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' POETRY. Tht City Rom to tke Wilt Rom. Tho wild bee hrought your message, Just at tho peop of day, Tapping, buzzing at my window. Then gaily flew away. * I thank you, fair young sister, But 'twould break my heart to roam, 1 So many, many lovo me, k In my dusty city home. V * \ You tell of fresh green meadows, Of upland, hill, and glade, Of the many merry sisters, And the still and pleasant shade ; Of fragrant flowers around you, li Of a laughing, noisy brook, Tripping gaily at your foot all day, H Reflecting ovory look. ^ 1 You say you'll havo sweet music K With the early morning light, I That the nightcngnles will cheer us Through nil the summer night; t That the merry bird and boo I Shall my bidding do each day, j, r And ^ring me all the city news From frieuds so far away. S You say I must be lonely, t That you tromblo for my health, \ That the fresh and fragrant brocr.es (, Are worth the city's wealth ; j. But could yon see the fair young girl That ministers to me, You'd say how happy was my lot, Chcrish'dso tenderly. C There are but few to love her, jj And why ? alns, she's poor! c And tolling, toiling all the day, g She loveth me the more. ^ She smiles to see my beauty, Shell weep when 1 am dead ; . Wild sister, who will weep for you When winter bows your head. h She opes my window early, r] To give me air and sun, : y Then sitteth sadly at my side 1 . To toil till day is done; And when she rests her wear)- hands, And drops a tear on mo, ' My sweetest fragrance I impart, li And cheer her gratefully. V The children, poor and wretched, Smile as they gaze on me, Aud often stop in passing, ^ And praise me timidly ; ^ So I cannot leave my noisy home, S. Though brighter arc your hours; a I have the love of many hearts, _ You've but Uio love of flowers. ^ My gentle mistress scoincth ill, ^ 1 sometimes thiuk she'll die ; 1 Then send the robin and the thrush, I To bear me where she'll lie; And come to me, sweet sister, ] Where sombre willows wave, j Ami, sido by side, we'll weep aud watch ^ Over her early grave. ^ Slumber Lie Soft on thy Beautiful Eye. " 1 BY X. K. IIF.RVEY. 1! Slumber lie soft on thy beautiful eye ? Spirit* whose smiles are?like thine?of tlie sky, a Play theo to sleep with their \iRion1css tl strings, SI Brighter than thou, but because they haw j wings'. I u Fair as a being of heavenly birth, j c But loving and loved like a child of the earth! g Why is that tear ??art thou gone in thy it dream, tl To the valley far off, and the moon-lighted f( 4 "tream' ? Where the sighing of flowers and the night- T engale's song Fling awects on tho wave, as it wanders a along! t Bleat be tho dream that restores them to thee, O Bat thou art the bird and the rose to me! q And now,as I watch o'er thy slumbers,alone, ^ And bear thy soft breathing, and know thee ^ mine own, k And muse on the wishes that grow in that It vale, f And the fancies we sliaped from the river's }] low tale, } I blame not the fate which has taken the rest, Since it left to my bosom the dearest and . best! II 8hnnbcr lie soft on thy beautiful eye! t Love bo a rainbow; to brighten the sky ! Obi not for sunshine and hope, would I part ? With the shade time ban flung over a])?but thy heart 1 Htttl art thou all which thou wert when a - chiid, Only more lioly?and only leas wild! An Oddity.?Among the pc- a onuliarities of Cavendish,the celebrated chemist and natural philosopher, was his excessive dis- ? like of women. On the author- ? ity of an old inhabitant of Clapham, it is stated that Cavendish a would never see a female serv- 1 ant, and if on unfortunate maid ti ever showed herself, she was instantly dismissed. He vm in ti the habit of ordeing his dinner o daily by a note, which he left on ii the nail table whence the housekeeper was to take it; and such h was his horror of the sex, that tl ttoring one day met the maid ? servant on the stairs with tl % broom and pail, he immediate Jkp ordered a back staircase to be ii stiib*, \ HUMOROUS. : A SAW LOO BLIND: Olt, POKER OUT W%E S T. ( 1 BY FRANK WEBBER. There is a retired village with11 the limits of Prairiedom, well ' | mown to all who have gazed ipon tbe beautiful scenery amid niich it lies cradled, like a icarly drop of dew in the blush- . ng bosom of the rose. Upon a iluff, gently rising from an is- 1 and-dotted river, it is built, a 1 