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4 ^i ' "' ^ 1 - ? " ? '-^===^ ^-3V - r--.-7^r^^ ;? ~r-; -_==^_- ~ - --. -1 ^ ^ by cavis & trimmiee. Dctrotcfr to Southern ftxgljfs, politics, Slgricnlturc, aitir fttisccllmtg. 82 pee aottttk. ? t VOL. XIV. SPARTANBURG, S. C., THURSDAY, AUGUST~20^ 1857. *- NO.26. ' - - ?| i , THK GAKOLHTA SPAETAN. ?it"OAVtS^ TKIMMlEJR. ? TO. P.VERHOH Associate Editor. i ^ J*tlc?TWo l>obi^R? per onmitn in advance, or " | | $3.60 ?t the eud of the year. If not paid until H t after thv year expires $3.00. n fPsyiacut wilT be considered in ndtrauce if nmdo 't I within three months. ? . . No subscription taken for less than six months. .-J Weoey may be.remitted through postmasters at * oer risk. h * } Advertisement* inserted at the usual rate*, nod tc contracts made on reasonable terms. ^ Tho SrARTAN circulates largely orer this and f, ssdjoinjug districts, on<l offers an admiral lo mcd'?nn v osr friend* lo reach customers. hi Job work of all kinds promptly executed. gi Blanks, Law and iSquity, continually on baud or tl printed to order. vjj CAROLINA SPARTAN. ? - t? " ' ? ' i - h % - Italian Sketches. * 01 I A lady writer of celebrity, who recently visited Florence, and thence journeyed, by ciuy stages, to Rome, gives us some interest- Jv jng anecdotes relutivo to those cxtfaordina- ja ** ry characters, the Italian brigands. On w leaving one day, a place called Monto Varchi, where she and her companions had _ atnnrvod t?\ r nfmaK $K r,MA??l?<v/s * <i<v|>|>vu ku vut.iu nuiusums, uil'Y Itiuiui jj f the road loading through a douse and tan- 0 glcd forest. But we will let our traveller w tell her own story: R We at length carao to a clearing in the rj middle of the oak forest, just like a land- p scape by Stti valor Rosa, far from comforta- v Uo in appearance, ft was a kind of am- j.( phitheatre,' formed in the middle of what (j seemed to have l?ccn an old gravel-pit, half w a mile perhaps in circumference. The sidos fl were high and tugged, wild goblin trees t| standing on the extreme points in an alarm- j, ing manner, while below, the low cliffs w wore indented with various holes and nar- v, row apertures, admirably calculated for con- p ccaluiout, peeping out from the underwood 1 c| in a mysterious chiaroscuro, anything butj w reassuring. A long stone bridge occupied fi , the bottom of this pass, ascending the op posite side of tho amphitheatre. This ill- p, looking locality was called l'alazzaccio, and e, waa not wanting in its tales of brigands, be- u ing the favorite haunt of tho well known a| Spadolino. p This man was a sort of hero in his way, affecting to rob the rich in order to assist w the poor?gaining by this reputation no jj end of partisans nmong tho peasants, who a) invariably wink at all that soTtofwork. ol There was, it is said, a certain miller, who j ' had long kneaded his loaves in peace, with jj L a large family rising around him, until c; hard times came: tiie stream was no longer iV uueded to turn the or.iAj merry, wheel, starvation came upuii Itiin, he could not pay , , his rent, and was to bo turned out of the (t place be had looked upon its his home. The miller, in despair, sought tho deep rc- |, ctvues of this von* wood, wandering up and |j down its puik-like glades, and at last, seal- ft ing hiin-?elf on a rock, he burst out into ol oioiis and groans with true Italian furore, (j. Chance had led him into thu immediate f;t haunt of Spadolino, who, hearing a noise, ,;C suddenly appeared, no una know whence, tp as a tiuo brigand always should. JiuL the |,j miller, who had nothing to lose, was bold Ht with the confidence of utter poverty, and ln cored neither for his stiletto nor his gun, but t|{ wept on, and wrung his hands unmoved. tv "What is the matter!" quoth Spadolino; |,; "aud, diavolo, why are you making such a noise in my wood!" j? "Ah!" cried the miller, "I care neither I ^ for you nor the devil, who you may bo for w aught 1 know. I am ruined and undone, unless by this time to-morrow 1 can pro- jj duce ninety fi mcisconi to pay my rent, j5 Santa Maria! 1 have not a pualtriao, and we shall he turned out of the country, me Cfl and my poor children, to starve." And J with that ho buried his face in his hands , w and wept louder than lieforo. j cr "ito you kuovv me?" said Spadoliuo. w "No," replied t!ie miller; "but 1 guess you are h brigand by your dress. Jiul what is that to roe!" "Because," answered Spadolino, "if you knew nie you might expect lielp from roe, i * lor 1 have the power to do that, and much more, if 1 please. When has it ever bean t?iid that Spadolino haa refused to assist a ^ |?oor man in distress? Amico inio, you i j' shall have the money?my hand upon it." | a "Santa Maria]" cried the millor, starting i . up and seizing the brigand's iron fist, "is it \ * possible? Can this be true? Oh, augel of i , . my life! savior of ray family! Thanks? ^ thanks." And down he tumbled on hi* h.j knees and kissed Spadolino's feet. "Do here," returned the latter, "by sun- j ^ j-jse to morrow, and I will give you the ! ^ money, Go home and drink the health of ^ Spadolino the liriganli, the friend of tho poor and the terror of the rich, and beware, iu future, for he may not again he at hand cu to assist you. Tho lielldiounds hunt me l'V sore, and I have often dreampt of late of' *VI tho domes of Florenco?a bad sign for me, 1 cr as I shall only see them when my time is i> I du come. . That ovening a carriage was slopped 1 ' crossing the very bridge at the bottom of no the pass and a rich booty secured. Spado-1 JV.H lino, as cruel to the rich as lie was merciful 1"J ti.? saa. t.