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? HE Idea Is prevalent in the United States that our Thanksgiving fes tival is peculiarly an American custom of New England origin. This is true in part only. The general observance through many, yearB of a set day on which to give thanks to Almighty God for his blessings has made the cus tom distinctively American; but its origin long antedates the set tlement of this western sontinent, and we must look else? ^ere for It The dea of Thanksgiving day goes back to remottt antiquity. It is a part of natural religion, and If probably as old as the human race. In writte records we have ample evidence that the restlvi was ceieoratea in connection wiui ine frultfof the earth" by the ancient Egyptians, the Jews the Greeks, and the Romans. Long before Lutbr's revolt from Rome in the sixteenth cen tury.t had been observed by the Christians; and afta the reformation, thanksgiving days were In *equent use by the Protestants, especially thos of England. I: old Egypt, when the harvest had been gath ered, It wa3 the custom to observe a day of featlng, and to lay offerings upon the altars of 1st, the goddess of agriculture. The Jewish fes tlul was the '-ingathering," or the "feast of the ta>ernacle" mentioned in Exodus and other parts of the Old Testament. This was more particu la'iy a tnannsgiving ror tne rruit narvest, and as it came at the close of the entire harvest, It prob oly was Intended also as a general thanksglv hg "for the bounty of nature" in the year that lad passed. This festival appears early In Jewish history, and, as it was connected with the land and its possession, may have had a Canaanitish proto type. Its celebration was annual and each festi val continued through seven days. At the begin ning "two vessels of silver were carried in a ceremonious manner to the temple, one full of water, the other of wine, which were poured at the foot of the altar of burnt offerings, always on the seventh day of the festival." Plutarch describes this ceremonial which he believed was a feast to Bacchus. He says: "The Jews celebratetd two feasts to Bacchus. In the midst of the vintage they spread tables, spread with all manner of fruits, and live in tabernacles maae especially 01 pairna ana ivy wreains to gether. ... A few days later they kept an other festival which was openly dedicated to Bacchus, for they, carried boughs of palms In their hands, with which they went Into the tem ple, the Levltes going before with Instruments of music." ' Analogous to the Jewish festival and possibly borrowed from It was that of the old Greeks, the Thesmorphla. Thia was a feast to Demeter, the goddess of the harvest. It lasted nine days and consisted of sacrifices of the products of the soil with oblations of "wijje, milk and honey." Theo critus refers to it In the Seventh Idyl, where Sl mlchldas says: "Now, this Is our wa^ to the Thalyjia, for our friends, in sooth, are making a feast to Demeter of the beautiful robe, offering the first fruits of their abundance, since for them in bounteous manner the goddess has piled the thrashing floor with barley." The goddess of the Roman harvest was Ceres. Her festival was celebrated annually and was called Ceralia. It was a day for worship and rustic sports. Men and women formed proces sions and went to the fields with music. Virgil refers to this festival.. He mentions the sacri fices that were offered in the temples and alludes to the Joyousness of the occasion. In one vray or another. Thanksgiving day had been observed in Christian Europe for centuries before its celebration In New England. On the continent, and for a time in England, it occurred at Martinmas, which was a day of feasting and dflnking. Occasionally, too, civil authorities recommended the observance of some fixed day* To celebrate the victory of King Henry V. of Eng land at Agincourt, Oct. 25, 1415, a public thanks giving was held on Sunday, the feast of St. Ed ward, the king and confessor. Such a day, too, was observed in Leyden. Holland. Oct. 3, 1575, the iflrst anniversary of that city from the siege by the Spaniards. Many instances of thanksgiving days can be pointed out in England during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. In 1559, the second year of Elizabeth's reign. Thanksgiving day entered Roga tion day. Then it was ordered that thanks should be given to Almighty God "for the Increase and ohnnHan^n of hla fruits udoii the earth." In this reign, too, there was t great national thanksgiv ing day that Is worthy of note. This occurred