luffing, steam-driven saw mill, s the only sound that rises above J be gentle plash of the pebble- 1 ;issing waters, and the bcc-like ! >um of business. But we cannot pause to feast he eye upon the beautiful in ' lature, for it is of a stone-ware louse, that stands conspicuously n the aforesaid town, and of cenes that arc said to have ranspired therein, that wo 1 vould speak. Long this reccpacle of produce, freight, &c\, cmaincd unoccupied, and as its ipper story was easy of access, nany a wanton boy has taken tiinsclf quietly from the shelter ' >f tbc parental roof, when the 1 jood dame; with night-cap 1 losely drawn over her well aved locks, was snoring a shril reble to her beter-half s deep >ass,there carefully pursued 'the listory of the four Kings, illusrated with engravings, and >ound in fifty-two volumes.' ! lie young scoundrels, though rerc sometimes detected, when he blind was a boat. But others, also are said to .nve then and there produced 1 ike documents, which, hv thn I . ?7^ "7 < ?ray, arc not admi.sablc in cviicncc, and closely studied the arts thereof that treat upon a J ertain science known by the iniquc name of 'Poker,1 report j ays that even one of the patri- 1 rchsofthc village, one Deacon i , oft-times might have been , ound there having a ' little |( ;unic,' with a long-visaged, not} einarkably handsome and moral riend of his, whom 1 shall call ' Jen, though that is not his name >y a long chalk. Now, both of nesc personages, and to the candal of the town be it spoken, | or circulating such stories, are, nd ever have been, above reiroach, though not, if we credit he gossip, above taking a <juiet ' ittle set down. Both, also, had ong been engaged upon a pubic work that was then non est; nd one,the worthy Deacon, was he rightful owner of a large tock of tools, to wit : ('rowtars. wheel-burrows snw-lo?r>i 1 ^?, Vn' \ nd mi old, dilapidated }>air of < umbrous^truek-wheels. ' Well, one night, ns the story i < oes, (for L 4but tell the tale us i t was told to me,') the Deacon < nd his friend lien, forgetting .? jr a time their morals, and for- ] etting each other's faults,quiet- i Y proceeded to the old ware- i ouse, and stealthily crawled up 11 he stairs. Seated upon a box, j ] >ne produced a candle, and the 1 \ ther a greasy deck, and soon ; i hey were deep in the enjoy- ' lent and mysteries of the game. 1 itcadily they played at a dime i ntc, and a dollar better, till the 1 uiids of the Deacon were all ex- < laustcd, and he was forced to 1 >olt the game or ante up tools. I 4A crow-bar ante!' shouted he, nwardlytnathcmatising his bad | uck, and all the card-makers in i he universe. I Off the curds were dealt, and i he hands were raised, 4I chip,' wits the response of i lis winning friend. ] 1A crow-bar better than you,' j 'I see that, and raise it a half.' , tA i-? ?i? ^ ii utm.uiu iiuitvi-M It gCXMl, |1 nd I go a wheelbarrow better.' ] T call you" , The hands were shown, and i gain the Deacon was minus.? < till on, however, went the j fame, and still the cards were 1 gainst him, and his stock of < are and barrows dwindled down j ill but few remained. ] Again the cards were being 1 hurtled, when the countenance i f the Deacon became less fk^wn- < ag, and lit up with a new hope, i &aw-lou blindT mIiAuo**! ? e, and he rubbed his hands in i he excess of his delight, he < sized the pictures and raised 1 hem. j A moment both sat still, gaz- < ig at the cards, for both had ^ plcndid hands, and then Ben, a < \ juaint and unusually silent one, whispered: 'I see that blind!' 'I make it good and raise it a crow-bar,' fairly halloed the Deacon, he was certain of success md nervous with anticipation. 'Two better than you,' 'Five wliecl-burrows better than you.' 'Ten than you.' 'Twenty than you,' llow long the game would iiavc progressed in this manner it is difficult to determine had not the Deacon's barrows giver out. Still he was not to br h 11 liwl l\nf rrno 1 tnmwl in nlnxr lite IVI1V\I? MUt ?? UO MVU11V4 i-V |/?UJ 111C hand for all lie was worth, and again shouted: 'Forty saw logs better!' 'Twenty barrows than you, quietly responded Ben. 'Fifty logs than you.' 'A hundred bars than you.' But at this exciting stage o: the game the Deacon's logs hat nlmost failed, and lie knew 1101 what to ante up for a sight.? Despair for a moment rested 01 his features, turning them uj ilark as night. But a luck) thought forced itself upon hu over-heated brain at the momeni and a smile, bright as the noon day sun, lit up his face as lit shouted : 'Bars, barrows, logs, true! wheels and all, I call you!' 