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F PAGE FOUR . uJljp Palntrl PUBLISHED ; , ' ~ ' tJlOAmmbly BUM ? (jLU, 11. 1IAMP1 filtered at the Post Office at Columbia Act of Congress. ' SLBSCRI One Year $2.00 Six Months L26 FOREIGN ADVER W. U. Z IFF CO., 608 Deartx official Advertisements at the rate all< ' the Leader, will publish brief and rati terest when they are accompanied J thors and are not of a defamatory will not be twticed. Rejected mam REM ITT Checks, Drafts and Postal or Express ' to tEe order of the Palmetto Leaue is. J FREDERICK r---ri. BAUMGAR&NER conrmunications inienued for the currei . reach the editorial desk of the Pa afeaeh week. City news, locals, p uay night. ' I , ?Business and Edit 1 'l 1 - - - COLUMBIA, S. CV SATURD ' ' ' RATIJFF 1 dom when at the recent meeting Rat 11(1' wa.-i elected?to the?por.it Knight of that grand order over ; , It is a hard enough matter for or State gatherings so it may easily the task one takes upon oneself National importance. Ratliff's victory was scored un . for there wpro hut few of his fel to lend their aid in suppoTTpf h to form the necessary contacts a rmtfHHrmher of men to beat men their respective states supporting ter strategist. Since Elkdom in the aggregate appears to us that that South Cai power to see to it that his tenure al Knight shall"be .productive of t the holder of that station. Coli of Ratliff to the list of those whi tivities in climes distant from th Capital City take pride in the ac the Tennis court. Justly does sh comes that O Frank Hart has re< fraternal ieouneils of the World, the elevation of Ratliff in the In . I ive Order of Elks of the World City. THE PALMETTO LEA Grand Esteemed Loyal Knight fo O RELATIVE N It would seem That'the mere 1> tnoh should cease to have great \ practice become* but in our_afte .find displayed in bold type on" --? -GEORGIA MOIL-LYNCHES N [ Associated Press"dispatch from I J of machine guns mountedTit the ??-forced-its-way- into the Melntosl George Grant, 40 year old Negro j wounding three other persons in are told further that the meh d Roy Neal, Commanding officer o tional guard; andjthat they heh at bay with shot gunsr crashed Grant in his cell. We, in Colum the attitude of the Georgia Na " mob t,o tlo its dirt in the face of part of this same Georgia Nation eel Mabry Hughes in the United|S . cago. In the same issue of this paper tively inconspicuous head line: Death." The news article tells us old white man shot and killed En gr.o.- The white hoy's father is r the claim that his son was intir whom he shot, and this intimacy p crime. If papers must use screar that this latter case would have ft Suppose that instead of the lyn< , - - line had read: "WHITE MAN i GRO'S WIFE. This would not b< happen- often but .it is not so of suming to discuss either of these simply calling attention to the pi ^__in playing up lynchings to the exc news value.?It is no boon ?to the argument to suggest that a whil man's companionship so desirable in cold bipod to ^et Kim out of th great-a degree in clearing up the many mullatoes in the land. Occ? "ify come iiTfo The Itgtit; -? a ' . " ' . "WHY NEGROE Because we think that-such exi fijded as widely as possible we are Rev Sam R. Wallace, pastor ofT? lumbia. The following is a lette day, September 6 and speaks for "To the Editor of The State:" ?A striking illustration of on< have been and are still leavinj news item from Georgetown in for the further information o ?u" who-ftesire to Inn-Ugnrate ti n??i 'M iss Elizabeth Pope, 17, daui Pope of this city, is in a eriti hospital as the result of injur , she was riding ran headlong i * ? Street here yesterday afterno< "According to eyewitnesses I J on an artillery mount^ dropped 1 - riniAw 7 ? -? ;to : : WEEKUY ti-Columhia. it, C, ?.... _ i ON, l>ubli?her ' 7 S. C., as sc'oona-ciaaa matter l>y an? PTIONS ' Three Months :To Single .Copy ?. %.06 VISING AGENCY I, irn St., Chicago, 111. awed by law. . v . , onal letters on subjets ot' general inay the names and addresses of the au-j nature. Anonymous communications