on Tuesday, Nov. 19, 1588, and was In commemora tion of the great victory over the "invincible armada." It had been described by Nicol In his "Progress of Queen Elizabeth." by Stowe, and by some other contemporary writers. We are told that "the day was kept holy throughout the realm, with sermons, singing of psalms, bonfires, etc., for joy and thanksgiving unto God for the overthrow of the Spaniards, our enemies, on the Bea; and the citizens of London in their liveries that day had a sermon at St. Paul's cross tending to that end." One legal and annual thanksgiving day be cause of the long time it was such deserves spe cial mention. After the traitors in the gunpowder LIKE THEIR HOMEMADE WINE of the Italia wine. Colonists In This Country Have Long Kept Up a Custom of Their Native Land. This Is the time of year when the Italian colonists make their supply of wine, and the amount of home manu facture carried on takes one back to the old New England days of cider, perry and elderberry wine. Tfie household manufacture of these may have declined, but a large proportion It is han delicious lot had cheap Ii the tariff m; and for ord made articl uee the ord there are preferred ai the manufai making is Italians; in j6'HOOZnrG WZ&D ftZKZ2?Y& plot had been tried and punished in 1605 it was ordered that because of their deliverance the English people should keep the 6th of November every year "as a public thanksgiving to Almighty God, that unfeigned thankfulness may never be forgotten and that all ages to come may yield 1 praise to God's divine majesty for the Bame." The "5th of November" continued a legal thanks giving day for more than two centuries, but In later years it fell into disuse, and in 1833 was abolished by parliament. Long before the advent of the pilgrims 1^ Massachusetts, all rituals contained expressions of gratitude to God for his mercies. In that of the Church of England special prayers were prq vlded for the Sunday service. This service, how ever, must be carefully distinguished from the Thanksgiving day of the pilgrim fathers. Failure to make this distinction has led to the groundless claim that the Popham colonists "were the first to keep Thanksgiving day" in America. The service at Monhegan on which this claim is based was the regular Sunday service of the Church of England, and while It had an element of thanks giving the day can in nowise be regarded as a Thanksgiving day as that term is understood. Contemporary evidence refutes all claim to the contrary. From "A Keiauon 01 voyage uj oa-gtiuui; vr<r read as follows: "Sundaye beinge the 9th of August, In the morninge the most part of our holl company of both shlpes landed on this Hand, whear the cross standeth; and thear we heard a sermon delyvred unto us by our preacher, gyvinge God thanks for our happy metlnge and salTe aruall Into the country, and so returned abord again." (Massachusetts Historical society proceedings, xvll., 102.) The record made In his "Breeches Bible" by "William White, who came over In the Mayflower, has far more significance In determining the origin of our American Thanksgiving day than the event at Monhegan. The record reads: "Will lam White married on ye 3d day of March, 1620, to Susannah Tilly. Peregrine White, born on board ve Mayflower in Cape Cod harbor, sonne. Born to Susannah WThite December 19th, ye six o'clock morning. Next day we meet for prayer and thanksgiving." This meeting for "prayer and thanksgiving" was not on Sunday, but on Tuesday. The fact that it was not a part of the regular Sunday service makes it more nearly ac cord with our Idea of Thanksgiving day than does the Monhegan event. But this similarity is not sufficient to warrant our regarding it as the origin of the American custom. The prototype of our present Thanksgiving day is found in the harvest festival at Plymouth in 1621. The long winter that followed the estab lishment of the colony had been one of great mor tality and suffering.') Scarcely half of the colony had survived it. "At one time during the winter only Brewster. Standish and five other hardy ones were well enough to get about.'