University of South Carolina Libraries
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CRUMP, DAVISON & CO., Commission Merchants, COTTON FACTORS, AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN GROCERIES, LIQUORS, TOBACCO, SE GARS, Bacon, Lar??, Flour, Grain, BAGGING, ROPE AND GUANO, 209 Broad Street, AUGUSTA, GEORGIA. WITH s view of extending our business, we have th'u day taken in Partnership Mr. WM. B. DAVISON, who for many years waa a prominent Merchant-of this City,'and who is well known throughout tho South. We present to tho trade facilities second to no house in the South, and shall keep constantly on hood such loading articles as are sot forth is.our Card, guaranteeing to give entire satisfaction. GEO. B. CRUMP A CO. We are also prepared to do a COTTON BUSI NESS, and solicit Consignments from Planters, plodging ourselves to obtain the highest Cash market prices, our MR. DAVISON having had fifteen years experience in the business. In addition to our supply of Groceries, etc., we are IMPORTING THE PURE NO. 1 PERU VIAN GUANO, which we will guarantee genu ine, and will also keep the BEST PHOSPHATES and only those wo can recommend to Farmers as a genuino article. Your business is most earnestly solicited. CRUMP, DAVISON &s<CO" 20? Broad St., AUGUSTA, GEORGIA. Aug 14 3m 33 JOHN * TfiOS. A. BONES, AUGUSTA, GA., H LAVE on hand a Direct Importation of Rodger's TABLE and POCKET CUTLERY ; PAD LOCKS with Mastor Keys ; ANVILS, BELLOWS, VICES; TRACES, Glob* Work FILES ; SHOVELS, SPADES, AXiiS ; AGRICULTURAL TOOLS, Ac, Ac. We will continue to receive a fine assortment of HARDWARE,-which wc offer low. Augusta, Aug 7 4t 3? J. S. COLES, FACTOR AND FORWARDING MERCHANT, 144 Reynold Street, (Near South Curoliua Depot,) AUGUSTA, GA. Will Sel! Cotton and Produce Gen erally, OR RECEIVE THE SAME ON STORAGE. Will Famish or Purchase Planters' Supplies. Augusta, Aug 15 ?m 33 FLEMING & WRIGHT, COMMISSION MERCHANTS. No. ?, Warren Block, AUGUSTA. GEORGIA, BUY AND SELL ON COMMISSION BACON, LARD, FLOUR, GRAIN, AND SUPPLIES OF ALL KINDS. jSe^Consignmcnts of COTTON particularly solicited, for which we have CLOSE, FIRE PROOF STORAGE. Augusta, Aug 13, 4m 33 JONES, SMYTH & C0. 192 Broad Street, AUGUSTA, GA., "Wholesale and ?lecail DEALERS IN STOVES, RANGES, TIN WARE, &C, Ac, OFFER TO THE PUBLIC THE CELEBRATED Harvest Queen Cook Stove, Of various sizes, either with or without Copper Boiler attached. This Stove has been favorably known in tho South for several years, and from the largo number sold since tho War we cnn safely reeoni snond it as being ju:t what is required for this section of country, and when furnished with Copper Boiler forms as complete a Cook Stove as ?ver offered to the public. Wo also keep a large supply ol' general House Fu-raiphing Goods, such as Silver Plated, Bri tania and Planished Ware, Wooden and Willow Wore, Cutlery, Ac, Ac. ty We would coll tho attention of Country Merchants to our Stock of Manufactured Tin Ware, Whic? ce uffiar to the trade at very low prices. JONES, SSOTH & co., Formerly S. S. JONES * CO. Augusta, Aug 27 3m35 PURE PERUVIAN GUANO ! \VE ARE NOW RECEIVING A PURE ARTICLE OF No. 1 PERUVIAN GUANO. Planters will send in their ORDERS FOR THE WHEAT CROP. CRUMP, DAVISON & CO., ?.209 Broad St, Augusta, Ga. Aug 27 1m 35 A Great Preventive of Sickness! DENNIS' TUE PUREST AND TUE BEST! USEFUL io any disease in which a Medicino is necessary te ut on tho Liver, keep the Bowels free and hcait?jr or pur.fy the blood It produces an evacuation of tne morbid bile in cases of billiousness, and impcores the complex ion ami general health. . If it is taken at the first symptoms of disease but Httlo medicine will bc necessary in a family Prepared by J. DENNIS, M. D., Augusta, Ga. Augusta, July 30 lm 31 Administrator's Notice. ALL persona having cia ns against the Estate of HENRY C. HERLONG, deceased, either as principal or surety, are requested to furnish me with copies of their demands by tho 10th day of j October next H. T. WRIGHT, Adm'or., With the will annexed. August. 6_4t_3?_ Estate Notice. ALL persons indebted to the Estate of MARY TROTTER, deceased, are requosted-to pay the Mme as early ss possible. Those having claims against the said Estate are notified to ren der them is to the undersigned properly attested. A. DaLOACH, ) , B. T. JENNINGS, j Admors ! . Lettice White* Br JEAX INGELOTS-. My neighbor White ; we met to-day, Ho always bad a cheerful way, As if he breathed at ease ; . My neighbor White lives down the glade, And I live higher, in the shado Of my old walnut trees. So many lads, and lasses small, To feed them all, to clothe them all, Must surely tax his wit ; I see bis thatch when I look out, His branching roses creep about, And vines half smother it. Thrre white-haired urchins climl bis eaves, And little watch-fires heap with caves And milky filberts hoard; And there his oldest daughter stinds With downcast eyes, and skillful hands Before hor ironing-board. She comforts all her mother's da; s, And with her sweet, obedient wa] s She makes her labor light ; So sweet to hear, so fair to see, 0, she is much too good for me, That lovely Lettice White ! 