uscripts-will not be returned. ANCES \ - ' - I Monev Orders should be made payable; r" . ^ =-4 Editor , Acting Editor ^ it issue must" be very brieIrana stcou1d:~ Inietto Leaner not later than Tuesday, ersonals and social news, by Wednes-, "7": ' . . i orial Phone 4523 ; AY, SEPTEMBER 13, 1930. ( _: T7. . r HONORED. r of the Elks at Detroit, G._ Lee . ion of._ Grand Estpemed Loval , an impressive field of candidates^ le to achieve success in local and . be imagined how gargantuan is j when he aspires to an office of ider very unusual, circumstances, is candidacy-^?That?he was.jahle__ nd win the confidence of a suffiout who had large numbers from " g them stamps "Rat" as a mras=?1 ! has placed its o. k. on,"Rat" ifr t *olina-should do all that is in her 5 firanri Estppmpjl T .oy- i he bestresiffts-ever achieved by imhia mitrVit u/pll nrlrt thp nflmp 1 ) bring credit to,her by their ac- c eir home state. Justly does the 1 hievements of Wilmer Hines on v e beam with joy when the news " reived another high honor in the Justly should she realize that iproved Benevolent and Protecti< pvrollent advertising for our DER greets the newly elected r Columbia and South Carolina. o ' . ."U-?. ? fEWS VALUE rnching of a" Negre-by-a Georgia7" rnooV^per of September 8, we the front page the headline: EGRO.^ The news article, an j. Jarien, Ga., begins: "In the face "Greets,an armed band of men -: accused of killing one officers and an early morning battle." We lisregarded the pleas of Colonel a f the Savannah unit of the, Na- ^ 1 county officers outside the jail * into the building and lynched c{ ibia are well able to understand ? tional guard in permitting the rt mounted machine guns. It was t al guard that very nearly lynch- a tates Past Qflftcfe here some weeks v' . . . [ j ii / ' . t we find on page three the rela- is "Farm Hand Held In Negro's "} that William Holley, a 23 year igene Cannon, a 36 year old _Ne.-_._a eported as having substantiated p nate with the wife of the man f >rovides a possible motive for the ? ning head lines it appears to us, J lrnished excellent news material. Q ^hing headline the paper's head SHOOTS NEGRO ABOUT _NE- ? b a hackneved headline. It may A 'ten heard of. We are not pre-i eases as~tcr their merit, we are actices of our daily newspapers h ilusion of the matters of greater f > white man's White Supremacy * :e man should find a Negro wo- w that he should kill her husband ci le way. These-cases help to too ? question as to <why there are so ? isionally after dark social equaj- ^ '-7-' . 11 . ,?' ' , tl 1 W S GO NORTH." . . tl imples of cpuratre should he her- s giving this editorial over to the 1 idney f"ark (\ M. E. Church, Co* * r published in The State Satur-^ itself: " '? - s -ii 3 of the reasons why Negroes I 0 [7 tVlP milltVl la ffillfa inort ir> a Friday's State, apd 1 quote it g f treed' thinking white people p ghter of Mr. and Mrs. S. M. ? j cal condition in the Florence ; s ies sustained when the horse a into a hearse.AnJrtighmarket k 5n r-----? ?-? Miss Pope, taking a short ride i ^ the reins on the animal's neck. b it ^Miiin * "X ' ; THE PALMETTO The horse broke into a full run driven by T. J. Miles, manager tabllshmenC The Negro cut hi; the road but hbugfforts were in ed in the County Jail pending jr J. Miles is one' of ffRrJfnt south Carolina, cultured, refine South that is evidenced by his g er than going North where so n and are still going His fathrei presiding elders" of the A. M. E relied upon to give the proper a< aged people. And now he, his si face the fact that a Ne*?ro mus an investigation, if a white lad: able, and runs into an auto dri this is the-rule and not the exec "This double standard of ju?G part of our complaints. And th groes by policemen with no su nothing being done about it, t ^niirro of complaint- Wp are li ?pie,-and. let no man delude hir -^ worthless Negro is going N-or| o>vner of the Good Samaritan m and public spirited women of 01 to Chicago. ' * __ Our Church rolls are being del Christiarrmen, and this can be 1 "As a South Carolinian, bred