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TUE LOSS OF THE AHAZOftt i INTERESTING INCIDENTS?NOBLE , CONDUCT OF A YOUNG FEMALE ( PASSENGER MIRACITLOUS ES- , CAPE. Tho Royal Mail steam-packet Amazon I from Southampton for the West Indies,took , fire about sixty miles west of Seilley, and ( was'entirely consumed, with tho mails, offt- < cers, crow and passengers, except twenty-one | persons, viz.: Mr. Vincent, a midshipman, j seventeen of the crew, and two passengers, < who succeeded in getting off in one of the s boats, and were picked up after being by her ] twelve hours. The total number of persons i on board is said to hnvc been one hundred ] and fifty-five. The fire is supposed to have , originated from spontaneous combustion. TKa Amnvnn n*nu nr? fior firuf Vrtvnrrn lw? w j ing the pioneer steamer of the new line re- . cently projected between Southampton nnd j tho Isthmus of Panama, intended to convoy I the English mails from port to port, undalso j to touch at the Island of St. Thomas on her trips. She was built in a most suburb manner, with capacious accommodations, and j machinery designed to enable her to make tho voyage in eighteen days, instead of consuming twenty-five days, the ordinary running time of the old English mail steamers i now on that line. She went to sea on the j 2d of January, amid the cheers of thousands who had assembled to witness her departure, ! and who little expected the final catastrophe | which was so soon to follow. The mass of j coal, 1133 tons, which she carried, took fire, I it is said, from spontoneous combustion. She had on board ?20,000 sterling in specie, and 600 bottles quicksilver, valued at ?6,160. This is one of the most deplorable catastrophes in the annals of ocean steam ; navigation. The foundering of the President with all on board, is the only case equally distressing; even then the number of passengers was not so great. Wo take the following incidents of this terrible catastrophe from a letter in the the I London Times: The steamer Grand Turk, Capt. Smith ar- I rived here to-day, from Havre, bringing the j majority of the survivors of the wreck of tho | Amazon, who were landed at Brest on the I 5th inst. fill) 1? - ? * I HIV im-IUV-IIVl' saved uy llic milch liark, twenty-one have been brought to < Southampton. They consist of Mrs. Mac- < lennnn nnd child, and Miss Smith, pnssen- 1 gcrs; Mr. Jacob Allen, (foreman of Messrs. i Seward nnd Cnbel.) Mr. William Stone, i (fourth engineer of the Amazon,) and I Michael Gould, (the second steward,) the 1 remaining fifteen being seamen, firomcn, dtc. 1 Tlic whole of these unfortunate people who escaped, many of them in a state of semi-nudity, have evidently experioened great hardships since their providential deliverance from the burning ship, being exposed to tho inclemency of the weather, with insufficient clothing to protect them from the cold, nnd from the heavy seas . which constantly washed over thein, nearly Vieir frail boats. For forty-eight , hours they were "tossed' aliont, "HaVing TrtT provisions or water to sustain their sinking spirits, end being almost left to despair of ever reaching a port in safety. Some of the men look very ill, and bear the appearance of having undergone much suffering and trinls. When nearly ready to give up their painful and almost hopeless task at the oars the men were sustained and prompted to fresh efforts by the kind and cheering words of the ladies, whose |>ninful situation, destitute of all comforts and necessaries, it is almost imoossihli" tr? r II-"1""1 The sufferers were received and treated at Brest with the utmost kindness, end hospitality, both by the French authorities and also by the British Consul and English residents. At Havre the English residents made a subscription to the nmount of nearly ?'20 for their benefit, with which to supply their most pressing necessities. The escape of Mrs. Macl<>nnnn was almost a miraculous one?she was twice separated from her child, an infant of tender age; yet the courage she displayed in recovering itt in the inidst of the scones of horror attending the rapid conflagration of the ship, show the enduring love of a mother, which no circumstances of danger to herself could cause i her to forget. Wu regret to ndd that the ] husband of Airs. Maclennan is among the 1 fearful list of the missing by this terrible 1 catastrophe. Shejiowover, entcrtair.g n firm 1 conviction that Mr. Maclennan escaped in i one of the boats which has yet to Iks ac- 1 counted for, and wc understand expresses ( an expectation that he may yet be heard of. | Maclennan is severely bruised, and her 1 heuh. jg considerably shaken by the fearful ( suffering -v. t? ? - nilKH mm HUM pUMSCU. On landing.