University of South Carolina Libraries
near rfc wr? ?anana.- ."w^or-aic-.- ?>^>?-?. c-^nt ? 1 tU'Hltl/. ls* .ft;*,!- I . t<; r :( H * B? D?R?SOE, 5ELSE is CO? . 1..,I1.?.J>U<?I>'?"?>II>.II.w.t?ilMi?????l>l't|Mt>M?H.>l|>?l|HMM<HH^S^M,W,H*^. i|i"l,ii|l'lili||,l|ii|i>i,ii,li|i'i;n,|i||Ji|li|('l.l'ii,il>'ll,ii.i,'i^>?i'i .MI.^M.^MW.^l.^MWVWU^.wuW.?~'U?U-.S.'..?..,..^....U?...M???.".""?'. , ~ - > EMEFIELD, S. C./MAY 8, 1867. VOLUME mn.-.** IMPORTANT AND TRUE ? Immense Reduction in Prices? ill >? KENNY & GRAY, W8 BROAD ST., AUGUSTA, GA., Address themselves to.the public in very'emphatic terms. Every Gentleman in South Carolina and Georgia who will 'take the trouble to call at our FIRST CLASS CLOTHING HQU?E, Will be willing to endorse our assertion : That our ?Couse contains the MOST COMPLETE ASSORTMENT, and the most elegantly finished Stock of 1EABT-IABI CI0THI1G FOB SPRING AND SUMMER WEAR, ' That has ever yet been offered in Augusta. lt is. therefore, important (hat every gentleman who desires to be well dressed, in* ^merits that are THOROUGHLY FINISHED, and, at the same time, at the LEAST POSSIBLE EXPENSE, to call at once at 1 I,, KENNY & GRAY'S. OUR TAILORING DEPARTMENT Is supplied with the CHOICEST CLOTHS, CASSIMERES aud VESTLNGS, including the mosttleh'cate shades of color to be l?nmd in the country ; and its ope? rations will bc prosecuted with RESEWED CAT?: AND ATTENTION on the part of the Proprietors, .so that nothing of an inferior character can possibly escape their vigilance. , We have made special selections of choice FURNISHING GOODS, which will receive nrore care than heretofore, and enable our patrons to supply themselves at our House with every article they may require. . 'Ow Prices are immensely Reduced! KENNY & GRAY, 238 Broad Street, A/ueusta. _- - Apr 1 3m. 14 . \ 224,. Broad St., 224;. Every Article in Our Stock Largely Reduced ! I. SIMON & BRO., MANUFACTURERS OF EN*8, SOYS' AND YOUTHS' Offer the remainder of their WINTER CLOTHING and GENTS' FURNISHING GOODS at REDUCED PRICES in order to make room for the Spring Trade. Our well assorted Stock of Cassimeres, Broad Cloths, Doeskins, Tweeds, Jeans, Hats, and many other Goods, we offer at the same Reduced Prices. Jjgp^Buyers will save money by calling and examining for themselves. .* .^iTRernember we have ONLY ONE PRICE, always giving our Customers r,he advantage-of a fair Bargain. I. SIMON ?Sc BRO., FASHIONABLE CLOTHING EMPORIUM, 224 Broad Street, Four Boors Below Central Hotel, Angnsta, Aupn8ta, Jan 7 . tf 2 C. & A. G. HALL, I ii su rance Agents, No. 221 Broad Street, Represent the following Insurance Companies : THE GEORGIA HOME...".?f ' Columbus, Gu. MERCHANTS. ".*.0f Hartford, Conn.* - JEFFERSON........;.?. of Scottville, Vu. CIT1* FIRE .*.........of' Hartford, Conn. MERCHANTS' ? MECHANICS'...."....of . Baltimore, Md. STAR FIRE.;........... of New York. NATIONAL MARINE AND FJR.E,.of New Orleans, La. NEW ENGLAND... 0f Hartford, Conn. . ASSOCIATED FIREMAN'S.of. , .?HltiaiorQ, Md. NORTH AMERICAN._ of. - Hartford, Conn. VIRGINIA..,f SUnn'OD, Va. UNION.^.;..0f Baltimore, Md. INSURANCE AND SAVItfQ..J!.'.....'....'..of' Richmond, Va. AliSO, . . SOUTUERN MUTUAL LTFE.of Columbia, S. C. SOUTHERN ACCIDENTAL._.of Lynchburg Va. #ff?MR. D. R. DURISOE is our authorized Agent for Edgefield and vicinity, anti parties wUhrajf toinsnrowill find it to their'intercit to call on him. ' AuzanU, Oe^22 . 6m 45 Administrator's Notice. Administrator's Notice. ALL persons Savior demand* against .ho Ex- A LL Person? hsivine demands'ejrainst the Es t*te of JAMES M. LANHAM^deeensed, ero iJL tate of JAMES H. WHITE, deceased, SM requested to present them, duly attested, to the : earnestly requited to present tbi KodesxicaW, or to W. W. Adam?, E*?jr.. nt once ; j day *o tho anders?cnecVs" ???? tb .nd those in anywise ind?btod io Faid Estate are oirnestly leqaested to maka payment without de lay to the-iadarsieacd. I ?bl JAS. A* MVOJt* Ad'*r. Sm.?, te ? cm at aja oar ly 0501 in dcb rid to raid Estate are requested to make imm?diate pay ment. '??.?. E. W. HORNE, ; Adm'or., in r i jr h : cf bis wife, on tho S state of i. fi. White, <lee'<L lui? te ? -g Our Dead. [By the author of t?te * Conquered Banner."] This, gays tho Memphis Avalanche, Ss the title of one of to?se truly national lyrics Father Ryan has contributed to immortality through Thc Land We Love, aud it is of that brilliant nature which will flasn forth with "The Sword of Bobert Lee ;" Do ^e weep for the heroes that died for nt,. Who, living, were true and tried for us, And, in death, sleep side by side for us ? . The Martyr bandv . That hallowed our land . With the blood they poured in a tide for us. . Ah! fearless on many a day for ns, They stood in the front of the fray for ns, And held thc foeman at bay for as; Fresh tears should fall Forever-o'er all . " . - . Who fell while wearing the gray for ns. How many a glorious name for ns, How many a story of fame for ns, They left ?-?-would it no*, be a shame for us If their memory part From our land and heart, < ? And a wrong to them sud a blamo for us ? Ko! no! no! they were bravo for us, .And bright were tho lives they gave for ns ; The land they struggled to Save for us Cannot forget Its warriors, yet, Who sleep in so many a gravo for ns. Ko ! no! no J they w?ro slain for ns, And their blood iiowcd out in a rain for us; Bed, rich, and pure, on the plain for ns ; And yours muy go But our tears will dow . O'er thc dead who have died in vair.