'Tis bard to feel one's self a fool ! With that same lass I went to schcol, I then was great, and wise ; She read upon an easier book, And I-I never cared to look Into her sky blue oyes. And now I know they must bc the:*, Sweet eyes, behind thoso lashes fai r, That will not raise their rim ; If maids be shy, ho cares who can - But if a man be shy-a man Why then the worse for him ! My mother cries, " For such a lad A wife is easy to bb had, And always to be found ; . A finer scholar scarce can be, And for a foot and leg," says she, "Ho beats tho country round. "My handsome boy must stoop his head, Tc clear her door, whom he would ved ;" Weak praise, but fondly sung ! "0 mother, scholars somotimes fail - And what can foot and log avail, To him that wants a tongue !" When by her ironing-board I sit, Uer little sisters round mc flit, And bring mo forth their store; Dork cluster gropes of dusty blue, And small sweet apples, bright of hi e, And crimson to the core. But she abideth silent, fair : All shaded by her flaxen hair, Thc blushes como, and go ; I look, and I no more can spenk Than thc rod sun that on her cheek Smiles as he beth low. Sometimes the roses by thc latch, Or scarlet vine-loaves from ber thatc b, Como sailing down like birds; When from their drifts her board I c ear She thanks mc, but I scarce can bea The shyly-uttered words. Oft have I wooed sweet Lcttico Whit :, Bj- day-light, and by candle-light When wo two wero apart. Some better day, come on apace, And lot iae tell ber face to face : " Maiden, thou hast my heart !" How gently rock yon poplars high, Against the roach of primrose sky With heaven's pale candles stored ! Shu socs them all, sweet Letticc WhitOj I'll :'ec go sit again to-night Beside ber ironing-board ! Concillintion. . Conciliation is a good thing. Thc papers are full of it. Every body is talking about it from Mr. Johnson to the littlest tipenny orator who yearns for thc flesh pots of Egypt. It comes up into our ears upon every breeze and, amid the dreary sahara of politico, it is a sweet oasis to note the many handsome things said in its favour. Now we, t.)0, are for conciliation. As wo said, when commen cing, it is a good thing-a most excellent good thing and we aro happy to b ?ar our poor testimony in its behalf. We are not, to be sure, from a certain infirmity of constitu tion, quite in that frame of mind whick would lead us to shed tears at Yankee Du -dlc or raptuously embrace the "dearold Flat ," but, for all that, have a kindly heart toward any body who will speak kindly toward us and mean it. But he, she, it, or they mus. mean it, mark you. Fine words butter no ps rsnips, and we are tired of having men call ts their Dearly Beloved, though Somewhat 1 Irring, Brother jost as they are about to perpetrate some fresh rascality upon us. We vant to sec Conciliation as well as hear it. Hawk and turkey harmony is a thing we do i ot un derstand, and we are not willing to do all the forgetting and forgiving by our lone selves, with norning to show for it. Jefferson Davis is in prison and wu want to'see him out. The old excuse ofpclicyis threadbare to us now. "We are sick of being told that f it would embarrass the Pres dent," to let him go. Justice, Mercy, Honor, never embarrass any man. If Mr. Johnson thinks be must let Mr. Davis die in captivity lest his release should strengthen the Radicals, what does he mean by makin? such defiant speeches against them as that delivered by him in Washington on'Saturday la'it. If Policy does'nt forbid his denouncing them to their very teeth as tyrants, oppressors, and scoundrels, why should Policy forbid his act ing a little that way and letting a dyin-sr cap tive go ? Come, let us see a little conciliation. We have heard about it long enough. If it is ever going to mean anything let it mean it now. Give Mr. Davis a trial or let him go. Constitutionalist. Tho New York Herald gives the following true but exceedingly imperfect epitome of what thc radicals in the present Congress, have done : Since tho present Congress was in session we have seen how the radical element has been striving for power by every means, re gardless of thc good of ^the country ; bow it has been drawing tighter and tighter the band around the President, in the hope of crushing out tho authority of the Executive and con centrating power in the hands of a clique of unscrupulous politicians. For this end the radicals have assailed Mr. Johnson in vitupe rative language unworthy of the lowest class of society. They have heaped taxations upon tho people in every shape without mercy. They hayo kept the country disorganized, ad vocated and insisted upon disunion, crippled the resources of an entire section, kept up the prices of the necessaries of life to the masses, checked the progress of a nat'on for a whole year, and Bet on foot jobs of tho most scandalous character, which involved fabulous sums of the public money for their own benefit. -' . ' {gr A coane, ill-natured fellow, died one day, and bis friends assembled at his funortj, but no one bad a good word to say about the deeeased. Even at the grave all wore silent At length a good-hearted German, os ho turned to go home, said : " Veil, he vas a goot sohmoker.V ggr A paper in Cherokee, Miss., says that, a $10 bill hu bees soon in th? country recently, as4feai ?prited oaofe cwwH/. GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, \ COLUMBIA, September 4, i860. J Gentlemen of the Senate and House of Representatives : I have convened the General Assembly in extraordinary session, for the purpose of re commending such modifications of existing laws with reterence to persons of color as "..yill e ititlc the tribunals of this State to exer cise jurisdiction over them in all caBes; such a re-organization of these tribunals as may be best adapted to this end ; such enactments as will effect greater certainty, as well aa . economy, in the punishment of crime amongst all classes ; and lastly, such measures of re lief as, in my judgment, are necessaay, in view of tho present condition of tho people. It is a striking anomaly, that more than one-half of all the inhabitants of thc State are not amenable to trial before the State tribunals, and are exempt from all liability to punishment under State laws._ In ?ma jority of the Districts, neither Provost nor freedmen's Courts are in existence, and per sons of color perpetrate crime with impunity. Some of their gravest offences against socie ty are tried before Military Commissions, but the long delay in bringing the criminal to justice, the necessity oftentimes of removing him to a remoto place, where a Commission is organized for trial, the difficulty of secur ing the attendance of witnesses, and the ex pense devolved upon the prosecutor, conspire to render such tribunals wholly inefficient in punishing tho guilty, or deterring