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SfK ~~ " of SFss Martineau's SKXcV will be published by H^s iOorninjr. We give , ing'sumtiiarj^of its contents, *ud a j it from th" wdlk. * j Js\f the Second Volume ? Yankee ! ooden clocks. Of I ho later M:ss M. 'J '? ? * w" ?* Ju some parfs of the South we we re at the mercy of whatever clock the last'jK-dlar might have happt?ned to bring, for the appearand? of ui -als: bet it appeared as if th* c-loc ks them % Ives had something of the Yankee spirit in ihdmjtbr, while th?*y wem usuaHy too fast, 1 rarely knew c?ne too slow." ? Internal lmprov,?m"Ufs,The Tariff, Markets and Transports, fill a chapter in the volume. *?fcj following iaco-.ic dialogue is given as j ??Ap>yh><rt ntW. unfairly. how acceptable means j of transport wou'd be to wt stern settlers: ? i 44 Whose laud was this that you bought?" ? Moggs." * What's the soill" 44 Bogs." " What's the climate!" "Fogs." ??What do you get to eat!" "Hogs. " ?* What did you build your house oil" h Logs.n; uilave you any neighbours!" 4-Froars." Manufacturing L^bor affords a subject of controversy. 1 he T radts' Union is spoken of in the following manner: ? 4 (hie day gotug down Broadway, New York, the carriage in which I was, stopped for so ne time, in consequence of an immense procession on the side walk having attracted the attention of a|i the drivers within sight. ? The' marching gentlemen proceeded on their way, with an easy air of gentility. Banners wen interposed ? interva s; and, on examining there, I cou.d scarcely believe my eyes. They to'e me that this was a procession of the jours neymen mechanics of New York. Surely never were such dandy mechanics seen;* with sleek coals, glossy hats, gay watch guards, ayd doeskin gloves! " The "M orals of Slavery" also forms a chap ter of the work. Southern cit? o are looked upon as places not unlike the blackholds of Calcutta; while Southern inen and Southern wom?n aie tlo ight to resembte in their cruelty a.'l the wickedness of a tnbe of cannibals. The following advice is given to American ladies : "AH American ladies," says Miss M.t '?should know bow to clear-starch and iron ; how to keep plate and glass ; how to cook dainties ; and, if they understand the making of bread and soup likewise, so much the beu ter.n In a paragraph having ref rtnee to liter attire among Amercan ladies, she re.i.arks as ibHows : ^ ' 44 All American ladies are more or less lite flry; and some are so to excellent purpose ; to the saving of their minds from vacuity. ? Ke&ders are plentiful; thinkers are rare. Minds are of a very passive character; and it follows, that langages are much cultivated. If ever a, women was pointed out to me as distinguish ed for information, i might be sure before hand thatsheavas a linguist. I met with a great number of ladies who read Latin, some Greek, some Hebrew, some German. With the exception of the last, the learning did not aeem to be of much use to them, except as * harmless exercise. I met with more intel lectual activity, more general power, among tuany ladies who gave little time to books, than among those who are distinguished as being literary. I did not meet with a good artist among ail the ladies of the States. ? I never had the pleasure of seeing a good draw in$?except in one instance; or, except in two, of hearing good music. The entire failure of ailattejotpu^o .draw, 4astiil a myatery tomj. The attempts are incessant ; but tlie results ? ere below .critictsat. > Natural philosophy is sot proved to' any extent by women.- There is some pretension to mental and moral philoso phy; hut the less that is said oo that head the better. t * * This is a and account of things. It may tempt some to4 ask 4what then are the Ameri ca? women V They are better educated by Providence than by men. The lot of humanity m theirs: they have labor, probation, joy, and sorrow. They are good wives; and, under the teaching of nature, good mothers. They have, within the range dl their activity, good *ense, good temper, and good manners. Their beauty is very remarkable; and, I think, their wit no less. Their charity is overflowing, if it were' but more enlightened; and it may be . supposed that they could not exist without re . I igion. It appears to superabound ; but it is not usually of a healthy character. It may seem harsh to say tbir; hut is it not the fact tliat' religion emanates from the nature, from the moral state .of the individual T Is it not therefore true that unless the nature be com pletely exercised, the moral state harmonised, the religion cannot be healthy ? A chapter follows upon the morals of com merce, civilization, health, ideas of honor ; and in the chapter which treats of this sub ject, we find the following unexpected vindi cation.