^ Southampton to-day, she was 1 powerfully nt\v>ted. Sho was met by her i brother-in-law, aw U-ft Southampton to join 8 her relatives by the KrPC o'clock train. Miss Smith, the oth. f,,ma5i> ,wUJHen|Wr, ? had displayed a heroism intrepidity 1 throughout theso painful went. whi?jh place C her almost in the rank of Gnat Darling. ' She. is a very prepossessing young nn(j * we understand took a passage by the av(1_ ^ sen to join a family in Porto Rico, witi, > whom she had obtained the nppointmeut of t, governess. Miss Smith states that, after i having retired to rest on the eventful night j she was aroused by a sudden noise and a ' cry of uFire P She rushed out of her birth 1 father night-dress, but was met by somo gentleman, who conducted or carried her j back to her cabin, enjoining her not to bo , alarmed, as the flames would soon be sub- t ducd. From the increasing confusion, sho, ] however, thought it best to provide for her f own safety, and accordingly obtained pos- t session of a blanket and a petticoat, (snatch- ( ing up the first articles at hand,) and rushed ( upon tho deck. The appearance of matters ' there, it appears, impressed her with the 4 conviction that Capt Symon a had lost all ' control over his crew, who were rapidly lawiwhtng the boats sad getting away from t the ship as fast aa they could. Mies Smith, therefore, formed the resolve i f saving her own life if powdblc, and set * % shout if with a coolness quito extraordinary. She put on her petticoat, enveloped herself in the blanket, and then making fast one end of a ro|>e to some part of the bulwarks of the ship, and securing the other end to one of her arms, she threw herself overboard with the intention of getting into one of the boats, but, if unsuccessful in this enioavor, to remain suspended as long as she sould, and then to drop into the sea, preferring death by drowning, to tho norriblo ilternntive of perishing by fire. The flames were rapidly approaching the part of the vessel from which she was suspended, when Miss Smith, observing a favorable opportunity, threw herself into one of the boats that happened to pass near her, and which was getting away from the blazing wreck ; she fell heavily 011 one of the scats or thwarts of the boat, and one of the seamen fell upon her, lies chest being thereby severely bruised. She was, however, snatched from immediate death, but only to encounter tho horrors and uncertainties of a stormy sea and a fu . rious gale. In all the trying scenes which followed her firmness and courage never deserted her m liter, on several occasions she took lici place at the oars, and helped manfully by her bodily exertions to propel the boat. So destitute of clothing were the crew of the boat in which this young lady was a fellowsufferer, and such an entire absence was there of anything with which to make a signal, that she was obliged to take off her petticoat, in order that it might be attached to an oar and hoisted as an emblem of distress to invite the attention of passing vessels. A volume would have to be written to chronicle the incidents attending this appalling calamity, and the personal experience and observation of each survivor. To most ef them it appeared as the operation of a frightful dream, but events passed before their minds, and impressions were formed with n horrible distinctness and rapidity, which a life-time will not obliterate. The most conflicting statements are given, and the most contradictory opinions formed and advanced by the survivors, not only with reference to the primary cause of the conflagration on board the Amazon, hut also in relation to several other points connected with the discipline of the ship, the efforts that were made to subdue the flames, nnd many other matters. To none of these statements do we feel at liberty to give publicity, more than to state that all accounts unite in hearing testimony to the gallant and self-sacrificing bravery of the unfortunate Captain Sytnons, whose orders, if implicitly obeyed by the crew, there is reason to think would have provided for the safety of a far greater number than those whose names are given as having actually sun ived. Temperance Legislation. There appears to lx) a furore in many of the States for legislating against the introduction or sale of intoxicating liquors, Tiio stringent law now in force in Maine appears to have been so w holeso.tno >.v? Vis aporatioiis,, as to uttrnA attention of file friends of toinporunce in all the Kastern States. An item yesterday in our paper informed us that one branch of the Legislature of llhode Island had rejected the Maine law, which had been introduced into that body ; but we see it stated that in the New York Legislature there arc ascertained majorities in both branches in favor of even a more stringent law. Petitions urging the suppression of tippling houses, signed by 115,000 persons, have also been presented to the New York Assembly. We also notice in the proceedings of the Louisiana Legislature that (.leneral Martin has introduced into the Senate a bill interdicting habitual drunkards. This bill proposes to j>la?