~.i -si em iiiv i'vwi , momuui aivi^ viiiw inu iiiruiiib oi tlio men it contained, am] left (he worn on ou in llie road mourning over their corpses. Women, lie told his band, were no subjects ^oc for liim, and lie would neither injure nor i insult theui, nor carry them into the wood. I ,m as the younger among tho amiablo brethren j no suggested, As soon as the earliest streaks V01 of morning tinged the neighboring A pen-1 co1 nines, the miller returned to the spot whore Ca1 tliey had met Hie previous night, and found ' Spadolino somewhat p.tie and anxious, but da; holding in his hand tho premised money kn tied up in a bag. a fi "Here," said ho, "is the gold. Let one 6?g man, at least, bless iny naino, though my I hands be bloody." i to The miller shuddered as ho saw that so da; indeed they wore; but, without asking in- hx< convenient questions, clutched die bag, earn I of estly thanking the brigand as tho savior of i ?n his fortunes. the 'Ay, you may thank mo," said Spadoli- kno o, gloomily, "for this night's work shall bo wou iy last. If I can escape into Koraagnn 1 long rill never draw knife more in Tuscany, to b 'hey are too close upon me. Go, amico O ?io, carry this money homo, and when a wl do fattore eomes to turn you out of your said, ii{l, throw it in to his face, and let him fee) any is genuine." . uuni The miller faithfully followed his advice, uot nd by mid day felt doubly gratified by "* ' aving paid his renaud insulted the fat- "ba? ire, who came with similar Christian in- am rnlions. But poor Spadolino lind ron his to c? ice. Tiiis last robbery and murder had M1 een hurried and ill combined; when tho cd ii otulnrmes arrived on the spot they 1 raced youi le brigands into tho recesses of the forest, noxt padOlino was taken, and soon after hung you, t the Porta Santa Croco, at Florence, to at 1 leinBuito sorrow of the grateful miller, who, not i owever, held his tongue moBt determinedly " i his pnrt in the catastrophe. lie ?? and The TiiKAoncnoua Priest.?Hero is ano- by * lOr curious robbor story. The fate of Gas- G arono proves that tho strongest of animals mes oftentimes overcomo by tho craft of the ?ons oak: stall Wo wcro still wandering in tho same ro- ever tantic oak forest, which extends for mauy tho liles. Not a roof was visible. Tho shades and f evening were gathering around. No the under, from thinking cf brigand*, that wo two II fell to talking about them as tho car- mag ingo lazily pursued its way. One of the '-"Cs arty remembered sffcing Gaspnrono some drip oars ago at Civita Vooeuia after his sur- theii inder. Ho was allowed to walk up and of r own sumo particular wall or bastion, from lock hence ho was visiblo, and people went in B ticks to gaze on him, because ho hated treai io priosts, liko a true Italian. Good cause, men ideed, had ho to execrafo them fur the the survy trick played on him to iuduco his cuse oluntary surrender!?a true specimen of this io puuic faith in vogue among these black- lock naked gentry, and in perfect accordance wan ilh the priestly motto, that the end justi- Oivi cs the means. has ?i. - 1 - * 1 xi.wpuviic, nuu primps was me most j 01 .11 nishcd specimen of a brigand Italy bad *trui rcr produced, had long exorcised his trade o?c< tmiolesled, nnd quiellv robbed, pluodered, of tl ud murdered quito ?fanlaisie in the Cam- Had ngna, where his natno whs lunch inoro nine inred than the l'opo's. JIo had somohero or other a cavern, which extended T vo miles underground, like a catacomb, nflci nd when the unhappy soldiers wore scut corn ut against him, they were shot down by eciv< ozeus out of the troo?, as it seemed, for no 1 ving mortal could bo seen. All hope of ing ipluring the gentleman by fair means liavi as abandoned as desperate, when the chai ricsts bethought themselves of a strata- prcs nm, whioh one of their uutnbur undertook an c > put into execution. brok This priest?who by tbo way must have rone ad immense moral courage?was a sickly, elevi tin ascetic, with poverty stamped on every wife in lure of his starved lineaments, lie set ? Inlet ul boldly from Komc, discovered one of rapt le entrances into the fainou*, or rather in sotm inous, cavern, nnd without more ado do- ly *] ended. When ho made his appearance, chee ie bandits were so utterly taken aback at (?as| is temerity that they forgot to shoot him, was id then became Curious to know what gem adman could thus have ventured into no p icir lair voluntarily. The entire hand? the I vo hundred in number?gathered round to, v in?; their murderous forms lit up by the ?vt are ol the torches, which Surnt continual "1 in this sulnorranenn garrison. Thoro my as a savage leer on lliuirdark faces, when, pieti itli a sort of unutterable yell, tlicv de- seo. landed what he wanted, at the same time his ugling their knives in an ominous chorus. "No ut tho priest stood Gnu. me, "1 want," saiJ ho, "to know if a man l'ghi died (J a* pa rone is to bo found here?" S-in: There was a devilish chuckle in reply, l'or hich expressed Ves! And the fearful and owd pressed still clo>er round the priest, I ho stood in the centre. cirei "What do you want with Gasparonei" whit last said 0110 of the band. coin "I come," replied