^ the American character : ? "If,*1 says Miss M-, "any English person can really tee and know the Americans on their own ground, and fail to honor them as a nation, and love them as personal friends, bens no fair samjf.e of tha people whose name he bears. *' And in the concluding chapter of the work, we find the following paragraph in defence of American morals : ??By a happy coincidence of outward pleni ty with liberal institutions, there is in America a smaller amount of crime, poverty, and mutual injury of every kind, than has ever been known in any society. This is not only a present blessing, -bat the best preparation far continued fiJelity to true democratic prin ciples. ??However the Amerians may fall short, in practice, the professed principles of their association, they have realized many things far which the rest of the civilized world is si ill struggling; and for which some portious areooly beginning to contend. They are, to aH iatests and purposes, self-governed. They have risen above all hered.tary .aristocracy, a c connexion between reiigion and the State, a vicious or excessive taxation, and the irre - sponsibiliy of any class. Whatever evils may remain or may arise, in either the legislative; or executive departments, the means of rem edy are in the bands of the whole people; and those people are in possssion of th:? glori ous certainty that timo and exertion will infallibly secure all wisely desired objects." NATtOHAL CONTEjiTMENT. ? The following is the closisg paragraph of the book : . ?No peculiarity in them (the Americans) is mere remarkable than their national content me if. If this were the result of apathy, it would be despicable. If it did not coexist with an active principle of progress, it would be absurd. As it is, 1 can regard ihe national attribute with no other reeling than venenu tion. Entertaining, as I do, little douU of the general safety of the American Union, and none of l he moral progn.ss of its people, t* clear to me that this national "content tnguffrili Itve down all contempt, and even all wonder ; and come at length to be regarded with the same genial and universal emotion with wnich men recognize in an individual the equanimity of rational s>'!f reverence." PASSAGES FR031 MISS* MARTIN EAU. Negro Imitations. ? Th^ Americans possess an advantage in regard to tl>e teaching of man ners, which they do not yef appreciate. They have before their eyes, in thj; manners of the colored iace, a perpetual carncalure of their own follies ? a mirror of conventionalism from which they never can escape. The negroes are the most imitative people living. While they are in a degraded condition, with little principle, little knowledge, little independence, they copy most successfully those things in their superiors which involve the least princi* pie, knowledge, and independence, viz., their conventionalisms. They carry their mimicry far beyond any which is seen among the me nials of the ricn in Europe. The black footmen of the United States have tiptoe graces, stiff cravats, and eye-catching flourish s, like the footmen in London ; but the imitation extends into more important matters. As the slaves of the South assume their master's names and military titles, they assume their methods of conducting the courtesies and gaieties of life. 1 have in my possession a note of invitation to a baH, written on pink paper with gilt edgv es. When the lady invited came to her mis tress for the ticket which was necessary to authorise her being out after nine at night, she was dressed in satin with muslin over it, satin shoes, and white kid gloves ; but the satin was faded, the muslin torn ; the shoes were tied upon the extremities of her splay feet, and the white gloves dropping in tatters from her dark fingers. Sne was a Caricature instead of a fine lady. A friend of mine walked a mile or two in the dusk behind two black men and a wo man whom they were courting. He told me that nothing could be more admirable than the coyness of the lady and the compliments of the galiant and his friend, it could not be very amusing to those who reflect that holy and constant love, free preferenc \ and all that makes marriage a blessing instead of a curse, were here out of the question ; but the resem blance in the mode of courtship to that adopted by the whites, when meditating marriage of a not dissimilar virue, ? a marriage of barter ? could not be overlooked. Even in their ultimate funeral courtesies', the colored ra re imitate the whites. An epi taph on a negro babv at Savannah begins " sweet blighted lily ! " Maimers of Gentlemen and Ladies in public. ? So much more has naturally been observed by travellers of American manners in stages and steamboats than in private houses, that all has been said, over and over again, ibat the subject deserves. I need only testify that I do not think the Americans eat faster than other people, on the whole. The celerity at hotel tables is remarkable ; but so it is in stage coach travellers in England, who are allowed ten minutes or a quarter of an hour for dining. In private houses I was never aware of being hurrfed. The cheering, nnintermitting civility of all gentlemen travellers, throughout the country, is very striking to a stranger. The degree of consideration shown to women is, in my opinion, greater than is rational, or good for either party ; but the manners of the Ame ritan stage coach travellers might afford a va? 1 uable lessOn and example to many classes of Europeans, who have a high opinion of their civilization. I do not think it rational or lair that five gentleman should ride on the top of the coach, (wh^re there is no accommodation for holding on, and no resting place for their feci,) for some hoars of a July day, in Virginia, that a young lady, who was slightly delicate, might