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WHAT COOPERATIVE MARKETING MEANS Clemson College, April 12.?So much is being said and written ? aoout co-operauvc iuaioswifi vs. farm products that in the first ar ticle of this series on the subject, it is well to review briefly the prob lem which co-operative marketing is expected to solve. The problem may be stated this way; "How may the products of the farm be deliver* ed to consumers at the least pos sible cost for the various operations involved in making the delivery?" Or-again this way, "Granted that the law of supply and demand does fix the price which consumers pay for any product* how may the opera tions of this law be extended te the grower and be made to fix the price which he receives for the pro duct, minus only the necessary ex pense of distribution?'* There is a rather fixed opinion among growers' of all kinds of crops that the law of supply and demand has too many amendments and rider attached before it affects the price they receive. If this is not true, then farmers are all mistaken, everything is really aU right after all, and they should simply admit that it is their business to produce and be content with their lot, allowing those . who know how to. supply consumers with farm products. Furthermore, if the law of supply and demand is fixing thie price farmers receive, then there are only two ways by which t^ey can hope to realize more from tie sale of crops. These are (1) by-reducing* their scale of living^(2) by apply ing more scientific methods to pro ducts so that the unit cost of produc tion will be less. The first of these the southern farmer is dismissing with the observation that his scale of irs^ng is already the lowest in the I w country and cities as evidence our percentage of illiteracy, our expen dinres for schools, churches and all other public institutions, our Toads, our bank clearings and every barometer of prosperity to be found. As to the second they make no argu ment against the application of more scientific and economical methods of production, but on the contrary they apply these methods wherever possible and point with pardonable pride to the rapid strides that have been made in this direction. They are not only producing more per acre than ever before but are also m producing more per man. They are still anxious to use the most eco nomical method of production wher ever possible and it is their individu al interest to do so. They are, how ever, so handicapped through lack of working capital that many of them aref orced to take a short-time view of economical production rather than a long-time view which would take into consideration the problem of permanent soil fertility. Farmers Want Fair Share of Proceed*. There is a feeling among farmers, that notwithstanding every effort is being put forth to keep down costs, they are not getting a fair share of the consumer's dollar. It has been stated on good authority that in Den mark, a country where co-operative marketing iB the rule and not the exception, 49 cents of the con sumer's dollar goes to the grower, whereas in the United States only 8 oanfo nnf nf tko pftnanwni?'a Jftllor goes to the grower. There seems to be plenty of justification for the view taken generally by farmers that their scale of living is low enough and that coats of production are about as low as practicable until they receive a larger share of the consumer's dollar. Farmers are also beginning to realise that in spite of the interest taken in their problems by others, some of which interest is genuine and some merely assumed for ulterior purposes, it is after all their problem to get a fair share of the consumer's dollar, and that this can he done only through concerted action. This means co-operative ef fort. It Bhould be pointed out that this desire for a fair share of the ultimate proceeds of their crop is an absolutely righteous desire, and that to the extent they fail to get their dues, the agriculture of the country suffers, affecting adversely the whole country. It thus appears that the field which it would pay farmers be3t to culti vate now is the field of co-operative marketing. What happens to the crops produced by Mr. Farmer from the time he relinquishes possession until Mr. Consumer takes them over and how can Mr. Farmer take a I SENATOR WARNS OF FAMINE IN AMERICA Sees Peril Unless United States Gives Farmers Some Aid (By Newspaper Enterprise.) Washington, April 9.?"Either congress must give to agriculture the same attention it gives