tho priest, "with a ines- k?e< go to him from tho Holy Father." And ?.r' " his name lie uncovered and crossed him- 110,1 If as coolly as if he had seen him in a >liday procession at St. I'oter's. "But | is message," resumed ho, "can only he rftrn ilivered to him alone; and I am come to | u e vour chief, whom people call Gnspn- ' o,1C0 no." ?no The bandits wero astonished, and actual- ' Por^ almost respected the thin, helpless priest w'''c r his courage. The crowd fell oil, the l' Icltoes r.o longer rattled; they formed in j small groups, seeming to discuss among , ' 1 emsolves whether or not th?y should in- ' lucri >duco liiin to GasparonO. At last ono of 14 *]" u uuiuuor ui?appeareu. ' \i'i j % ? COt*l c \\ hon Uasparone, filling in Ins own pc* liar lair, keeping his savage slato, heard j . V nL a priest wanted to nee bill), lie roared ' ih savage laughter, making the long g,d- J 11 ies echo again; then ho swore a lion id . ih, ipiite suitable to his character. "What, ivolo," cried he, "does the madman moan, j.' it ho comes hero to run his hoad into the orJ' osol Is lie weary of his convent life, and 'l mis me to shorten ill Faith, 1 will.soon do ? i business if that bo all. Put in with the I orr* rrion; lot nio hear what lio brings from g( r brother tho Pope." 1 jjue The priest appoarod, and in a tone of per- j H.jV9.' t coinposuro repeated his errand. ; camj "I come," said lie, "with a message of ,)erol jrcy from tho Holy Father." "I fear you b t. Why should you harm mo, when 1 ?^;rc aturo here to tell you that which, did 1 not i nol j' no, you could novor know in theso deep tj)0 j rerns, though it is on all men's tongues." 1 t|)0V "Hut," cried Clasparouo, "wo cumo up to powt y sometimes though, as the I'opo well imps ows, for bravely have wo plucked many t their it monsignorc. What is thon this tnos- said.' ;o wo ?lo not know!" It is an offer of pardon?entiro pardon pj I 1!. -_l - - --- ? " mniiuji wiio surrenuors wiiniii liiruo I'lenl /s from litis lime. No comliliotie aro af- with xl; the Holy Father seeks only tho souls the sinner. This decree is hung up every cross, Hud in tho four ways along "iuos great roads. Hut how were you to H por w this down below! The three days ' Id have expired?mercy would have no ;er been offered?therefore am 1 come , ring you pardon and peace." aapnrono frowned, and was silent. For ! jilo ho seemed to weigh what the priest ' , and eyed him askance, as if to detect ' treachery. But the man of blnck stood iovod, his hands folded on his breast, 1 a innscle quivering. ( What assurance," at last said Ctasparone, re I for the sincerity of his offer? llow 1 [ to know it is not all an infernal trick rgo inc in tho not?" t is a royal ordinance, signed rnd seal[) duo form, as all may see, nnd as you ' self may assure yourself; for during tho thrco'days thero is a truce, and even Oasparone, and your band, may walk arge. You will judge yourself if I am ] sneaking tho truth." \Ve will see," moodily replied the chief, waved his hand, tho priest withdrew, ' passed out through tho long passages 1 vliicli he had entered, asparone, relying on tho word of the ' icnger, during the stated truce, did perJly satisfy himself as to tho truth of the 1 orient. Tho ordinance, drawn up with ' y formality, and bearing the impress of I'apal arms, whs hung on every column cross of tho groat thoroughfares. On third day, Gusparone and his band of ' hundred suncnduicd formally to the astral cs. It was a great sight to seo o ferocious men, redolent of murders, ping as it were with blood, come with j r arms in their hands, and retiro shorn dl their strength, liko Samson of his s, and helpless as he. ut oh! incredible extent of priestly chory! No sooner wero the wretched disarmed than they weto seized by I'apal troops, and imprisoned. No cx- 1 was given, no jnsnitry attempted for J vilo breach of faith. Gasparono was AS! ,.A i. IU r<?<i- a? ? 1 ? U|> ill mu v^nnwu own /vngeio, RlicrIs to be transferred to the prison at la V ocelli a. The brigand yot lives, hut 1 boon sent to Corsica, that alma mater ' II Italian vaurims. The priest?the inment in this vile transaction?was at ! shipped oir to Florence, out of tho way 10 revengeful stilettoes of the Romans, i ho remained on their 6ide the Apon* s ho was a dead man. he Beggar's Anecdote.?-Tho writer wards gained moro information coning Ga?pa rone's doings, as will bo pered below: remoipbcr onco at Forrara, while stand- I before that glorious old Gothic pilo. ' ng my attention drawn to a low sort of it in the centre of a ragged crowd. I ' sod forward into the circle, where stood 1 >! ! Mind beggar, singing in a hoarse, ten recitative, tho adventures of Gaspai, represented in a tremendous picture, j | ?t<?d on poles, to which his attendant pointed with a long stick, while he re- j 1 the incidents, jlis audience stood in 1 attention while the old fellow sang of ' e horrid murder; which, when especial>iev, was received with low hraavs and \ rs. Among other feats, ho told how 1 mronc, wanting to cross into Tuscany, 1 met on tho borders of a river by lire ' larrne, who asked for his passport, but 1 assport had he, so he shot him through 1 head, saying?"This, bravo tnio solda- ' i ill be a passport for mo nnd you both ' >u above, and mo below." ieliolJ, excellent and noble company, ' wife will point out tho fact in the great ire, which 1, alas, being blind, cannot 1 A ltd nnu, " cot.l I.