have Toorfr to Jay op her feet, and change her postowaaahe pleast-d. it is obvious that, if site was not strong enough to travel or. common terms ' in the stage, her family should have travelled in an extra, or staid behind, or done anything rather than al lowed five persons to risk their health and sacrifice their comfort for the sake of one. ? Whatever may be the good moral effects of such self renunciation on the tempers of the gentlemen, the custom is very injurious to ladies. Their travelling manners are any thing but amiable. While on a journey, women who appear well enough in their homes present all the characteristics of spoiled children. ? Screaming and trembling at the apprehension of danger are not uncommon ; but there i^ something far worse in the cool selfishness wit h which they accept the best of every thing, at any sacrifice to others, and usually, in the South and West without a word or look of acknowledgement. They are like spoiled children when the gentleman are not present to be sacrificed to them, in the inn parlor, while wa ting for meals, or the stage, or in the cabin of a steamboat. I never saw any manner so repulsive a-' that of many American ladies on board steamboats. They look as if they sup poied you mean to injure them, till you show to the contrary. The suspicious side- glance, or the full stare, the cold, immoveable obser vation, the bristling sclf-defence the moment you come near, the cool pushing to get the best place, every thing said and done without the least trace of trust or cheerfulness ? these are the disagreeable consequences of the ladies being petted and humored as they are. The New England ladies, who are compelled, by their superior numbers, to depend less upon the care of others, are far happier and Plea* santt r companions in a journey than those of the rest of ibe country. The follow ng letter taken from the Lite rary Magazine of 18**7, is quite a curiosity at this day. We distinctly recollect the boat, and voyage up the river referred to, and the congratulations of Mr. Fulton's friends on his refurn from AfKariy and the often expressed convictions of th$learncd of that day. That the possible results had been obtained, when the boat had been propelled at ths marvellous rare of four miles an hour. Mr. Robert Fultpn, the ingenious inventor of machines called torpedoes, some account of which was given in our last number, has like wise constructed a steam boat, calculated to sail?both against wind and tide. The follow ing letter to Mr. Barlow, containing an ac count of its first voyage, will be gratifying to every friend to the commerce and agriculture of this country. Tu Joel Barlow, Philadelphia. New York, Aug 22, 1807. My D. ar Friend? My steam boat voyage to AibaRy and back has turned out rather more favorable than 1 had calculated. The distance from New York to Albany is 150 miles; I ran i: up in 32 h^urs, and down in 30. The latter is just five miles an hour. I had a light breeze against me going and coming, so that no use was made of my sails; and the voyage has been performed wholly by the power of the steam engine. I overtook many sloops and schooners beating to windward, and passed them as if they had been at anchor. The power of propelling boats by steam is now fully proved. The morning 1 left New York, there was not perhaps thirty persons in t-h * city. who bejieved thai the boat would ever move oner mile an hour, or be of tW least utility. And while we were putting off from the wharf, which was crowded with spectators, 1 heard a number of sarcastic remark?; this is the way, you know, in which ignorant men compliment what they call philosophers and proj**etors. Having employed much time and money and zeal in accomplishing this work.it gives me, as it will you, great pleasure to see it so fully answer my expectations. It will give a quick and cheap conveyance to merchandize on the Mississippi, Missouri, and other great rivers, which are now laying open their trea sures to the enterprise of our countrymen.-? And although the prospect of personal emolu ment has been some inducsmenl to me yet I feel infinitely more pleasure in reflecting with you on the immense advantage that my coun try will derive from the invention. However, I will not admit that it is half so important as the torpedo system of defence and attack; for out of this will grow the liberty of the seas; an object of infinite importance to the welfare of America, and every civilized country. But thousands of witnesses have now seen the steam boat in rapid movement, and they believe ; they have not seen a ship of war destroyed by a torpedo, and they do not believe. We cannot expect people in general will have a knowledge of physics or power of mind sufficient to combine the ideas and reason from causes to effects. But in case we have war, and the enemy's ships come into our waters, if the government will give me reasonable means of action, J will soon con* vince the world that we have surer and cheaper modes of defence than they an* aware of. Yours, <&c. ROBERT FULTON. SCRPENT-TONGUED INFANT. Tiverton, (R. I.,) May 22, 1837. To the Printer of the Fall River Patriot : Sir ? I embrace the earliest opportunity to make you acquainted with such oF the facts as have come to my knowledge relative to the "serpent longued infant, of which we had casually heard just previous to my departure for Block Island. Quite unexpectedly, day before yesterday, I found myself in the very neighboi hood of this strange and wayward production of nature. My curiosity as you may well suppose was greatly excite'd, and I confess 1 felt an intense anxiety to examine for myself an object which began to excite so much interest in the neighborhood of its occurrence. Mr. T , a worthy old gen tleman in the vicinity, a former acquaintance of mine, with whom I accidentally met, kindly off-red to accompany me to* Mr. W.'s the father of the unfortunate child. We reached there about 9 o'clock this morning", and were received very courteously by Mr. W. and his interesting young wife. After an agreeable introduction, ray aged friend stated the object of our visit, and the desire I had manifested to see their unfortunate little child, of whom I had just heard. Mr. \V. informed us that for several weeks he had, in almost every instance, declined admitting strangers as he thought their presence had ah unfavorable effect upon the child, but as I had come a con siderable distance out of my way, he was disposed tc. gratify my wish, the more espe cially as he thought! might give him some advice in relation to the course he ouo-ht in future to pursue. We were then invited into an adjoining room, in one corner of which we beheld, tied in a small chair, a most horribly emaciated little child, apparently about two years old. 1 am aware tnat I shall totally fail in giving you any thing like an adequate idea of the miserable object before us. Imagine, if you can, an infant, or mere child, of about the age above supposed, reduced to a very skeleton hairless, and covered with a parched and shrivelled skin, flark and unelastic as .the corresponding Bttugtgre m the withered orto-^ genarian. - Its little red, fiery eyes, roiling restlessly in the deep recesses of its fleshless sockets, sent forth horrid flaslies of indigna tion, when the door of its apartment was thrown open. The little sufferer opened his mouth, and in the place.of its tongue and for a tongue, a serpent's head and neck were thrus out, vibrating and hissing with an intensity peculiar to the more venomous varieties of tint repulsive species of animated nature. I could not for several minutes muster sufficient courage to approach the object of my curiosi ty. I was fixed to the spot which I at first, occupied, while the serpent- headed tongue, continued to dart forth and recede with *the quickness of thought ; its little forked and fiery tongue al the same time playing about the lips and iwslrils of the child , equalling in veh city the lightning's flash ! Mr. VV. the father, gradually approached the child, all the time speaking very soothing ly to it, and -in a few minutes succeeded in producing quiet? the head receded the hps closed over it, and the infant exhibited the aspect only of extreme emaciation. But the moment I moved towards the child, even but a single step, the mouth would open, the head suddenly dart forth, and the same dreadful spectacle I have already imperfectly described would be again presented. The father, how ever, beckoned me to approach, which I did, but never shall 1 forget the tremendous hissing which came from the serpent-headed tongue of the litt.'e sufferer. It was several minutes before quietude could be produced, and even then the slighiest motion on my part would cause an instantaneous protrusion of the un. sightly organ, accompanied by a hissing sound, more or less intense according to the fears of the little child ? I had several fair opportu nitips of seeing the strange member, and will endeavor to give you a description of it. Its color is dark copper shining and in places inclining to streaks of green. Its eyes are jet black, and when the light strikes them favorably, no diamonds ever send forth more bril liant scant illations of a light ! A bright yels yellow ring encircles the neck and has too much the appearance of gold. Tho mouth of this serpent- headed tongue is quite large, and was always slightly open when the head was protruded beyond the lips. Its little forked tongue.as I have already said, was incessantly in motion. YVe stayed in the room just 30 minutes, during the latter part of which timejhe child become very quiet, and took freely of mi Ik, its usual food. The father told me that he had known the tongue to bite several times, and once when it fastened upon one ofhis finders, much swelling and soreness followed ; indeed he was only rolived by a copious bleeding. He informed me also that ttie child eat vora. ciously of milk, and sometimes other kinds of food, but that it preferred the former. The child is 9f the female sex. He stated further that several eminent physicians and surgeons had been to see the child, and that it had& been recommended by one, the eminent Dr. W that the tongue bu extirpated. I coincided in this opinion, and advised that the Doctor be called on to perform the oferation. The lather, Mr. VV. is about 28 years old, and the mother, I should judge about 22. She is verv beautiful, has been married about five years, and this is the first and only child. 