'What have you gotV' queried the sober-faced Ben. 'Four Kings!' replied thcDca Gpn, triumphantly terowing his hand, and holding up his lieac with the air of a conqueror. 'They ?.l?'t good.' 'Aint good! fairly screaincc the thunderstruck Deacon.? 'What the (and he almos swore,) have you got?' 'Got? Only four little om ijwts!1 How the Deacon slept that night it would be hard to deter mine, ane ever since, when ques tioned, he dare not deny the truth of the story, but naturally drops his head when he replies 'There may be some truth in it for my barrows and bars are al gone! Report says he did not slum her well, however, on the night in (juration, and during all tin dark hours his worthy spouse was awakened by a voice like thunder bursting upon her ears t lie words of which soundcc strangely like, 'Ren! a saw log blind, and i wheel-barrow better?' Misplaced Comfidence. Jones is, in general, a goot husband and a domestic man Occasionally, however, his con iriviul tastes betray liim into ex 2esses which have subjected bin more than once to the discipline it* Mrs. Jones. A few night* iincc he was invited to 'partici pate1 with a few friends at Flo rence's, by way of celebration ol a piece of good luck which had befallen one of his neighbors. He did participate, and to hit utter astonishment, when he irose to take his leave, at the wee short hour ayont the twi light,1 he found the largest brick in his hat he ever saw. Indeed, be was heard to remark solilo rpicntly/I thing, Mr. Jones, yor were never quite so tight be fore.' lie reached his home finally, but by a route which was any thing but the shortest distance between points, not, however, without having experienced \ery considerable anxiety about the reception which awaited liim from Mrs. Jones. He wa* in iuck that night, wua Mr. Jones, barring always his primal transgression; he got into hu house, found his way iuto hit chamber without 'waking a crca ture?not even a mouse/ Aftei dosing his door, he cautiously paused to give thanks for the conscience unde filed,' which se uured to Mra. Jones the sound irwl r(>lr<H:l)ili(V ulllin)?Ai?a MrUw.l. ? ?? VII ? I'liiia^ f7l(liut/vin TV JIIVsIJ aad prevented her from taking fiotice ofhis arrival. Being sat tttied that all waa right, he proceeded to remove his in teguments with as much dispatch uid quiet as circumstances vould permit, and in the course >f time, sought the vacant place t>ewde his slumbering consort. \fter resting a moment, and congrodulating himself that he vas in bed, and that bis wife lid not know.how long ho had # been there, it occurred to him that if he did not change his position, Mrs. Jones might detect . from his breath that he had been Dl ) i indulging. To prevent such a dej i catastrophe, he resolved to turn over, lie had about half accomplished his purpose?we are ' now obliged to use the idiomatic DU] language of Mr. Jones himself, from whom wc received this DE1 chapter of his domestic t rials? i i?i \r? l u nun lura. uuiit'o ha up in the bed, and, in a tone that i scraped the marrow all out of i my bones, said she, Jones, you - needn't turn over?you re drunk * clean through.' 1 -r .PROSPECTUS , J \ OF THE LANCASTER LEDGER! Tlio ledger is the title of a new paper, f published every Thursday Morning, at Lanl easter, C. II., S. C. This paper is neutral ^ in Polities; advocating the caese of no party; P? bnt devotod to the propagation and advance- tin inent of nil inoasurcs which will prove of benefit to the. District and State. The, follow5 ing extract froin our Salutatory in our first 7 number will explain more fully our position: ^ "Tito Lr.ix.kn will be nn independent pat per, devoted to News, Commerce, Literati-re, &c.; advocating nil measures which inj we eoncuive will be of benefit to the District; ?tc disclaiming all connection with any party jj,, or clique?firmly and zeal ously devoting our or> energies to those matters which servo to pro- (, mote the welfare and happiness of our peo- r pie. 1 f>5 1 pi Several years ago, the two prominent poli- , tical parties of the State were Whig and Dentocrat?now Secessionists and Co-operationists. The former advocating the separate nationality of South Carolina; the