University of South Carolina Libraries
i_ ??& '_ _^'. j?i ' _ \^_. * _*_ ? ~U " '* " . _'_ V "' ^' s? \^'<~'kL '" .. .. ^ ^ ' x ' '' . DlfWa# TO limiTUBB, THE ARTS, S0I1HC? AGIIICULTOIIS, fBWS,' .-PONTICS, 4fcC.,- *&: < J' *~ "" *'.""" '. TERMS?TWO DOLLARS PER &NNU9E;] "Ii?t it be Xnntillerd into tho Hearts of your Children that the Liberty of the Press Is the Palladium of atl your Rightr,." fiiuitu*. j ** [PAYABLE IN ADVAJTC^ ' # V0iUME.%r-N0.30.* * ABBEVILLE C. II., SOUTH CAROLINA, FRIDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER**27, 1857. ' ' :: > %IIOLExNUJJ^^S ' ' -ij OP ADVERTISING^ The Proprietors of tl m Abbeville liann*r and | JiidrjtendtnCfern, have established the following rates offAdvertisfng to be charged in both papers:"*'.*' j" - ^. _ EjftrJ AdveVtiserirfent inserted for ale.?s ti?>9 than thr<?e months,. wilLbc charged by the insertion at Ol*o JDollnr per S?qunrc, (li inch | ?the space of Wsolid lines or leu.*,)for the first ; Ih^rtidn,'arijl*]Fifty, Cents for cach subte- ( J4uontfit?ertion. . T-htf Commissioner'?, Slierin's, ClerVs KtldiJrJitlarv a A<lvflrHR^itw?iita will i..? I ia both jfuptfins, encli oharping linlf price. B5?"" Shofifflb Lcvii'?/Oii? I>olI;ir onoh. C3?~ Aiiuounciuga Caudidate, Five I>ol- ! ij , Advertising^ au Estrny, Two Dollars, , < to bc*p|{Ad jttytbe Magistrate. j . /^4y?Pti8eWbntp inserted for three months, or . ion?erAaf tho follofrin^ rates ; 1 BqUftrc* & months $ 5 00 j : \ ^quarc 6 months --,8 00 I 1 Square 9- month* - . - - JO 00 . ' ttf rafJiitliii - , 12 oo i S Squares ?f months . - 8 00 ' < li squares Ojiionths ------ 14 00 ( 2. squofes 0 months 18 f>0 'i aquarea.li moiifha 20 00 * I{ squares S^riontfm - - - - - - 10 00 j ' Q. "squares 6' mo nth 8 v - - - - - 10 00 ' I 3 square* Ot m'ontlTrt ' 21 oo I , 3 squares^ l'i months 25 00 . 4 sqvmres ?mioutjis ------ 12 00 | ' 4 squares 6 ?IM>u.Uia - - - - - 2o 00 ! .4 8<iuare3*9 months nft ! C 4. squares12 iffiwitlis, 30 00 ] I . 6 square^ <S montlis , -/ % - - - - 100 ! i 6 ?qunres.6 months 25 no j 6 eqdnres 0 *i^onUi^ y?- - - - - - 31 00 , d squares 12 niojiflis - - - - - - 35 00 ' C squares 3 months 20 00 " ft. squares C montlis *" - - - - - J") no ' I 6 squar-ja^g raonjlw^ 3i> On | ft squares^! 2 months 4n <Ht j , 1 squared 3 montlis - - - - - - 25 00 ' 1 squares G ingntlie ;t.-, oo j c 7-squares 9 mpntlis ...... 41 no j e - 7 itfjnares months - - - - - 45 00 | <1 R snunrAo 9 innnfiu "A ? - -1- Oil U(J .. <3 RqnaifB 0 montli* ...... -in (in ' 1ft squares 9 ftionlhs ....... ho ' pl B' squares 12 mouths ...... 5y qq ; v Fractions ;of Squnros will be charged in pro- | n p6?fion to tl?e nbove rates.' . ? ?5?" Business Card* for tbo term of one ' o ycaV, \^tH'be ohnryed in proportion to the ti ?pace tliey occupy,3 at One JJofhir per line : 0 Vfiace. . |?. csr Fov gjl,advertisements set in <lonhlr col- f1 umii, Fifty-per Vent, extra will be added to the 1 above rates. . <] , " . DAVIS ?fc CREW'S, ; tl .'? J ar 'Banner; V LEE it WIESOX, ; 0< ' For I'm*. p MlSOELXiAinr. " I jj Faotf Stranger than Fiction. * j '! Some years ?prn, nil artisit-nicclinnio, rc- ? siding in Xcw York, wliilo in Mrnighotued (j circrimslances, lost liis wife, and tVIl it nec- (j tefcmry to placc his cliildrcn in the half-or- , pbaii asylum. Tlie lad conceived a strong ambition for an education, and at 54 -liis own solicitation, was apprenticed, l>y P the managers of-the asylhin, to a mercliant at the eastward, who promised faithful- i '* fully .to furnish the mentis for the long cov- l' eted 'education. As the lad grew up tc iind became useful to his employer, the hit- )v ter evinced an indisposition to fulfil his- [ ,s yiromiscm the matter of educating him, (Ik* ; end'of which wiis, that the lad, now a grown c< n young man, ran nwny to seek his own l'' fcOfmift- s'To avoid a pursuit, he passed l?v another , (-'t than his own name, and not meeting with l'. the sueeess lb Boston npd other plaees in ? the Kasterji States which he had hoped fur, JM lie at la&fomul ibiiltadfin New. York, and :l' nlujost pertiiilewj. Ih; sought in. vain for 11 -his father, or fufcay v other friend in whom j *3 liedarod fctinlide.' dint >of pcr/istent a however, he-obtained a </nasi em- ' ' , gl'oyment as a canvasser (in the neighbor' '"^country,) for n weekly, paper of good , fn foiinn n iu1 ll??l l??? I.!... - - - t...?y l <1II-4-A llllll III HIL'ilU illll | ?4HU"fi5r ft' Jew weeks ; "but eventually, own 1,1 ."that foiled ly in.