\ In the spring and summer that followed their fortunes Improved, and by autumn they had cleared twen ty-six aeries and made It ready for cultivation. This industry, too, had been rewarded by a boun teous harvest. Now food and fuel sufficient for the needs of the approaching winter were laid In. Then Governor Bradford ordered a Thanksgiving ?the first in America. This first Thanksgiving was not for a day only. It continued a week. In a letter to a friend In n families make their own lly an equivalent for the lal varieties which may bo n Italy, but the freight and ake foreign wine a luxury, inary table use the home e does very well. Some !inary Concord grape, but various sorts which are ad much skill is shown in cture. In California wine largely carried on by bleak New England their opportunities are limited their best. Like the G< cilng to their own diet lo have mastered the la adopted American ways In cooking, indeed, j more to learn from thl than to teach them. An ery at its best is dellcic not' economical. It was ^ the age of prime cuts of t of cheap and fresh eggf cream. It is not so wel time of rising priceB wm Day uiamFek : I England, Edward Winslow has given us a brief account of the festivities. This letter bears the date of Dec. 11, 1621, and in it Winslow wrote: "Our horveBt beinge gotten in, our governor sent I four men on fowling that so we might after spe cial manner rejoice together after we bad gath ered the fruits of our labors. Th(jy four killed as much fowl as with a little help beside served the company about a week. At which times, among other recreations, we exercised our arms, ! many of the Indians coming amongst us, and , cmong the rest their greatest king, Massasoyt, t with some ninety men, whom for three days we ! entertained and feasted, and they went out and killed five deer, which they brought and - be stowed on our governor and upon the captains and others." From other sources we know that there were ttLuicLiu uuuwaus ueaiues tuo ejrcruiBCO vji at ma which Winslow mentioned. No doubt they play ed at "stoolban,** an old form of croquet, and "pitch ye bar," which Bradford mentions In his journal. There were no special religious services ?at least there is no evidence of any. The pil grims had their daily prayers before breakfast, j In this service, and in the Joyouu spirit that seems to have dominated the occasion as well, | there was, no doubt, a devout thanksgiving to \ God for all the blessings he had vouchsafed them, j It has been repeatedly asserted that this j Thanksgiving festival was suggested 'to the pil grims by the Jewish "feast of ingathering." This is not probable, as the differences between them are more striking than the likenesses. They were of the same duration, each lasting a week; and in onmmnn with oil ntlior hnrtrpnt fpaMvnlci thev ?'VU V ***** * *^ww* * Wi'" v"w^ had the same intent. But in the Jewish festival sacrifice and worship were tha prevailing char acteristics, while in that or the pilgrims they were entirely wanting. If the Plymouth festival has immediate kinship with similar events in the past, it has analogies with the harvest home of England which may relate them. The pilgrims were familiar with the English celebration and many of them, no doubt, had participated in it. The dominant mark of each was the Joy over the ingathering harvest. In some districts in England, too. the festival had continued a week. Richard Carew in h! =? "Snr- ; vey of Cornwell," in speaking of the English fp<i- ! ' tival, says: "Neither doth good cheer? whc^'v j | expire (though It somewhat decrease) but wllh i the end of the weeke." The chief difference between the two was the want of ceremony at Plymouth that characterized the English festival. In some parts of England i the merry making was around the "nodding j j sheaf," or "kern baby." and in many places the i \ last load of the harvest was drawn to the barn ! in a wagon called the "hoch cart." In front went ! pipe and tabor, and around It gathered the reap- j ers, male and female, 6inging joyously as they I ' proceeded. At h-iymoutn mere was no ceremony. The la6t shock of corn was not brought In "ar rayed In brilliant finery." Neither was there any 'blessing of the cart," or "kissing of the sheaves." There was no harvest song so familiar in the fatherland: "Here'B health to the barley mow; Here's a health to the man Who very well cc.n Both harrow and plow and sow." , but they do srmans, they ng after they nguage and of living. \merica has } newcomers lerican cook ?us, but it is veil suited to >eefsteak and i, butter aud I suited to a and forced economies, and the kitchen may learn much from the "cucina" in the art of making a little go a long way. Ad dison once observed that the French would be the finest cooks in the world if they but had a little butcher's meat, for they could make a hundred dishes out of a nettle top. The Italians have the same genius, as every one who has sailed on an Italian ship knows. It Is to be hoped