* f-.ll;.-- -I I V - < ?TM?v? UV| UW? II VII ' knees, without any kind of preface? ! I w, good nrui Christian people, look at , a poor Hind man, shut out from the i i of the sun, and for tho love of the J issima Vergino give me some bajocchi I Tainoro del Cielo, assist me, oh great good people of 1-Vnara!" j j?on this adjuration his wife made the lit of tho crowd with a tin bov, into j :h tho money was dropped. As tho chinked, the blind man, still on hi?*, with his hands clasped as if in pray j odded approvingly. When the collee- j was over, ho rose, smoothed Lis board, began again. \ow," alter thanking tho people of Forfor their noble charity to a poor euro, ill continue lo relate how Casparono' arrived in Tuscany, stopped n ve'tunear Kadieofaui, and murdered eight _?ns, with oilier wonderful adventures, h you seo, excellent signors, sot forth >e picture. Wife, point out faithfully particulars." ie crowd, whoso curiosity was rapidly using, pressed closer around him, as in rill voice hg resumed his chant, could have stayed willingly until tho 1 ti si on of so rich and thoroughly Italian no, but 1 was travelling in haste, and no spare time. 1 could not but retlect , an admirable loss.in in brigandage the man gave, holding up Gusputono to ersal admiration for his bloody <1 C 0 < 13, 1 encouraging all tho i I n raganiiillins of \ra to go ai:d do likew 1st*, This is not 1 item calculated to put down tho evil, naily in so bad a neighborhood as1 ua. >kt Soap.?According to the Abbe 1 Eastern'monarch* are guilliblo. llo't "Once it happened thai :i Frenchman ' ? to tho Khan of Tartary, an 1 tlie Kin- t r asked hint what ottering ho had ght hint. Tho Frenchman replied, t , I hftvo brought you nothing, for I did 'c mow of your groat power.' 'How,'said 'Iinperor, 'did nut tho very birds, as ? (lew over your country, tell vou of our s 'r?' Tho Frenchman replied, 'Sire, per- I they did, but, as I do not understand < htngaage, I do not know what they < And thus the Emperor was npponsed." , a iidr's Meai.8.?Pride breakfasted with ! .y, dined with Poverty, and supped ' Infamy. I I impernicle says a woman's huait is the ' ? I sweetest" thing in the world; in f.trt, | 1 feci luHvyctiwh- full of telh. /hrwaro. 11 Mr. Dallas in England. Od the 21st July there was great rejoi ing at tho town of Boston, Lincolnshire, coi -equent on the re-opening of tho Soulhwe Chapel of tho Church hi that town, whic lias been restored by the citiztios of Dosloi Massachusetts, an a memorial of John Co Lon. Mr. Dallas, tho American Ministe the Bishop of Kentucky, nnd ex-May* Bigelow, of boston, Massachusetts, wei iiiuong those who took part ill the procoo< ing?. An address was presented to M Dallas on the occasion, and two speech* were made by that gentleman in the coun of tho proceedings. Tho circumstances which led to this re [oration are as follows: John Cotton w; v icar of Boston, in Lincolnshire, from 1C1 lo 1033. In llio latter year ho resigned It living and removed to the colony of Ne Ktigland, where he was instrumental in e tablishinr* tho town?now lUmi*?f lt~ n v,v Vl ton, and wliero ho died, universally rospoc ed, in December, 1052. Boston, in Mass ehusetts, was so called in compliment 1 Mr. Colton, and many of tlio earliest so tiers in New Kngland emigrated from Lii colnshiro, and patlicularly from 'ho neigl borhood of Dos ton. Mr. Dallas said: While 1 may bo po milled to acknowledge the toast, I must i Lho&ame time remark that 1 do not thin you could liuvo drunk a hotter toast, think tho country which you have toaslc is worthy of being loaslod hy you nnd I; any assemblage of distinguished and intc leclual freemen. She is, perhaps, especin ly deserving of being toasted by Knglisl men. And why? Because thero are vi rious points of character in which llio Un ted States of America and Great Drilai very much resemble each other. You ? ' yourselves honor when you toast a c?>untr so like your own as the United State Ihcro arc many points of rcscmhlanco l> Iwcen tlie countries to which 1 havo lefc red. On tho other sido of tho Atlantic v are brave; so are you. On the other side < the Atlantic we are touchy in resenting ii suit; so ure you. On the other side of tho Atlantic wo a fond of commercial pursuits, nnd do n< much relish commercial competition; this also like you. Now it very otten happen particularly in tho pursuit of national o jects, and in respect to events which afle the welfare or condition of masses of ll people, that resemblances give rise to coi troversies, disputes, nnd collisions. T1 merchant who is anxious to make tho mc profit out of a series of speculations is vei apt to quarrel with a mm who is going ii to the same scene of speculation. An e rellent orator is very apt to quarrel wit him who attempts to rival him. And po haps nothing is more certain?I do n? however, i.:t it positively, 1 hn-n sjl heard of it?that a very beautiful wotns is apt to see defects in another bcautifi woman. Now, the*o resemblances ofie jause heart burnings, disquietudes, and co lisions. Therefore, the United States America and ( real Britain should not, ; prudent nations, relv too much on tho e ..