^; habitual drunkard* in the same position, in regard to the management of their property and their family affairs, as that which the law assigns to minors. They are to have curators, with powers of administration ; they are to be incapable of suing or being snid in their own names ; they could not be members of a corporations, nor executors or administrators of an estate. Such would l?e the legal effects of interdiction. We have not seen xne uui, and are not, therefore, able to say whether this interdiction is extended to }>oliticnl matters whether habitual drunkards are deprived of the right of suffrage, and of holding offices of honor, trust, r>r emolument, liut we presume that, on the same principle the drunkard is proliitcd from managing his own affairs, lie diould also l>e excluded from the administration of any public trust. This attempt to make sol>er men out of :he habitual drunkards by legislation is :>ut another phase of Eastern fanaticism. We are not surprised that the veteran . f em porn nee, Edward 0. Delavan, of New ifone, is opjK>sed to such enactments.? With his large experience in this great noral reform, we have no doubt that he ecs in these movements the greatest obtaclcs to its general success. They will irouse a spirit of opposition to the cause hat will reverse its wheels for yonrr to ome, and which will occasion its supporers every where to bo looked upon with uspicion. Is it to be imagined that five housand drinking shojjs in the city of lew York, and perlm])* as many more in few Orleans, in addition to those in the *iier cities and towns of these States, will ,lNnit to be deprived of their gains by 1cBpslaton | They will summon their hosts to the nllot-box, and at the elections there won a n(^ temperance men en>ugh electedtfie feeblest resistance to the larger 0f Ji^mse to these buntains of vice. "(]l0cfc, aml restraints igainst this vieo may an amplioraing effect, but Uiat stringy wh;t.], ,nay xi leiritiniatelv construed 1.. " , -w an aggreeuon on the rights of the con^,unjty wj|| lot be quietly acquiesced in. frion?L? >f temperance are treading on dat^erous pound. Let them, instead, of enae;n^ mpractioablo lawn, strike at the root 1/ his fashionable vice, by laboring to cor?ct public sentiment with regard to it.? Pablie sentiment is the source of all law, ind until that condemns this vie*-, the air erapts to force men to ahandon it will onV hrin? : ?> ' ) r ? ?I1U nimi|^uien IIS tlready too numerous hosts. ? South "arnfmirtn. >*" ' ^fjf TWO WEEKS LATER FROM CALIFORNIA. ARRIVAL OF THE DANIEL WEBSTEI New York, Fob. 13. The steamer Daniel Webster from Sni Juan, arrived nt her dock at 12 o'clock bringing San Francisco dates to tho 17th o : January, l>eing fifteen days later advicei j from California. Sho brings 121 passen gers, and $7,000 gold dust on freight. The Daniel Webster arrived at San Juai on tho 30th of January. The steamer Uni ted States also arrived there on tho snnn day, and left the following day for Chagres The Daniel Webster left San Juan on th< | 5th of February, at 2 P. M., bringing advice I brought by the steamer Independence, whicl left San Francisco nt 4 P. M. on tho 17tl i January. Tho through passengers, there 1 ; fore, of tho Daniel Webster, have been bu ' 1 26 days and 19 hours from San Franoisco t< ' | New York. Tho Daniel Webster passed on the 5th o j February an English sloop of war, bound fo > J San Juan. The steamer Alabama, at San Juan, fron i New Orleans, had been condemned as un 1 j seaworthy. 1 The steamer Falcon was at San Juai ' waiting passengers. ' The U. S. steam ship Sarannc sailed fron j San Juan for Chagros on the 27th January ' ; II. II. M. frigate Eclipse, sailed on a emits I to the island of St. Andrews on the 31st o j January. The propeller Arrogant sailed for King j ston on the 23d January. San Juan was healthy and business dull the market being overstocked with all kind; I of goods. The transit route is in excellent condition and no passengers are waiting at San Juar for passage. At San Juan de Nicaragua, on the nighl of the 4th of February, a destructive tire occurred, by which one third of the most poptilous section of the city was destroyed Among the buildings burnt was the largt : hotel known as the United States, occupied I by Messrs. S. Shepherd, Don Francisec j Gramas, and Pedro Pons; their damages, be sides a large number of houses and stores are very large. The city of Nicaragua is not supplied with fire engines, but Lieut. Armstrong and a detachment of men from the U. S. sloop-of-war Albany, did good serI vice with the shipls engine. Copt. Fordo, ol ! the English ship Express, was also present with his men, and it was chiefly through the exertions of these two forces that the lire was finally checked. The large warehouse of Do Forrest & Co, escaped. No loss of life occurred. CALIFORNIA AFFAIRS. The shipment of gold from San Francisco bv tlie mail steamer nf the lfith !? ?u c..1 I lows: For New W.rk $986,556 j Jf-vf l\ew Orleans 30,499 For I-ondon '2X1,'Ml The Golden Gate wan artvortlsed to Terft c San Francisco for Panama on tho 121st ol January. The weather in