to com merce and industry, or we'hre going to face hunger in this country." That is the message brought to the United States senate by E. P. Ladd, new Nonpartisan League senator from North Dakota. The problems that the North Da kota farmers have been trying to handle within the state through the Nonpartisan League, Ladd says, "must have the attention of con IEAVY DEFICIT FOR RAILROADS Itjoritf Reporting Not Malrinj Ex* pfoiei?Sixteen in Sooth. Washington, April 12.?Railroads f the United States suffered a def rit in February of $7,205,00(^ hile 106 out of 200 roads reporting > the interstate commerce commis ion failed to earn their expenses ad taxes/as against a deficit of $1, 67,800 for January and 109 out of 02 failing to make expenses, ac arding to tabulations made public anight by the Association of Rail way Executives. Of the 106 roads reported as fail* ig to make expense?, 46 were in lastern, 16 in Southern and 44 in iTestern districts. The 200 roads spfesent a mileage of 235,562 liles. The carriers, according to the ibulations, fell short $63,804,000 f earning the amount estimated nder the increased rates fixed by la commission in accordance with le transportation act devised to stablish rates yielding a return of per cent on valuations. Total operating 'revenues were iven as $406,658,000, a decrease f 1 1*2 per cent as compared with ebruary 1020, while operating ex* eases" were $385,878,000, a de rease of 7 1-2 per cent, compared itti Fphrnarv a vear aero. The net lilway operating deficit, however, was announced, was reduced 56 2 per cent, compared with Febru :y, 1920, when it. totaled $16, *1,000. "Reports from the Southern dis ict," said the statement, "showed tat the operating revenues of <the irriers there were 169,667,000, or decrease of 9 1-2 per cent, com ired with those one year ago, hile operating expenses totaled M,890,000 of a decrease of 5 per ;nt compared with those for Febru y, 1920. The net operating income >r the 35 class one roads in that dis ict was $487,000 which was, how rer, a decrease of 90.6 per cent, ider that for the same month in >20." CALLAGHAN 15 ORDERED TO LEAVE Wshington, April 12.?Under or irs issued today by Secretary avis, Donald v O'Callaghan, lord ayor of Cork, who arrived in this untry as a stow-away last January may/ lw uy laiuit^rttuuii Bcials any time after June 5, ould he not leave the country he re then. The Irish official, who came to the nited States to testify before the mmissfon of the committee of one mdred investigating conditions in eland, is given sixty days to leave e country from the date of the de sion of the State Department hold g that he was not entitled to ylum refuge as a political refugee. MASTER'S SALE The State .of South Carolina, COUNTY OP ABBEVILLE. Court of Common Pleas. BBEVILLE SAVINGS & INVEST VENT CO., a Corporation, Plaintif against ^S. S. COTHRAN, JR., and other Defemdants By authority of a Decree of Sal< r the Court of Common Pleas fo bbev'lle County, in said State, mad the above stated case, I will offe1 >r sale, at Public Outcry, at Abbe lie, C. H., S. C., on Salesday ii ay, A. D. 1921, within the lega >urs of sale the following describee nd, to wit :c All that certain tract o ireel of land, situate, ly'ng and be g in the City of Abbeville, in tht bbeville CdUnty, in the State afore tid, containing Three (3) Acres ore or less, with the three dwelling >uses thereon, the same be:m >unded by lands o^ W S. Cothra: 1 the East (Hodges lot), on the >uth by Seaboard Air Line Railway l the West by lands formerly of Bob irrnm nnH on the Nnrt.Ti hv Mr?oolv erry Street. This trqct of land des ibed above will be divided into tree (3) lots and sold a^ divided. TERMS OF SALE?CASH. Pur laser to pay for stamps and papers. THOS. P. THOMSON, 1,21 Master A. C., S. C md in these happenings in such a ay as to increase his own income? bis phase of the subject will be .ken up in the next article of this ries. gress and be handled on a national basis." These include problems of market ing, transportation and credit. "The day has come," he says "when agriculture must be stimula ted and encouraged if we are not to face famine or be forced to import a large part of our foodstuffs. , Falling Off. "Agriculture is the nation's larg est industry. It is the largest em ployer. "Yet it is growing less and less productive and profitable. "The present lack of proper mar keting accommodations must be remedied. Today tne average larmer must dump his crop on the market in the few weeks of the harvest period The market