latter,in CI case of a division of the Union, to have the (,f co-opcrntioh of all, or some of the slave-hold- yy ing States, llosides the.se two great parties, we have in the State, although in the ininor#i... it?: i . < . it. . ] iij, mi- uniuu party, wnu urn opposed 10 I I | Secession under any circumstance*, believ- tui _ I ing our wrongs are exaggerated, that we 00 . have no cause to complain of the federal Government, and that we had better remain as wo are. Then, again, we have n party, 0 (though, we are glad to any, thctf numher is ^ small,) who aro violent Secessionists; th' ir . creed is Secession under any circumstances; t they way they are tirid of the Union, and never mind what conc'ssion* the General Kl Government might make, they would rather to - bo out of the Union than in it?that once To > South Carolina becomes a separate and in- |lo dependent government, nt once commences r her prosperity, her greatness, and her power. ; A beautiful lawofPolitical Economy is, that aeeordjup to the supply of an article, so will stc ' be tlrfraemaud; anil according to the labor tni 1 so will be t.'ic cost; thus, by a nicedistrihu- an tion. each one who labors, never mind what [,y his labor may be npplied to, so will be his w( " remuneration; directly as the remuneration t, is not suflicicnt for the labor, the laborer seeks some other branch of industry to ap- *," ' ply his labor to. *' a ) It is impossible for man to regulate the ? * price to be paid for the labor of uhlacksmith, a carpenter, or a field hand?it Walso ub- is ? surca that any limn can say what the price I of corn will be next year. No monopoly can place a fixed price upon the productions of the earth. Now, we are inclined to think tli: I that so much that is said in relation to the withdrawing of South Carolina from the tio Union, and rice versa, docs but little good, and is productive of much harm. NVe are jt an excitable people, nn hereditary gift derived from our Anglo-Saxon ancestors; and in matters involving so much as this docs, ,WI i should be left to the calm, sober, reflecting mind, unaided by tbo excitable anathemas wl . of hot-headed politicians. Our people _ know if they are wronged ? if they trs feel that they are?seek redress, and if satis* faction is not given, then consider well the wj l next step. But this running blindly into any 4 course which party spirit would induce others ^ iviywi 1VU IUIU, in wurac I Will IOOllsll, lintl "" 5 such impetuosity is always attended with irreparable injur)-. Patience is not submis- wl sion; enthusiasm is not patriotism. It is but rigid and proper that tho people tri f should have all the information which can be | given in relation to onr national matters? U)J1 tlds we will do. AH the light we can give, shall be given. Nothing will be withheld .. . w hich can in any way instruct our people in political afburs. Prejudiced in favor of noi' ther pnrtv, w*e will carefully lay before our n* ; readers all matters pertaining to our Federal grievances, and let them judge for them- usi selves. If they believe it better to remain as I we an*, fearing we niny nmko bad worse, so an be it; if, on the other hand, they find we 1 should secodo from the Union, then let them so decide. Usl I Although the agitation which lias existed . for the past ^'ear between the two parties 001 has now subsided,'and although it is the general opinion that the forthcoming Convention will not recommend secession in direct nppo1 sition to tho declared voice of the people in bit " October last, when the election for members ? to tho Southern Congress was held drnounc- voj imj secession ; still, it is not our purpose to J advocate the policy of cither party, and we . I mention this that in case the Convention doos ^ recommend Seeoaaiion, we do not mean to dictate to the people what course they hud I hotter adopt, but merely recommend them to ) bo calm and watchful. These |>arty strifes if 1 alienate friend from Wend, brother from ' brother, and lather from son, and so far we 1 aee nothing It has accomplished towards ae. cession. We have much to do tumides engaging in political strifes, the elevation of nhl I that w hich leads to our social, physical and monu advancement, should Ik* our chief no . thought, and let ua exemplify by onr action* that nrmncMM which is the huao of patriotiam. en ' A (though tho Ix'djjer has but just