< lie thtin to<5k to the sale '! . ^of'books and. periodicals from door to P tj^br^hiying off the oity info districts, and .v resolutely offering his wares to every one lie sl ' ' AnioTig tlio. wojl-to-do nnd wealthy, lie JJ' ahqt wrtlt sevftt rebuff*, which wounded his : a A*ensltiVc feeling* terrimr, but, nevertheless, u ? viWj'trtived'oiy- lie must literally, "do or , f <h^f-..??ut,he fvlfcompellcd to pass Komr i 11 of tire 6ne-lioiigea. lie could not nerve i 11 K " liimtfelftQ constant refusals. Jn this state.!1' Ihjugh tipu^iatfy depressed, be cause lie had ' 11 &<dd uutbing the whole day, he was passing -dwelling,up town, one afternoon, " njyv wy6 woee^. wikii iiis nusoiuie wnn1. , j <5J'fodj. |ed io ft feneWal of liis dutbrtiiina- 11 omit calling Jit eV'ery door, ]>stl- j &c?t?r -lie rang tlite bt-11 ; llie <li?ur ti ,nnd tin/tenant was about Itiriiing |) ^Hirniy^WHjy^n?<5rts& young" lady, who I p codUL^ee Irim from lior'watiti tlic jmrlor? J "4 y jW^tJw^rtoor Janitor, also otx?n?s?hraiif? ? "VmcTbnit4ifttpiiig*^o liimtc-jsvlaimcd? j l' /' , Imck so g y?u though ? *j t,Eftftk from tlie tl gi^ctttu'i-tixjdtitty'^awyg tUfcre must ? he?u??'lfa nhd g'tlding? "* ' i w i>ottWCcke, but Ir used to j "??h?to i^^ionfc-called* ' ...., |l( *? f-vJfttoUnfttilni* fotyojted,*iyl lie found that, Hi* j ? rgv^rfea M&Jkto tvifAs i t< -jrfi*'Sir 'liirfiigh mains ? " *i4besm9ka&? i : * . ; -ji.. ' ' * t . *' >r . * ' riV-V . " -ru ' " *>* \ '. '? . ,'mkr^r. ?. " . ' Address of Hon. J. Foster Marshall. Delivered before (he Stale Agricultural Society, in the State /louse, on Wednesday Evening, November 11,1857. Gentlemen of the State Agricultural Society : You have assembled again, to celebrate llie tliiid anniversary of your association, llllilnr - '* V..VI..II.-U.UU3 ui |>ucuuar grailUOUliou to each member. You have invito! hither by your premium?, medals and diplomas, the industrious, planter, the man of cience, the energetic manufacturer, the ingenious mechanic, the enterprising merchant. the skillful artist, and "though last ! not least," the aged mother and blushing maid. Each in their appropriate spheii?, iiaVC contributed something of their skill, | industry and ingenuity, and something of :he products of the soil, to show to the pass- \ ing stranger that the people of South Oar- i jlina have awakened from that lethargy and, iiipiueness, which has so long paralyzed her iiicrgiea. That we arc alive now to our ligli calling, tile offering that each citizen) las made to your Fair, prove* that a spirit , \f inquiry has gone throughout the length Itld hri-aillli (if our IjiiiiI. it lias been beautifully said "that the | laHli is a ureal machine, made ready by | he Almighty lo the hands of man, with Is soil and seasons working for him ; and t may- not be uninteresting to trace for a uw moments the progress that man lias nade in exploring the mighty resources of his machine. The experience of man for nearly four 1 housand years is written in immutable haracters in I lie great volumes of nature, vliiliitiurr ?ic it .1 ; -.."1 ..Pil - J?1 ..w.., .. j.......... v/i l.lVi J>IW;rcssivc and retrogressive operations of uind, in its efforts lo explore the hidden ncrets of the universe. Look into llie dim ista of antiquity, among the dilapidated lasses of mural rubbish, strewn throughut the once gorgeous Kast, and the wrecks f ancient grandeur, meet our gaze at every urn. Where Wiethe ancient emporiums, f agriculture and commerce, Kujiio, Alexndrja, Tyre, Siilon, Tarshish and Thebes ! he foot prints of desolation are clear and (.