is glutted. Prices are depressed. "The farmer must be put- in posi tion to market his products through out the whole twelve months. Today the man who simply 'buys and bolds the farmer's products makes a great er return than the man who labored to raise it. I "This marketing problem involves ! directly the question of finances. I "Put the farmer in position to be his own financial manager, to mark et his products systematically and econonmically, and the chain, of mid dlemen which now so largely in crease the prices of foodstuffs can be shortened. The result would be a lower figure to the consumer and a i f I reasonable price to the producer. Mu?t Organize "Transportation and an uneco nomic system of .distribution fur ther complicate and f increase costs. "The producer and consumer must be brought eloser together. Congress must be made to see and realize it. "If the consumer and producer will pull together they can reduce the cost of living." Ladd is a quiet-spoken, intellectual man. of 62, who has spent his life in studying agricultural problems .and teaching farming. He has been for* the last five years head of the state agricultural college in North Dakota Using a seaplane as. a means of conveyance, an aviator is exploring Dismal Swamp in Virginia. He hopes to penetrate far into the wilderness and to take many photographs of re 1 ?ions heretofore unexplored. . I f MASTER'S SALE The State of South Carolina, ! COUNTY OF ABBEVILLE Court of Common Pleas. 1 IRS. ELIZA T. GARY, Plaintiff against VILLIAM W, BRADLEY, JR. et al, Defendants By authority of a Decree of Sale | y the Court of Common Pleas for I -bbeville County, in said State, made 1 the above stated case, I will offer or sale, at Public Outcry, at Abbe ville C. H., S. C., on Salesday in May ; v.. D, 1921, within the legal hours of ale the following described land, to ; | /it: All that ^ouse and Lot, and va :ant lot, situated on Ferry street in he city of Abbeville, County of Ab >eville, South Carolina, and bounded >y Moseley Ferry, Koad street, lots ! f Mrs. DuPre, being known as lots : Job. 1, 2, 3 and 4 in Block 56, as ; :hown by plat of Cothran Railroad | '.ddition. Made by J. R Laurens, sur ! /eyor, more particularly described in title to same by Thomas P. Cothran to Mrs Ellen Vorone DuPre, and be ng same lots owned by H. T. Tusten, leceased, and conveyed to him by Ellen Verone DuPre on the 27th day of September 1902, said deed being in o-f P.lorlr nf P.Aiirf for Abbeville County in deed book| No. 25 at page 4. TERMS OF SALE?CASH. Pur-J chaser to pay for stamps and papers.] THOS. P. THOMSON, Master A. C., S C MA STER'S SALE The Skate of Sooth Carolina, COUNTY OF ABBEVILLE, Court of Common Pleas. ABBEVILLE SAVINGS & INVEST MENT CO, a Corporation, Plaintiff ^ against DAVID MARSHALL, Defendant. By authority of a Decree of Sale by the Court, of Common Pleas for Abbeville County, in said State, made in the above stated case, I will offer for sale, at Public Outcry, at Abbe ville, C. H., S. C., on Salesday in Ik* a mm iAi- ai? * 1 may, a. ij. wiinm xne legai hours of sale the following described land, to wit: All that tract or parcel of land situate, lying and being in Abbeville County, in the State afore said, containing One (1) Acre, more or less, and bounded by lands of Lula Young on the South, Butler McBride, on the North, and Public Road on the Northwest; being the same lot con veyed to the said defendant by H G. Smith. % TfcRMS OP SALE?CASH. Pur chaser to pay for stamps and papers. THOS. P. THOMSON, 4, 1,21 Master A. C., S. C FOR : A : Coat and Trousers Made to Your Measure.... $00.50 Three-Piece Suit A large assortrr ly priced for th at the exception Perfect Fit arte WE are giving today and fc . grade, all-wool suit tition. Every garm< ganization of tailo: be3t fit and workm; America "Ar No. 9 Washington (Ml live business men beli< ADVERTISING Are you a "live" business 7 . / T\T 1 REASONABLE PRICES Calyei Vier Ralph Tu NEWS ft FEW : DAYS : lent of seasonable woolens is occasion?You will be s iial qualities we have at tl I Workmanship Guaranteed? $32-50 \ the biggest clothing values lave marked our entire 3tc ings at prices that eliminate snt is made to your measur rs, especially trained to gi anship. Have your suit madt WW V in Woolen Mills nerica's Mailer Tailors" St. Abt 2ve in i man ? ? -1 v i ; >.3 / | 1 5 , ^ PHONE 2S5 it Building ta Street rner wmmmmmm ONLY . $25.00 especial surprised lis price. -Others m in America ?ck of high ; all compe e by an or ve you the :to order by Co. >eville, S. C.