-for us. And their deeds-proud deeds-shall remain /or us,. And (heir names-dear names-without stain for us, And tho glories they won ehall not wane for ar; In legend und lay Our heroes in gray, Though dead, shall live over again for us. MOINA. Knoxville, Tenn., March 1, 1867. From the Ohurleston Courier. Governor Orr's- Speech. "Fix'din my heart these constant truth* I bear And Ammon cannot write them deeper there." CATO. Messrs. Editors :-1 perceive tu jour paper of the 4 h April, it is stated that " Governor Off proceeded to recount the Ireaclicry of the Democratic party, first, ininducing the South to believe that if war followed thc secession of the Southern Sta'es, that our people would be supported bj the democrats at ihe North, and remarked that he was of the deliberate opinion that but for this, no State, except South Carolina, would have gone out of The i Union." I see it more fully reported and published, that ufcer appealing to the distin guished Military Commander, bis friend OD his right, ?rho -was himself wjth him jn the i Democratic partj at Washington, and who | knew the standing of Governor Orr in that ? party, the Governor having received its i highest honor in Congress, he then?Rays he i held to the hope u they would sorne day re- ! deem their losses aud return to their former i position of power ?nd influence." The Gov- ] ernor then exclaims-: *'But the dream is past 1 ( We have several accounts ^^cttle*Vhrrrtre~"j Democratic party before I for one can consent t to affiliate with that party again." u Manv i of j?u remember well the hopes and expec- \ tations held out by the Democracj nt the time \ ol secession, that lhere should be no tear, and ? that if ,wur did cotue.it must commence at \ the North and West. You know how faith- ? folly these promises were kept when we were < iuvolved in war." 4,I now take this opportu- i nitv to say, whut I have meer before ?aid I'M 1 liullL1, that if it hud not been (<>r the delusive i protons *ud hopes held out bj the Demo- j cracj of tho ??crih .?nd West, South Carolina t would have been th<? or,!? #iate that would ? have seceded." Now imagine a plain | country man was astonished when he nr.sttead ; these sentences in our Goveruor's speech. ( We knew he had even been one of the lead- c er? aud responsible men of the great Demo- i eratic party, and had been its Speaker in the t House of EeprurfinUtives. But we did not i know he wat? to turn States' evidence,- and ( arraign that party un the moat solemn and i grave charges ever mado against-aar/ graat ( party itt ?tny government of the earth. ?Je- . side<, he charges upon all the Southern States. ? except South Carolina, that they acted uoder t this bargain or understanding in seceding as i they did. Nothing of a politic nature can t be a more serious charge or more calculated I to aifecfc the character of these States or the t character af thc Democratic party. I had j supposed that theo) States acted from the < high sense of duty alouo, and from what they \ solemnly' believed to be their chartered and i fundamental rights. And now we are taught ? to believe from this high and exalted witness ? that this terrible war was brought, on by a i secret and avowed arrangement made and < pledged between distinguished political lead- i er?, and that our slaughtered dead fell not, a? < they believed, jwj&ly for their rights as States, l but rather were tas U)o)fi of ambitious leaders, ? under an ignoble and trtaaon^hje understand- 1 ing, made before any Conventions of the < States hud assembled to decide for tuarn- ; selves the greatest of all questions. This is i a disclosure that involves the very treason i that was con tr m tv?.: ?4 by the Constitution to be punished, and most uspecjally in the Dem* , ocratic party North, us no ConvOniioflf of their j States ever did interpose to protect and pre- ; lie ve them from the acts of "reason. I am i g.ad South Carolina is excepted frc m tilts 1 unholy and unhallowed combination, for I, for one, humble ac I am, would have scorned to have been made a miserable tool in any such profligate and corrupt arrangement as this. 6be has been conquered, but no sfajn rests upon her honor and faith. She firmly and honestly believed that she was a sover- i eign aud independent State-1st. Because the Declaration of independence declared that " these Colonie* are, and of right ought to be, free, sovereign and indepen4ent#t,atesj" and also, that all just government derives jt$ authority from the cousent of the governed, nad that a people have the right to change or modify their form of govern.nent. The treaty of peaee with Great Britaiu, after seven years' war, aekuoajledged the independence, not of the govern?setff or people as a whole, but br raming the tbirle?u ?taf?3 separately, .and acknowledging them separately, 2d. Because the second article of confederation expressly reserved to eaoh State separately its separate sovereignty and independence. And then tue Constitution the United State? was nevrr adopted by any representa tion of the people as a whole, but only Dffr posed to the States separately and adopted by them each for itself. And North Carolina refuged to adopt it, and Rhode Island actually refused to call any Convention even to con fider it. acdJtoih these States remained out of it for near a y?.v, Washington was even elected President without fjtker of thean States voting. They afterwards each of thorn acceded ito the compact. And New york ac ceded, but in the act acceding reserved ex pressly her right to resume her separate pow ers end independence whenever she might think it necessary. The eompact was then ratified, but reserved nil _po wens not delegated in express terms to the felters and to the pee.? pie ol tho Stated. No power is givoq bf?( what is" expressly granted, or what may bp directly necessary lo .carry out some specific grant. They then Jn tho Constitution de clared that it could be altered or amended by three fourths of tho States, and by this power three fourths of the States, could abrogate it and make a new Constitution and Govern ment. As a comment and exposition of tho natura of this instants ?rt, under John Adams' [ administration the Alien and Sedit [ were passed, which produced intense ment throughout the whole.country, great State of Virginia, the mothei Constitution, by her Legislature, c these Acts unconstitutional, nuli ai and passed* a penal statute punish roan for attempting to execute them her borders. Madison,, one of the prc framers of the Constitution and on< three writers of the Federalist, drew, saltation, with Mr. Jefferson, the hmo lut ions of that Legislature, and the Ri 1738, which for lucid style and l?gica sion bas never been surpassed by air paper in America. These were adopt were made the cardinal doctrines of tb ocratic or Republican party for fort ye?rs. ' Upon these resolutions, and and the doctrines avowed, the great between Jefferson and Adams turo which the American people as a whol ded in favor of them, and affirmed tl cition hythe election to the Presid? Mr. Jefferson by an overwhelming rn? These resolutions apd report, which Ke: also passed, affirmed that the States right to judge of " infractions of the I Compact" or the Constitution, and o: mode and measure of redress." Tbi the first great practical decision of the on the true nature of the Constitution the rights and powers of the States. Conventions of the National Democrat: ty at different times, and particularly Baltimore Convention in 18-14, re-ei those express resolutions^ and made the cardinal faith of that party ; so ag the Democratic Convention in Cinci 185G. Then after this the State of Gi was sued before the United States Cour she denied the jurisdiction of the Cou the ground that no State could bc sue eau e she ivas sovereign and independen could uot be made a defendant be'fon tribunal.