-fined, and with all their storied greatness, ley are now almost lost to human ken. \ here too, are tlie mighty people who once fell ill.-.1 mi /iiif nmiliiwint 11./-. ? 1 alaces of Anahuae, Otrnnba, Cholula, Ox?utal ?n?l l'alempie i Tliev evince, in "si;nt veracity," an enlightened era in Ameica. 'l hese nations, like the nations of the last, occupied the most favored portions of nr continent, and yet deserted palaces and i ilapidated tuninli are all thai is left of lis mysterious people. These nations of (he cast rose from ob-' nrity,ns tillers of the soil, and to such a ' oint of perfection did they attain in this apartment of industry, that the name of. usli.indinan has become immortalized by leir poets and orators. History the great acher l?y example, tells us that they, too i ere lletilllilics Mini wliilrt nww.nli...? n~.-~ ' ? Vl> - "O1 v * t bed I lie natron prospered in commerce and ! , ic arts. 1'?ul when luxury, with its con- ' ^ >mitaul evils, passed through the gates or ' f icir cities, instead of the pinducts of tlie ' s >il, they became an ea*y prey to each ntli- , , ain 1 the eoiiijuercr in his luru IV-11 into ( iC hands of the Vandal and the Goth. , hey and all their gorgeous grandeur have , eeti swept into the vortex of oblivion, and ! t II that is left to us is the foot-prints of their , lighty intellect. We read of their inigli- 4 r men of genius and learning, a Cadmus* , Solomon, a Herodotus,a Socrateiaud an | | .rehimides ; of a Cicero. 1'linv. Yirml?l. lid above all we read of tlie patriotic niul 1 j inner Ciuciunalus, who twice saved his 1 , mutry from impending ruin. May we j nt pause here for- a moment, while we are . i the brilliant march of intellectual im- , roveiwnt, ami ask the question, nrc we j ( L-t in the meridian height of this great ' luorjjle of mind over matter, when we , t d??: i-ito consideration the advancement j i?t was made jn agriculture, couimur^,, s nd the fine arts by these mighty nations . t f antiquity t May not the splendid en- , or ol to day be based on the wisdom, the j lventions and discoveries that have been , uidetwenty and thirty centuries acjo ? Mav [ icy not hare furnished the rudiments of ? lechauical elements from which we now j rm the fiery vehicles on which mind tri- i 1 inphantly rides from the "duMy peilioua j t i.. ? i"?-j < " n3 j/iv-3uiii uiizzuug nriuevc- | < icnts ? j t lJis<ng8ged from the gross hallueinn- i ions of past siges imposed J#}' piiusts and 1 ? rinocs, mind lias now mounted tin; ear of t roiffes/with its feet resting on ngrirulture -the reins of science in one hand and com- I lerce in the other?is now enlightening ' I lie world in its course nnd invigorating the f urnis of intellect and genius. Timo nnd I I pacenrn measured by its operations, nnd ;i lie world is embraced at a ed. It com- i < lands the'eleincnts and Ljiey oln>y it!. The i s 'orld is too circumscrilieiUforc ?U expnn- i i iye research?the universe alone calf* Hm- 1 tila aspirations^ ... v>>- x-" The di*ct/V'ery of A rffrriea, .fftjCjffiUjflf) i f priritingand the applicaLfoi^or^^yer lo-1N li'u various wants-of man, have <T?ns n?or$ ^ t> ch&ngethe destiny &f the moral, pl?v?i- I nl and commercial world, thaii all tho'jmHcifi*II?? ?! ?? ^L" , j y. uiw .jg^y viuo-yi I'uinjwcrwr^i J Uo tortuPesof tji? ingiij*itorial IribmuO, or t lie valine, of rott'ioafct. pliilnritKrojiid*. di*co/Wes <*^re essential to itfatiVjl tirce*sful cal-ofer of iinprovomcnt, but \vli4 i trouU.T asbjJliare Jtecn (ligprttamd qtulie .i tfre, coramerO^mflnol^ i Orcs.