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AND li.IiE NEWS D .HERALD_ ESTABLISHED 1844 WINNSBORO, S. C., JUN h, 1921. FAIRFIELD COUNTY REPORTED BY GREENBRIER. Mr. S. F. Castles has gone to Hot Springs. We wish him a speedy re covery. Mr. Leslie Lyles and family were recent visitors in Mcnticello. Miss Janie Castles was a recent visitor in this community. Mr. and Mrs. Hoyt Castles have spent most of the week at the bed side of Mr. W. P. Blair. We regret that Mr. Blair is ill again. Mrs. C. L. Smith and Miss lone Snith spent Saturday in town. Quite a number from this commun ity attended the Mt. Zion commence ment. MITFORD. Mr. Boyce Nichols motored to Chester on last Saturday. Mr. and Mrs. Walter Scott and lit tle son, Walter, Jr., of Great Falls, spent Sunday with Mrs. Scott's mother, Mrs. Katie Jackson. Mr. Edward Ligon, of Columbia, spent the week-end at home. Mr. Will Agnew and family spent Sunday at the home of Mr. W. T. Raines. Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Nichols and little son, Johnnie, spent Thursday with Mr. J. A. Nichols. Miss Julia Nichols motored to Chester one day last week. Mr. Clyde Jackson, of Nitorlee, spent One day last week at home. Mr. Quay Hollis and family spent Sunday with Mrs. Eunice Brown. BETREL. The educational campaign for the Christian colleges is meeting with a greaterdR of success than some #taaratb-sg wusid WbergvMe tee has'bn a diligent canvass for the church colleges there has been a somewhat generous response. We are glad to announce another college graduate in our community. Miss Lillian Leitner comes back from Columbia College with her, degree of Bachelor of Arts. We covet for all the youth such asniration. It will be well when all high school students will not be satisfied with anything short of a college degree This county ranks very high with other counties in the number of those who have been to college. A goodly number of the Bethel people attended church at Cedar Creek Sunday. They report one a the best Sunday school days ever he1 I in the community. There were fo ir Sunday school superintendents and snmany other leaders in Sunday school work in attendance. Mrs. Eula Mann had some of her friends from the neighborhood and a few from Columbia to tea with her on Saturday evening. Miss Rebecca Robinson, Misses Helen and Marguerite Robinson Miss Sarah Brooks, Miss Lillian Leitner nd Miss Nancy Sharp are at home fnteir summer vacation. Miss Nannie Lou Beckham and Mr. Cl aries Henry Leitner have been chsen by the League to attend the summer conference for Epworth leaguers at Lander College, Green wood. They will1 go up on next Mon day. Mrs. H. G. Hardin, of Charlotte, N. C., is with her sister, Mrs. Sharp, for a few days. She and Master Henry Grady, Jr., and little Miss Nan Walker came last Saturday. Miss Clowney is spending a few .days with the Robinson girls. An important change has been iade in our mail route. Mr. Bray -now goes up to Mann's store. We are grateful and delighted with the mnprovemenlt. The lumber business is looming up lage here nlow. Large trucks pass tr ugh our village both day and i t hauling to Bookmanl. Fan.ers are busy cutting grain a wohing up their crops. Tractors an I binders are humming. bout the strangest coincidence we 'e seen lately was Sunday when yers T. C. Camak, G. R. and B. 2. etLham were seen riding on tbhe s <h seat. Strange things will hap pen sometimes and accidents will 1-i pen in the best regulated famihie3. NEWS AS CORRESPONDENTS Ulit this was funny to say the least of it. We were glad to have Mr. "Bob" Beckhamto worship with us Sunday. JENKINSViLLE. Our neighborhood has taken on new life with the return from college of so many of the boys and girls. It is quite a pleasure to have them at home again. Misses Elizabeth Glenn, Alyse and Bessie Yarborough arrived last week from Limestone College, and Messrs Clyde Douglass and Vivian Glenn have returned from Wofford College. Mrs. C. B. Douglass, Jr., is at tending commencement at Wofford College, where her son, Merritt, is a member of the graduating class. Messrs John and Robert Curry, of Greenville, spent the past week-end at the home of Mr. B. H. Yarbor ough. Mr. Henry Parr, of Newberry, was the guest of Mr. B. H. Yarborough on