- But notwithstanding judg went against her,, she took an appeal i nature of a proposed amendment to the stitution, which declared that no State < be sued. This amendment was adopte more than tJiree fourths pf the States, a now actually part of the Constitution, then ?tas a decision by the States sepan affirming tbo same doctrines and priucip were announced in thc resolutions of . So we .have thc decision of the Araei people as a poopje, and the decision ol States as State*, affirming tbp same cops tion of thc compact. Then the iirst chi of a U?ited States Bank, passed by Cong affirmed the power of the Government :t tablish a Branch in any State, and tVe I Legislature denied this right, and declar unconstitutional, null and void, and no Bri was established in that State. Thon in \ the New England Slates met at Hartfot Convention, and declared that the Gov m?nt had no right to move the troops, ci for in the war, beyond the boundaries of State? to which they belonged. They fur use this language; '-'Thepowpr of pompcl thc militia and other citizens ot the lin States by draft or conscription to serve jn regular armies, gs proposed in a late els, letter of the Secretury of VJ&ny is pot d. ?ated-to Congress, jby. the .Constitution. Ifie exercise of it would be not less dangei ;o their liberties than hostile to the sovcre Ly of the States. In this whole scries of ..ices and measures for raising men, this C ?entjon djscem a total disregard for the C ?titution, and a disposition, fo fiolgto its I .'isions, demanding from the individual (sta x firm and decided opposition." '-An i iespotisra can impose no harder servit! ipon the citizen than to force him from jome and occupation, to wage oppress ivars, undertaken to gratify the pride or p ?ions of his roaster." (359 Dartford Conv ton History.) "That the Acts of Congr n violation of the Constitution, are absolu y void, is an undeniable position." In cast deliberate, dangerous and palpable infraclit )f the Uonstttytfon, affecting thc sovereigi )f a State, and liberties Of thp people, jt lot only the right, but the duty of such ?St fi interpose ?ts authority for their protecti< H the manner best calculated to secure tl iud." StatCR which have no common umpi: n\Jst *' be their own judges, and execute tiki ?rn decisions." (History of Hartford Cc .?ntjyp, SOI.) The twelve de!rga?es a jointed trow Massachusetts to this Conve ;ion were not self constituted or from a mc neeting of the people, but were appointed :he Legislature of the State, with authori ?o speak and act for the State. S-1, likewi se Siiati aopointed from Connecticut, and ti bur from Rhode Island. ?fcc. ' ?.':ey interpos luring an active foreign WOT, and. Canal ?vas invaded a?d the war fought through ti imphantly, without the aid or active co-op .ation fcof the New England States. Tl sowers ol the Constitution and the rights the States are defined by the Supreme Cou jf the United States, (Otb Peters, 5T?.) Ju :ice McLean, delivering the opinion, saic '* Tho powers exclusively given to the Feder Government are limitado's upon the Stal minorities. But with the exception of thei [imitations, the States arc.suprcme; and the jovereignty can be no more invaded by tr rpljon of the Federal Government, than tl iction of Sjale Governments can arro! rir obstruct the course of thc national power, Mam* quotations might be made frqtii Chii Justice Taney, and although no purer or able judge ever presided over tbe jurisprudence < ?ny Court, yet his name might not row ha* iuthority yjjh those who are in the majorif " Every Constitution of government in thes United Slates has assumed, as a fundampntc principle, the right of the people of the Stat to alter, abolish or modify thc form of il Government according to the sovereign pica! ure of the people." (1 Story. 403. \?f: William Rawle, L. Li D., an eminen legal mind ^.ud philosophical thinker of Phil adelphia, published a' eofnmcntary on th United States Constitution in l?2ej. Thj able work was adopted as a Text Book on th Constitution at the Military Academy of th jlnifcd Slates, at West Point, in 1829, am vas the Te$t gook in that Institution in 1832 made'60 by ?he Unjfpd States authorities The concluding chapter -lon tho pprman?nc of the Union" is in this language: " Tm Union is an association of Republics ; its pre sei'vation is calculated to depend on the pre nervation of this Republic. The people o ench pledge themselves to preset ve that forn ?f g.orernment ki all. It depends on tbi State ftseif tfl rptajn or abolish the principli of representation j because jt depends upoi the State itselt whether it shall continue * member of the Union. The State, tjien,-ma") wholly withdraw from the Union. The se pessjoo of a State from the Union depends ot the will of Jhe ppople of such State. It wat known, though it x/aa not Avowed, that t State might withdraw itself.'' Thu preapni distinguished Senator from .Ohio, who ia a] this time President of tho United States Sen ate^and of the highest Hying authority, ir 1855, uttered, in debate in tho Senate, the frljoyicg remarkable sentiments : " ^fhere . app some {Senators who process t great regard for tbe tights of fhe ?fates. . j am one of those who have quite ut? much {re gard for the rights of the .Tates as some whe make louder professions on the subject thar I do. I am one of those who not only wheo an plootjon is pending, but at all times be ljeyp in ;he wisdom, tye CQRStitutjonaljty and propriety of ?