^fTuie tnoolifinic *rl% without Aiiio- * ica J,' Mitrtf . wouM have ?bectr i ^"^(^'de'creM .nnd bpH* of tte \ 3lil_ 'j* . -1> j grasping the electric holts of .Heaven, lias j struck out for herself a new sphere of exisI tenco. The howl of the tempest, the light| ning* flashed, the pierccittg frosts or tlie i fervid heat of an c?piatorial sun, impede i not lier progress. Ik-r march is onward i and upward, until she shall realize all the | truo and grand conceptions of man's hapI pini'ss and man's political equality. The genius of America has eviucc'd a precocity i in agiirulture, commerce,manufactures and the mechanic- aits, ncvi.p ....l thcsame time by ?ny nation, ancient or ! modern. She is second to none in the practical demonstration of progressive improvement. ller agricultural products, now feed and clothe tlie half million of the OKI World. Her white wings of commerce aro spread to every breeze. 'J'ne darkened vapors of a thousand engines, mark the track of countless miles of railroads?penetrating through mountains of the farthest point of civilization. Young America holds tin! plough, drives the plain, the saw, the billie,the forge, the needle, the mill and the great custodian of our liberties, the press. Her crystal palaces and iron mansions rise up like the eastern palaces of the ancient genii. Her land is now teeming with the overflow of agricultural products ?seeking the thousand and one avenues leading to the great emj eriun s on t! c Atlantic and <iulf. I a-V, what is the cause of li s unparalleled success in all that, tends to elevate ainl ennoble the American citizen \ /lis uyricnlti'rc oml its Joiuil ni'titl conimera' ! It in llw u/>jtlicntiun of arlvner to nil (he ilrjinrtinen is nf industry ! JI is the diversion of labor a ml cojiilul. r .1 ... c ?* uut us iur a iiiomciu cast our eyes over this great confederacy of States, and see wliat each is doing for itself in litis age of progress. Some are engaged in mechanieal inventions, like Connecticut, wliiie others, like Massachusetts, are engaged in manufacturing ami agriculture. Some are engaged in agriculture, commerce, ami manufactures, like New York, while others like Maine, have neither agriculture, manufaelurcs or commerce, but compelled to resort to their forests and to ship-building. | Some like Pennsylvania, have to depend 1 ujiun their great mineral resources and a a riciilt'ire for tluir wealth, whileothers like Kentucky and Indiana, have to depend u; in their agriculture and great pastures for tlieir prosperity. Then again, there are those States, occupying the Eastern and I Southern slope of llio Aileghanies, which lisive depended atone upon their r.^ricultu- j ral resources for the happiness :in<l prosper- , ity ot their people. In the Northern porLioii of this confederacy, we find that no >t;ite in pursuing any one brunch of in lusLiy, to the exclusion of all others; but l>v llic division of labor and capital, all their | resources arc b/tug developed , and all the ( h-partinents of industry arc nourishing. , With an unfriendly climate to contend , ivith, they l?y dint of energy and peisercrnace have made grass to grow where here was no soil, and two ears of corn to ?row where only one grew before. Their nun.-!iii nsouircs now iiuiMing palaces, river.*, building railroads and ,lL*airis!ii|?-i, iiii'l furni.-hing the path upon vliieli thought is eouveved l>y the cdeehiei- , y of Heaven, from one cud of the coufed- | :ra<-y to the other. 'I'Ls/. : ? <* " 1 j nviiti ? h?i uoj j?vnau.viu^ ||(H UUC-liaif Of lie advantages in soil ami climate as wo of lie South, have furoutstrippcd#as in agricul- | lire, commerce, manufactures ainJ the me- ; iliiinic arts. We, oil the contrary, who mve been blessed in soil and climate, nn?l villi all the natural advantages that abound ! Iirotighout the length and breadth of our | loiintry in endless variety, are content to , ilod along in the old beaten path of our ince-tors, relying alone upon the production if our great Maple cotton, to eh the and feed is. Tigs comp irison is not instituted between lie North and the South, to show the superiority of the one over the other ; but imply to exhibit what can he done, by iulustry; energy and perseverance,'and the roper application of labor and capita^ to lie various wants of man. In point of A renin*, and all jhe attributes that make hjaji i noble being, the archives of our nation uul the noble deeds of our sires will prove ncontestibly, that wo have no superiors, i'ct with nil this halo of glory encircling >nr urow, ana all the nalural advantages vc possess, we laok as a people, that indtisry, energy, economy and perseverance, >vbicb is necessary to develop tlie rt.