voice, weak though It Jbe, in prot mat i\ wm be unsafe for a Negr against the wrongs perpetrated trains are still running North ~ open. Yours for justice Sam B fective sermons uttered by the toriftl-cuifO'er; and we-are doing o the number of persons who shall .? ' * 1 BETWEEN THE _ LINES , < "BY GORDON B. HANCOCK - \ iVar I* Declared. -Stack War! . " I; No Negro with serious turn of ( nind would minimize the "Black ; Shirt" movement with headquarters , n Atlanta. This organizafion has' jeen "under way for some time tjut it hose this time of economic depres^ ;ion as the strategic moment to de- j ; lare economic warfare against the' < owly Negro. Thousands of jobless < vhites are rallying to its standards j 1 md other thousands will rnllv Tho i irge ot hunger and privation among" he lowly whites quite prevalent in j ( his time of depression will go a long j 1 vay to guarantee the growth and ' lopularity,^ of the "Black Shirt", novement which haa for its object | ve the economic displacement of the ] legro. What is moj?*.. the "Black j ] >hirts" are concentrating on the I?te?Lj ;ro and this is its most dangerous j , mplication. The Ku Klux Klan made: ] he grave mistake of including Jews'] ,nd Catholics with Negroes in its 1 nogram of suppression and the fail-'/] ire of^ the Klan ?was due mostly to' , Shirts" are going to capitalize this ji nistake of the Klan and there' is L jound to be trouble for the black ] nan. Ecoonomic warfare is- the most ; uthless and brtrtal form of warfare I ind the Negro may as weH previse I if defense. If the Const it jion will be our bulwark let us flee- '! o it;.?if a high powered optimism,' uul unbounded complacency will' give I is the victory let us resort to dts, ! lusive delights; if a half-baked radialism with its appeal oftimes to the j igliting instincts of the "Black shirts" will be our., safeguard" let us ! urn to it at once; if we must appeal o the sense of fairness and justice ' nd.good will that some whites have . Iways manifested for the ?Iegrp in j iv; tnnIe ftton iTS xiru^*. t ? .. v..v*? *.t uo uw mat. *v nut he Negro race in this country needs- : I gome* kind of defense in thjs.-?co- ' omic warfare. We have been tryng through .this column for many 1 lonths to create a job-consciousness 1 nvong the Negroes by continually 1 reaching the "hold-your-job"_ gospel, ! ol 'we felt then and Teel now" that in f given emergency the Negro with a v ab-eonsciousness would have better 1 hances of survival even in the face J f a "Black Shirt" movement. i . Black Shirts Against Black Men? I lack war! . J ? - .. , r NATION GRO . _ - 71 A - language grows we are told * rom its under side-slang-ward if you b lease. According to philologists all a ang is a manifestation of a growth * t -a language When an eminent.1 riter was disparaging the Ameri- |v ans use of the English language, he li aid that Americans do not speak the nglish language, but an American ' slanguage." He was virtually ad- 1 litting that in America if anywhere n le 'English langhage is growing, for i' re are slangy to the nth degre. As - 1 'ith language so lyith the spirit of a I atioru_TT.i,bu1atioh's of peoples have M-ought mightily in the growth of c hose peoples spirits. The biggest < ouls in any nation are its sufferers. 1 'he"Jews today are the mightiest- < ouled people upon the face of the < arth. The Jews lare t|iis earth's f reatest sufferers. The result is, we .] prvp a T011/e fir*A ?? , w v uvno viuu, nx: airive vu enier ? ito a Jew'a Heaven and Jesus Christ j i ur Savior was a Jew. The material. a ide of a nation's life may grow on I J :s upper side but a people's spirit i t rows from the under side?the op- [ i reused and the prosecuted.The^Ne- j.] rrr jteethiTTot^thpTBfgrg^bg dismayed } i the, face of lynching, Klans and j Hack Shirts, in spite of them and in f pite of our own silly wishes for ease e nd luxury, tlhese crucial times are"\ rowing times for our spirit^ It may ^ ? here- ?r-Jt may Tie in st^meehhcmy, j at there is bound to be a fruition to t ur present tribulations that will ( less the world. As