-he Yirginja feaplutipps of jfffi and 1700. I ground myself upon fheseretfl lutionn. and, standing upon them, I denounce this Bili as a violation, net only of tho spirit of those resolutions, hut aa an (itu .pt to trample upon the rights of the 8tate3, and tc deprive them of the power to protect theil own ritigons. Who ii to be thc judge, in tht }| last resort, of tho violation of the Constitution of the United States by the enactment of a law? Who is the final arbiter? The Gen eral Government or the States in their sov ereignty ? Verily, sir, to yield that point is to yield up all the rights of the States to pro tect their own citizens, and to consolidate the Government into a miserable despotism." The succeeding session of Congress the same distinguished gentleman saidin debate : " Southern gentlemen stand here and in al most al! their speeches speak pf the dissolu tion of the Union." ".I am not of those who would ask them to continue in the Union." "lt would be doing violence to the platform of the party to which I belong. We have ^adopted the old Declaration cf Independence as the basis of our political movement, which declares th'at any people, when the Govern ment ceases to protect their rights, when it is so subverted from the true purposes of gov ernment as to oppress them, have a right to Lrecur to fundamental principles, and if need p>e, to destroy the Government under which they live, and to erect on its ruins another oro conducive to their welfare. I hold that ey have tfiis right. I will not blame any eople for exercising it whenever they think be contingency has come. You cannot, for cibly, hold any men in this Union ; for the phttempt to do so, it seems to me, would sub vert the first principles of the Government oder which we live." . I quote from the distinguished Senator from iObio, for his authority . is of high influence ffiow} and the illustrious names-of Southern men who have led. our united Country along the bright pa'h way of glory and honor, and [who, with perfect unanimity, have ever held Sfiiesc doctrines, would have but little weight at this period of our history. There is scarce ly a single State of the old thirteen, who TOadc the Constitution, but what at some period of her history has asserted the same |prir.ciples. In the case of Georgia these Same doctrines were not only asserted, but 'ndicated practically and triumphantly. She sertcd sovereignty over her territory, aud aiotained it to the exclusion of thc United tes Government. In 1802' thc State had d?d to thc United States all* her territory Wcst of the Chattahoochee River to the Mis jfasippi, embracing- the now rich States of alabama and Mississippi, and stipulated ns a Condition that the Iutlian tribes within her plate lines should be removed as soon as it siuld be done by the United States Gosern Ufenf. For twenty-five years Georgia urged Hg Federal Government to comply wjth ibis ccbditioij upon which her lands were c dec!, ant to her thc most important condition, bt caoc it was vastly to her interest to have her lanls settled up. When urged to do so, the Unted States Government had replied that the/ could not obtain the consent of the In dias, bat admitted the condition upon which th?magnificent domain had been ceded. ;.^it last, in 1S25 and 182(1. thc- President of ttfeJnitcd States, Mr. Adams, son of the au thor of the Alien and Sedition laws, John Adajg, took, for the first tinie, the ground tjjatthe Inffian:? Werp a Rpvprcign and indcr penent people, and could not be moved with onUieir frcg consent, and as such they were nWer the guardianship and protectjeu of the iVttrt?~d~Btal?s ?ovem?icnt. Georgia replied ttat this was not so, that they were a transi at migratory people in tribes, and had no svereignty over the soil, but only use and pssession for temporary purposes, and that tb ultimate sovereignty was in Georgia, to tb limits of her boundaries. She maintained tut they had even been treated as suoh by Geat Britain, as is shown by her iepcated gLnts to her colonies and to eminent ptrsou ags, of immense tracts of land and territory fo seulement ; these grants, after running bck from thc ocean even to the Mississippi ad to the great Lakes tn the Northwest em hieing the most of thu Continent. Those gtnts invariably treated the vast Indian ter rify and nations as migratory tribes only. Gorgia claimed by the treaty of peace with G?at Britain, which acknowledged her moo ned ??nee and sovereignty by name separate ?(jftbatall the rights previously claim* rf and tarted by Great Britain ucctued to her hy th treaty ol peace aud independence, aud th. she was then sovereigu to the extent of hebuundiirii'N, except so far as she ceded laris to the United States Government, and shithec demande I the performance of the cobtions upon which such cessiou was made, Tconfirm this dootrirtc, she referred to the tptty of Hopewell, which was made with thCberokee nation (the most imprpved and poerful of the Southern tribes,) in 1732, by Ga Bickens, who had overrun and conquered tin nation ; and then in the treaty ot peace herew the future lines of the nation, through Soib Oaiolina, Qoorgiaand Tennessee, ac coring to his own wishes, without cousiilta tio: or the consent previous, of lhp Indians, am treated- them as a conquered people, whh lines were never disputed, and the n? tiotwas ever afterwards the firm friends of the/bites, and acquiesced in their condition as dependent nation und :r the care-of Geor gia,"ennessee and South Carolina, as well as thcl'nited States. The contest between Gecria aud the authorities at Washington wax! warmer and warmer until the Treaty of Hian Springs was made in 1820, and then aiterards annu'bd by another treaty, sup osi to have been brought about by the in rigp of fl .'signing men, and most especially by towel!', the Indian agent. 