-ourc;s )f our country. It is true, and I ain proud 0 see it, that lb some of our sister States, he dormant energies-of their people have jeen awakened hy a Kutthi and a l'eters. It is also true, that in our own Palmetto State, the people in some sections are awakening ftum ttieir supinenuss and lethargy, ind are putting forth their energies and capital in reclaiming our impoverished soil, ilid in developing the mineral, manufacture ngnnd mechanical resources of our State. 1 feel that ua change has come" over the ipirit of our dream," and that we are in The pornina'of thaVgreat reformation which is, !fe?flht/u lo plate South Carolina ?*ilo by lido \Vith Vir^Juia and Oe0rgia*iti sgriculures. mfttuifactufes and the mechanic arts. Tno queitioil klisti presents itself?what lire the resource of our Stute, and bow are ibejr ! be dewdunod I ti. ^ . It ii? bjf?oll-geoWgHial Mid Hgwhlttifai writersi Eoudtfy ?? mviu ui no nimosi.muctuiuo tjpctenlion in .agricultural* rowiiroe^fJfh^n those sAtys ^cotfpyitig t^ie ^Atfouikfc tfMgMvlf ?S9iX0 dfaiio iilpu it'rdge MouritHin^. ^f&rtiie faid3t*6#ilMS<Prt>liD-' itk'nilt'tliiUtiiiiKBil. I"1 " 1 [ lime?\vhieh are indispensable to tlic former ! ! ami mechanic. They lie imbcdcd in some i . of our middle and mountain districts fur the I want ol capital to < pen them up, and the i means of an expcJit'unts and rhcap transportation to our markets. There arc many fine water powers distributed over the mid- ! pie and northern portion of our State, which I would be well adapted to the manufacturing, milling and mechanical department of industry : but are now lying idle for the want of capital, and a (.Jrcgg, a Mcl'ee, a Sloane,; a tiibbes, and a host of other practical meivf in our State, to develop their great powers. | Then a<rain. there are our oreait linoa ?? ' ... _ r '" v" j ; railroads, extending from this seab nd to llie mountains, and branching off into vari- 1 , ons suctions of the State. These come not ' properly under the lie.-ul of resources, but j tlify are llio Archimedean leader of the ' i present age, and have done more towards j developing the resources of our Stale, than 1 all other elVorts hitherto made by. the people ! or State. Thc-e, then, are the trfre and I substantial resources of our State, and upon ' | their development depend the future liappii ness of our people, and our Ileal cijuul, ify in or out of the Union. The question then that addresses itself ; with peculiar force lo each member of your Association, and to every true lover of his j j country is, how shall these resources he de- i vcloped ? My answer is h>j education of, (he masses, a thoroar/h reform in oar pres- j ~ j ??- ' (/a mwir <>j ni/rti iiintrr ami economy, m d ' it ]>ro/icr division of our labor and cnt ifa'. | Ili^torv, ami c\*en on o n ob orv ni> n teacher that no reformation, cither in polit i?.-s j or religion?that 110 advancement, either in , t :o arts or sciences?have over Ik-cii accuni- , ' pli-hed in a day, a month, or a year. It lias required years of intense study and uii- ' tiring industry of master minds to digest an I prepare the proper plans of epilation*. ' It has required time to arouse the masses :iiitl Iii imr llii.ii* ti? , - ...v.. IV MVii U|iy?i invalidjeet, tor ihcin lu understand the necessity of ' ; tlie work and comprehend its length and ' breadth, heighth mi.I depth, before they can J move forward with force and power*. As it ! I lias been in all ages with politics and re- | 1 ligion, so it is now in agriculture and all ; the departments of industry, l'aticnt study, I energy and perseverance have overcome mountains of diflioullies. The glorious c.\ ample of the sous of <.