Saturday and Sunday. Miss Mary Wheatley is visiting her sister, Mrs. D. G. Yarborough. Mrs. B. H. Yarborough is visiting her sister, Mrs. J. B. Hughey, in Gaffney. Messrs J. S. Swygert and D. G. Yarborough spent last Wednesday in Columbia. Mrs. Tom Smoak, of Branchville, was a recent visitor in the neigh borhood. Mr. and Mrs. John Swittenberg, of Newberry, attended the funeral of Mrs. Swittenberg's uncle, Mr. Cur ry,* on Saturday. GREENBRIER. Mr. and Mrs. H. H. Castles spent Monday in Winasboro with Mrad Mrs,' W.'P. Blair. Mr. T. W Ruff,- of Great Fi Ic spent Sunday with Mr. W. M. Est s and family. Master William Estes is spending a while vith Mr. and Mrs. T. W. Ruff in Great Falls. Miss Annie Bess Ruff, of Monti cello, is visiting Miss Helen Lyles. Little Miss Helen Owens, of Co lumbia is visiting Little Miss'Nannie Bell Castles. Miss Helen Lyles is at home, af ter spending two weeks in Monti cello. Miss Isabelle Hunter. of Columbia, is visiting Miss Catherine Estes. Mr. and Mrs. James Castles spent Friday in Columbia. Mrs. Scott, of Columbia, returned home on Friday, after spending a few days with her brother, Mr. W. M. Estes.I Misses Erine, Rebecca, Helen Lyles, Annie Bess Ruff, Nannie Bell Castles. Helen Owens and Mrs. J. D. Lyles, Jr., spent Tuesday morning in Winnsboro. Mr. and Mrs. D. V. Walker and Mr and Mrs. D. V. Walker, Jr., were visif>rs in our community Sunday evenig. Mr. W. M. Estes, Catherine and William spent Friday in Columbia. WHITE OAK. Dr. David Kennedy. who recently graduated from the Medical College of Philadelphia, is a visitor in White Dr. G. B. White and his son, Mr. M. H. White, of Chester, spent the week-end with Mr. T. G. Patrick. Mr. Joe Matthews, of Charlotte, spent the week-end with his children here. Mrs. W. W. Parkinson is attending the Home Demonstration Course in Winthrop this week. Mr. John C. Wilson, Jr., is getting along nicely after his accident and has returned to Winnsboro. The- Asociate Reformed Presbyte rian Church has preaching services here every Sunday now. On the first and third Sundays of each month. Sunday School at 3:30 p. m. and preaching at 4:30 p. m. On the sec ond, fourth Sundays, Sunday school at 10:30 a. m. and preaching at 11:15 a m. The public is cordially invited to all services. (Continued on page three.) NEWS FROM THE WINNSBORO MILLS On last Friday and Saturday we practically completed the top-soiling of the streets This work was done by the employees of the mill and at a very much lower cost than it could have been done by contract. The men who worked did so with a feeling of interest and pride. For in :n especial sense we were getting paid for doing something that was to be a permanent benefit to ourselves. Not only so, but we took an especial pride in having a hand in making our own village beautiful. These men are due a spoken vote of thanks, not so much for the work they did, for they received pay for that, but for the splendid spirit manifested' throughout the work. Spirit such as they demonstrated never can re ceive its just recompense in money. This fine spirit, however, is an in dex of the way our people have faced the hard times through which we have passed. There is a unity of effort, of thought, faith and of spirit that has kept one from complaining. Of course we have talked about hard times and we have not refused 0 look the issues squarely in the face Yet it has always been done with p; heroic faith that out of all the issu!s good times were coming. This veIy thinking has made what might been a bad time a very pleasant For happiness has not ceased to vail in our community. A sta faith always frightens fear a Mr. and Mrs. Geo. C. Gibson as their guest Mrs. Gibson's Miss Pearl Cook, who has returned from Paris, France, for the past three yeirs she in Red Cross'work, While in Miss Cook made a study of and political conditions (in World. She visited E ny while she was abroad, and was ih close touch with conditions in Austro Hungary, Russia, Turkey and the Mittle.Eurooa territory. She tells some thrilling first-hand stories about European conditions. Mr. R. E. Barnwell and Mr. 1. U. Kauffman, of the Atlanta office of Lockwood, Green, & Co.. Engineers, were in our village Monday on busi ness. Mr. Amos Johnstone, who has been