'Then Mj\-Vd amshc President, sent down Gen. gaines, of ti United States Army, with about two thouud men, to enforce the new treaty and prott the Indians in possession of the eoil, ?ssong the doctrine, that they were an in epdent people, and could not be removed wilht their free consent. The Governor of Geoia, George M. Troup, one of thc noblest andirest of her sons, then proclaimed M the arguent is. exhausted and we will stand to our ms." He notified the United States. ' w and o authorities of Alabama, that he would *| an run e Ijne between the two States, which wuson an oppn line, asaiipulated in.the Act cession in 1802, and requested them to apint Commissioners to act with him. The failed States Government declined to appct Commissioners, and the Alabama au tljoris did appoint, but afterwards disagreed to tH}ne froifi ?^icoyack, and then Goverr nor bup actually ran the line alone, sup porttby his Georgia military, from the point just low Columbus on the Chatahoochee riverirectly back to tho Tennessee line as stipued in 1802, although'he was threat ened the Iudians on one side, and by Gen eral ins with United States troops on the ptheamd this has bepn thb Iju.e between. Geon and Alabama ever since, without dis/ pute.Govornor Troup having ordered brit a Brig? of State trqops under General Aber crom, to sustain State, authority,. General Gainwas directed to retire with his United ojtatepoopij West of thc lipo intc-the ?la bamnrritqry, blotto pceqRy sqcb^ position as to able to protect the Jndinns if uepes-1 saryThe Georgia Legislature then passed a lawaking ita penitentiary offence for any whittan to tampeV with the Indians and in stigatbem to assert permanent claims to (>bo Ufo ry, and to aid nod coun^l them ia such ute'e T'",e Methodist denomination Jim ary flourishing missionary e?tablish Sentthis section, within the boundaries of cor, It was quite extensive and largely pau-ocd. Mr. Tassels was connected wtyh [his Jitutjon, ftnt) a o?an f,f 6rcat activity ind t?gy- ^e djd counse.} the Indians that Ui?y 1 a permanent right to the territory, and t Mr. Adams^' President of the United Siateand Mr...Clay, Secretary, of State, woulcotect them ia this.right. This crea ted gt pxcitpfflent, and fas.sphi was. iur , dictender th? Georgia statute; brought to '"? trfa!,md guilty, and sentenced to the peni-1 ?c pi lt is Si ti Pl Ul ai hf of di k ri ed f? th bc ly m i U bj til an bu b frr pl. lb er by m wc N< th th th in lie co Bc tpj th soi li? wi cv tc I an SU: mt ov SOI lut Rt? oil w ph bb cri lb ba ha he so ye: TL orr I tentiary. A writ was sued out on appeal lc the United States Supreme Court, and ' C?ie I Justice Marsball directed Tassels to bt brought before the Court al; Washington or appeal from the criminal jurisdiction of'the Courts of Georgia. As soon as the writ ar rived.at Milledgeville,.Governor Gilmer. then Governor of-Georgia, bad Tassels hung. This ended that appellate jurisdiction. The In dians were removed beyond the Mississippi] and the triumph of Georgia was complete. By that triumph, the doctrines of State sov ereignty and independent jurisdiction were proclaimed the paramount law of this land. Thus Gedrgia, by her rnamy statesmanship and heroic bearing, bas the honor of achieving two cff the most decided triumphs in favor of the great cause of State Rights ; first, in her amendment to ' the Constitution declaring a State could not be sued because she was a Sovereign; and secondly, in vindicating her rights to exclusive sovereignty over her soil, and by consequence the sovereignty of every State to the limits of her boundary. After this sprang up the great controversy with the Federal Government- as to the pow er under the Constitution tc lay taxes for the direct protection of capitul vested in manufactures. In April, 1832, the 'Government passed an act with the avowed purpose of protection to domestic manufactures, but it was not to go into effect anti] 4th of March, 1333. In November, 1832, South Carolina met in Convention constitutionally called, and de clarad the act unconstitutional, null and void, as Virginia had done in the Alien and Sedi tion laws, and passed a final statute against it ; Buforcement in this State on the -1 th of March, 1833. This produced intense excitement, and the whole country was aroused from one 2nd to the other. Mr. Ciay, thc illustrious Senator from Kentucky, rose in the Senate, sn the 23d day of February.- 1833, and soi ?r?nly called *,he attentiou of the country to ;he dangerous state of things made by the ssaes of South.Carolina ; and to avoid these s?ues,.he introduced the famous Compromise Act of 183"]. Governor Leteher, from Iyeii; lucky, his intimate friend, di'.! the sime thing hat dav in the House of Representatives, so is to be sure and get one or ilia other through n time. Tire 4ih of March 1883/ was tte lay for the Act of April, 1332, to so into dfect. Soulh Carolina, in Convention, had leclared-it null and.void, and this issue tras o be met on the 4th of March, 1823 South Jarolina under Governor ?L.yne. had armed, ?ers'elf, Mr. Clay's C-mi pro m hie repealed the Vet uullified, not to nomine, but Cy sjbstitu ing another in its place. This last reduced' he duties on imports ten per cent, every t,w? .ears until 1842, and then ail was reduced 0 an ad valorem lax, '"for the economical rants of government." All specifics and ninimums were to be then nbolished. This apposition for a compromise by Mr.' Cloy tas immediately pa^sed by Congress, and he arne a law 20th of Februaiy, 1833, ?just a ew days before the Tariff Act of April, 1832. rag to go into effect.; and thus the obnoxi ius measure was removed before the ordi lance of South Carolina could take effect, nd thus the interposition of a sovereign aud independent State was effectual, and the righral doctrines of Virginia, with the tile ries and principles of the great framers ol' be Constitution, were asserted and acquiesced i, as belonging to thc nature of our c miplex jrm of government. These were thc motives aud views under rhich South Carolina, acted on the 20;h of leoember, le?O.. She had been educated ) believe und trained up to think that what lie was about to do was according to her indaniental rights; as expounded by all the len she had been raised np to' reverence, he did not dream that Madison an 1 Jettier* in, Rawles Lowndes, ?nd Calhoun a:.d iieves, bad taught these men the lessons f treasou. She certainly nsver entered in ) auy understanding with he Democratic 1 arty North, that they were to. protect her : om war, and if war was to come, that it < ?ould commence \\\ the Nor:h first. No ig- 1 .?ble motives swayed lier