dark as is the f i, > UKAUER- ' and collided with the hearse of a Negro Undertaking ess machine over to the side of q vain. Miles is being detain- , o lvestigation.' Cl fypo oi'^yoiing Negroes~tn '"J d, iind uith a lov\alty~To tho j~[] omginto bustness here, eath H-i lany of his fellows have gone d r is one of the distinguished ^ . Church7fhat can always be rtvice to our restless, discouron and all the rest of us must J, t be detained in jail pending \ y's horse becomes unmanageven by a colored man. And tption.? dice is the burden of a large ten. there is the killing of Ne- ^ hat is another public prolific J psing many of oour best neo- ? nself that only the shiftless, 0 h. .JLiHran J. Rhodes, former ispital, one of the most active h jr race has sold out and gone deted of solids-hard working 1 Verified if need be. -7-??? -y and born, I can only fife my v est; and when the time comes o man in this state to protest . ^ against his.people, then the , , and the highways are still \ t it Tn ?m iu itn men. I. ; Wallace " . - t ie_above is among the most ef- ;i Rev. Wallace during his minis- > ur bit toward the increasing of -j benefit from it. t 1 " I ~ e' v outlook now, it is not darker than \ that which preceded the war that ,re- t suited in our emancipation. The -4j great danger to the Negroes today-is . t not in his oppressors" and their instruments of .oppression, the?great ^ danger is, the Negro mav lose thp faith that stood our^lave ancestors s in such good stead. Our today .may. 7 be Filled with tribulation and mourn- j ing, but our tomorrow with its sunlit horizon must surely, dawn. "There N is a divinity that shapes our ends, rough-hew them how we will." The spirit of a nation grows, on its under side; the Negro is this nation's under side. The Negro is growing! Hold ( your job. The efficient Negro endow- 11 ed with common sense Way rest as- j* sured that the sense of justice and 1 fairness has not died in the hearts of 0 all white people. Thp job-conscious- 11 Negro is the race's salvationo; the T i iiirw-aiiu-ur-Kitrrry rsegro is ttie raees's curse. AND SO FORTH. V Repurts have?rt?that?RelighTh in -?j Russia is "coming back." Dr. Mayo, ? famous surgeon, says that regilion C rra* a therapeutic-.effect in his most ? delicate operations. Green, the labor c leader in this country, says that the -x religious attitudes are the pressing c needs of. our labor emergency. Don't S bg- too quick" to call those fools who r at least profess religion. Religin is C Dur guess is that e>ren a poor 'brand jf religion is better than none at all. ? wold your job and hold your religion, X Mr. Negro. , S Lynching, like -the'"Weather, has fi Piaiy- things, said abqut _it but noth- X ng clone about it. Wh'at Mark Twain g said about the weather fits the lynch- g ng situation almost exactly. <0 It has been most interesting to ? tote how assiduously some Negroes C> tave tried to under-ratP our '"hold- ? /our-job" gospel. Although we have g lad encouragement from some of the g hggest minds of both races and tlje g Durham Conference' was largely tak>n -with the job-consciousness "we fS lave been trying to awaken, a few O Megroes motivated by hunches rather ^ han -b?- har?l i - > nave essayed | p ,o find fault with an exhortation that 0 las received nation-wide conimenda- o ion. One says that" what we need is not how to hold the job but how to make a J?h; anotheV says do not need to hold the job but get the job and so on. It seems that the most 'asual kind of thinking would con'ince a man that the only way to make jobs is to hold jobst for the job o be mad,e must be financed out of he jobs held. Moreover, getting the ob is based primarily upon holding obs. Every Negro who holds a job nust do so through efficiency; the eficiency of Negroes is bound to comnend other Negroes who through it vill get jobs. The main point has een to create a job-consciousness morig our working classes as this ras in the interest of our professionilso as well as the workers themseles. But-therehave been- a few wh<r ke minnows in salt water have