1 have' omitted names in this hasty sketch, at the request ot the parties concerned. Yours, &c. The yeu) York and Charleston Steam pack et. ? Another sea-nyumph has been launched upon our waters, and one which for beauty of form and swifness of motion, will equal the best, and excel most of her kind. The new stea mer bears the name of our city, and in all re spects is worthy of the name she bears. Her regular trips will commence 011 Thursday next, when she will take her place on the line, and sail for Charleston. The New York in all respects is an excellant and agreeable boat. ? The cabins, uiflike most other steamboats, are used only as sleeping and dressing rooms. An elegant saloon ever the afier cabin, and immediately under the promenade deck, is u:-eJ foradiningfroom. The slcepingaceommo dations are increased by a number of neat state-rooms, built upon the decks. The ac commodation of passengers seems to have been the aim of the proprietors of the boat, and we feel assured that the passengers, whether quick ness of motion, a plesant passage, or good at tendance, be the object of their wishes, will have them ail gratified. The New York made her experimental trip yesterday, in a run ot nearly one hundred miles? as far out as the Highlands, back to the city, do?vn the East River, and some 8 or 10 miles up the North River. The experiment unlike most experiments now-a-days, proved agreeable to all, and the little pleasure voyage made on board the boat by a party of 150 or 200, was without exception, the most pleasant we ever remember to have made. The boat throughout the day equalled the warmest anti cipations of all who were interested in her suc cess, and the whole party returned to the citv highly gratified with the festivities of the day . The New York is to take the place of the William Gibbons, and is to be commanded by Captain Josbp j Spinney, who has been con nected wiih the New York and Charleston Line for four years. Added to much experi ence, he has exhibited mu;h skill in the com mand of a boat, and what is equally necessary to a successful commander of a boat, he is urbane, kind and in nil respects a gentleman. We subjoin the following particulars which appeared in the New- York Gazette of yester day. The New??York is 165 feet in length, on deck; 42 feet breadth, including spondings: 11 feet hold, and about 400 tons burthen. Her engine is of 150 horse power, with 10 feet stroke and 38 inch cylinder. The boiler weighs about 15 tons, has been pronounced by competent judges one of the best pieces of work ever made in this city. The New- York is also provided with two masts and a sufficient quantity of canvass with which to navigate her in the event of accident to her machinery. ? Hei sails consist of a gib, foresail, square sail, topsail, and maii.sail. The figure head is that of a female, and is intended to represent a commercial city. The head is surmounted by a crewn, representing a wall supported by a wreath of ru-hes. The chest bears the arms of the state of New- York, and the whole is supported by a wreath repre senting various fru.ts of ihe earth. The sleeping accommodations are all of the first order, and consist of 21 berths in the la dies' cabin, 12 in the centre cabin, 28 in the forward cabin, and 20 in state rooms on deck, making in all 80 births. In addition to which there is on board a large quantity newly-con trived portable births which are made to ship and unship at pleasure. The dining room is on the main deck im mediately over the ladies' cabin, and is 41 by 14 feet; is capable of accommodating one hun dred persons at table, and is in every retpeel a commodious apartment. This splendid Boat was built by the owners of the steam packet lino, at a cost of about eighty thousand dollars, and their enterprise deserves a rich reward. From the National Intelligencer. \\ ? . THE MANDAMUS. * Saturday June 24. ? This being 1he day to which was extended the time for making the (' f O j return by the Postmaster General to the writ of mandamus, commanding him to credit Stockton and Stokes certain sums of money, or show cause to the contrary, the District Attorney, Mr. F. S. Key, read, as such re tuns a letter from the Postmaster General, accompanied by an opinion of the Attorney General. These documents consumed con siderable time in their perusal, and we under stood the mto classify and condense the amount of the Postmaster's response to the Court's claim of jurisdiction, and his resistance of that claim, under the following heads: 1st. That the Court has no power to issue a mandamus to an executive officer of the Government, compelling him to do an official act. That it is the duty of ihe Executive, and not of the judiciary, to see that the laws be faithfully executed. And that the exercise of the writ of mandameus for such a purpose would be to transfar the Executive power of the country to the courts. 2dly. That congress have conferred upon none of the circuit courts (not distinguishing between this circuit court and any other in this respect) the rght to is su^the writ of mandamus for the purpose of compelling, or directing the official actions of executive officers ; in which capacity the Postmaster General has acted in this case; and that, so acting, he is subject to the control of the President, and not of the Court. 