cou ice s. She luv- 1 1 the Constitu? ion as it came from our Tall:- ? .a. Governor Orr now says she is ihn on- ' State that won'd have seceded but for the 1 edged protection of the Democratic parly. t ' this be true, then she stood alone ; but it *? where any State mijjht be proud to stand, i lie, stood ou the battlement ot' the Constitu- s on, without a feather quivering in her t uine, and without a single stain on her ban- t ;r. Hersons leaped on tie outer walls, r id they fell in their blood, Her cities and t ?r towns aie in smoking ruin's, and the wail s her widows and her orphans rise iii this' i cary night over tho graven of the dead ; ll it who would not rather see them thus, u-r- a hie aa it is, than Unit they should be cloth- J i in uurpil and tine linen, because their t thers aqd husbands preferred to revel amid n e eunuchs of the palace, and become cup d larers'to tyrants and despots. I hive mere- [> glanced at the history of the comments l ude upon our system of government and n i true nature, by the American people and -t' ' the different Ktates of this Union from t ne to time. 1 did not pretend to present s y argument to illustrate these comments, tl it merely to show if South Carolina erred, a e erred from conscientious motives, aud ti un a love of the great fundamental princi- c 2.S which .were taught lier by thc fathers of t E Republic. The doctrine of sqpirate sov- i: eighty aud independence wns not put down arms. The ?mancipation of the negro y is forced, and for this purpose the civilized u ?rid was roused, and ihe vast armies of the a >rth- were raisedland excited to frenzy by r e maddening orv of wild fa:,at|cisro. Let b at go. I for one would no'; have mineas -s ey Were, if even returned to mo. Supp -rt, tl {.rue fidelity, in private as well as in pub- a , thc"new state of things. Let every man n lo ls authorized to vote-, do so willingly, w d let every man who is disfranchised, be p nter.ted.'and submit without ? m?fthor. d i quiet, bc truthlnl, be shecre. Wo are tl ld, that the Goddess; of Liberty is senie* ti UPS forced, by d- stiny. toausnmo the loath- d me form of a hissing serpent,.and wo be- ? le tho man wu J treats her with disrespect file in .this for:?.. Rut I say true liberty is er lovely and oomelv in he]'form, her eoun- h janpe radiant with truth md justice, with tl outstretched ann to raise the helpless and w ?tain the oppressed; and jwo be'iidd the 0 in who makes of her a prophet, and throws tl er him a silver veil "to cover his loath- o aie deformity, and then calls upon his de K led followers to bow down before thc niou- '1 ? god., < - . . . . . 0 'Myhcipc knaves sha^ciin?tor, , 0 And fouls ai a J kneel." ? . . Ci Let no man suppose that these great doc- ? nes and principles which lie at the founda- ? n of American liberty are ta ho fitruck wn ?nd perjah forever- '* ?' The great American heart beats with de- . lion in secret for thc fundamental princi ;s of our Constitution, as expounded by J e first fathers of the Republic. \ There is nothing so deceptive in great rev- 0 jtions, aa thc apparent surface of things, q hen Lucius Brunis rushed into thc market ice, wielding the dagger reeking with the )od of Lucretia, all Rome ro^e to arms and - ed for vengeance against the Tarquins. j.n ci 9 French revolution thu Duke of Cwleans, lr ?? and profligate as he was, would 'have p Red in his. wild, career of mad ambition, if p could have, foreseen thaj his own head waa d soon to be dragged, to the IplocU by^ thc p ry party he was-- striding to rai^p to p:.wer. fe loee vfho-. recede the-^ou 4zas- of a crowd tl fr dav, liye. to .h.eap its execrations, th S Let every man do Iiis duty faithfully td thc o institution according to his place and po- v ? . sition. Let no mun'despair. Put your breatt f i manfully to thc waves, a-.d buffet the? to the last. What is life but a constant strug gle with the evils of life? It is the difficul ties and evils with which mar. is surrounded that mal?es him an'active, thinking being. But fer this he would sink down and be worth less. The evils cf-sickness and death fore.; men to resort to the science o? medicine and surgery : the.evils of despotism force men to investigate and establish enlightened princi ples of liberty. No people eve' were a great people who did not go- through suffering and danger. Even the Phoenix of a new and brighter life often rises from the ashes cf ruin. ' "Yes, giro mo thc land where thcruins tfrcsprend, Arid tho living tread lightly on tho hearts of th } dead ; Yes, give ino a land that is blessed by tho. dust, And bright with tho deeds of tho daim,-trodde;i just; . . les, give inc the land where th?battle's red blast Has flashed on thc future thc form of the past;' Yes, give inc a land that has'legends and lays-, That tell of thu memories of doug vanished days ; Yes, give mc a land that hath story and song, To toll of thc" strife of thc right with tho wrong ; Yes, give mo thc land with a grave in each spot, And names in the graves that Khali not l?c forgot; Yes, give mo'thc land of thc wreck and tho tomb, There's gr indcur ia gra\cs-there's glory in gloom; - For out of tho gloom future brightness is born As after a- night looms -tnt- sunrise of morn ; .Aud thc graves of the dead, with thc grass over grown, May yet form tho footstool of liberty's throno, And each wreck Cf'thc war-path of laicht Shall yet be a roek*in thc temple of right." Even from thc ashes of despotism (lash th. fires of liberty. JOHN RUTLEDGE " Watchman What of thc Sight?" Under tLis ?leading Hon. Erastus Brcous "writes bia paper, the Xvw XOT)? Express.hom Atlanta, Ga ; April lith:. General Pope is here, and hasftadc a sat islactojy speech lo thc people. If they obey the law ol Congress, web. If- not, then r, may not be well.- Al! the men he ha* !;ere. and coming here, is but a few over a thii J ot a regiment; but one company would be enough to cany cut the lav; o? Congress, a>:ti as good as tca-thuu^anu men. Thc mest sub tined men are some Of tho old secession lead ers-like Ex-Governor Brown, whoso home is here, and whose intluence has been immense throughout the State. Such men ?onnse,; submission to the law. and regard it ?is irrevo cable. Governor Jenkins counsels, not re .