others from perpetrating crime. Where Provost Courts are organized, the punishments imposed on freedmen for crime are not in conformity to our laws, and are much lighter than punishments imposed by State Courts upon white men for tho same offences. The laws of every well-regulated' State should operate equally upon all the inhabitants, and if a white man is punishable by death for arson or burglary, there is no justice or propriety in permitting -a freed man to escape for a like offence with a flue or light imprisonment. When our laws arc so modified that all persons may be tried be fore the same tribunal, and, upon conviction, subjected to the same punishment, for the same class of offences, all reason for the in terference of Federal authority with the ad ministration of justice will have ceased, and no impediment will exist to the jurisdiction of the State Courts over all cases, civil and criminal. In thc series of Acts, passed in December last, known as the Code, there are various discriminatiousagainst freedmen, which should be repealed, and civil rights and liabilities as to crime should be accorded to all inhabi tants alike. The last section of the Act to establish District Courts provides that M the Judges elected uader this Act shall not be com missioned until the Governor shall bc satis lied that they will be permitted to exercise the jurisdiction committed to them." The Judges have not been commiisioned, having satisfied myself that they would not bc permitted by the military authorities to exercise jurisdiction over persons of color, which was tho main purpose in establishing the Courts. The District Court may, how ever, be made invaluable, by increasing its jurisdiction in civil, and reslrictiug it in crim inal cases to oflbiices punishable with less than death, thereby relieving the superior Courts of many cases which retard the des patch of more important business. I therefore recommend that the sittings of the Court be quarterly, or oftener, if necessa ry ; tba', all misdemeanors and felonies now punishable by fine, imprisonment or whip piug, by whomsoever committed, bo tried in that Court : that all felonies punishable by death, including the diff?rent degrees of hom icicle, be tried by tho Court of General Sus sions ; that the offices of a grand jury be dis pensed within the District Court, and defen - dants tried on indictment without present ment or true bill ; that, with tho consent of the parties in civil cases, or of the defendant in criminal cases, the presiding Judge may hear and determine any cause or indictment without thc intervention of a petit jury ; that the petit jury shall consist of twelve, and the venire of eighteen ; that in case of thc ac quittal of the defendant, the Judge he author ized to certify, if in bis opinion thc facts jus tify it, that the prosecution was frivolous or groundless, and when such certificate is giv en, that the prosecutor be liable for all the costs incurred ; that no other security to pros ecute bo required by a Magistrate from a complainant than his own recognizance ; that the jurisdiction of the Court in civil cases be extended to ?200 ; and that the jury be paid for their services by a fee taxed on each^case they may try. By the thirtieth section of the " Act to es tablish District Courts" it is provided " that in every ease, civil and criminal, in which a person of color is a party, or which affects thc person or property of a person of color, persous of color shall be competent wit nesses." The accused in such a criminal case, and the parties in every such a civil case, may be witnesses, and so may every other person who is a competent witness, etc." The first paragraph of this section, admit ting parsons cf color to testify in all cases where themselves or thejr race are directly concerned, and excluding them by implica tion in all cases where they are not interest ed, cannot be reconciled with sound policy or just discrimination. They are admitted in that class of cases where their interest, sympathy, association and feelings would be most likely to pervert their consciences and invite to false swearing, and are excluded from testifying in all cases whero no motive could exist to swear falsely, except that of a depraved heart. Tho distinction is illogical and indefensible, and it cannot bc denied that it has its foundation in a prejudice against the cask of the negro. If the rules of evidence in all the Courts wero so modi fied as to make all persons and parties com petent witnesses in their own and all other cases, no possible danger could result from it. Many of the State? of the Union, and several pf the civilized countries of tho old world, have tried the experiment, and the result proves that thc cause of truth and jus tice has been thereby promoted. The ob ject ot every judicial investigation is to as certain the truth, and when found, to dis pense justice in conformity thereto. With intelligent Judges and discriminating juries, correct conclusions will bc moro certaiuly at tained by hearing every fact, whatever may be the character or color of the witness. In the second paragraph of tho section al ready quoted, thc General Assembly have reached the same conclusion ; for in all cases where persons of color aro allowed to testify, all persons, including parties, are declared competent witnesses. Would it not be em inently wise to adopt the samo rule in all Courts, and extend it to all persons? In civil cases, the testimony of persons of color is oftentimes requisite to elucidate the facts and secure a just decision. They con stitute a majority of the entire population of the State, and of necessity are often sole wit nesses of contracts and transactions between white persons. Shall the parties in such cases be denied justice, by excluding tho on ly epidonce to secure it, because of an ap prehension that it may be in a measure unre liable ? Would it Dot bp more in accordance with an established rule, to receive the evi dence and weigh its value ? In the law of evidence, the character and standing of a . witrnfrOTtodtabs* cwdihifity, and ?ot his competency. Why not, in the case of tho person of color, follow this mle to its logi cal conclusion? In criminal cases, these conmderatious weigh with peculiar force. The negro.is read ily deceived and corrupted, and becomes an easy prey to the machinations., of depraved white men ; and past experience teaches that he is employed to execute the most dishonest purposes, and with impunity to the principal, because of his exclusion as a witness from the Courts of justice. The shrewd and cun ning continue to put the negro forward in the commission o? crime, and they go unwhipped of justice, because the law forbids that the testimony of the negro shall be heard. . Does not the exclusion of persons of color make them invaluable accessories to the perpetra tion of crime ?: How can society be protec ted against that large class of infamous crimes now so prevalent in this State, unless by mak ing the negro a competent witness, we avail ourselves of all accessible evidence to convict the offenders ? And will the law ot the State continue to offer a reward to the dishonest to further tempt and corrupt the negro ? The well-being of the State materially depends upon the elevation of this class of our popu lation, and if there was no other argur snt in behalf of their admissibility to our Courts, the tendency of such a measure to elevate their moral and intellectual character would be sufficient. The dishonest mayobjectto the extension of this right to all cases, because it reduces the field for hi s nefarious operations, but if thegood and virtuous are protected, society is amply compensated for the change. Men of probity and integrity have no reason to apprehend any evil consequences from the change. The discrimination of intelligent Judges- and ju ries will bc a shield against.*unjust charges supported by false swearing, and the same in telligence will bring the really guilty to con dign punishment. The great increase of crime among the freedmen, and the inade quate punishment inflicted by existing tribu nals, make it a high and important duly de volved on you to so modify existing legisla tion as will secure a transfer of jurisdiction to thc State Courts. If the suggestions I have made do not meet the approval of your judg ment, I will cordially co-operate with you in attaining the end in any way ?which your su perior wisdom may indicate. The prevalence of crime among the whites, as well aa blacks, in every part of the State, admonishe > us that the criminal code is defec tive, and that the punishments imposed by it arc inadequate to deter offenders. Thc pen alties attaching to crime are fine, imprison ment, whipping and deaths The death pen alty is imposed on conviction for murder, arson, burglary and other crimes ; but the re pugnance of juries to convictand impose that tearful penalty, except for murder and two or three other enormous crimes agair.3t soci ety, often enables the guilty to escape under the most trifling pretext ; and even when per sons are convicted in such cases, the verdict is usually accompanied by. recommendation to executive clemency. There is no proper punishment,, under the laws of this State, for high misdemeanor-? and petty felonies. None bf the jails of thc State are constructed for work-houses, and convicts sentenced to imprisonment spend their time in idleness. The expense to the State is very great, and, .jn our impoverished condition, the people cannot well bear the heavy taxation necessary to support these convicts in idleness. There are many con victs who find themselves comfortably housed and well-fed, and who, exempt from all labor, do not regard imprisonment as a punishment. They are vicious, depraved nun producers ; and the effort to puuish ihein is really a pun ishment to the honest tax-payer, whose Ub'ir, in part at least, is given to support them in indolence. Thc number of convicts will hereafter be greatly increased, and, if the present system of punishments be continued, the appropriations to j .lors, for dieting priso ners, will be greater than the expenditure for either of the department* of the State Gov ernment. To remedy all these cvi!Gf 1 re spectfully recommend that you provide for the establishment of a penitentiary, at Co lumbia, and appropriate not loss than $20,000 to erect a wail around the penitentiary build ings, and to make cells for couvicts. Much of the labor, in erecting the necessary build ings, can be performed by the convicts them selves. If a favorable site should be selected, convenient to sufficient water power to drive all the machinery that may bc requisite to carry on manufactures in wood, leather, iron, yarns and cloth, the penitentiary may bo made nearly if not quite self-supporting. Punishments may then be imposed according to the enormity of thc offence ; juries will have no aversion to convicting the guilty, and convicts, while undergoing purgation fur their crimea, will be compelled to carn their cloth ing and subsistence. The completion of thc prison and thc in troduction of thc requisite machinery will, of course, be a work of time ; but if proper economy is practiced in buildiugand stocking it, the expenso will hardly be felt; and, in thc meantime, the convicts can be subsisted as cheaply as in the District jaiia, whilst the labor of such as aro not required on the buildings, can be devoted to the various manu factures of leather, wood and iron, yielding a fund to tho State to meet the expenses of their subsistence. If you should determine to establish a penitentiary, it will bc necessary thal the punishments now imposed by law bc so changed as to conform to-the new prison sys tem. Before passing from the subject of the criminal law, 1 desire to invite your atten tion to the necessity for more Stringent legis lation for the suppression of vagrancy. The law should not only provide for the punish ment of idle and dissolute persens, who are permanently