3dly. That even admitting the power of the Court to issue the writ, this is n ?ta legitimate case for its application. The mandatnu3 can only isue to compel the performance of an act merely and purely ministerial, and not of an act in the performance of which a discretion i6 confined to the party performing it. That the act which the mandamus commands the Post master General to perform is not merely min isterial. That the writ of mandamus is allow ed to be issued by the Circuit Court only to [ enforce their juristhction. That in the matter to which this mandamus applies the Court has r not, and never had, jurisdiction. That the mandamus cannot tjive that jurisdiction, but only where the jurisdiction exists enforce it. 4thly. That the mandamus orders, the Post master General to do that which is impossible to be done. That he has not now the custody and command of the books in which the cred its are commanded to be entered. When Mr. Key had done reading the paper from the Po*tma>ter General, the opinion of the Attorney General was read upon the form er decision in the case by the Court, and in opposition to the same. Mr. Key then entered his appearance in the case, and placed the documents 011 file. The principal topics adverted to, and relied upon, in these papers are pretty much, in sub stance, as follows: The Postmaster and At torney General contend, that, und-r our Con stitution, in this feature assimilated to that of England, all power is divided into three parts ?the legislative, the executive, the judicial, ?ach independent of the other, and properly jealous of its own r?ghts; that the executive branch is a "unit" ? one ? indivisible; that the duty of the Executive is to execute the laws ; that, for this purpose, all the officers of the country, charged with the execution of the laws, ate subordinate to, and dependent upon, and removable by, him; that the Executive is the President, who aldnc is responsible for the manner in which the laws are executed, and punishable by impeachment; that if the Circuit Court is chargeable with seeing that the laws are executed, under the Constitution, then the Circuit Court is the Executive, and the Presi dent is nut; that no court of the United States can enfore a writ against the Executive, be cause the officer who executes the process is of executive appointment, and the Executive can disrobe him of authority, on the spot, when he comes to execute unwelcome process, and before it is executed; that the reasoning by Mr. Justice MarshaM, in iMarbury vs. Madison, was extra-judicial, and therefore not authority; that the C rcuit Court was not applied to.afterthat decision, for a mandamus; that the doctrines set forih in case were not altompted to be car ried out; that Justice Marshall himself has said that the reasoningin a case is not fairly refer rrble except to rases identically the same; that this case is not identical with that of Marbury vs. Madison, which was to do an act merely ministerial. A letter was introduced into the argument from Mr. Jefferson to Mr. May, the prosecuting attorney in Burr's case, arguing against the authoriiy of the case of Marbury vs, Madisioc, and expressing his refusal to at tend court as a witness. The Postmaster General prefaced his statement with an ex pression of the utmost respect for the tribunal to whose authority fie excepted. He required, if this power existed, why had its exercise so | long slept? Why had it lain in unbroken slumber from the days of Marbury vs. Madi son until now] Why did not the Bank of the United States invoak its aid to have the depo sits restored to her by mandamus to the Se cretary of the Treasury? Why not take this course, instead of convulsing the nation, and thundering in the Capitol! The Postmaster General concluded with a repetition of the sentiment of respect for the Court. Mr. Coxe.on the part or the relators, mov/ ed to quash the return as insufficient, and that the peremptory writ be ordered. He said that he confided in the opinion of the court artd certainly heard nothing in the papers r< ad to shake that confidence.. He said that he was teady to go on with the argument, but as it would be proper to reply to the new argu ments advanced in the papers presented to the court, he would be prepared to do so on Mondav, when he would be assisted by other counsel, ^Mr. Reverdy Joh'nsvn, of Baltimore.) He hoped that Mr. Key would allow him the use of the original papers, as there was no time to make copies; which-Mr. Key promptly agreed to. Mr. Coxe observed; that it was evident that, after the passage of the law directing the transer of the books to the Treasury Depart inent, the Postmaster General did make credits to the account of the relators. Mr. Key said the gentleman will find him self mis'aken. Mr. M. S. Clarke made a few remarks as to the credits. Judge Cranch stated, that if it were true that the books and pap. rs, upon which the credits were ordered to be made, were re moved from the custody of the Postmaster General, and in the hands of clerks not of his appointment or control, as averred by him in his paper to the Court, that then no peremptory mandamus could issue. For that would be to issue the writ to compel him to do that which it would be impossible for him to perform. The consideration of the case was then postponed to Monday. Wednesday , June 