< .... ...i i..." .... ' - ? i ntiiuve vi ivsi'iiiuiuill'i'i UUl Ol WI1ICU CV may nri?o. Let us a linii, iu reference I ?ach other, that we are bulh high-mindci independent and galiaut nations; that v possess great resources of every desciiplio commercial, agricultural, mechanical, an IliiHiicial; that in one point wo are like lu Lrous stars abovo in the great firmament i iiurnan being. We are at the head of every nation < llio earth. All that wo h rvo to do, tlier fore, for the purpose of pescrring, and, possible, perpetuating tl.n ir.termUiou; irien Iship and regard so eloquently dwe upon by the gentlcmnn who preceded n ?a gentleman whom 1 recollect a gre, many years ago?1 should shock him, pe haps, if I said in so large a company of 1 lies how many years ago?in \\ ashingtc ? left u?, I say, maintain, and if povubl perpetuate that international goodwill, I re.-iignising each other as perfectly e jual i iho possession of the attributes and qua! ties of human nu'uro. On that princip! Mine into collision when we may and ho ive may, we siiall never Gnd a diflicully ? recount of our <1 it lore trees of opinions an >1" nations in putting an end to our col, dons. 1 have gone much further than mended. The toast is, as I hnro said, most excellent one, "The President of t! United States,1' and there is hut one thin hat secures its excellence, and that is t! kind and generous manner in which yo tare rcc- iii 1 it. 1 renew my thanks,!) >t in behalf of Mr. 11 jchanan, the Preside! >f tho I nito-1 States, and < ! my own coui ry, for the manner in which you have r reived my h thh. Suhseipt, -itlv, i:i telurning thanks cu I: )wii beli.til. t',1 the toast <.f 1 lie M.tii l, if llie I tilled States," Mr. Pallas sail 1'iiero are topics, I confess, I should like t ouch on, but the advanced hour of lli .a , ning forbids me. There is one, bono r, 1 mu7>t beg of you to excuse me for it inducing. I heard the distinguished gei lenian on the opposite side make incniio f what is called tho Anglo-Saxon rac Well, th at iiu d'-ubt i^ a veiy dislinguishe ace. It is entitled to high praise, f>r ias accomplished wonders. Put I do iu hiuk that tho United Slates of Amotion,! hey now exist, can ho considered as coi i ... .1. . ? . ?, a t. men 10 iiiu . \ ugio-oason race. 11 i* a 111:1 or of fair truth to say to you that tliore i \ very large proportion of the citirt-ns ? ho I nitod States who are Celt-*, not ?Ni jlo-Saxon*. If there bo any Irish here they imi-t in lerstaml that their fellow couiilryinen coi tilute a Tory largo proportion of what iii.i ?e termed tho character of the United Statt if America. Nay, to go a little further, on if our States is almost exclusively Rpanisl mother of our States is almost exclusive! Vouch; ami the very Stale t<> which I ai roud to belong, a State that is calle i th voystono State, has so many of its populn ion of tho <?ernian race, that wo are a uw lly obliged to publish our laws in that Ian ;u:;ge to accommodate them. Now a heso races blended together ooii>;iiute lb ational character of the United States < America. That country, therefore, is n< exclusively Anglo-Saxon. Undoubted! c" tome of its most distinguished sources < n' origin are Anglo-Saxorr, but as now organ 81 zed?as it is now fixed?under its proaei " Constitution and present population, it is n? Government and u country composed of a peoples and races, and not confiuod excli r' sively to the Anglo Saxon. )r m ? ? ro Hugh Miller on the Coal Measures. The following is n magnificent descri] r* tiou, by liugh Miller, of the formation < coal measures. Render nnd writer are su] 50 poicd to be on the waves and among tl forests of tho actually submerging world: a- "Wo have entered tin **'?al measure J For seven formations together, our cours ; from tho lower Silurian to the upper ol H Sandstone, has lain over like oceans will w out a visiblo shore, though, til Coluiubi s in his voyage of discovery, T havo no and then found a little floating weed, to ii l" 'dicate the approaching coast. The water l" fast shallowing. Yonder passes a broke ? branch with the leaves still unwithered; an there floats a tuft of forn. Lund, from tl a* mast head! Lund! land! land! A low shoi '* thickly covered with vegetation. "lingo trees of wonderful form stand 01 r" far in the water. There seems no into *} vening beach. A thick hedge of reeds, tn j as tho masts of pinnaces, run along tl deeper bays, liko water flags at tho edge < a lake. A river of vast volume cornea rol ? ing from tho interior, darkening tho wall , for leagues with its bliino and mud, an bearing with it, to tho open sea, reeds rui fern, and cones of tho piuo, and iinrnen V floats of leaves, and hero and there sou '' bulky tree, undermined and uprooted I tho current. We near tho coast, and no ? enter the openings of tho stream. A scan - penetrable phalanx of reeds, that attain 1 tho height and well nieli to tho hulk c forest trues, is ranged on cithor liand. Tl bright and glossy btems seem rodded lil ('j. Gothic columns; ilio pointed leaves star out, green at every joint, tier above tic 1 each tier rcsombling a coronal wreath, < an ancient crown, with the rays turned ou wards; and wo see n-top what may bo eitlu large spikes or calkins. 18 "What 6trango forms of vegetable lifoa pear in the forest bobindl Can that ho J, club moss that raises its slender height f< tnoro than fifty feet from tho soil? or en 10 theso tall palm liko trees bo nctunlly fern | and these spreading branches mero frond '* And then tho gigantic reeds! arc they n< mere varieties of the common horse tail our hogs and morasses magnified sonio si ty or a hundred times! llavo we arrive ^ at some such country as tho continent visi C'l by Gulliver, in which ho found thicl f" ets of woods tall as woods of twenty yeai i?