domiciled, but should extend to .ransient persons wandering over the State, and who have no visible means of support ; and the duty of enforcing the law should be devolved, under stringent penalties, upon tho Clerks, Sheriffs, Magistrates and Oonstabl?s of the several Districts. Since your adjournment in December last, the Court of Errors in this State have, with a single dissenting opinion, declared the Stay Law and all amendments thereto unconstitu tional. This decision has produced restive ness and dissatisfaction in many parts of thc State. Public meetings have been held in soveral Districts, and the Legislature has been appealed to, to furnish some protection to the debtor class, who anticipate general sueing in the fall term of the Courts. After a careful examination of tho opinion of the able aud learned Chief Justice, as well as other authorities, I feel it my duty to say that I concur fully in the opinion of the Court, and believe that their exposition of the constitutional question is unanswerable. Tho people of South Carolina have boen proverbially law abiding ; and when anarchy reigned supremo, after the fall of the Confed eracy, lawlessness was universally discouraged by the better classes in every community. Now, when civil law is restored and wo are remitted to our own laws and Courts to pro tect rights and redress wrongs, surely no citi zen of good repute will advise tumult and violence against the solemn iedgmont of tho highest judicial tribunal in the State. In view of tho circumstances surrounding na-when it is remembered that the State has just emerged from a long and disastrous war, in which not only her sons but her re sources were prodigally bestowed ; that our banks have all been destroyed ; that more than three hundred millions of property have been annihilated ; that all the fountains of credit ?nd property hara been fcrofcepup; that oar system'of labor has been thorough disorganized ; that the refreshing and revi1 fying showers have been withheld from parched and exhausted soil, and that war if not famine, will keep ghastly vigils mansion and in hovel; when it is remember! that nearly all of the merchants of the Sta have been able to comproraisetheir indebte ness to Northern merchants on most liber torras-surely, the creditor class will practh forbearance and give their debtors still furt er indulgence. If compelled to enforce co lections, they should, in the same fair an liberal spirit, make compromises with debtor so as not to drive them and their familit from home, kindred ?md friends The existing?embarrassmcnts growing ot of the indebtedness of the conntry will, lik other evils, produce beneficial results. Debtoi will find it to their interest to make final ac ju8tment of their debts, even though they ar compelled to surrender their property. A long as their debts remain, interest will b accumulating to culminate in more disastrou bankruptcy. If they surrender their proper ty, now, to creditors, they can resume occu pattons and labor with cheerfulness-knowini that its proceeds will, sooner or later, rebuili their broken fortunes. The debtor who desires to compromise witl his creditors has the means of corapellinj the veriest Shylock to accept fair terms, o exclude him in all share of his estate by as signment, giving liberal creditors the prefer enco, or by voluntary confession of judgment Believing that no Stay Law can be passed embracing antecedent debts, that will no conflict with that clause of tho Constitntior of the United States which declares that " m Slate shall pass any law impairing the obliga tions of contracts," I respectfully recommend for your consideration for the relief of debt ors : 1st. That imprisonment for debt, on mern and final process, bc abolished, except in case of fraud ; and then, as a punishment for thc crime rathor than as a means of enforcing payment of the debt. 2d. That no costs be taxed against a de fendant, either for the officers of the Court or for the Attorney. 3d. That *V Insolvent Debtor's Laws bc so extended as that any debtor may, by peti tion, after due notice, summon in all his credi tors, and, upon assigninghis estate and effects for their benefit, be discharged from all furth er liability, not only to sueing, but to all other creditors. Being thus relieved from the incubus resting on him, the honest and en terprising debtor will go to work with alacrity and prove himself a useful member to society. The Congress; of the*United States has au thority, under the Constitution, to pass uni form laws of bankruptcy ; but there is no prohibition upon thc States, and as CongrC5S has not exercised the authority delegated to them, the States may, with great propriety, pass such laws-and they will continue of loree, uutil Congress adopts a general bank rupt act-which would supersede all State legislation on the subject. The General Bankrupt Act of 1841, passed by the Congress of thc United States, extend ed its provisions to antecedent debts, and its constitutionality was not controverted by the Courts. No Constitutional obstacle, there fore, would preclude the General Assembly from incorporating the same feature in their legislation. It is proper here to remark, that if a Stay Law cjuld be passed which could be free from all constitutional objection, it would not pro tect debtors from snit in thc Federal Courts. A creditor residing in thc State who had de termined to enforce tho payment of his debt, could readily trausfor it to a non-resident, and if thc sum exceeded live hundred dollars, such non-resident could atones institute suit in thc Uuitcd States Court, recover judgment, ibntic execution and sell the dcblor'tl proper ty, notwithstanding thu cxisleucc ol a Stay Law. Such a law would not bo recognized or enforced in a Federal Court. Thc complete disorganization of thc labor of thu State in iSfiu, resulted in the produc tion of very short provisiou crops ; and to supply thu deficiency, large quantities of brcadstuffs have already been imported into the State, at enormous cost. The imperfect organization of thc system of fr.