28. ? Mr. Key, in resum ing his addresses to the Court this morning, adverted to the importance of the case, and expressed his desire to present his views fully upon the subject, apologizing for the time which he felt necessary looccupy, in order to do justice to the argument against the issuing of the Mandamus. Mr. Key said, in what he should consider it his duty further to urge upon the subject, he should conscientiously oppose the doctrines held bv the learned gentleman on the other side. He had no duabt that ' the learned counsel opposite were equally conscientious in the opinions they entertained. Mr. Key nrnonted upon the opinions expressed by the Court, and those of the learn ed coun -el, at considerable length. He cited numerous passages from the Federalist, and cited a great many cases in illustration of his positions. He concluded his speech at half past 3 o'clock, when* the Court adjourned until to morrow. Thursday , June 29.? Public expectation seema to have beeif strongly excited this morning to hear Mr. Reverdy Johnson's ad dress to the Court, in reply to the argument of Mr. Key in this very important case" Tnc court room was very much crowded, and, among the spectators present, we noticed sev eral distinguished legal gentlemen, and others from the adjoining counties and States. Mr. K^y rose, before .Mr. Johnson com j menced his address, and observed that, as he had yesterday enlirely omitted to notice that point of the Postmaster General's answer, in which he stated that the Circuit Court had required him to perform a duty which was not in his power, he (Mr. K.) would, with the leave of the Court, occupy a brief space of time in noticing what had been said by the learned counsel on the other side, in relatfon to that particular point. Mr. Key contended that, inasmuch as the books were no longer in the Postmaster General's possession, but in the hands of the Auditor of the Treasury Department, he had no longer the ability to enter the credit as required by the Mandamus, and that it was absurii to say, as had been contended on the other side, that a credit on paper, or otherwise than in the books, was all that was required. The learned gentle^ man occcupied about half ar. hour in making this explanation. Mr. Reverdy Johnson then commenced a speech of unusual strength and effect, which was listened to with close attention by the Court, the Bar, and every one present, until he sat down, apparently much exhausted, a little before two o'clock. We believe we risk nothing when we say that Mr. Johnson's id-, dress to the Court was considered by all who heard it as a maste'ly d splay of forensic eloquence, legal research, and sound argu ment. Mr. Johnson's introductory remarks, in which he gave a succinct and lucid history of the case, on the part ofthe relators, evident ly made a deep impression ; and his subse quent obsejvations were keen, forcible and convincing. The style of the learned gentle man as a speaker is vehement as well as nervous. He argues, however, with great self-possession, and seems to be exceedingly well poised though occasionally pungent and sarcastic To tuose who delight to hear a manly, straightforward, and eloquent speak er, we would recommend an attendance to morrow, (Friday,) in the Court room, when, as Mr. Johnson has given notice, he will conclude his argument. Letters from JStutigard state that an exten sive publishing house, known as ihe Magazin des Classiques, have purchased at a large price, a manuscript fr<>ni Bulwer, the celebra ted novelist. He is under encagemeuts not to publish the work in English for a certain num ber of years. It is said to be a keen satire on the follies of the present era. Prom "" MtMg'bi. /border Our readers will probablWp ? . .... making ihem acquainted, s<rL- _c e8te<* have been received, of the acti<Lr rent Slates in relation to the JJt' * cnlties of the country. duB*' r lie Legislature of Mississippi, ou^^ * are aware, was convened by the Govertlkf!l that State, to devise measures of relief fo^?T present times. We can only say that the gielature has convened and adjourned, without* doing any thing for the relief of the people. The legislature of Alabama met on the I2th. The relief Committee, we understand, wilf make the following recommendations, which accord with the views expressed in the Execu* tive message, and which it is supposed will meet the approbation of the legislature: and be passed into Jaws. 1st. They recommend to extend the ttaok* debt one, two and three years. ' 'M- Creole a c?pit*l of 85,000000, a poo which the banks shall issue ihe same amounts on one, two, three and four years, to be dis tributed in the State in proportion to popula tion and the wants of the community, upon at pledge of real estate of double the value, of unproved town property of four times the cash value, or two good personal securities renew, able annually. 3d. That the Banks shall gradually increase and steadily maintain their specie basis. 4th. Remit the damage on protested Bills of Exchange. 