California and around San Francisco has been delightful, witli plenty of rain. There was only two night* on which tho thermometer fell to the freer., ing point. Green peas are in bloom as well as wild and garden flowers. .The absorbing political question seems tc be the election of U. S. Senator. The candidates talked off among tho Democrats art Col. Wellor, Gov. Smith, 1). C. Broderiek Col. Henley, Judge Ralston, and Gen. Anderson. The. Whigs as yet have named no t one. A new police for San Francisco has been organized, and George Casserty appointed captain and Capt. Hampton North his deputy. The steamer Isthmus, from Panama arrived on the 16th. The Indian Chief, Anthony Cnwa, who was arrested for being concerned in the outrages in South California, hod been tried and shot at Old Town, San Diego. A detachment of United St rites troops were, about to march to the Colorado, under Major Ilcintzclm.Ji. On Tuesday an injunction was laid by Judge Redman on the State oftiocrs who were about to remove the public archives from San Jose. A man, named K. Q. Adams ,latc from Philadelphia, was shot at Sacramento city on the. 12th of January, by the mother of a young girl whom he had seduced. At*er the woman had tired a shot which took effect in her victim's side, she was about to repeat the firo when she was prevented by the bystanders. He was lying in a critical condition. Great excitement exists at Downingvillciu consequence of the discovery of gold bearing quart'/, in that vicinity. Six different vtiiw have been turned "p within ten days, the ore from which is said to be exceedingly rich. A new daily paper called the Wcstoni American has been started at San Francisco, hv Frnncia F. I " *A7_i. * -J - ... . ?. w. 1TUII, JUH. ?Y. Young, C. B. Hooker and Andrew Jurnsidc. The trials of Cnpt. Wnttormnn nnd hi* mate lire still progressing on other indictments. The crew of the ship Chnllcngo were to l>e put on trial for mutiny about the middle of January. The extensive quicksilver works of Bolton, Barron & Co., are now running their furnacea, the largest of w hich yields 400 bottles per week. A remarkable sod* spring has been found near New Almcda. The difficulty as to tha State capitol is still continued, nnd in the cause of much discord. The Legislature had determined to boet at Harrainento, and assembled there ^or *>e first time on the 16th of Jauuary, and we*%wojCunu,<j wjth enthusiastic shouts by the peojv Ths meeting of the Legielature there hs* given quite an impulse to business, which ** mor* animated than H had been for ni*?f will b* Attended with the worrt consoquen- i coa. MeCntchen had boon arrested and c h^jfrd in the Wflliwbnrg jail. ( settlers' and miners' convention was j in session at Sacramento, and resolutions inviting the State officers and members of the I legislature to sents had been laid on the table. | An affair of honor is referred to in the 1 Marysvillo Herald, as having recently come ( off, the ex-Govcmor being one of the prinf ciples9 Business prospects in Murrysville were p good. A piece of gold bearing quartz, weighing n about six pounds, has been taken from the . Kentucky Ridge, near New Town. It is B supposed to contain about $'2,000 worth of L gold of the richest kind. s The papers contain Gov. Bigler's Inaugu8 rnl Address, and I.ie.uL Gov.Vanly's address, i to tho Senate. Gov. Pigler contends that the i mines should be as free as air. The steamer Gold Hunter was to leave t for Sun Juan and Panama on the 17th JanuJ nry* There were four deaths on honrd the f steamer Isthmus: Win. Collins, of Mauch r Chtfok, Pa.; Jacob Free, of Hull county, Georgia; Joseph M. Ashurst, from Union ? county, and John Orr, of Illinois. Tho ship Melon A. Miller, from Baltimore, arrived at San Francisco on tho 14th of l January. The clipper ship Comet arrived out in 101 l days. The selir. Spray, from Chili, arrived Jnnu3 ary H, reports that the ports of Valparaiso f and Coquimho, were blockaded by the Government forecs. Died at Ia>s Angelos, Dr. J. Hereford, of St. I/mis. , The Alta Californian says that the late s Indian war in the Southern portion of the State has at length terminated. The Exo, cutivo of the St ate lias issued an order to i General Gaines, commanding him to proceed immcdiatelv to Sail Diooo. nnd dWlinnrl r P ' *" "" *"V t volunteer forces called in requisition by - Gen. Deans. The Soutlmrn mines are represented as . in a flourishing condition, gold being found i in the whole range of country. The quartz 1 mines at Salt Springs are said to be the rich> est in the country. Governor McDougal in bis message, re, commends the holding of a convention for i amending the Constitution of the State, The K. Q. Adam*, previously referred to i as having hecn shot for seducing n young girl, was married to her on Friday evening f and shortly afterwards expired from tho eft fects of his wound. f? ? = . ICiiurndiT Ci%r.Lnucuxterville, s. C. i Tlfi'VW'y. v Ffclilil'AliY 10, 1852. | . ... 4BL LANCASTERVILLE. 