that they will not be assimilated to New England ways to the extent of losing this valuable gift We have noticed that the men who He for women nearly always do so at he hands of an injured husband. To prevent Malaria is far better than :o cure it. In malarial countries take a lose of 0XID1NE regularly one each week md save yourself from Chills and Fever ind other malarial troubles. Adv. Any candidate can get the woman rote by running on a platform de manding lesu courting and more mar rying. ' ro DRIVE OtJT MALARIA AMI) BUILD UP THE SYSTEM Take tbo Old Standard GROVE'S TASTBLKS3 3UILIi TONIC. You know what you are taking, rho formula' Is plainly printed on evory bottle, ihowlng It Is simply Quinine and Iron in a tasteless 'orra, and the nost effectual form. For grown people and children, SO cents. Adv. Hit Authority. "I thought you told me that man rt at} a 5U1UC1X"U1UUI.UCU a "Well, I had it from his dentist" Important to Mothers Examine carefully every bottle of CASTORIA, a safe and sure remedy for infants and children, and see that it Bears the Signature of i [n Use For Over 30 Years. Children Ciy for Fletcher's Castoria WISE FATHER. Ailsa?What did papa say when you asked him for my hand? Alfred?He said he guessed I'd find It In the pocket he carried his money in. BREAKING OUT WOULD ITCH AND BURN Bellton, (3a.?"Some time ago my feet and ears ware frost bitten, which troubled very much every winter. My ears would turn red and swell, V/lth terrible itching and my heel would crack. I had a severe sc?lp trouble and also a breaking out on my wrists and hands which would itch and burn until I could not sleep of nights. There was an eruption on my scalp with dandruff. I had to keep mr hair pltnnod rlnnA tf> keen down the Irritation and itching. I tried sev eral remedies and cream and two treatments of remedies which did me no good. Then I used Cuticura Soap and Ointment and I am now cored of all my troubles." (Signed) J. S. Echols* Mar. 12, 1912. Cuticura Soap and Ointment sold throughout the world. 8ample of each free, with 32-p. Skin Book. Address poet-card "Cuticura, Dept. L, Boston." Adv. Similarly Minded. The village tailor only received oc casional orders from the vicar for such articles as hats, collars, or hand kerchiefs. "You see," remarked the vicar one day, having called with his asual order, "when I want a suit I go to I.jndon. They make them there." Calling again a few days later, the vicar remarked that he had not seen the tailor, at church lately. "No," replied the tailor; "when I want to hear a good sermon I go to London; they preach them there." His Mistake. After the services were over, one of ihe conereeation turned to his wife and said: x "On my way to church I picked up a button and put it in my change pockct, where I had a quarter." "Gracious, my dear!" anticipated his wife, very much horrified. "And you dropped it into the collection bas ket bF mistake?" "No, confound it!" replied her hus band, "I put in the quarter."-1?Judge. In New York. First Prison 'Official?We'll have to stop giving permits to people to go in and see the prisoners. Second Prison Official?Why so?. First Prison Official?Too much con fusion. They keep getting in the way of the fellows who are escaping.? Puck. Counsel of Despair. "I want a piece of meat without any bone, fat or gristle," said the bride, on her first trip to market. "Yes, ma'am.'" replied the butcher. "I would suggest that you take an egg." ?Youth's Companion. For SUMMER HEADACHES Hicks' CAPUDINE Is the best remedy? io matter what causes them?whether 'rom the heat, sitting in draughts, fever sh condition, etc. 10c., 25c and 60c per jottle at medicine stores. Adv. Explained. "Why do epitaphs always begin, Here lies??' " "Because the majority of them do." If your appetite is not what it should be perhaps Malaria is developing. It affects he whole system. OXIDINE will char iwav the Kerens, rid you of Malaria and fenerally improve your condition. Adv. The more the trusts want the less he common people get. lira. Winslow'a Sootnlng Syrup for Children eethlng, softens the gums, reduces lnflamma lon, allays pain, cures wind colic, 25c a bottle.Adv. Marriage may either form one's iharacter or reform it. ITCH Relieved In 30 Minutes. Woolford's Sanitary Lotion for all klnda oi ontagious Itch. At Druggists. Adv. Sometimes a burglar leaves little to >e desired. PUTNAM Color more goods brighter and faster colors than ai dye any garment without ripping apart. Writo ?j?L Weston?I'm going to call my pri vate golf links Bunker HilL Preston?Why? Weston?I