5th. Authorise the* Banks of Montgomery and Mobile to sell their stock, so that the dis count shall not make the interest exceed six percent. _ The Governor of Georgia refuses to calHu* extra session of the legislature. J7 South Carolina we believe, so fa/srwr know, has not moved at all, in reference to a call of her legislature. ~ The Executive Council of-~North Carolt** m;jt on the 15<h, and unanmfously advised the Governor against the expediency of conven ing the legi*Ia u'e at an earlier day than that prescribed by law. ^e legislature of Virginia convened on the 12th. The Governor recommends to the people "patience, industry and economy ? a reliance on themselves, and the exertion of their stur dy virtues, as ihe best remedy for the times. He disapproves any attempt to change the present banking system ; pronounces the pro jec. of an exclusive metallic currency imprac ticable, and its agitation at present onlv calcu lated further to derange the business of t^e country. He urges the importance of mafe taining the credit of the Stale Banks? recom. mends laws to be passed relieving them from the disabilities and penalties to be incurred by their suspension of specie payments, and au thorising such suspension for a limite d period. The Governor of Pennsylvania refused to convene the legislature of that Shale. The New Jersey extra legislature got into a political squabble, and adjourned without do ing any thing. In one branchofthe legislature it seems there was a large majority of Van Burenites, and in the other a small majority of whigs, making the Van Burens the majority on joint ballot. These, apprehensive of never being in so fair a position again, determined to profit by the extra occasion, regardless of the object of the call, and urged, as the first busi* ness to be transacted, the making of various appointments, which should properly devolve on the next regular legislature ; whilst the whigs insisted that they should first despatch the business for which they were convened^ Here arose the squabble, which ended in au adjournment, sine die. New York, our readers are aware, has grant ed authority for the suspension of specie pav** ments, under certain conditions, for twelve months. The Connecticut legislature has legalised the. suspension of specie payments till the first of July, 1838 , and has likewise suspended for the same time the law prohibiting the issue and circulation of bllis under three dollars, pro viding that the banks shall at all times redeem t ieir small bills with specie, under the penalty of the forfeiture of their charters. THE VIRGINIA LEGISLATURE. I The Adjourment. ? Both Houses of the As sembly adjourned on Saturday evening, after a session of two weeks. They passed tix acts, three of them of a general, and three of a local character, and expended about twenty thou sand dollarsof the money of the Comroo#? wealth. We have not the exact titles of the acts, but can state the purport of them, te wit: An act to stay proceeding on executions, trust deeds, and other evidences of debt, in case of refusal to receive bank notes. An act for the temporary relief of the banks of this Commonwealth. An act concerning the State's proportion of the surplus revenue of the United States, and for other purposes. An act to amend the act of last session, uthorizmg. a subscription of two-fifths of the aincreased capital of the Portsmouth and Roanoke Railroad Company. ^ An act to provide payment for the services of the cJerk'to the joint committee on banks, and for the extra services ofih^ public printei and the printer to ihe Senate; and An act to release the taxes for the present year upon the town lots in the town of Suf? folk, the buildings on which were destroyed by fire. This is an average of something more than $3,000 for each act, and the question may? well be asked, was the service rendered wortf> tiie cost ? The infallible "Democrat* " who pretend so much veneration for the public wilJr gave the people a stay law, which was not asked for, and denied relief in the way of small change, which was clamorously sought for by the large bodies of the people. They alsfr "tied up the hands of the banks," snd have required them to curtail at a season of the year when the spring business generally opens, (February and March,) and when .cointopQ sense and all mercantile experience would, have dictated an expansion. Pensacoltt, June 17. ? The Urrea. ? In our last we omitted to mention, that the Mexican brig of War, Gen. Urrea, sailed from thisport with the Vandaha , on the 16th. Orders had been received here, by the commander of the squadron, to pay all her exposes, & to place her in the same situation as that in which sbe was when the capture was made. Lieut. Moore, U. S. N. went out in the Gen. Urrea% but no o:hei person from ihe squadron is on board of her. We understand the commander of the Gen. Urrea declined hoisting the flag of Mexico, until he could communicate with his government. The brig, therefore, presents the singular anomaly of a vessel of war^ailing up on the high seas, without any distinctive mark or characteristic, to show that she belongs to any nation. From what we can gather from the course of our government in relation to the capture of the Gen. Urrea, it would seem that the act itself is to be disavowed by the Government, but no positive censure is to fall on Capt,Mer vine. ? Gazelle. An aholition lecturer named Marcus R. Ro binson, while lately delivering lectures at Ber lin, Ohio, was seized by the populace, tarred and feathered, and carted out ot town.