-o labor, and the unprecedented drought which has pre vailed during the months ol' July and August, throughout the Sia;c, a.s well a:i an unusually short wheat crop, foreshadow a gloomy future for thc poople for the tifxt year. Coming as you do from every District, you have the means of making anestima'e, approximating accuracy, of the extent of the failure of thc provision crop, and what amount ol' supplies will be Deeded to save the poor, dependent and helpless from starvation. I invite your earnest and prompt consideration <*" the sub Jcct Sound political economy ordinarily con demns thc feeding of its population by the Government, as the inevitable consequences are to increase idleness, pauperism and crime. But where the provision crop of a whole coun try is destroyed hy blight, or where produc tion ia suspended by long continued drought, and thp deficiency is traceable to these causes rather than to the idleness of the population, humanity and sound policy alike justify thc Government in lending or giving its means to save '.he people from starvation-to arrest that increase of crime, which want always produces, and to stay emigration to more favored localities. Thc present population is insufficient to lill the soil of the State, and to develop its resources ; and it is a high duty of thc Government to remove, as far as pos sible, the necessity for emigration beyond its borders. The embarrassment of supplying food for the needy will bc greatly increased after thc first of October, wheu the Freed men's Bureau will cease to issue rations for the indigontand helpless whites and freedmen, who have been heretofore furnished with sub sistence. You may find it necessary to in crease the powers, duties and responsibilities of tho Commissioners of the Poor, and to organize such bodies in all Districts of thc State. ?n most of the Districts, land and buildings have hcretolorc been acquired ai.d erected for the whites, but they must be en larged, so as to provide accommodations for pauper, idiotic and helpless freedmen. Tho failure of the Boards of Commission ers of the Poor to provide for the helpless, ia a great crime against humanity, aud addi tional penalties should bc imposed by law against such a neglect or refusal to perform properly this philanthropic duty. Tho capitation tax imposed by you, at thc last session of the Legislature, on freedmen, has not generally been collected. The Comp troller General, following a suggestion made by me and approved by thc Attorney Gene ral, instructed the Tax-Collectors not to is sue executions against thc lrcedraen, for the capitation tax, until thc prosentsession of tho Legislature. This was to avoid all conflict with tho military authorities, arising out of the fact that our courts were not used for the protection of the freedmen, and no provision was made for tho support of the infirm and helpless. Whenever your legislation remits the custody of persons of color to tho State laws, these executions may be issued. Proper diligence by thc Sheriffs will enforce the sat isfaction of most of these executions, and tho fuud may then bo appropriated exclusively to the support of the class from which it is derived. If you should, in your wisdom, determine to make an appropriation to buy subsistence for the indigent white and colored, the seve ral Boards of Commissioners of tho Poor, would bo, perhaps, tho best agents for its dis tribution. To meet any appropriation made, there is yo rcsccrce available, and the (ao?i can only be raised by issuing and selling State bonds. The credit of the State bas heretofore been untarnished, and a reasonable hope is enter tained that bonds issued- for such a purpose will command nearly par, in the money mar kets of the United States or Europe. As the present is a called scss-ioq, and you may desire to return to your homes at the earliest day compatible with your public du ties, I shall defer, until the regular session, bringing to your attention the general finan cial condition of the State, or making any recommendation for putting it on a safe and satisfactory basis. Under the authority of your Act authorizing the issue of bills receiv able, in payment'of thc indebtedness of the State, the Treasurer had engraved and printed bills to the amount of $390,000, and has paid ont, to tho public officers and other creditors of the State, only $150,000. Most of the Tax Collectors have made their returns, and the legal tender United States notes paid into tho Treasury, together with the bills receiva ble not yet issued, will enable its operations to be conducted wilheut embarrassment un til your regular session. Of the bills issued, there have already been redeemed, in pay ment of taxes, $"2,000. No appropriation was made to defray the expenses of "angrav ing and printing the bills, but the Treasurer, acting upon my recommendation, advanced the expenses incurred from proceed* of the loan heretofore authorized to be made. The amount paid by him was $4,436.12. I recom mend that an appropriation be made to cover this amount. If the Treasurer had declined to make the payment in advance of the appropriation, the Act could not have been carried into execu tion, without convening an extra session of the General Assembly. At thc last session of the General Assem bly, " full power and authority" was given the Governor to make " such regulations* as in bia opinion might be necessary to prevent the entrance and spread of Asiatic cholera in this State." Tn February last, I opened a correspondence with Major General tickles, with reference to the establishment of a rigid quarantine at all the seaports in the State, which resulted in thc military authorises un dertaking to establish and enforce proper quaiantine regulations. I am happy tn say to you that the duties, under order.