patrotism. There is a larg. iiidradiplv augmenting class of men at tin S'orth who aredeterininded to break awat irom all party lines and plant thcnwlve: ?n the great priii iplesof the c.mjirotni < ?f 1850, and abide by the guarantees o he constitution." llat'TAi. Assault.?We havo just heart >f a most shocking and harharous nttael tjH?n a young woman, of this District shich she will hardly survive. She is tht laughter of Mr. John Hombree and win a) have been married on last night.? Sometime on yesterday her sereatns wen teard by others of the family, who wen tt work near at hand, ami riton going t< tee what was the matter, slie was fount ionic two humlretl yards from the house ilmost senseless, with her head drcadfnll) bruised and cut with more than a dozer frightful g?4?hen, and the physician report* ,1.1* il.. I II 1- A *? I , Aukkht on suspicion or Kiunappino. ?A white iuuu who gave his name as W. r I). Rose, arrived here yesterday in the I Wilmington Steamer with a negro in i * charge, whom it appears was ordered by ^ him to remain upon the wharf while he i went in search of a broker, but during his 1 " absence the negro, who is about 17 years " of age, was questioned by Police Officer e Daniel Twohili, who w hs present* nnd the e ans\Vfcrs returned were sucli as to induce s *fTic arrest of the white man (Rose) upon y his return, and that of thu boy. They H were both taken beloro his Honor the 1 Mayor, to whom we are indebted for tho 1 following facts elicited during the examination : ^ Win. D. Rose stated that he lh-ed in North-Hampton county, North-Cnrolina. u That some time ago a Mr. Humphrey - Cuius told him to catch the l?oy, whom s he calls Tom or Nuke ; that he was a runi away; that if ho would take liiin to Charlese ton and sell Irm, or failing to do so, would hire liiin to the Wilmington Railr -ad 0 Company lie would give him $50. Humphrey (iunm live* live miles from Rich Square, North-Hampton county. Rose 4 has no documents or written authority on ' * the subject; is himself not the owner of 0 any slave; says he is a stranger l>oth in v Charleston and Wilmington, never was at 8 either place before, and got the Captain j of the steamer Wilmington, to clear tho 1 boy in the Custom Ilonse at Wilmington. a At the request of Rose, the Mayor vester, day wrote to Magistrate M. W. Small wood residing next the Post Office nt Rich Square, as above, also to Mr. Wm. Gums, * the son of Humphrey (Jinns, to come on ] forthwith and attend t?>tlio matter. The negro asseverates most ixisitively 1 1 that he is a free man, end says his name < - is William Francis Nukely Ha vis, son of i b Retsy Davis, a free born woman nearly 1 - white. The" boy is a mustee, and says he ' was bound to service by his mother to j Humphrey Gums till he was 21 ; that he j had but 3 more years to serve, when be- | ing ill treated by a Mr Hottton, to whom i j he was hired, he left, and has been work- i ing out since for himself, and that he was J taken bv Rose while getting out staves near 1 , Halifax, N. C., on last Friday, and that | nose lorveii mill 10 mnuiil norse ^telling f liitn lie would take Itim home;) hut con1 veyed him to Wilmington, inul thence to s Charleston, ami tint he was not aware by Hose that he was for sale. The affair wearing rather a suspicious ( I aspect, his Honor has deemed it correct to , detain both parties in custody for further I i inquiry.? Chan. Ere. AW*. : Ixtriiestinu Fact.?The ltev. J. l).Ty- ( t ler, Principal of The I >oaf Mute I fepart- , incut of the Virginia Institution, states in i hia last interesting rej?ort, that our own * country is the only one in which tlieques' tion whether the children of deaf mutes are themselves apt to l?c apt to l?c deaf, - lias approached solution. Two hundred t educated mutes assembled in 'Hartford, * Conn., Sept. 25 1840. Of these 103 were ( L? married, some quite recently. Seventy. two were parents, th* parents, of 102 I ] , children, ninety-eight of whom can hear ] and speak. Instances arc given of parents j both deaf from birth, having children able : to hear and speak. "An instance," says Mr. Tyler, exists r "in old own institution, in the ease of an ] instruvtor and his amiablu wife, both deaf from