com, mrnccd ita career we arc rapidly obtaining for HubacrihvrN from all parta ; not only in dif' forent sections of our own State, but in , [ Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Florida, Tex- 1,1,1 as, &u\ Thus affording to advertiaemcnta in its columns, an extensivo circulation in Ut ; many of the Southern States. pei No paper will be sent out of the limits of ? . the State unless the prico of subscription i* paid first or some person here takes the res- i possibility upon himself. Jr. Although we are anxious to get a* many tin I * ___? ?.111 .1 ... UW ninira at w? rail, mil Ul? pUD!IftfUBg ?T u" ! a newspaper require* no little out lay .and ftee* > tonus will b? strictly observed in every ease. TlW of Hubacription, par year fl [ in advance, |l 90 if paid within 6 months J t or $3 00 at the end of the year, all R. 8. BAILEY, i Editor and Proi'iiietoh. Mail Arrangements. Camden Mull. 5 MONDAY, WEDNESDAY, AND FRIDAY, T' At 8 o'clock, P. M. n< 'ARTS TUESDAY THURSDAY, A SATURDAY, is At 7 o'clock, A. M. tl Ol Charlotte nail. m B MONDAY, WEDNESDAY, AND FRIDAY, H< At 8 o'clock, J'. M. I'ARTS TUESDAY, THURSDAY, A SATURDAY, tl At 7 o'clock, A. M. ( ti Concord nail. ^ DUE THURSDAY, AT 0 P. M. 3 DEPARTS FRIDAY, AT 0 A. M. J tl Winsboro' nail. DUE SATURDAY, AT 0 P. M. n DDI*ARTS THURSDAY, AT 4 P. M. b C Chcatorvillc null: c DUE WEDNESDAY, AT 5 P. M. DEPARTS SATURDAY, AT 11 A. M. || '1 Ch?**tci*?i<>ld C. II. mail: J ,Ij DUE SATURDAY, AT 10 A. M. DEPARTS TlIRRSDAY, AT 4 A. M. I All letters must bo deposited by 8 o'elk * M., to ensure their departure by next til. J. A. IIASSELTINE, P. M. J The Travel lor Ciuidc. ! ROUTES FROM CHARLESTON. i From Charleston to New York?Leav- 1 ? daily at 0 1-2 o'clock, P. M. By f amor to Wilmington, 180 miles; by ^ tilroad to Weldo.i, f02 nil!**; to Pet- 4 d.urg, 00 ; to Richmond, 22, to Aequia | eek, 70; by Steamer to Washington, c 1; by Railrond to Baltimore, 40; to r liladelphia, 92; to New York, 87. To- M I distance, 771 miles. Time 00 hours. J ire $20. 4 The Southerner, Steamship, leaves t tarleston every tenth day after the 27th April, at 4 o clock, I'. M. Through in 1 1 hours. Fare, with state room, $25. 1 From Charleston to l'hiiadeljthia?The ! iprcy leaves Charleston every other Sa- t rday, at 4 o'clock, I'. M. Through in j 1 hours. Fare $20. From Charleston to Few Orleans? 4 living daily at 10 o'clock, A. M. By * uth Carolina Railroad to Augusta, 130 ; ilcs; by Georgia Railroad to Atl".;.*a, t J; by Macon and Western Railroad to | ittin, 42; by .Stage to Gjrelaka, 95; by t tilroad to Montgomery, 03 ; by steamer . Mobile, 331; to New Orleans, 106.? ? ital distance, 1,006 miles. Time, 123 urs. Fare $39,50. 1 From Charleston to New Orleans, via ( .........1. ... .. . 1 1 ? ?? > niiimii, imiij iii u i) ckx'K, .A. .M. l?y I miner to Savannah, 140 miles; by Con- t il Railroad to Macon, 11)0; by Macon ( <1 Western Railroad to llurneaville, 40; I stage to Opelaka, 100; by Railroad to sntgoiuery, 05; by steamer to Mobile, ' 1; to New Orleans, 100. Total distco, 1,002 miles. Time, 77 hours.? ! ire $30,50. j LEGAL HATES OF INTEREST, J TIIE DlKEKltENT STATES i TERRITORIES. 1 M nine, 0 j?or cent; forfeit of the claim. ? New Hampshire, 0 per cent; forfeit of | riiv the nmuont unlawfully taken. i Vermont, 0 j?cr cent; recovery in acu and costs. * Massachusetts, 0 per cent; forfeit of j rice the usury. Rhode Island, 6 ja?r cent; forfeit of the ury and interest on the debt. Connecticut, 6 j?or cent; forfeit of the lole debt. r New York, 7 per cent; usurious con- j lets void. i New Jersey, 7 per cent; forfeit of the lole debt. > Pennsylvanid, 0 per cent; forfeit of the 1 lole debt. 1 Delaware; 0 j>er cent; forfeit of the j iolc debt. j Maryland, 0 per cent, on tobacco con?ct 8 ; usurious contract* void. Virginia, 0 per cent; forfeit double the ] ury. North Carolina, 0 per cent; contracts ' usury void; forfeit double the usury. r South Carolina, 7 jkt cent; forfeit of crest and premium taken, with costs. f Georgia, 8 per cent; forfeit thrice the * ury. I Alabama, 8 per cent; forfeit interest 1 l - XI <1 usury. Mississippi, 8 per cent; by contract 10; t iiry recoverable in action tor debt. Louisiana, 5 per cent; Hank interest 0; { utract 8; beyond contract, interest void, t Tennessee, (J per cent; usurious conict* void. * Kentucky, 0 j>cr cent; usury recovcrn- ' ! witb costs. Ohio, 0 per