can never win on them. Stretching It Some. Two men were boasting about their rich kin. Said one: "My father has a big farm in Connecticut. If is so big that when he goes to the barn on Monday morning to milk the cows he kisses us all goodby, and lie doesn't get back till the following Saturday." "Why does It take him so long?" the other asked. "Because the barn is so far away from the house." "Well, that may be a pretty big farm, but compared to my father's farm in Pennsylvania your father's farm ain't no bigger than a city lot!" "Why, how big is your father's rarm'/" "Well, It's so big that my father sends young married couples out to the barn to milk the cows, and the milk is brought back by their grand children." Diana of the Air. The beautiful and athletic Eleanora Sears, at a luncheon at Sherry's, said of aviation: "I like the biplane well enough, and tho monoplane I am simply head over heels in love with." To this remark one of Miss Sears' many unsuccessful suitors answered reproachfully: j "Ah, another case of man being sup I planted by machinery!" Burduco Liver Powder. Nature's remedy for biliousness, constipation. Indigestion and all stom ach diseases. A vegetable prepara tion, better than calomel and will not salivate. In screw top cans at 25c each. Burwell & Dunn Co., Mfrs, Charlotte, N. C. Adv. After Dlnjien JoKe, In the great Pecos valley apple country of New Mexico the latest ar rival is always asked: "What is worse than biting into an apple and finding a worm?" He is stumped. They tell him, "Finding half a worm." CLAIMS BABEK SAVED HIS LIFE. Mr. Chas. W. Miller, of Washington, D. C., writes of Elixir Babckt ''I can heartily testify to the virtue of your preparation known as Babek. as I consider that it was the means of my recovery from a bad case of intermit tent fever and the saving of my life." What It did for him it can do for you, if you sufTer from any form of malaria. Elixir Babelc, 50 cents, all druggists, or .Kloczswslii & Co., Washington, D.C. Adv. The Other Fellow. \ Miss Oldmaid (purchasing music)? Have you "Kissed Me in the Moon light?" Mr. Dopenutt?Why?er?no. It must have been the other clerk. As a summer tonic there is no medicine that quite compares with OXIDINE. Tt not only builds op the system, but taken reg ularly, prevents Malaria. Regular or Taste less formula at Druggists. Adv. Comprehensive. Uplift Theorist?How does the psy chological drama go in this town? Blunt Manager?It goes broke. DOES YOUR HEAD ACHE? Try Hides' CAPUDINE. It's liquid?pleas ant to take?effects immediate?(rood to prevent Sick Headaches and Neryotis Headaches also. Your money back If not satisfied. 10c., 25c. and 50c. at medicine stores. Adv. Reverse Proceeding. "Did you find Mabel in, after all, when you called?" "Yes; that's how I found her out" Regular practicing physicians recommend ? j :u_ r\VTTM\Tr Va. anu pnwcnue UAii/inn iui ux<na>m, cause it is a proven remedy by years of ex perience. Keep a bottle in the medicine chest and administer at first sign of Chills and Fever. Adr. Mixed Up Terms. "Are you going to show him up?" "I will, If it comes to a show-down." | To Women ? Do Not Delay S If yon we convinced that 5 2 your sickness is because of 2 5 some derangement or dia- ? ease distinctly feminine, 3 5 yon ought at once bring 2 5 to your aid - 2 B Dr. Pierces Favorite Prescription 2 It acts directly on the B ? organs affected and tones ? th% aatir* pyatsm. Atk Y?mr Druggist Cost The Original Price of a We IS Ideal :n trifling. It is spread over a lumber of k years. Long after the cost is forgot . ten th? recollec tion of quality, .remains, From the Best Stores Every where | L. E. Waterman Co. 173 B'way, N. Y. "The Pen That^ Everybody Uses' FADELE \y other dye. One 30c package colors all fibers. Theydj fqr free booklet?How to Dye. Bleach and Mix Colors / HOW GIRLS MAY AVOID PERIODIC PAINS The Experience of Two GirU Here Related For The Benefit of Others. Rochester, N. 7.?" I have a daugh ter 13 years old who has always been very healthy until recently when she * complained of dizziness and cramps every - month, so bad that I would have to keep her home from school and put her to bed " to get relief. "After giving her only two bottles of . Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Com a ? 41,? w puuiiu ouc isj uun vujvjiu^ wuo www v? health. I cannot praise your Compound too highly. I want every good mother to read what your medicine has done for my child."?Mrs. Richard N. Dunham, 311 Exchange St, Rochester, N.Y. 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