* growth, and lost himself amid a forest * corn fiuy feet in height. Tlio lesser rog talion of our ow n country, its reeds, tnoraa es and ferns,seem hero as if viewed throng a microscope; the dwarfs have grown up ii , to giants, and yet thoro appears to bo i proportional increase iu nizo among wh are unecuivocallv its trees. Yonder is V * group of what seoui to bo pines, tall at bulky, it is true, but neither taller n< 'j bulkier than the pines of Norway ar ' America; and tho club moss behiud shoo ' up its green hairy arms, loaded with wh j seem catkins, above their topmost cone Hut what monster of tho vegetable wur comes floating ilowu the stream, now ci cling round in tho eddies, now dancing c ^ tho ripple, now shooting oh the rapid! resembles a gigantic star-fish, or an in I mouse coach-wheel divested of the rii ^1 There is a green, dome-like mass in tho coi tie, that coricsponds to tho nave of tl wheel or tho body of tho star fidi, and tl *1 l> Highs hli >ot out horizontally on cvei side, like spokes from tho nave, or ra; from tho central body, Tho diameter c??i ' I siderably exceeds firty feet, and the brancl j e-, originally of a deep green, are assumir . l'ie golden lingo of decay; tho cylindric . and hollow leaves stand out thick on evoi side liko the prickles of tho wild rose c 1 j tho red, fleshy, huico-like shoots of a yeai ' growth, that will ho covered two eeasol henco with tl >wers and fruit. That Strang j ! ly formed organism presents no exislin j typo among ail the numerous families I tlio vegetable kingdom. Theio is an ama I ing luxuriance ol growth ail around ii ? s". ,i * ... ,...i . , - .. w ? i.i vuin iui m.irvu ummj; the thicket* C'f aquatic plant* tliat ri>o thic ' lVo:v. tlio muddy bottom; ami though tl suti-diino falls bright upon tlio upper Lou^l j <>1 tiio tangled forest beyond, not a r* '[ penetrates the more than twilight glooi that bioods over the marshy platform b low. Tlio rank steam of decaying veget te>n forms a thick bluo bla7.e, that partial! . ' obscures the underwood; deadly lakes carbonic iras have accumnlatod in f! r , hollows; there i> silence all around, uniyto ' rupted kkvo by a sudden splash of son ' reptile lisb that has risen to the surface i pursuit of i: pivv, or when a sudden breei 1 sjir *. the hot air and shakes the frond ft ' the giant furs or tho catkins of the reed I no v. i b? c miinent bef"ro its is a continvi 1 devoid of animal life, save that its pools an livers abound in fi-.li and mollusca, and th millions and tens of millions of the infusoi tubus bffnrm in the bogs and marsbc K Here and there, too, an insect of a stran; ls form flutters among the leaves. It is moi 1 than prohablo that no creature, furnish* 1 : with lungs of the more perfect constructio 1 j could have breathed the Atmosphere of th ' | early period and have lived." A little i11, on hearing her mother nn I % thai she inton led to go to a ball, and hat | a " ^ her ?1 ros.-* trimmed with bugles, innocent } imputed if the bugle* would nil blow win she danced. "(Mi, 110," sai l the mothc " "your father will do all that when ho <li cororh 1 have bought them." v ^ II If you want to gain a woman's affection 0 don't appeal to her head but to her lee k inga. One aqueece of tho hand, or j?r? ' i of tho hps, ia Worth a dozen apecche*. (Ja! Jt cy is an institution of touch, not of h>gi o \ gran I jury in Ohio havo prc ontoJ f "Sowing Society ' aa a nuisance. * The Calaveras Cave. ty ^ A correspondent of the K;in Francisco "j1 I Bulletin furnishes the following description 1 ' of a renowned cave in Calaveras county, . ' California: . 1 Wo arrived at 11 o'clock at Cave City, a ^ small and almost deserted raining town jv whore the cavo is situated. The curiosity ^ was first discovered by Capt. Taylor in 1850, while shooting at ? mark near by bis ^ cabin. After resting a few minutes and taking dinner, wo proceeded with our guide | to visit the dark recessos of Nature. The first and rnaitt entrance is on the side <>( a hill around the angle of a jutting rock, j.j s about three hundred yards from the town. ^ ' This artificial passago has been cut through (| the soiid rock about eighty feet. It whs 'j' with mingled feelings of awe an 1 wouder . 13 that I entered those stiil chambers, which ' w for thousand* of years had remained undist)_ Curbed by the rude voice of man. I felt like (j, an intruder upon the secret realms of dark- _ ,n uoss. As wo arrived at the entrance each ^ j of us lit our torches, and commenced in procession to grope our way with bended ro knee through the low and narrow aisles to R( the first chamber, which is called the Know- (| a, Nothing Lodge." The ceilings are high, l( fm dark, and irregular, and nro unadorned by ^ di ,lalaclit.e< , , ti ie Leaving tins clramber, we next enter jj "Register Hall," where every visitor is ex- 0) lj. pectcd to immortalize bis name by writing t| er it with charcoal upon the smooth columns Kj which line tho high coiling. This passage ;t] 1(j lead* to "Column Room," where there is a ?0 a largo swinging rock, so nearly balanced as to almost inovo by tho touch of the hand. l bero arc several columns standing which w hear evidence of being worn out by the n <0 leaping cascades of water from above. Wo [Q now turned to tho