birtlw?but their two bright little boys < v have all their sens s in jiertection. &o H that the apprehension in question," con- 1 j. timicft the Principal, "is not nutHc ent t ground for denying to deaf mutes the chief earthly happiness, the school and exercise ' of virtue?the state which preserves na- ! e lions, and fills cities and churches and lion. - ven itself.'' j Ho! >'0!t CALIFORNIA.?There i* B SUd- i den and mi uneNpoied ll..w of emigration ; from thin |H?rt to Chugrcs nud Jim Juan, ( * the intimate destination of which is Cali' fornia. The Meteor, usually running in < the regular Texan trade, has been taken ] ' out of it to'iuect this demand for transj*>rtation to the Isthmus. She i* usupe1 ri >i vessel, and leaves to-day with at leust '' three lumdred passengers. Another steai liter or so couUt lie j i< filaliy employed I just now in the same traae. And as the 1 ' latest news from the Isthmus informs us | ) , that proivsions are extremely high there, t . ! particularly salt h -ef, a pretty s|>eculatioii , might he made. | erhups, by some prompt j 11 adveiiltirc in that line too. j This sudden increase in this emigration i from tins js?rt may l>e nttribuied to the an- , nounceinent that it it of do uto going to | ' New York to secure transportation in the ] regular steamers to the Isthmus, as all the ( ; berths clear through on the route are ta- , ; ken for some time to come. The New- | 1 York Tribune advises persons bent on go- , i ing to California not to go to New York, { , but to take the Hist vessel that offers any- | s where to sail round Ca|>e Horn. ( * Then, too, a great many js-rsons are , - now hereon their way to the "Cold Dust" \ i country who should nave been here some | J weeks ago, The bad state of navigation 5 ? of the upjier rivers kept them back, and , I now tlmy come all together, and eager to ( , get to their journey's end. We do not , ' think the rusli will last long.?New Or- j I lean* Picayune. , Heatii ov a Lady kiiom Chief.?Mrs. , ' Ague* Hoyd, of Cincinnati i,it is said died of | I grief, a tew <layij ago, m eunnopience <>f i r the decease of her husband. During the < 8 wwk prerkm* to her <l<*at!i aho wa* al- 1 ? uxwt con*Untly{occupied in prayer, inter- ] ' ruptcd at frequent interval* by incoherent ( maniacal supplication* to her children.? ( She t?a>k no t'Mt-i or in urinhment of any i f kind, save Mich a ? wi r?- ' ro d upou her, i j hih! when the atrick.-n- pint lied, tho 1'atr i ,,! teneinent it had occupi.-d was nxiuccil al! nioat to n skeleton. Shu w*? only j 20 yean age, a iu?ly of rum aceom- , t j ^litdim&ntA, and the daughter of tho Hcv. , 9 Ltr, uiw^, ?if I'liiladclpliin. , i - California Iiok already made ?ueh pro- 1 1 grew in civilization an to demand anew i constitution, lite old ono having boon quite < worn out in the image of the last two < yearn. It in too old, ami the wanta of tha 1 Uinta have outgrown the time-honored in- i * etrument which is altogether inadeqate to 1 i; present development. "A good eon- i etitution now-a-dnys'1 *?y%the j'rovidence < Journal, "will la?t, with fair usage,about 1 a?|ong as n pair of 1-h>Kw \ Advertising'?Facts and The following is from tho Jg South Carolininn When newspapers talk of tho vantage to bo derived by the busi^^^^^^R W by a liberal system of advf?4MaHjHH|| R most deeply interested imagine H uoS^H^B j for the benefit of the publisher* Hh Bos^^Hf Ion Titnos furnishes us with a few statisticaSVj f'?n> Mr 8. 8. Homrhtoa. ost oflH its dry goods advertisers, 'ft* itntoawiSl exhibit* tho amount of business dons g seven or eight weeks, taken from his wiHI Jj book, one half tho time without sdvertishf^^^m Jm tho other wtth daily advertisements. MS Xo Adirrtiaemcnt. I' Admrti$ement. Kg i: Dee. 17.1861. .$01 86 Jan. 13... i. .$ 18*1*01 ' 1 8 7100 14 leifHI f 1 9 17700 16 ...27nHf V 00 67 86 16 381 (HI J 00 4642 17. dlllTO , . ,e 0 3 9900 19..^ aiK f 0 4 8100 20........ V4*H 06 6308 01 467 H 26 68 09 00 ...8680 2 7 6964 23 I. 2 9 14 68 24 429^0 3 0 79 16 26 3081H 3 1 84 27 07 37F90 Jan. 1,1860. ...127 01 28 867 80] 2 119 70 29 919 80 J i 3 101 60 30 183 if' 6 6971 3) 16160 6 .69 94 Fob. 2 283 l?f 7 70 26 3 812 901 8 4329 4 .99477 \ 9 4037 6 198 17 J 13 101 06 6 1814*1 12 8CI4 7 17169 1 Total.. ..81.712 19 Total. i . #7,00000 1 ( A ??.? nnsslu 0*rt A uuvafVA nasslu K3A4 1 .S """"K" """"J v I per day- 36 per day. | Thus, in the time specified, H will be seen that Mr. Houghton found a difference of over $6,000 in his sale*. Oh yss, the reader may any that this is all very good, but interested parties like the newspapers are not competent witnesses or very reliable snthority. But figures do not lie. rnd there is neither reason nor sense in obstinately disputing the truth, no thst however selfish the papers may be, in recommending a system of advertising to all who can profit thereby, the system and its great advantages sre suw^ gained hy incontestible facts in thousands instances. jf Presidential Vote. The following is the relative vote on the 1?M Presidency at the list and at the nott elec- 1 lion. " It will bo seen that tho net loss of J > the t^outh is />nly one vote ?the act gain V m of the North seven?of which California I (I gives four. If it were not for the provision in the federal Constitution, which counts I slaves oniy at three-fifths of their number, V the South would have retained her relative JL ' strength, notwithstanding the enormous for- 9 eign emigration of the last ten yesrs, and v the California roup d'elat.?Hovthrrn Pmt. g States. Vote 1862. Vote 1848. || Maine .y.....8 9 1\ Now Hampshire.... .?v.. .6 6 I Vermont \.6 8 Mass.'irhusetts 13 12 Rhode Island 4 4 V i Connecticut 6 (I '1 New York 36 36 ' Mt New Jersey 7 7 flK Pennsylvania 27 26 Delaware 3 3 ML Maryland 8 8 Virginia 16 17 North Carolina 10 11 I South Carolina 7 9 ' Georgia 10 10 Florida 3 3 i Ohio 23 23 Indiana 13 13 Illinois 11 9 Iowa 4 4 Wisconsin 5 4 Michigan 6 6 Kentucky 19 19 Missouri 9 7 v* Alabama 9 9 1 I Ixtuisisna 6 6 Tennesson 13 IS a I Mississippi 7 8 Arkansas 4 3 > V Texas 4 4 I'alifornia 4 0 Whole number of votes.395 Necessary to a choice. ..148 I Au Oeloienariuti gsae. We are called upon, says die Winn*- I lM.ro' Daily Register of Thursday, as well hy n sense of duty as a feeling of esteem gJ| snd respect for the unblemished character and benevolent deportment of the deceased . in all the relations of life, to pay a passing V tribute of respect to die memory of Maior Denoni Robertson, who departed this oft p r n yestertay morning, after a abort but ex- 1 tr?'n?.' y severe itluor^*. Holering upon life a few years before the comsienwswnt i?f the Revolutionary war, he experienced tome of the hardships of that straggle far liberty, but too young to take any active part. Without the advantage of mnch early education, he succeeded in making himself useful to his fsmily, ilistll'tt and country. By industry and economy ha V provided wefl for bis family, giving his J" children a liberal education wkieh Km M. * ly qualified thom for tranuetng Um bnai- 11 nes* and duties o4 life, with honor to themselves?a tfood citizen, always prepared to discharge his duties with advantage totho I district and honor to himself and when in 1814 the Site of South Carolina was called upon in defend her son from invasion V he cheerfully tendered his services and waa *' 1 rhosen to command a Battalion corapoaod J [>rincijmlly of volunteers from Fairfield fh* triet. The duties of his oflat were dfc* J ehargwl to the entire satisfaction of hiaan- ^ priors in office, and oooeaqmntly with I honor to himself. In fine, he has is aridi- - I lion to tompctmrr, left the richest Isgnoy * 1 lo bis family, one whose valna cannot Is ] treasured by gold and donbtlna trained fir I above rubies the?character of an honest j man. A Cat in thk Msau?Two barrels marked "new corn meal" canto into the depot in this city, by Carpenter* express, directed to no one. Marsha! Jooea, happen- ! I ing to be round, thought that it looked , , like a suspicion* heap. "It may be laid he, w but them can bo no harm in examining into It." Accordingly ho wait- i sd upon the express man, an took the ' 1 I,.,, 1- H- * ? ? V kim/ iiv own cm moot, im om> XI iiiff them each omi conUriwea another W \ pc-l, lammndtd by a BmI? "mit mn J i.i. al"?one of thein fti!l of ram aad th?? fi other full of brandy. A* they ir?ra directed to nobody, nolmdy Km hit say - I thine.?Aipttr* (Main*) Farmrr.