* from General Sickles, have been well performed, and not a single case of cholera or yellow fever has occurred within the limits of the State. The work of re-organization and recon struction is progressing slowly, but steadily. Our Senators and Representatives have not been admitted to seats in the Feder.d Con gress, and we have received no relaxation from onerous taxation, notwithstanding we have buen denied representation. It is be lieved, however, that, our fellow-citiz ;ns in thc North and West will not much longer permit this flagrant injustice to be continued. The State Government is entirely reorgan ized-tbe'law Courts held their regular ses sions in thc spring, and despatched much bu siness, which has been accumulating for years, and very generally cleared the criminal dock ets. The Courts of Chancery have also been regularly held on all -the circuits. Th.) ma chinery of justice is in full operation, and private rights and public wrongs can be en forced and punished. However much all may deplore that the progress of the State has been retarded, and it3 prosperity paralyzed by loss of fortune and credit, and by short crops, the wisc and man ly course for our people is to redouble their energy-banish unavailing regrets-meet ad versity with a stout heart and brave hands, and through thc approving smiles of gr.-.cicus Heaven, our venerable mother will again bc prosp-rous, and her children contented aed happy. JAMES L. ORR. Executive Department, Sept. 5,18G6; --- - ? ?j- -- DEATH OF COI,. JOIIX HAR KESTON READ_ Tba Charleston Daily Xacs of thc 3d, .says: '.'This gentleman, who had arrived in Charles ton but tht ce or four days ago, nu bin way to Columbia lo attend the extra session of (ho Legislature, dial suddenly on Friday night, of disease ol' the heart. Col. Head represented Georgetown Di .triet lui- tuauy year-, in the House of Representatives of this Stnte with great ability and untiring zeal, and was always regarded aa a man of the higher!, character and influence by the mem bers ol' that respectable boiy. Whoo the State called npon her sons for help during the ?ate revolution, he nobly responded, and went out as the captai ti ol a company, and a! the i losc o? tho war was ono of thc field officers of his regiment. lu private lifo he was urbane, hospitable, generous and kind, being ono of those who had always boen look ed upen ns belonging to that cl tss kt.own as 'Carolina gentlemen,' and who are de creasing rapidly by death. Ile has lift a family to deplore his untimely loss, and many friends who will sincerely rogtct his de:ab." --+??? ' : DKAT:: or PROF. F. W. THOMAS.-Ai. old editor, author and poet has ^one to his iong home. After fi fry six years o? rude buffet tings with thc world) in which his own gene rous nature was his worst enemy, he has at last laid inside the mcrtal for the immevtai, and entered upon a new life where the ?rent good that was in him may be better appreci ated than it wac on earth. Few men laborrd harder to secure .success, lew are blessed with so high au order vi talent as he posse.-sed. An elegant speaker, a ready writer, fu'l of poetry and sentiment, beloved by till who knew him in the social relation, when undis turbed by the demon drink, kind, sympathetic, and unselfish; those who knew him will mourn his loss and rnmember only his vir tues. For a few months during the pre ient year he was an associate editor of the S.-vt/i Carolinian, but subsequently sought for prc ferment and position among thc cilices in thc gift of the Government. He died at Wash ington while on this mission. Ho was con nected with the best families of Maryland, and his name will go down to posterity as the author of the familiar poem-" 'Tis said that absence conquers love."-South Carolinian Gth. SoMETniNCFOR THE LAriF.s.-Colorcd starch is the latest and greatest novelty of the sea son. It is made in pink, buff, the new. mauve, and a delicate green and blue will soon bo produced. Any articlo starched willi the new preparation is completely colored - dyed we should have said, but as it washes out, and the garment that was pink today may bc green to-morrow, and buff afterwards, we can hardly say <: dyed." It is intended especially for those bright but treacherously colored muslins, that aro costly, wash out and perplex their owners. If tho pattern has been mauve, they only need thc mauve starch ; if green, greeu starch ; and they eau be rendered one even and pretty shade, taus becoming not only wearable again, but very stylish. While anti macassars or lace cur tains may also bc colored in tho samo v/ay, and infinite variety afforded. Advices from Texas contain much-coin plaint of the late report of "Gen. Kidder to Gen. Howard, concerning the alleged ill treat ment of freedmen. The Houston Telegraph flatly pronounces the assertions of Kidder to bc false -??? A woman in Memphis, living entirely alone, gave birth to a child, which died Poon thereafter. The woman was too much pros trated to even cry for help, and it was several days before she was discovered with her de composing infant at her side. For tho Advertiser. A Voice. ( IMPROMTTJ.* . A joyous sound conies thro' tho waving trees, Dome upon thcw'ing3of tho Southern breeze; That tone, low and sweet,-oh ! fhafmagic rot-V* It indicates,-yes, yes ! it fixes my choice/ ' ITeart speaks to heart,-wc ne'er can forget; " ' Words serious, or gay, dwell i' tho soul-yet, E'en when life's embers ase growing: cpldj. . . And all tho world clsq.lovc their, sordid gold. Angels of happiness como down-to earth, . . . .? When iwrmspirTts, superior to mirth : : , And every meaner,-every frivolous* aimj ? ? .>'?* Beforo Heaven,'their wbdddd bli.