0 Since our first visit here,which was about s %t>uM'cr.ri*s1nce?,"W"~''fcfttfte'n great ehnngej f in the general appearance of tho town. Our citizens appear to have awakened from their . I fethargy, and seem determined to show that I , Lancaster is not to bo surpassed l?y any i other of our np country towns. Every store house that can bo rented, is, I and still there is a demand for more. We notice that onr enterprising townsman, Mr. ( John Adams, has lumber ready, and will at once proceed to put up a store house next , to the one he occupies, which is to be kept , as a Drug Store. An establishment of the kind is much needed here, nr.. i. ? ? t .?i- n.ivc now in isincastcr nine dry goods j stojos. three grocery establishments, two shoo shops, one harness maker, licsides two ! I tailor shops, blacksmith shops, Sic. Them- j stores arc well kept, and goods can ho pur- ' chased here ns low at retail, as in Charles- ! , ton. Some may think it strange thnt we ' can make this declaration; hut the fact is, it , is so. Why, one can purchase goods at rc, tail, as cheap in Charleston ns in New York and Philadelphia. Why then might wc not apply the tamo rule in drawing the analogy between Lnncaster and Charleston 1 In giving our citi&?ps praise for what they have done towards improving the town, we do not wish them to understand they have done enough. By no means. There is still much room for improvement. Our sido- I walks could be much improved?fences on the main street repaired, Sic. Wc would bo doing injustice, to our energetic nnd public spirited citizen, Mr. Hnsscltine, to omit the mention of his services in this praisewsrthy movement towards the | improvement of the town. The Hotel oneo rwnod l?y Mr. Vllincs, has boon extensively modified and improved, by the exercise of good taste and energy possessed by Mr. Hnssdtine. In connection with the Catawba 1I.?U - a? t?-" ! ' ! in a iiuu iijui, wuicn is no invaluable acquisition to tho place. The Catawba House richly inoriUi the cnconiums it has j received ttom those v.,he have stopped there. We promised in our hist paper that the Ledger would be printed on Wednesday 1 night, ho that we could aupply those mails which left on Thursday morning. This we have tried to do, but were unable. We had ' every reason to believe we would have re- ' reived more assistance before now, and tbcre- 1 fore made the promise. There is no doubt ' of our having another hand by Saturday; ho 1 we truat our fttends will not be disappointed 1 again. * 1 Dear with us a little at firwt, and we prom, iae you, if we do not make the Iatdger a paper worthy of old Ismeastcr, it will not 1 rekuii irom i.ick oi perseverance nan oncr%y on our part. ' A rencounter occurred near Georgetown, ) in this State, on tiio 5th tnst., between a Mr. I Cooper MeCutcNftn, and Mr. JohnW. Star- > pesa; the latter received several stabs in ? various parte of the body, which it is feared t A serious accident occurred in Savannah on Friday last, nt the place called White Bluff. Several children were playing under the hill, when a largo portion, weighing several tons, caved in, buryiug them underneath. Two of the children were extricated by tho others who escaped, without injury; but the third, an interesting child of the Rev. Benjamin Burroughs, was so deeply buried that when she iras extricated, life was extinct. Several attempts (and soma successful) have been recently made in Charleston to dnpe tho merchants. Forged orders wero written, purporting to bo from such creditors who dealt with the merchants. Tho orders were always presented by negroes employed for the purpose, so that no clue has yet been found to arrest tho forgers. Those orders called for mackerel, smoked tongues, j choose, brandy, port wine, r.nd other {foot! tilings. An attempt was made on two of the lhinks to obtain money by forged checks; but these money keepers are hard to catch, and thus far, they have detected the forgery. A man by the name of Samuel Gary was killed a few days ago at his residence above this, 111 Union county, N. C. The cireurnstanees, us we learn, were as follows: Gary kept a tavern, or liquor shop, and several of his companions having drank too freely with him, they engaged in a fracus, by which Gary received several stabs which caused his death. At the election held in Charleston on the 12th inst., II. W. Conner, Esq.. was re-elected President of the South Carolina Rail Road Company. The lion. A. Burt is kept from his seat in Congress, at his residence in Al Vvillc, by severe indisposition. Tho Savannah papers mention tho death of the Hon- J. M. Berrien, which much to he regretted event occurred last week. Tho members of tho New York Bar are to present Mr. O'Connor, tho counsel of Mrs. Forrest, with a handsome strvico of plate, for the ability in w hirh he advocated her cause, it is said his services were gratuitous. - - ? -4 - ? Jenny Rind formerly, now Mrs. Goldsmidt, IcflBnslon with lu-r !iii?l,nti.l i.n flu, 'XL "" ...V >? IMVUI' after