left, and crawled our way f 0f through tho "Tablo Passage" to tho "Chap- Cl 10 el liooin." This chamber presented many ^ . objects of curiosity and attraction. In tbo centre arose a natural altar of stalagmites, ^ _ while on 0110 side is n niche (worn in the rock) which very much resembles a pulpit. j Tho beauty of this room, as well as many ( ;r other parts of tho cave, has been much ^ marred hy visitohs breaking off and carry_ ing away tho most beautiful stalactites. I Jj a was pleased to learn that tbo proprietor has ^ jr determined to protect it from any further w in destruction. . j p From the "Chapel'1 was descended a slop- jfl s| ''ig passage to tho "Lake." This is an ir- j regular chamber, at tho bottom of which Qf thero is a lake of clear cold water, which Xm we wero informed hail been sounded one hundrod feet and no l*>ttoin had been dis- . ^ covered. We amused ouiselves by throw- j [._ iug stones in tho water to see the bubbles j riso long after they had disappeared in the j 0f depth of iho clear water below. Here we y Q> rested a short timo to refresh ourselves with ' a drink from the pure crystal water of this ^ p|j fountain, unrefiected by tbo light of day ^ and unruffled by tho passing breeze. r< 10 Next wo returned and hastened to the j ;il "Bishop's Palace." This chamber is ir- Q a regular in form, and is from sixty to ninety ^ l(j feet in extent. The arched ceilings are ^ jr about thirty feet high,suspended from which 1(j aro huge stalactites of various form and u color, from 0110 to ton foot long. Several j. large ones hanging from the centre of the -j "Paiace," with numerous small branches, ^ ltj present tho appearance of so many huge ; r chandaliers, retlecting the light of our torch- ^ >u os, and brilliantly illuminating tho gloomy w recess of this worlJ below. While admi ring these habitations of solitude, accord- ? ' i i o n ing to the secret arrangement, every light (j (l' was extinguished. The change of visions )0 so beautiful to darkness so profound almost ^ c startled my tenses with foar and dread. I -j . had oficn groped my way through woods s and fields in tho blackest nights, when eve- / ry light of hoaven seeing! extinguished, but ^ I not till now did I over fully realize tho |(T painful sublimity of perfect stillness and ,[j ' darkness. At liist there was not a motion ^ "rv 1 made or a word spuken; all seemed atton f, m uvi ;y listening to iiio silence of Nature. The *j doath-liko slumber that lor n time had s bound us was soon broken by a song of praise, in which nil joined with a real spirit _ and dovotion. As the sweet strains of muJ> sic were harmoniously rcllected from the j j, 7' dark arches and columns of this great ca- 1 R thedral of Nature, it seemed as it I never ,[[ before felt so impressively the majesty of! g Ij. tlio Creator of all this grandeur. Alter the j ,, music jad ceased one of our party tired a t| pistol several times, the report of which was 0 lV i deafening. As the sounds reverberated and 0 ||1 I echoed from room to room,'ill they died ? 0. j away in the distance, they seemed like the , a . moaning* of departed spirits. g |y 1 We now relit our torches, and proceeded ,, *t-; to ascend our diflicult and at lirues danger g ( , i ous way through the "Secret l'assage." tj I This pith has evidently Wen worn out by i J0 the water, which, in th0 rainy season, ren- sj |(| dcis it almost impossible to \isit the cave, j, r, ft is so low.in places, it is almost necessary to w i(j- stoop and almost c? iwl to avoid a collision |s with tho projecting looks above. Put the j j. ,L visitor is richly paid for aft his toil in as- H hj ' cending. as he is ushered into the presence p ( of tho rr<-phST\dont beauties of the VBridal . n . i Chamber." The utosl imaginative poet' ,s | never conceived or printed.a place of such j e, exquisite beauty and workmanship. This , J loom ? tho ciowtiing object of interest? \ w , j having been lately explored, luts escaped ? I the vandalism of man. and now reflects all ' t< A tho utiblcmisin I beauties of natme. It is p l nearly circul ir iti form, and is about eighty ! j feet in diameter. Some of the iuciuslations I ^ iv arc massive, while others are a* delicate as j, * the lily and frail as wax-woik. In coler , ^ they reflect every hue and expression; sollto w ( arc a> whitu as alabaster, while others are j g r clear and sparkling as the diamond. All a ' S1>?'II1|>.I Iriwli >i>.l 1" ? -ii'i iimii. iimcvii, ino iii?i?i 1 ij I bio A icliitcot has not vet finished tliis inm; ter-pieco of workmanship; tbo structure is S( still visibly going on before one's eyes. One i|. can see llio water striking dowu its tiny a ss eonrse, depositing carbonate of liipn to per- *, j. fact the delicate point of some immense n c> stalactites. I lie sides and arches are clothed in a drapery of dazzling beauty, rendering a i it indeed a tilting typo of a fairy bride. * 1 t^neen Cleopatra, in nil ber prido and beau- ? L-.I miiwyil never reclined in an apartment more agniticent than the "Bridal Chamber" of lie cave. f . . * ' ImmediaUjIy above, and id thd back 6\ lis grand apartment, and connected will/ by n short passage, it another room, enll1 tho "Orgnii Chamber.