<?s proclaim: -?' Our feeling?,-our dreams? so-strangely seeming, To thc thoughtful have-a hidden-meanings The Loves, began among the good and wise, Aro renewed,-maida perfect beyotrd the skies ? TYRO. ^Suggested, on hearing a friend ask his l?tllo sister what she- wantad. Thc reply was": Brother, I did not speak 'to you! Neither - did thc writer hear any one call tho name of my friend. None but ho had heard tho mysterious " voice." Lo, The Poor Freedman. A gentleman of our town, a few days since, engaged to haul a freedman, bis family.and . ffects, from an adjacent farm to a place in town where employment had been obtained. Tbis man had, for some time, been sick, and a burden and expense to the worthy and ven erable gentleman upon whose place he stayed. The conveyance arrived, bis effects, (a load for one horse) tumbled in, and now he come3 forth, ascends the wagon and takes his seat.. But ere the wagon started, his spirit had de parted. The homeless and pen ny less creature then .-.nd there was relieved from bis misera ble condition on earth. He died on the wagon. A question of responsibility, on the part of the carrier, now arose. Should he put tho dead body off where it was, or sbould he car ry it to the party who had engaged the ser vices of the negro and family, to whom he had contracted to convey him ? "What should bo do ? The negro, too, had died cn his wagon, and utterly without means or friends who had them. The moral responsibility of th" labor and expense of interment would seem to devolve either on thc party upon whose place he was, bira to whom be bad'engaged to go, or him that had him in charge at the mo ment of his death. It was determined to put him off the wagon where he was. His burial expenses were finally realized through the charity of our people, sought by ono cf bis own ra:e. Truly, the condition of the negro is now sad indeed.-Sumter V>*atcbman. INCENDIARY SPRECH OF B. F. BUTLER IN MASSACHUSETTS.-Boston, Aug. 2?.-At a political meeting at Gloucester, B. P. Butler wi? one of thc speakers. Buller said : Thc issues now before tho country were the same substantially as those of 1SC0, and in this conviction be proceeded to trace the causes which led to the rebellion aud the part taken by the Southern States in the at tempt to overthrow the Government. Ile contended that by their rebell:on they bad forfeited all their property, their rights, and their lives, if rebels were banged, which, un fortunately, be said, they were not. Passing on, bc spoke of thc failure of tho Southern representatives to secure their seats iu Con gress; and s:.id that if any portion of the Southern States had sent a IcyA man to Con gress, it was only lo get ?lito admitted, and when they bad secured a representation they wcuk! send disloyal men. He then referred to thu New Orleans riot, and read a portion of the correspondence relating to it, and said the whole tenor of President Johnson's dis patches to General Sherdian was to gloss over the terrible affair. If this state ot things cannot bc altered, Buller continued, wc will march once more, and woe lo bin) who opposes us! In considering the Constitution al amendments recently adopted by Congress^ he said ho was not in favor of thc one rela tive to negro suffrage, but accepted it as the best be could get. Ho was in favor of full and impartial suffrage,' and he would try, b? every means in bis power, in whatever posi tion he might be placed, to secure it. In concluding his speech, the General said thal unless the people of tba North were firm in upholding their Congress, they would have their work of tlic last four years to do over again. The General vms frequently applauded during bis speech, and at the close was hon ored with lijioe cheers. -,-? -? Af?Ricur.TCRAi. COLLEGE SCRIP FOB ruy. SOUTHERN STATES.-It is stated that the Commissioner of the Grand Land Office bas for some time been busily engaged in signing the agricultural college scrip taken up by tho S?tale ot North Carolina under the Congres sional grant of July 2, 1862. Tho only Southern States that have thus far signified their intention of accepting the provisions ot tue provisions of the grant of Congress, be sides North Carolina, are Virginia and Geor gia. The scrip for Virginia will shortly be pre pared. The law granting to States the priv ilege of selecting lauds for agricultural and mechanic colleges provides lor an amount of public, lauds equal to 30,000 acres for eaeu Senator aud Representative in Congress to which such Slates are respectively entitled by the appointment under the census of lSGu, thc tracts to bc selected from the public landa of the United States, subject lo private entry at ?$,25 per aero, or selections may be mada from the $2 f>0 or double minimum ; but in the latter case, lands arc to be computed at thc maximum price, aud the number of acres proportionately diminished. Mrs. Swissbelm says of Miss Minnie Ream who received the $10,000 order for a Lincoln statute : " She is a young girl about twenty, ha~> only been studying ber art a few months, never madr? a ."tattle, has some plaster busts on exhibition in the Capitol, including her own, minus clothing to thc waist, bas a pret ty face, with a turu up nose, bright black eyes, long dark curls and plenty of them, wears a jocky bat aud a good deal of jewelry, sccs ail thc members at their lodgings or tho reception roora in the Capitol, urges her claims fluently and confidently, sita iu tho galleries, in a conspicuous position, ind in most bewitching dress, while these claims are discussed on the floor, and nods and smiles as a member rises aud delivers bis opinion on the merits of the case, with the air of a man sittiog for his picture, and so she carries the day over Powers.and Crawford, and Hosmer, and who not ? jg?j~?" Whoever is courteous, honest, frank, sincere, truly honorable, generous and candid, is a true gentleman, whether rich, learned, or a laborer. SCARCITY OF CORN.-It is said that the grain crops are so poor in Chattahooche County., that the squirrels are all perishing for want of con". ---. ? -- ?^f A rattlesnake was killed near BellvUle, Texas, recently., whioh was fourteen feet long, six 4ncb.es thick, and had forty-two rattles. Three men, armed with fence roils, had a desperate combat with it. Jgr* Brigham Young recently got into .a.paa- ' sion in rognrd to Uncle Sam's proposed modo of selecting jurors"in Utah, swore fearfully, and threatened te whip bis Unala.