her marriage, for Northampton Mass., \\ here they will reside. Jenny before her marriage, had iicr silver ware marked "0"? she was determined the newspapers should not know of her intended marriage to Mr. Goldsuiidt. The following we clip from the Washington correspondence of the Charleston Courier: ' Col. Alexander Hamilton has made a publication, claiming Washington's Farew ell Address, as the property of his father. The original,known as the ('laypoole copy, is in WttjluoqglMM hnnd wriluit' that this copy is from a draft furiosi ied by Hamilton. The Colonel states that lie is able to prove this statement. The only satisfactory evidence would he the production of the draft said to have Ixwti copied by Washington and returned to Hamilton. The fact is, probably, that Washington, alter making his draft, sent it to Hamilton for his emendation and suggestions, and that lie adopted his corrections and additions. Washington's letter to l'atrick Henry, embodying some of the ssine views and sentiments as are contained in the Farewell Address, was of a date prior to the Address. Some of the ideas and phrases contained in the Address may lie found in the writings of Governor t'ownall, in regard to the prospects and future policy of America. Gov. l'ownall was Governor, at different times, of the Colonics pf South Carolina, Massachusetts, and New Jersey, and went to Kngland in 1089. There can bo no donbi that the Address was, in substance, the production of Washington's mind." Casks Revenge?About ten dnya ago, Mr. J. Cooper, a young farmer in the neighborhood of Brechin, by some means ofl'mded his dog ; and on his entering his bedroom ir. tho evening, he was rather surprised to find ids dog there, where he had never seen him before. lie went up to kirn inn friendly manner, and patted hiin, bnt received mi 11ivtiui> i?-<iguiciii in return. lit* I thought little of it, however; but on taming hrn back, the brute sprang on hiiu with fury Mining him by the thigh. Mr. Cooper having no weapon, hw only mode of defence was to attempt to suffocate his opponent by forcing his hands down his throat. By this menus he eventually succeeded in gaining the mastery, but nt the expense of Loth hands being much injured. The savage brute paid the penalty with his life, and Mr. Cooper is doing well, although it must be some time before be regains the use of his hands. Judge Cvrpcntor, of Rome, has invented a means of preventing railroad trains from running off the track. This invention consists of s middle rail, placed in the centre of nfld raised considerably sbovethe two outer rails, nnd fastened to the same cross-ties. A saddle, is attached to the engines nnd cars at both ends, which sets over the middle rail, with friction rollers to play on both sides of it, thereby preventing the ears from rocking r>r running off. Whenever them is n tendency to run off, these friction rollers play ngninst the middle rail, nnd bring them back to their plate again. It coats $600 n miln tnd an adoption of it could lx< made to as* dat trains in ascending elevated planes. Notice Givr.a.?-The United States Govrniment has given notice to that of Great Britain of the withdrawal from the postul irrangonient made by treaty some time ago. Wt require that, for Ua cancelment, one rear's notice be given by either party. At te expiration of the time the treaty may bet meeeeded by an arrangement more just and iqoal than the present one, which throws he outward mail a to the Canard line, by endering the poetage one half of the' rate | hargod in England upon a letter by the "V>1Hn? line. 1 For the Lancaster Ledger. Wc hail with pleasure tho advent of tho Lancaster ledger. It cornea to us from no party or clique, promising to devote its energies firmly and zealously "to those maitcrs which servo to promote the happiness and welfare of our people." For this purpose wc can all co-oporato, and in thus doing, wo do not make ourselves less a "Carolinian," nor do wc assume to In* the "Standard" for others. In expressing our devotion to the welfare and happiness of our people, we do not forget our allegiance to tho State,and our duty as a citizen thereof; but it is a principle of human nature that what come# near home affects us mostly ; and it is this, which our lamented Calhoun, In his essay on Government, justly observe*, makes the necessity for government. A Press within our midst, properly conducted and judiciously managed, must necessarily contribute to our convenience; to the devclopcmcnt of our mental resources: to the representation aright of the District, and will assist materially in calling forth the energies of our people in every department of the business of life. We have sometimes felt the want of a paper willing and ready to do justice to our District. When unjustly provoked we have been denied justice. We can now say:? ' Shake not your goary locks at us." To sustain such a paper, it is our duty to place our shoulders to the wheel, and, in the language of Tank, put