mere' y nibbled at truth rather than swalow it like the -big intellectual fish>ave -done. ThesP little "intellectual ibblers!" They have no construct-? ve message themselves, th/e-y ?justive by a species' of intellectual nib >nng. II Many years ago Wf> had at Bene1 I lict College a young Lochinvar nam- II ?d noted for his debating and base- I >all prowess. He flirted the life out II >f the girls. He had only ten fin-II licl's team. We called him "BilT^t 1 ;ers broken while catching for Bene- I lones, but he is now popularly known I is William N. Jones, brilliant col-JI imrflS? of the Afro-American. Some I veeks ago "Bill,"?I beg pardon, Mr.|| fnnou- J""*** "11 ?vuus msue wun my thesis that I he Northern Negro imagined himself I adical was insisting on twisting the I ion'st tail while th? Southern Brother | >?a4 Was fastened in Iten'a. -? nountlT To his reply I would bnly,1 iay, "l)e gustibus no disputandum I !st," whatever that means. But we i I vant cleared up a little news item I ve have a hunch that he helped to I out oover in the Afro columns anent I he National Baptist Conyention of I Chicago. Said one account out of - I >0,000 delegate's that were expected, I ? /*v I, tkmi nly 3000 actually arrived." Said an-; ther account' that Dr. Williams was n B-elocted by only 1300 of the 1500 n ualified delegates. This is the best ? ne I have read since I saw an ac- j a uunt of a forest fire in the west. It 0 'as 3aid that o littlL. village with a 'I ppulation of only fifty was being' () Fneatened by'ffib fOOrPST Art1*? uridiTg-people were lcavtng~b^ thp-Jhun- a reds, Come on "Hill!" Heg pardon", 1 lr. Jones! i: 1 a 1 c POINTED ; i, , POINTS ; ! b George A. Singleton n ??????i " | O The Weekly text: He hath shewed o liee, O man, what is good; and what s oth the Lord require ol thee oui to l? o jpstly and to love mercy, and to talk huinblv with thy God. Micah:' _ :8.. : 'Tha-Wa?l< le-Thnt.: Nii-inan is worth * is salt who is not ready at all times ^ b risk hrs TfectyrtO risk his well-being ( a risk his life, in a great cause: heodore Roosevelt. , . jj According to Theodore Roosevelt ^ ery_ few; a precious few men. are ? .'orth their salt. Yet the precious -j? ew are theyr who find their lives -= y losing them. .Religious heroes-are never to be ound ^uinong" the priests but among ;l lie phophets for the priests always v fund elope to the throne. "These are times that try men's ouls." Tom Faine might have been ^ alking about 1930. Millions of men * re out of work and money is scarce. , To one seems to be" able to foretell he future. Howe'er it be this writer ^ lazards the opinion that in the long ' un all will be well. . What difference 1 vill it. hiake a hundred years hence? _ 'ery little, perhaps, but for the pool v oiling, struggling multitudes who. i ire caught in the drift of depression he situation is of much-moment. ,s It is pathetic to gaze upon a man vhu thinks himseli' lu lie more lliii.i ^ te really is??Stich an individual is i\ "a ocial monstrosity. Yet thffe is such 4 t thing as intellectual self-respect. C le who does not thing well of him- -4 elf need not expect others to think * veil of hiim i ?I4~is said by scientists that the hn 1 nan body changes every severr-yeai; ' 'hiscwriter- rises to ask how often . loes the human mind change? Some o lever change. A new idea would. s ive some men ? braiii vstorin.; Wil ^ iam Jejinings Bryan was an adult in ratory and politics buf~iin imbeciler-^ l religion. In the presence of mod ... T.vrrr<rtriTT.n ine seieninu1?approat !i f religion he was as helpless as 'a welve-year old boy. .'<t?ooo.ooooo.o:oooooooooaoo^ooo.c ;AN NO UNCI N afHE-TfflRT of State C September Treshmeft and all oth< port September 22 fo est enrollment regist ~ STATE--Birrtdi^*M^*?lhRoTtri manhood through Athletics and Best A Fully Accreditee cation is Vitalized ment. Catalogue on Requi ^R. S. WILKINSC Or? ooooooooooooooooooooooooaox ALLEN UN The People wm l : _ i ( ?? in uc^ui uer i ? ?Septemb* Registre C - A- 1^. September Organized as follows; 1. College of Arts and Sciences wh B, S, Degrees. 