-.Lsiance, but non-action, aud-from all I se<? and hear, will-bo overruled by an immense majority of the people. Tba heart of the people is broken, and iheir.spirit humiliated. Two years ?ii draught, one season cf llouds. months of positive hunger, have followed iou." years o? war, made up..of bombardments, sieges, fires, loss of life and properly. Con gress, willi its harsh policy of negro suffrage; military monarchies, registrations, arrest.v and puni.-uments, stay laws-as m South Carolina-is an easy master of the situation , only you iimst-nutuxpec'. the smi'tea to love the smiter, for. ai blood i . thicker than wa-, ter. nature stronger .than coercion, .this i a I simpiy'itnpossible. Db with us as you will/] and we wiil obey," is the general purpose. ' and Geoigia is good for it by ?0,000 or .'10,000 majority, notwithstanding tLv? letter ot Gov ernor Jeiikius. If I were a Southern mau with my home aud friends destroyed, a war prosecuted against me two years alter I bac laid dowu my arms, willi co permanent peace or stability-in prospect,- with a hope or'soine thing permanent and establishe i by further concessions) I would do the same thing ; for until then- is au ead cf exactions by ubcdi litice to decrc-e, there can be no peuce. Wai is not politics, but revolution. The South i in the hands ut Government us clay in th? Liaiids of tue potter. In seeking to uvcrthrow the Guvernmeut of ike. United ?tates, it de i t ruy ed itself. President Lincoln ?os been, jverruled, ?Vtsident Johnson is overruled. ;he Congressional policy of 'iii and Jo2 h ?verru.'oJ, and now all the civil, provisiona md elected- Governments ol' ten States ari ntbe handset'five U. S...Milita y G.?ver lors. Writing here in sight ol' - Stone Mou:i ;aio aud Lockout. Mountain, amt lite Ketie .aw, watching where Gen. Sheririan i-wuug his irmy in one direction, and Gea. Jounston in mother-iojti:'.gai. the Ueadipuirlers of Hood md Polk-waikieg over the ground where he brave McPherson ?ell-seeing- yet the urns of war all ajong hom tin*. borders ot' he Tennessee to this " Gate City," a thou and miles above the sea-one can- .ber tn magine the necessities ?nd penalties, thar, tpon nur.-irg under his own vine ?md tig tree i home. 1 am not surprised, therefore, ai he eager desire of. brave and mistaken mer 0 rebuild what has been torn down. The leeds o? thousands of widows and orphan. einajd this. even if there were no higher ap i.als. You. take my life when you do tajkt lie means whereby I live," is ;i? ima ar leasi f the Christian as of the Hebrew. There .re, let no Northeim man ven;urn to blame ii . S .nih lor submitting to inevitable neces itv. The principle ?aid down by Dlucl'ston.. bat " any Government is better linn none t all," in this case decides the issue. . Mili ?try monarchy, in our part ot' North Anu ri a. is so repugnant to all mw ideas of liberty, hat any peaceable means of get'ing lid of i' 1 eKomable, if not commendable. One thing, however, elates a burning fi er at the South.and tuttis the demand made po.; the people, through the Constitutional mendtneiit. lo dishonor tue leaders of the ^hellion. Ail these leaders were made R" y tho people then:selves, or by their repre .rn; ali ves, If Congress chooses to dishonor lietn they will submit with becoming grace, nd the i nd secured through ibis act, like jany others, will be involution of the Con litulfen : but do not, they imp'oie us, com J thcSoutbern people themselves to strike pru men they, p!;ic^d in the bom rank by a< ir own nets. Such an appeal, surely, ouglr. > bc appreciated, siuce almost every odie,: einaitd. and ijhdced, every other exaction, ?lt be co2;ceded. . > - The confiscation rftolutions adopted at th? tte meeting of negroes in Richmond prov 3 lie banelul eil?ct of the political teaching ?hich they receive from tuc llunuicutts of th-2 xtretnq Radical party. In tho eye of every ?tMightfui man, confiscation r.dmits of only ne interpretation, lt is thc equivalent of uncra!.spoliation, bloodshed and anarch), here oan be no liberty without order, anduo rder without aniple protection for the rights f property. Invade tucec rights, and iucu! ite the idea that one class ?hail bc perniitte.l j seize and enjoy the lands and hqusesif pother, class, and from that moment the out'u will become a second San Domingo, to ?d only in the extermination of whites cr lack-. This may be a strong statement of ic cse, but it is the truth. Aud the mea ho go about familiarizing the negroes with io demand, and persuading them of its juli ne, should be dealt wita hy the military itnmanders *as incendiaries.-New York 'imcs. GKN?U.\II SICKLES ANB RELIEF MEASURE?. ?.The. admirable and beneficent regulador s ?tablished by General Sickles, will do him isling honor. Instead of using his high owers to oppress, ho ls using them for the roteetiop, and. peace of the people. He is o'mg what the Legislature of South Caroliia ?fused to do... He shows, far, more respect ir the suffering and distress of the .country ian the majority'of the. public men of ttis ?atc, who, contrary to .manifest justice and ightj win?lly continued'.the heathenish kw. f imprisonment f.rdeht in ?TI cases.--Grbc'n ille Enterprise. cl Dearest, ComcKiss Me. - A Wcitcru paper publishes the following: " " Dearest, come kiss mc: uiy'llps uro yet warm, And my bosom still pants from the clasp, of thy arm; t ?. The bloort dances ?wildly through-eo-.-li throbbing voin;. i, . . '. ". But I droop. Oh ! I droopi lor thy "kisses again." Tb which"a very "fresh" young gentleman promptly replied : " Jce-roo-sa-lcm !-dearest, I dart liltoa (jib ;. My lips shall with kisses respond to thy wishj I'll check not tho blood thrilling wild In each vein ; Bat I'll stop thee from drooping' for kissers again. Then turn up thy bill, love, I'll pounce like a bird; ' ' _ And through vale and through ferait the smack shall be heard. If you suiTcr for kisses, I am thar ' you may bet/ And I'll .kiss thee from morn till thc su? shall bo ?et. .'. Come kiss theo I why, by thundor, I'm one of that kind; ' I'm tho chap of all others you arc trying to find ! So you needn't look further-I'm in ?'or a chance, Tho' tho blood should' ' cavoort'-ami your pubes may dance. So bring on tho fruits,-lo ve-your kisses I mean ; Pori dream now of nothing''".Ur- peaches.and cream ; ". I'm waiting and pantbg,.und praying till then; So como along, dearest, as quick as you can. ' -*-m^*m?