yi our wild horses, (Two Dollar hills) and give a substantial evidence of support. McC. Evading the Maine I.tyron Liquor Law. Some genius devices are adopted in Maine to evade the stringent liquor law of that State. A few days ago a coffin, at first supposed to contain the remains of some deceased person was carried through the street* in Portland hut the suspicions of the police being excited. it was opened, and lo! it was found to be full of bottles of whiskey, which were immediately confiscated. It is said a wag who Kiw the operation remarked that, contrary to the usual course of tilings, the coffin contained not tho forfy but the spirit. Fits Alstr actios ami Ansr.scr..?The Yankee Notion says: "There is a man in I'hihiclphia so subjects to tits of abstraction, that if you were to meet him in a crowd, he would probably abstract your watch from your pocket, and make oil' with it. He would then be seized with .such a tit of absence, that you might look after him for a month, ami he would never give you a chance of finding hint." Child Dkskktkd.?We loarn that an infant white child, apparently about a week old wns found on Friday, night last nbout 7 o'clock by a negro man near the i'oor 1 louse, in Mazyck-st. It was wrapped up in flannel and had on a lew articles of clothing, to ?w>* ?V ?*? ?.'( gA Mother," which stated that necessity alone compelled Iter to adopt tho course of abandoning Iter offspring, and that she hoped it would fall into the hands of some benevolent persons, who would bring it up in a proper manner, and that to the care of (iod and thorn she consigned it. The negro took tho child to the guard house, and related the circumstance to the captain who scut for the chairman of the orphan house, v ho immediately had the infant conveyed to tliht institution, where it now remains..?-Chits. (Jour. AnijTHKR CiOLT) EjCCtTEMtST. TllO St. I<otii* Ri'|iubl!ctn contains n despatch froui Parkvillc, Mo., which states that tho town was thrown into great excitement by tho arrival of a bond of Delaware In lians from a hunting expedition, They brought with them n quantity of gold dust, which has proved t<> he tinor than California gold. The Indian from whom tho dust was procured says that it was obtained on this side of the mountains, about 700 miles from 1'arkvile. He refused a thousand dollars from one of the citizens to show him the place. Charlehtox and Savaxxau. Wo take the following remarks from the Albany (Geo) Patriot, whose editor recently paid a visit to these eiti -s: "The business of Charleston is increasing as may in? seen by the receipts of her railroad for the past year, and by the increase of her foreign importations. Tho Charleston and I(umhurg railroad is now one of tho best roads in the Southern States. Its receipts the past year oxceeded a million of dollars, and after paying a dividend of 7 per cent on its stock, and the interest on its liabilities, 9183,000 were carried to the recurved fund. ' The comparative prosperity of Savannah is even greater than Charleston, as is shown by her increas-: of trade and capital, and the increased value of real estate in and around ho rltv " Ch&ilefltca and Sn'Mnmh, though ri"a' cities in trade, are a mutn.il benefit to each to extend the focititien for trade, and render their m irkcta attractive to the people of the interior and the went, ami thus they a# cure trade which would otherwise And a more northern market. Theao citlea have hot retly commenced a career of prosperity, to h, if they aliall wisely continue their efforts, we can ace no reason for n limit. The trade of the VMt went is just opening npon them, and they may secure its advantage* u A brighter day we trust ia opening upon the Kouth, whieh we nee evideneod, not on- ' ly in our principle cities, hut in every part , ->* ..m iiiionwr.Mu in ever)1 department olir>du*try." The nnmber of lraoliM-lf^r* and pul>U*hw* in Germany, including ftolienna, in 2,651. Tlifl grcatoat number nr* At Berlin, 120; Leipair, 146 ; Vienna, 6tf; Stnttfcnrdt, 60; Frankfort, 06. A century ajjo Micro were only 31 boolc*ellcni and jmbliahei* at f>eif>?io, and 6 at Berlin, and only 850 in all Germany. IV** are 6,488 phyaician* in rrnaaia, ?vf on' for each 3,000 of population. A New Route to Charleston.?H of tho number who think that every dowry cnuo opened for Commercial intercourse bo I tween tho different portious of our country 1 adds another element to progress in wealth fi tind another cement to that unity and broth' J orhood of feeling ho necessary to the main tennneo of our political union, We canno* I therefore but rejoice vt tho strong feettag I which has l>een manifested, both in Tonne*. I see and South Cnrolinn, and one may add ir? North Alabama, for n direct communication wiiii vnnriesion, by means or n nmv nnd iui- 9 obstructed Railroad communication. The B route promised passes from Charleston, I through Columbia nnd Andcjson, down citb- I cr the valley of the little. Tennessee or Hi- y wassec rivers, nnd