in scho, & the University of Ge.or gia, arrived in Winnsboro Wednesday morning for the summer vacation. Mr. Tom Sentell went to Rock Hill Wednesday morning to attend the State convention of the S-mth Carolina Sunday School Associatinn at Winthrop College, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday. Miss Maud Hawthrrrne, who taught this year in the village school, left Tuesday morning for Rock Hill, where she will spend several weeks before going to ,her home in Abbe ville. She will renresent the Mill church also at the Sunday School Association being held this week in Rock Hill. Rev. Geo. C. Gibson attended the Sunday School Association conven tion in Rock Hill Thusday. The ball game last Saturday on the local diamond was presented to- Ches.. ter, 6-5. Chester scored four runs in the first inning without a hit. Not a ball was hit out of the infield in this inning. Enloe pitched a mas terly game for the local team and with a little better support should have won easily. A rally in the ninth 'netted the local team three runs but fell short the run to tie on account of bad base running. Mrs. T. R. Finley and two children Eliabeth and Gibson, of Montgomnery, Ala., are on an extended visit to Ms. Finleys brother, Mr. C. E. Reese, and family. Mr. and Mrs. H. 0. Reese, of St. Petersburg, Fla., are on a visit to nir son, Mr. C. E. Bleese, and fam. The 'village school held its closing eercises In the hall Monday evening. A splendid program was rendered. In th program as rendered there was ample evidence of the wonderful work of the teachers and also of the interest and faithfulness of the chil.. dren. The year's work has been ex 4iMNCMENT AT MOUNT ZIO3 e Commencement exercises o t82ion Institute were held in thi Co*unity House on Friday eveninj Ju~vsrd. The graduating class con wa ..of twelve young people-fou b~ d eight girls: Jessie Doug lasO' Margaret Ketchin, Lizzi Car1e, Merrill Turner, Louise Ham iltn, Katherine Turner, Frances Nei andRebekah Mcfie; Joe Elliott Bo JeAings, Cornwell Jennings an Jack Lemmon. Rev. G. Croft Wil rams, of C-lumbia, Secretary of th State Board of Charities and Correc tion >.nade the annual address befor .the. -!ass. Mr. Williams, a man c strong personality andi origins i'deaf was at his best. His addres nOaost helpful and instructive. T1 metc, furnished by the whole scho< in'.rious grade formations, was e, pec y fine. It was real music, at the children showed thorough tran ig. The "Week Song" by seve little girls of the first and secor grades pleased the audience immens ly, se did "Violets," sung by selec ed voices from the high school, aR the selections by the graduatir -class. Perhaps the most ambitioi number was a lullaby' sung by ti high school chorus, which was w( reidered and highly appreciated I the audience. All in all the occasion was a no able one. Twelve young PeOPle f ishing their high school course is real event in any community. The following pupils made t 'ho r roll at Mt. Zion Institu .= 0..1921. Those highly disti made a general average I of between 95 and 100; tho ,an average of b6twe The attendance' han - the. g*es of 'all ch ere pelther absent n ng the session.'Where a on both rolls the fact is not star'before name on attenan iit Grade Highly distinguishe 9500-Mary Long, Jamie Bri< Thelma Sitton; E- Rion, Jack Prow M.- gjParks. Distinguished-Car line Arnett Prentiss Baker. TalII Cen, Billy Courtney. Luther Gla den, amps Jackson, Ned McDona and rady Turner. Grade, Highly distinguished dLij7if Elliott and Daisv Hood. Di guished-Wilhelmina Aiken. 7eln Brice. Estelle Dawsy, Moselle Dai sey. Ella Johnson Margaret Macf Nell McMeekin and Thomas Lemmo ret Macfie and Lamar Utsey. 3rd GrsAe. T-ThAly distinguished. None. Distinguished -Corin, Cat cart Lonii Christmas. Nell Dou 1ss To~mmie Elliott. Norwood O)be: Ruth Torner and Frances Wilk' 4th (Grade Highly distinguishe4 .eannette Phillins. Distinguished Gordon Qruattlebaum. 5th Grade, Highly distinguished Daisy Belle. Ella Cathcart. Ire Hood Sp'ah Law 1Kennerly, Elizahe Obear. Elizabeth Phillins and Jo' Bennett. Distinguished- Maui Douglass. Ruth .Terninos, Mari Johnson. Mary Jan. Macfie. Ru Robinson end Thm Ketchin. Atten ance-*Daisv Belle. *John Benne *Tom (etchin. 