cent; usurious contracts " . . i Indiana, i\ per cent; a tine of double 5 excess. | Illinois, 0 per cent; by contract 12; yrond forfeits thrice the interest. Missouri, 8 per cent; by contract 10; r, H'yond, forfeit of inten-st and usury. Miciii^an, 7 per cent; forfeit of usury * 1 of debt. Arkans.'is, fl per cent, by agreement 10; try recoverable, but contract void. 1 >i*trict of Columbia, 0 per cent; usu- , us contract* void. t Florida, 8 per cent; forfeit interest and i seas. 1 Wisconsin, 7 percent; by contract 12; feit thrice the excess. Iowa, by agreement, and enforced by * r. ? (>n debts of judgment in favor of the t lited States, interest is computed at 0 r cent ]?er annum. Wanted Immediately, a Good steady lad from fourteen to |L sixteen years of ago as an appren- f a to the Printing buaincsa. Apply at _ a office. ( WOOD SHOPr ; rHE Hubseriber has moved near the ? Presbyterian Chutvh and will do r work in his line on moderate terme^ind I >uld be thankful for tlie public pat ran- i 8. TIM RODGKR8. Feb 12 ?t I ' iHi IMPORTANT NATIONAL STATISTICS. Aokiuultukk, Population, a-nd Masc- 1< icturks?The Report of J. C. G. Ken- c ady, Esq., the Superintendent of the Census, * one of the most valuable documents of c le day. It abounds with fact* and'figures ' i) important subjects, derived from the most c nthentic sources. We proceed to netise jmo of the most interesting: The Population of the Union.?Asniwinjr ic population of California to be 155,000, which wedo partly by estimate,) and omit- ] ng that of Utah, estimnred at 12,000, the j jtal number of inhabitants in the United ] Hates was, on the 1st of June, 1850,23,2-10,- ] 01. Tho absolute increase from tho 1st of ] .Oirt I 1 / 1?1! O.lO Il.o OA , 11110, I0 1U, VMM DOCII U,1 ?u,oin, vuu tnu WVnal inenoa.se per cent. is 36.18. lint it lins oen shown thnt the probable amount of ouulation acquired by additions of territory hould be deducted in making a comparison etween tho results of the present and last enaus. These reductions diminish the toal population of the country, as a basis of omparison, to '23,074,301, and tho increase o 6,004,848. The relative increase, uftor his allowance, is found to be 35.17 per cent. The aggregate number of whites in 1850 9,(510.306, exhibiting a gain upon tho nuuixt of the same class in 1840 of 5,423,371, Jid a relative increase of 39.29 per cent. Jut excluding tho 153.000 free population opposed to have been acquired by the adlition of territory since 1840, the gain is i,270,371, and the increase per cent is 37.14. The Slaves The number of slaves by the iresent census, Is 319,2s,':, which shows an ncrease of711,085, equal to 29.59 per ccet. f we deduct 19,000 for the probable slave lopulation of Texas in 1810, tho result of he comparison will be slightly different The absolute increase will be 692,085, and he rate per cent. 37.83. The Free. ('otnrcH.?The number of free olored in 1850 was 528 637 ; in 1840, 386,545: The increase in this class has been 12,392, or 10.95 per cent. The increase.?I'Yom 1830 to 1910 the intense of the win,!? population was at the ate of 32.67 per cent. At the nn.1'0 rate of | idvaiicciuent, the absolute, gain for the ten 'cars last past would have been 5.078,333. >r 42(5,515 less th in it li .s been, without including the increase consequent upon addiions of territory. Area <f the States.?Taking the thirty-one States together, their area is 1,486.870 square niles, and the average number of their inlabitauts is 1,549 to the square mile. The otnlnroaof the. United Ktatos is 3,229.000 iquare miles, and the average density of poinlation is 7.219 to the square mile. The Mirrtality of the Union.?The statisies of mortality in the census year represent he number of deaths occurring w ithin the rear as 320,194 : the ratio being as one to 726 of the living population, or as ten to sach 726 of tho population. The ratio of nortulity in this statement, taken as a w hole, teems so much less than that of any portion :f *UrOP0, that it must, at present, be revived w ith some degree o!\.!!v*v >ncc. The Manufacturers.?'I he entire capita! nv.I i? ?K,, i Mrioiie i, ?nf' ,,|iir..ru in tlm Juited States, on the 1st <>f Juno, 1850? ?ot to include any establishment producing ess than the annual value of $500?amountsi in round numbers to ?U>30,000.000; value >f the raw material $35n.