2. Junior CoJlege of Education co / Department. ' r 3. The School of Music, comprising train iptgT ' ~~ 4. Standard Four-Year Hieh School 6. A Theological School "with ecu: Th degr^s. T 6. Students' in Teacher Training5 De \ ? (Education in the college will ha and securing pvactice under, tl School official, beginning the yea perintendents of Schools of Colu 7. The Science courses wil| be-offe I . v through- the "exchange professor 8. The Department of .Educttioh \ Tor-benefit.of-puhlir school teach wOTtc tow; rdj a" degree, jpt ere a standard -high "school or Nori 9. Allen will receive a new rating c 10. Vocational: Printing, Home Econ v. -? For further information President D. H. S Registra: y-v - r * s* " ' . : . . 'V..? v y t.u~ ' ' ' " f. ' ? 1 ' ' ? . Saturday, Septembef^tfl, 1930, St. Paul was able to change his lind. He said, "When I became a nan. I put irway childless things, low- inany myri?can do the Pauline ct? As a rule men think in ever/ ther area of fife except religion 4wy go thru life with chiIdhopd iin ressation^.. A one Hundred I\Ity IVlIU1 lliimesiii; t this writing. Is wreakiug^Ea-vuc _ with Santo Domingo. Hurricanes ke like floods, earthquakes, famines, nd Tfiseases care?nothing for raeer olor or creed. < ? Science has made wonderful stride 11 the nineteen til century. Disease re almost in control, and fire-proof as been practically conquered, floods uilding are constructed, but whether nan will be uble to control currents, f air and Avind caused by the swing ^ f the earth amid the path of the tars remains to be seen. ? ANDREWS NEWS Mesdames Idellu Otvens and Henru I ' tta Colins of Jacksonville, Fla., ar * He quests of fllr." and Mrs. Fre> 1 ' ~f~ Ircen. Miss. Annie P. Crawford of Mann- ? ug is tlie guest of her sister, Mrs. Linluek this week. - -V After a few days visi^-t-tr her-sisteiS ilrs. Dianna Smith, MTs. Churlenu )umore has returned to her ho the i.v Jeurgetowtv. . 'V. Dr. CI. M. llerriottof St. Louis, M<>. nd Misses?Maria and- Bertha Fraser? /ere the guests of Mr. and 'in Jones on Wednesday. Mrs. Eliza .Corbett of * Hartsville, pent last week here as tlie guest of 'i drs. Renetta Wheeler. Mr. and Mrs. Tucker Mallett of * ... >Jcw York. City?spaat?a lew days . - ; lere last week as the guests of Mrs. dallrtt's???i ami parents', Rev. an I ilrs. Jones. - Miss Annie P. Briton, left last , veek Tor the Wave) ly Hospital, Col- j iinhia, to enter in nurse training. Mrs.-S. L. Becton,'motored to Ging tree, Monday on business. ' Among those spending Tuesday at '* I'lie Riverside?Benehi rn?Charleston ;? ire as folows: Mr. and Mrs. l?'. Green, ?? 3?ofr-and Mrs. J. E. Smith, Mesdame >wens, and Collins, Misses D. Owen . A,?P. Crawford ami?A.?Rohiusn n. dessrs Tindal,* Palmer and McFad-. len, also little Naomi Jones, Mary reon.?. \ ri noma?rsmilh,?iVl :i it ha?Hi invh-i and Bernard Green." Littl'- Martha. Btanehi has return d to her home in Charleston after pending' two tfiVks with her sister # .1 rs. I.: b: Smith. ?r"' . Mrs. Graham of Kingstree was the . uesL of Mrs I) Wilson this week THE BAI.MHTTO EEADER 1 ^.ac^c^oo.oooooaaooaaaoAo^>vlETH ANNUAL SE^^ION~ ~ oBlege 'I 24, 1 930 ^? ??1 *?s er new Students re- | r orientation. .Larg.-X.; 1 ered and expected. | ded Manhgud and Wu-??B . T~Ti" Scholarship, Vocation#. 7 raditions- '8 i In&tiiiitinn wh^i-? FA..- o amidst Beautiful Fnviron- jj^ est: - g )N, President - ? |_ ingeburg, S. C. | >0000000000000000000000000 IVERSITY I ' i's School 51st Session ; sr 17th I ttion 10-16th. I 4 th courses leading to A. B.. and mprising the Teacher Training piano, vocal, public school music, (rc'hestration, harnion and chorus rses lifting to tire B. D. and B. partrnent and those majoring it\ ve the-x>ppoHunity of observing m I be direction of designated City ? 1 1 r by arrangements with the red in the Benedict Science Hjfl \l viil conduct an extension^o irtlrw wiumni i Iin VBwglr B ' ' vial teacher trainin<^rtnient M luring this schola^ ^l*^ p a omics and \r V i, comm-unia^11" y j| fl \l^fK F. Wcn.ATN. 7* j I I *k- a vsn\?^ ! JRHLs ^^0^ * v - Aj WMR