6th Grade. Higly distinguished Lucy McDonald and Mary Johnsc Robert Richardson, Elizabeth Je nings. Annie McMaster, Sarah Geti Carrie Mayes. Gussie Wilkes a Andrew Bennett. Attendance-*Mv ry Johnson. *Leonorah Jennini *Elbeh Jennings, Margaret I liott and *Annie McMaster. 7th grade, Highly distinguished Wallace Johnson, McMaster Ketch Spencer Elliott, Merrit Quattlebat and Floride Douglas. Distinguish -Margaret Dunlap, Joe Owens a Alma Ray. Atandnce-GetY Rion and *Merrit Quattlebaum. 8th grade, Highly distinguished Irene Richardson, Jennie .Bomar a Marjorie Wyndham. 9th Grade, Distinguished-B4 Turner. Attendance-Pauline Bril 10th Grade, Highly distinguished Elma Steele and Philo Caldwell.. I tendance-Annie Lee Younge. 11th Grade, Highly distinguished Jessie Douglass. Distinguishi Margret Ketchin* ISTORY OF FAIRFI ... .WRITTEN BY. (Through the further kindness of Mrs. T. H. Ketchin, we are reprint ing an address by Dr. Jas. H. Car lisle, written in 1880 and printed in The State on Jan. 24, 1907.) The defeat of Braddock (July 9, 1755) has a special interest for us who live in South Car-lina. That disastrous offair left the English colonies in the North exposed to the savages generally and led to a gen e eral rapid movement southward. The tide rolled on down the eastern valley e of the Blue Ridge. Some, tempted by I the inviting lands of Virgipia, stop ' ped for a while, or permanently, on Is the banks of her noble rivers, driving e horses, cows and hogs with them. )l Thus disaster and defeat lead in the . wise arrangements of Providence to d growth and expansion elsewhere. turning th. stream of population and n history into new channels. d In 1760 the Cherokees received a check and were forced to yield their rich lands, which now form some of the finest counties in the upper por tion of our State. There were a few s settlers in this part of our State be e fore this, Lyles having come pbout 1745. But after the event alluded to y above, the settlements rauidly in creased. The government offered in ducements to quicken immigration, giving, each head of a family 100 a acres and 50 acres to each child. This was the border ground between the Cherokees and Catawbas, and along le this dividing line, almost precisely on te the railroad track, was the trail or nath which led to the Congaree be. >r low Col. Pears gives 1745 as the first an settlement within the limits of thb >r district, John and Ephriam Lyle a. from prunswick, Va at tbi. time rs1e4tl t tie iouth of ver ceel a I on Broad river. About the same time d Richard Kirkland, grandfather of e Reuben Harrison, settled on the OP nosite side of the district, at or nea Peay's ferry. e, Other names given by Pearsol ar Thoma s Woodward. lihard Win James Kncaid. John Pearson, Is~sa Gibson. John Winn, John Gray, Ben d jamin May, William Strother, Johr Id Buchanan, William MeMorris, Johr Cook, Capt. Boler. Capt. Watson and Edward Martin. The Catwbas appear to have been a Canadian tribe. Retiring before a strange tribe, about 1650, they - south until they reached upper Caro elina. where the Cherokees disputed -itheir march. The tradition is that they fought a terrible bate on the _banks of the Catawba, which was ended only by night. Next mornine propositions of peace were made b~ .the Catwvbas and accepted by thei rfoes. The Cata#,as were to occupy _the eastern bank, while the Cherokees - ver,. to hvell on the western bank, including this pine ridge between' th' rivers. whie" now constitutes York, Chester and Fairfield. Later the hBroad river was the line,.as its Ind'an n name is said to mean dividine' line, eThe Catawbas have a sad history, nThey were always faithful to the h whites. Their last degraded renre. sentatives lingering in Lancastei should draw forth from the whites only sentiments of kindness and pity, _These strange and ill..fated peopl4 have given rise to a great deal o0 .noetry and sentiment, but very little .history. They have left few relics i1 this immediate vicinity, no mound perhaps nearer than Camden,-no wel marked burying ground. In our boy, -hood a few of the Catawbas used te pass through this village on thein - way to Columbia with their bows an in arrows and pottery for sale. Th~ m generationi now growing up will be d stangeers to the red man, it now