<H.".),000; amount >aid for labor $240,000,000; value of mutiuhctured articles $ 1,020,30U,000 number of HTaons employed 1,050.000. The Agriculture.?Value of firming imdements $151,820,273; livestock 552,700,138; bushels wheat lo 1.700,230; Indian orn 591,580.053; |K>tmds of tobacco 109.>32,494; ginned cotton, bales, 2,174,214; K>undn of butter 412,202,280; pounds of ihecso 103,184,585: tons of li.iy 13.805,384 ; ons ofheiup 02,182; bushels of lla\ seed >07,749; pounds of maple sugar 32,759,203; ihds. of cane sugar 31!) <! 11; home-made nanufactures 1*27.525.515. Cotton Hoods of ike I'?ion.?Capital inrested $74,501,031; value of raw materials $31,835,050; male hands employed 33,150 ; em ilc ditto 59,130; value of entire products >1,809,181. Woolen Hood* of the t'nion.?Capital in ested $28,118.850 ; pounds of wool used 10,802,829; tons of coal 10 870; value of the aw material $25,755,980; male hands cmiloyed 22,878; female ditto 10.574; value >f entire products $43,207,555. The Iron Trade of the I 'nion.?Capital Inrested iu pig iron $17,340 125; value of enire products 12,748,777: eapitol invested in astings 17,410.301; value of entire proluets 25,108,155;capital invested in wrought ron 14,495,220; value of the entire products 10,747,074. Hoe's Cast Steel, Oiroular and Long Saws. rHE Subscribers manufacture from the best Cast Steel, CIRCULAR HAWS, ram two inches to five feet in diameter. Pheso Sawn an-carefully hardened and tem- j >ered, and are ground ami finished by ma iinn'iy i??r inr |#urjH??H% ind are therefore much superior in truth and iniforinity of surface to those ground in the isual manner. They require less set. less tower to drive them, and nr- not so liable to ecoine heated, and produce n saving in the imber. Thev also manufacture Cast Steel HULL ?ITT and CROSS CUT SANVS and BI1J, 2T WKHH, of superior quality, all of which hey have for sale r.t their Ware Rooms, No*. 19 and 31, Gold street, or they may be obained of the principal Hardware Merchants n the United States. R. HOB, & CO., 'rutting Press. Machine and Haw makers, 29 and 31 Gold street. | i The following extract is from a report ' undo by a committee of scientific ami prac-1 ieal gentlemen, appointed by the American j mditutc: M Your committee arc of unanimous opin- 1 on that in the apparatus invented bv Mr. R. : >1. Hoe, for grinding Saw a, he !uih displayed 1 peat ingenuity and tact in the adaptation of j naehinery to the production of results in the ' uanuffccturo of Saws, which may with pro- , iriety be denominated the ne plus ultra of! ne art." Publishers of nuwn[>n]>ent who will insert hia advertisement three times with tlii-t note, nd forward ua u paper containing the name, rill be paid in printing materials, by purehaing four times the amount of their bill, for hia advertisement. Now York. 1.3 ^ Blaoksmithlng. I ' | TUE subscribers 11 ave opened aSmitlis' . Shop in the village of Lancmlcr, < >n the corner back of the Jail, formerly ?cu pied by Scott, (free l*>y)nnd they )?n>niae to have work clone in the best of itvle, na their smith is a 1 at nil kinds >( work in his line, having had two proan < 'xperionoe in Charleston. Prices will ho , noderate to auit the times. The subacri en will be thankful for tho public patron* i go. JAM ICS SCOTT, TIM BOOHRS. Feb. 10 Ot 2 THE Cf/VTO* CHOI', The following U*W*v from the NeW <V-" ?an? Trice Current/ gives a moat intltr- ' wtin g statement of the cotton ex porta tt ho Union for tho past thirty year*.- Tjkf rop of 1851', it will be seen, watr worth' noro than 940,000,000 over the" ifcwt alunblo crop ever raised before:- ' Statement showing amount, vnhlb" and average price per lb. of cotton'erffaned ' from tho United States frtom lttoi to* 1851 inclusive: , Total Av'gf'fMro fears; lbs. - Valor. lb. 3 >824 124,89:1,101 21,167,480 1*2* 1822 144,070,095 23,035,058 1&8 173,723,270 20,445,520 H.8 1824. . 142,309,003 21.947,401 10.4 ih2v..,. ?ifi jj<i ?wj n:umaio on n ?W.W _ 1820 ?tv.A8WI,r) 25,0254*14 1*2 1 1827 2$MlO,116 20,369,546 l6 ' 1 182 8 2 >0,5901*103 22,487,229 10.1 L 182!) U??,837,i8? 2ei?, /.?,.< 11 1& M 183 0 2WM*0,H)J 29,674,882 A* B 183 1 2IO.jr79.79l 25,218),492 S>.f 1832 322.216,122 31,724,682 9> B 183 3 323,798.401 *6tfbl,105 |l?l 1 1834 384,717.907 49,448.499 1*8 1 183 6 397,368,992 0?,fffW,3Wr N** 1830 423,031,307 7#,?4>,*J26 itf* 1 1837 444.212,537 G3,240,A)fl' lVV 1838 695,952,397 01,556,8>/ lf.W* 183 9 413.621,312 61.228,98# >6.