thence to Cleveland, of m some other point on the East Tennessee and' T Georgia Railroad. > J A great stimulus has been given to ilii# enterprise by the refusal of tho legislature jH of Georgia to allow n connexion between 7 I tho Georgia nnd South Carolina Roads ?t Jkjl Augusta. M Tennessee feels aggrieved, that her trade j I should be attempted to be secured to Savan- J J n.ali by the imposition of what she consider* to Iks an unjust barrier to free coniuicreiaf i intercourse with Charleston. South Carolina being nolongor a hope of making the long desired connection,llM set sbont providing in- H gross ami egress to and from her coast.beyond H the limits of the legislative control of Goorgia. W The only matter of wonder is, that Charles. ^ ton should, for so long a time, have closed her eyes to the importance of this independent route, while vainly seeking an impossible connection through a State at all timesopposed to the establishment of mutual and reciprocal relations with her. v The.proposed Railroad is not only entire- ^ ly feasible, but by connecting it at the proper point on the read from Chattanooga to Charleston. This Road would, in any event, command f I tho larger portion of tho trade of East Ten- |4 nessoe, nnd we may add also the trade of V. .Nashville and Chattanooga, and the Mem- 9 phis and Charleston Roads. If the action of the Georgia Legislature, V which wo are bound to lxdieve was in accordance likewise with tho will of the people j of the State, hrii.gs about the building of | ! this now road, that body will have conferred j upon Charleston, Tenriesseo and Al aba ma, a I' boon f.ir niont valuable tban would liavo tj boon the privllfgeof a connection at Augus- I Wo h:>|>c soon to witness tonic positive ? tangible demonstration in the matter, and M first ot' all, the impulse should come from tj Charleston. Ah far as wc have been able to judge, from our intercourse with citizens of jrl this portion of the country, and from all other sources, the people are with Charleston in feeling, so far as concerns untrammelled H free intercourse, and she may rely on being H heartily seconded in any effort she may make having free trade and unrestricted commerce m u<t\kvi<n ihi.ua ? fl tuxifrri (iazeltr. The Philadelphia I,edgcr says tint the line 1 of steam propellers recently running between ' Host on and Philadelphia, arc to run between the latter port and Chngrea instead oLbotwecn the latter port and Chagrea inst Jul of bet woe n New York and Charleston, as erroneously stated by n Boston paper. A Good Ose.?The Washington corespondent of the Baltimore Sun relates the following story: 44 Tlio freshest story of the season runs thus: I^ist night as tho passengers from the ears were rushing into one of our principle hotels, a man attired as n traveller, nnuouncod himself as n newly elected member of Congress from some of tho far off Htatcs. Ho was soon surrounded by the friends of a certain candidate for Uio clerkship, and his i t? W?v.wu. iiicairiingw uiumated that lie thought pretty well of that gentleman from what he had heard of him, but aa he had just arrived, could not aay anything positive until he had changed hia dreas and refreshed himself.' Beside*, 4 his fund* were out. ond no he could not draw hia mileage until to-morrow, ho must seek some friend to help him, and that $60 would answer for the proaent." The arrangement woa quickly made to put the member into fund*, and $50 were handed to him?but on tho following day, behold! the assumed member was amongst tho missing, and has not been hoard of sinco." Indus Census.?V.ffort* Imvo been made for a year or two past, by tho Government, ^ to obtein a census of tho Indian population now inhabiting the United States. By the * j accounts received from tho census agents and information derived from other sources, | it is ascertained that tho entire number of t Indians inhabiting all parta of rureouuUy I amounts to 438,000, Of tills number, 3tt 000 Is tho estimatod nnmber of those Inhaw ItlSf U? nnexplnr^l territories 31.100 af^ jfl the Indians of Tu*u* ; 1*3.130 belongs to th^ ' IB triUs living in Now Mexico; 33,231 areM 8 California; 33,733 are ill rhtlfWH WMj 1 in Utah. Mauy of tho Now Mcxknn Indian# ,1 are ciiilized, and liavu fixed habits*ions an4 J| towns. Viot.rsT Dr.ATii.?Wo le.rn that Jtmct flj w. sek.m, of this district, *h foumt, on last Thursday, nwr thn hneae ?f ono Duhl I Julia, m a ;UW of im*ft?iMKly. ami dirtl 4 I ahor* tin*' fu r li? vm found on dMevnd portions of Us body upon a post mortem M aininatiun. We luarn further that thor* had been a difficulty between Segues and 4oho so mo time last sifting. We will give fur tiicr particulars when asrrrtainod. tl i HariingUjn j Tlio Columbia Ntatea R<ylit? RepnMiel Wj mentions the dc..th of the Rev. F. W. Lef pnrd, of UiSnnton. 1 "Mr. Leppard was a pious and distinguished^ /"flj member of tho Lutheran Chunrh, of great jH usnfnlnMi ? '* *?O? -- ? * * ~~ ...... rorbni Cfl m-.oy v Wtuei." I I L,