**m ? - Froji tba Oawego X. Y., Palladitm, lath.' Horrible Solution of a Mystery-,-A Child Eaten by Snakes. In the early part of the month of August hst a girl named Eliza Drummond, about ll years .ui'agc, whose patents live near the town -of West Monroe iu this county, left her homo one morniug for the.purpose ot picking ber ries, and never returned. Thc most diligent search was made for her by the parents and neighbors, but no traces could be found. Sie had,not been drowned,, for all places where there was water were carefully examined, even to wells and cisterns in the neighborhood. After weeks of fruitless search and inquiry thc afflicted patents gave up their child for lost. It was reported that a uand of vagrants tiad been seen near.-the locality about tho time of I he disappearance, anji the opinion prevailed that the child had been stolen and carried away by tbe.^gypsies. Thc event; which created a profound sensa tion at tito t?:ne, had almost passed from the minds ol' ail save thc stricken parents, when it was painfully recalled by a recent occur rence. On Tuesday last five or six lads we/it out hnutiug in thc vicinity, and during the day caine upon a spot whCre a large number of black snakes were discovered and killed. TMc appearance of thc reptiles ?r? stich largo numbers and nt t'tis season of the year, was considered remarkable,- and it was suggested by one of thc party that a breeding den must b? somewhere neitr. A search was imincdi au ly commenced which resulted in a manner far different from their expectations. Ic thc tide bf thc hill near the edge of a swamp was lound sort of opening, which, in the summer, was concealed by tull grafts' and bushes. Iii thc opening was found a hu ?an skeleton 'rom which every particle of ll ?h had bien taken. Thc bo::es were tis white as ivory nndviit'peri'-ct. Near I>~ v:v. :i tin pail in a rusted condition and a tin cup. The boj's were terribly frightened end ga>e thc alarm. Thc remains ?vero t::kcn Irom ;hc moiuh of thc den, and au examination show?d that thc place had Leen, and probably now was a breeding place for black snakes. I'he boldest hesitated to enter. TLc cnl :rauce. which was larg'.' enough ?or thc admis* ?iou o? a man's body, grew.smaller and tended lownward. Lighted babs of bay soaked in cerosene were t?rown Into tho cavity, and in .jss'tli.'?n 10 minutes eighty-two snakes, rang? ag in length from 1.} to 4 feet frere ki.lcd. ^Tiie pail and cup were recognized by Mr. ind Mrs. Drummond ns these ?ken by their : h i I ii when ?be wcut away for ?he last timo. L'iie physician*-pronounced the remains those >f a ieaule ebijd, ?nd there caa Lo no doubt mt that the pool gul, while picking berries ii thc vicinity of thu spot, became tired, eatol herself in Ibo w!;ai!v ol' the opening tn h's horrid den, and was attacked by the rep lies in numbers and killed. The discovery ins chocked the whole commit: ityj and al aost prostrated the stricken parents, whose, itarts are made to bleed ttncwat the thought f the horrib'e fate which deprived them cf heir child. m . . -. . ? . -- NKGKO Ori.viox.-Some of thp^cUy regrets re not yet blitzed by their dc?r NorU?cj? rieuds. At a Selma muss meeting, irresp?c ive of color, tho conservative speeches were lade by negroes, tbe Radical .??cec-hes by lean white min. whose record for Unionism tiring tire war was about1 as fragrant os nu :en'ogg. Herc ja the substance of netrro s?liinony ai Selma :y ,; A scoe maker in town said thai, in bis pinion, ' some cf our old inastersj what they all secesb, are enough lutter than some bf ie peopie irbat they Cai! Union : as for bin ait, he was going to stand by bis people.' ? " ile believed one thing-. if tk? sccesh bad ulled In thc darkies to help them they could ave whipped thc Yankees with corn stu.k1;. Uri ;s of put bim down ] Heretic" St cres ri ; caught hold of the speaker's r. at tail :n;ll ' ried to pull him down, ont thc textura Of tim loth Wud strorg, a:.d (h?*speaker insistid po?: tb.e indefeasible ii.?lit of an Ameritan tiz -n io speak his mind, and continued to peak it. " . ?' Another colored man, a minister, said ho* ad one amendment to offer io thc SfeormaT? ill. He wanted the Christian's Bible added ) it. His political principles were 1 peace ad good'will to al! men.' " 240,000 cigars were se'..-.cl in Montgomery, \- United-States detectives. Ih'ej bad beeri jniug? xii ashore at Pensacola, and rc-thip ipd direct liy ver to that city. ... . ' ??f* A physician of Goshen, thirty niilss frrmi incinnati, named Hanker, sixty years 013, toni- ? ittcd suicide on Thursday, because bis children ?posedhis marrying again. He bequeathed' bli atck and carriage to tho widow bc had intended lo.id to thc altar, and reiruested taa.t be bo med in bis proposed uridul gorb. . - , ggf Jamas ltobinson, tho bare back rider, xompanicd by his wife and son Clarence, sail r Paris on tho 10th inst. Mr. Rolinson is en igcd to perform with thc American Circus during 0 Exposition, f?5>* About 100,000 pounds of a ,;cod quality ' sugar, made from thc beet root, hr ve just been coived at Sprincficld, Illinois, iron a manuf?c".' ry recently established in Livingston connfY; linois. Tho experiment is pronoun ced a success id great results arc anticipated.* 23^ lt is said that Ucrc arc at least 2?,0CO lildrcn in Philadelphia who do not i.ttcnd school. ?57** A letter bearing the folio wk g inscript?cn as drooped juto tho Newark post effice'without' .y stamp :-"Bummer's letter; shovc.it ahead; ?ad broke and nary a rod. Postmaster put thia, tier through ; when I get paid I'll pay you.'-' Jg)* An inoffensive organ-grinder was stoned 1 death near New York a'few days ago, bya irty of ton or twclvo "boyV. Ten of 'thc-' young itbariaua arc now in jail. Their v ctim lingered ireo or four days, HT Paddy says tba; people wht don't beliovo . i purgatory, mr.y go fartner and do worse. <* ?S3* At ono of the schools in Ch icago the m ?ctjtor aikod tbo..?hildrci, jf they epuldgr?j^my ix^in tho Scripture which.-ftstado Atpuuhading vo wives. Ono nf tho. chillr?n cicely quoted, i rop'y, tuc text : " No maa can servo two maa :rs." wm