be gd ng easy to find grown persons whi y have never seen an Indian. When w come from men to animals, it 12 - startling for a moment to think thai nd buffaloes, elks, bears, panthers wolves and beavers abounded, wher th now a deer, or even a wild turkey, i .ean unusual sight. We give a fey - items collected by Dr. Logan for hi .t.. history. In 1760 a Mr. Graves crossed th - Wateree at Green's Ford, and seein d: jthe tracks of buffaloes, told Reube ELD COUNTY A FORER CITEN killed three fat buffaloes. The meat was stolen by the wolves during the night, but the loss was easily supplied next day. A venerable old citizen, Busby, who lived to the age of 110. related that he had often seen at one, 3.000 buffaoes on the meadows of Little River. The last elk in all this region was killed by Robert New. ton near Winn's bridge in the western part of the county. The antlers were I sent to England as a curiosity. -Bea. ver creek in the western part of the county, one of the earliest settle ments , took its name from the bea. vers which abounded in its waters. Some of these animals may be look. ed back upon with regret by the ac. tive sportsman of today, but when we read of a rattlesnake killed many years ago in the Means neighborhood which had just swallowed a fawn, this may lessen our sorrow for tfe disappearance of some of our "oldest inhabitants." Old Jesse Gladden, grandfather of the late Gen. Gladden, who lived on the Wateree not far from Mount Moriah church, has been heard to say, pointing to a valley on his plantation: "In my boyhood I often saw large herds of wild horses running along that valley in a wild .stampede, and so great here the numbers that the groand on which our cabin stood shook under their tread." And while speaking of ani mals more or less dangerous we must not forget the witches. Philip Ed ward Pearson, writing in 1834, says: "In 1792 witches abounded in Fair. field. A court of witch doct6rswas held at the house of Thoms Hill, five miles below Winnsboro. Four persons were tried and punished by stripes and burning their feet at the bark .fire so that the sisterhood in the'ado th officers of this court, a poor old Ger man woman, 70 yea/s of age, going to the place of trial, and afterwards to have seen the scars of the cowskin on her arms and shoulders. The Witch's Oak. Some now 'nreqsnt may remember an old oak near the southwest corner of the courthouse, called the Liberty tree. Tradition says that witches were whipped, perhaps burned, at this spot. The eulogy on the land around here by Lord Cornwallis is well known. Speaking to Walter Robert son, he is reported as saying: "I can conceive of no finer regioTy, taking into consideration its fertil soil, mild climate, its long drawn beautiful valleys and glorious high. lands." And, no doubt, these grand old hills, when in their native dres, did present an appearance which we, who look - them now in their bar. renness, not conceive. Much of the uplana -n of this portion of the State, was wnen covered with luxuri-. ant wild vines and canes as high as a man's head on the ordinary ground. On some places the canes rose from 20 to 30 feet in height. But we turn from nature and ani-. mnals to the men who subdued the one and exterminated the other. The set. tiers of that day were chiefly from Great Britain. Dutchman's Creek bears witness to a small element from the continent. Here, as elsewhere, the names of the streams and settle. ments hav, in them instructive his. tory, as for instance, Beaver Creek, Horse Branch, Fox Creek, Hemppatch Ceek, Wolfpit Church, Alligator Creek, Old Cow Pen.. In the upper part of our county is a Dumper's Creek. I have spent many happy hours on its banks when a boy, but could never find the origin of the name, whether a famnily name or a corruption of Dumper's Creek. If this is the origin, it may join with Sauney's Creek in the lower part o( the county, in bearing witness to the Scotch element in the colony. The English, Scotch, Irish and Welsh, in some cases, came directly from Great Britain, induced by letters r sent back with glowing accounts of Sthis new country. In other cases they came by the way of PennsyL vania or Virginia. The names; York, SChester, Lancaster, which they re (Continued on second page)