* It appropriate. ? lakes its name from the artongeirient of IC stalactite as a musical rfcale, OpoO which ay be produced notes resembling the rnfcc of an organ; the large pandarfts cofr?W\*. ending fo the low bass wires, while tbd nailer ones will produce all the different ites of the higher keys. The .varioes lartments are so arranged that this is (he st room to bo visited which la worth Do-; ring. The closing scene is exceedingly ipropriate. After feasting the eydupodie splendor of walls, niehes, columns, atld indants, ornamented by an infinite Artist* ' * < id having filled the mind with thtf pain' I sublimity of eilefico and darkness, Doling could produce upon the senses M rcatcr thrill of pleasure then to listen id' ' ^ 10 sweet music of nature echoing and radioing through these hails of solitude; Reluctantly leaving this great organ, still mnding the praise of Hire **wbo doelli alt lings well," wo retraced our faltering steps the ''llridal Chamber," to take a last linsiinglook of its grandeur, dressed in rt louiaiul lovely forms. From b?ra we rapIIv wound our tortuous way up to the iciiing on the top of the hill, near which 10 cave was discovered. The cave, in all ? aisles and apartments, is nearly a mile' i length. Curiosities of Sleep. Tn Turkey, if a person falls asleep in the oighborhood of a poppy field, and the' itid blows over towards him, be becomes radually narcotized, aud would die if the >untrv people, who are well acquainted itli tho circumstnni?A <>?rl ? _ uv? viiuj^ mill > ilio nest well or stream, and empty 'teller after pitcber of water on bis face ml body. Dr. Appenheiro, daring his 'sidenco in Turkey, owed bis'life to this mplo and efticacioua treatment. Dr. rnves, from whom tbis anecdote is quoted, Uo reports tbe case of a gentleman thirty ears of age, wbo, from long continued eepinesa, was reduced to a complete Hring celeton, unable to stand on bis legs. It as partly owing to disease, but chiefly to io abuso of mercury and opium; until at ist, unable to pursue bis business, be ssnk ito abject porerly and woe. Dr. Reid tentions a friend of bis, wbo, wbenerer nything occurred to distress him, soon besine drowsy and fell asleep. A fellow stuent nlso at Edinburg, upon bearing sudenly the unexpected death of a near relave, threw himself in bis bed and almost istantaneoualy, amid tbe glare of noon-day/ ink into a profound slumber. Another erson reading to one of bis dearest friend* retched on bis death bed, fell fast asleep, and nth tho book still in bis band be went on sading, utterly unconscious of what be wasr oing. A woman at liainadtslept serenteerf r cightcnn hours a day for fifteen years, mother is recorded to bare slept once >urd:tys. Dr. Mscnish mentions a woman ' ? rbo spent three fourths of ber life in sleep, till Dr. Klliottson quotes a caso of a young idy w bo slept for six weeks and recovered; ho venerable St. Augustiue of Hippo proently divided bis hours into three parts, ight to bo devoted to sleep, eight to reciitiotis and eight to converse willt tbe 'orld. Maniacs aro reported, particularly 1 tho eastern hemisphere, to become fortuity vigilant during the full of tbe moon, lore especially whon tbe deteriorating rays f!. 1 ? w i 11.3 jKJianzeu ngtu are permitted to fall into :?eir apartment, hence the name lunatic*, here certainly is greater proneness to disuse during sleep than in the waking stale, it those who puss the night in the Catnagno du Koma inevitably became infected 'itl? its noxious air; while travellers, whcf 0 through without stopping, escape the vinstn*. Intense cold produces sleep, and toso who perish in the enow, sleep on till ley bleep the sleep of death. Louis Napolkox-os tiir United States. -In a work once written by Louis Napo;on, before his accession to power, he said, 1 a chapter "On Governments in Gener\r "I speak it with regret, lean see but two overntnenls at this day which fulfil the tibsion that Providence has confided to ?em; they are the two colossi at the end f the world; one at the extremity of the Id world, the other at the extremity of the ew. Whilst our old European centre is ? a volcano, consuming itself in its crater, :e two nations of the East and the West larch, without hesitation, towards perfee on, the one under the will of a single inividual, the other under liberty. "Providence has confided to the Unites tales of North America the ta*k of peoling and civilising that immense territory Iticti stretches from the Atlantic to the mill Sm, and from the North Pole tr? the zonular- Th.-> --?? ?? - ? ...v, vuiuiufiitmi wnitn is only simple administration, ha? only hitherto een called upon to put in practice lite old dage, /jaissrz /aire, laisun passer, in order ) form that irresistible instinct which pind?* the people of America to the West." The only other government in the world Inch to the writer's opinion fulfilled its lission, was Uu*m?, lo the imperial dynasy of which, he said, whs owing all the vast rogmM which, in a century and a half, hs re?cued thai empire from barbarism, uch were iho opinions which I/mis N vp<?. jon I eld of tho United Stales and Russia efurft ho attained his present position. It rutild bo an instructive lesson to have auorer chapter "on Governments in General," ltd the United Stntes and Rnwiin in parcular, from the Emperor of France.. [/thVAmond Dispatch. Sor.je graceless scamp says: "It it woman, nd tiol Iter wrongs, tltHl should i?e rrdr?wa> dl" That fellow ought to sutler tho lorrent of being iti-ttcd o il to tea. Nothing ?s more favorable to lews than little discord?as the frost makes tha raper tender and ?iclosr< "