** 184 0 743,941,001 03,870,307 184 1 630.204,100 51.330,341 10.^ 184 2 581,711,017 17,592.104 8.1 184 3 793,297,105 49,119.806 0.2 184 4 003.033,455 54,007.601 - 8.1 1845 872,900.990 01,789,643 6.M/W 1846 647,558,055 42,707,341 7 841 1 , 1817 527,219,958 53.415,848 IftJO I 1848 814,274,431 01,998,293 til 1819 1,020,002,209 07.390,907 tf.4 185 0 635,381.004 71,984.616 11.3 185 1 927,237,089 112,315^317 l&ll Rank of the United State*, ACCORDING TO THEIR IWVI.ATIOT, WITU TT1K cahtol or each state. S/afrt i^Rank Ptfj). 1850.1 Ctrpilmlt. * New York...! 3.079.OO0' Albany. Pennsylvania.. 2,412,00011 Iarri?uurg> I Oliio 1.977,000;('olunibu?, Virginia 1,4 81,000! Richmond, Tennessee... 1,003,0001 Nashville. Kentucky... 1 .002,000: Frankfort. M Massachusetts 993,000 Boston. ,9 Indiana 0*9.000 Indianapolis. v Georgia. | 879,000> M il I edge v il le. N'th (Carolina. 809,000 Raleigh. Illinois 852,000 SnringficM. .tlahama 772,000 Montgomery. Missouri .... 684,000 Jefferson City. Nth Carolina. 665.000 Columbia. Mississippi... 593,000 Jackson. Maine 683,000 Augusta. Man land.... 6o??,C90 Annapolis. . I ?.>? /.aa'kt /VJ &n/iuniaua [ WljUWjl^CW V/TIC*UIS. New Jersey.. -100,000 Trenton. Michigan ... I 390OOO1 Detroit. vj Connecticut...J 371.00'J.VHaven &. Ht'fd. N. Mumpshire' 318,000 Concord. Vermont 311,000 Montpclicr. 1 Wisconsin... 301,000 Madison. Arkansas.... 208.000 1 -ittlo Rock. California...* 200,000 San Joaof Vallejo; I Iowa 102 000 lows City. H Texas 188.000 Aui;tin. I Rhode Island.. 148.0oo Providence, Ac. Delaware.... 92,0oo Dover. Florida HS.Ooo Tallahassee. TerritorioaAo ltfl,OooJ - fl Indi'ns.5tJtr'ba 300,000, Total popul'n 23 193.000- |i LEGISLATURES OF THE STATES. I Political complexion nnd time of meet- I ing <>f the Legislature.-* at the seats oil gov- I eminent: I Stairs Mnj. tf L'g. Time of Meeting.. ' Alabama*. .Uuion(Dem) 2d Monday in Nov-' -V Arkansas* Dem 1st 44 44 California Dem 1st 44 Jan' Connecticut Dem 1st Wednca'y Msy I Delnwnrc* Dem 1 st Tuesday Jan'y J Florida* Dem 1st Monday Nov r Georgia* Union 1st 44 44 Illinois* Dein 2d Monday Janu'y Indiana Dem 2d Thursday Jan'v Iowa* Dem 1st Monday Dee'r Kentucky Whig 1st 44 44 Iamisianu* Dem 3d Monday Janu'y Maine Dim 2d Wedncs'y Jan'y Maryland Dein 1st Wednes y Jan'y I Massachusetts. Dem & F. 44 # 44 Michigan Dem 1st Monday Janu'y Mississippi*.. .Union 1st 44 44 Missouri* Deiu 1-ust Monday Dee'r ^ Hampshire..Dem 1st Wcdnesy Jooe AH New Jersey. ...Dem 2d Tuesdsy Janu'y New York.... Whig 1st 44 * NorthCarolina* Dem 3d Mondsy Nov'r Ohio* Dem 1st 44 Jan'y Pennsylvania. .I)cm 1 st Tuesday Janu'y ' I Rhode Island. . Dem May and October HouthCnrolina.Heecss'n -1th Monday Nov'r Tennessee*. ...Whig 1st 44 Oct Texas* Dem December I Vermont Whig 2d Thursday Qrt'r j Virginia* Dem. 1st Mondsy Deer' Wisconsin.. .W. & F. S. 1st 44 Jan. *In the States marked, witli asterisk, tho legislatures meet biennially. t GOVERNORS OF STATES AND < TERRITORIES. (Democrat* in Roman; Whigt in ItmKc#.)> STATES. COVKHNORS. SALARIES. Alabama Henry W. Collier.. .?3,500 * Arkansas John H. Roano 1,800 ' California. John lligler 10,000 ' f , Cyniiecticut.. .Thos. II. Seymour... I,10O J Delaware.... . William Ross 1,313 ' ad Florida Tlumas Brtien 1JI40 ' < j Georgia 1 lo'.vcll ('obh........ 1000 ' ' I Illinois. Aug. C. French 1AOO' Indiana J cm. A. Wright 1,300' ^4 low*. Stephen Hempaleod .. l.OOO' I Kentucky lauaroa W. Powell. .7J*tu ' 1 l-ouwinna .... .Joaeph Walker 0,000* \ Maine Jolia Hobfanl l,U0l>* >1 Maryland Enoch L. I .owe 3.600' MnHM.ichtinetta . Geo. 8. Rontwell 9JMO' Michigan John H. Bam l^ftOO * I Misxiaaippi Henry 8. Foot? 3,000 * J Missouri. Auntin A. King IMMO * New Hampshire. Samuel Diantoor 1^00' I Now Jeraey.... George F. Fort liOQO ' New York WathinuUm Ihmt.... 1,000 ' North Carolina.Dnvld 8 Reid *000 ' M Dhio Rmben Wood IJOo ' fl Pennsylvania ..William Bigler ,1/WQ'' 1 Ivhoda bland... Philip Allan .dig ' |l South Carolina. John H. Menns r?nne?Moe IVm. H. Campbell.., .tvMW' 1 H f?XM P. H. Bell 9V0QO 9 Vermont Chat. IT. William*... .lift' 11 Virginia. Joaeph Johnson <)tS39 ^ DMMCrab 26, Whigs 1 H Tt R KlTORICa. Wisconsin;... ..Leonard J Farioril... l^lo ' (Jregon Jnhn P. (Jainct 3JM0 H Minesota Akt. Rampy.... U -2Mb-New Huiir.. .Ja?. 8. Co#'<un..,, JUfe* Utaii. BrighaniYvu:^ ^io' 1,^ Tim Governor* of Territories are appblat H| iri by the FrenWeul and Senate. '"V,