>Id Virginia?with a i Jiutliu as their leader, arousing themselves I thirty years ago from their supineticss?reclaiming their impoverished lands?developing the hidden resources of the State?di\ crsifying hei labor and capital, and placing their .State in her present prosperous and in- j dependent position, should cheer us ou to j this noble and patriotic work. Our people, ! 1 am proud to nay, from the many evideti- i ces, 1 have teen in various sections of the Stale, are fully alive to the necessity of a ! reformation in agriculture, and in our manul'actumi" ainl ?ih-i-1?:hi1 -= - o - I v",i* industry. All they want now lu carry on this great wot k so earnestly and nobly bo- j gun, is "inure light1' mid an lvJmuiid liufliti i lu guide and direct their energies. I aspire 1 nut to that distinguished post, of enlighten- ! ing and directing the energies of our people, | but simply as a co-laborer in this great j work, to contribute the result ot" my observation and experience, and the conclusions to ! which 1 have arrived upon this important j subject. Before we can carry oul successfully this great work of reformation, we must prepare 1 the minds of the people by a system of [ popular education. J?ut I am met at the ' threshold with the question, "iu it necessary that the farmers?that the tillers of the soil I ? should kiiuw as much us other people?" ( To prove thai it is tiecesrui v to an intulli- { gent mind, would seem-to l?e ;t work of! biipi-rerrogatioii ; but there are many per- I sons in litis Statu who do not admit the lie- ' ceSMi-y? believing that too much lumper! tif/ . , with the musses, might catisu them to rise | in the majesty of their strength and break over the old established land mark usages 1 ! and customs. JHiave no fears of an educu; led people breaking over "old land innrku," : customs and usages, if these land marks are \ it accordance with their advancement in j civilization.- lint if they are not in accord- | mice Willi the warns uf the people and the ' ' progress of the Age, let them be uprooted and exploded, mid in their htcad let such \ improvement* be introduced, as will tend i to develop the pdwer and energies of the ! people; v ' . ' ! 1 maintain, that in proportion you elu- i ( vato the masses in tliu scale of education, in | . ilie same ratio will the resources of the State , i be developed. All will admit that it should ' be ilie tint and great concern' of the Sjpte j | to place the means of a good and substan- i tial-education within the reauh of all her j people ; but how few of our legislator and men of learning have devoted their labor and talents to ilie digesting ot a plan suitable to the condit ion and wants of the people, it is true, that there is an Ailstou, a Thornwell and A Meuuoinger in out*, midst, wfTo have investigated the subject.with Zeaf-nn# ' ability, but tlieir. plans and schemes jfatve ,t?ue Mud agalu beeu'rejected by youiN&ffoJators, for Urn wanto>f a'ifioro"n(j4? investigation. i trust, however, tipit the day is now iluMMitiiir umn/iu- <rln.? t1'-? ? " , OT|rv/*i u-y (VUUII iUO OUllO Will tiifji liur uuuu^roi \ ICS* auftjcot, '.'Inynig V^?}& * .frytiugsf^jcaUwSievuod. Uigi?t such irplan 'wlyifr will" faviiiff sUpeHtiou lo.o*o?y nfau V \4wRT .* * ' ; ! w^3^^^&ert^in.y/nnng^^uuf<?uplry, otibe^Ci^^Ko 1^*2 ?uJ J ecuiu of ou/.S?h^. . U{?on their itrameritr ding look to the i?ll?_-rs of iliesoij. It is tho products of tiiu soil that alone can atl'ord relief. If tills 11143 collars of the batik with gold an.I silver ; it oils the inueliillery oft lie manufacturer and mechanic; it drives the .ship across the vasty deep,and feeds the countless lines of railroads thoughoutthe length and breadth of our country. Then it is your duty to arouse the talent that now lies dormant 111 your sand hills, in our rich vallic*, and on tliu mountain top ! Send the schoolmasters 1 llltn j.**.jf* it-wil* .? ?.! I 1 * 4*-i viv^i uvun IIIIU Ii.illllt.-t Ul lllu Oltlic, and teacli ilium tlie laws of nature?liow 1 tho soil can become modi lie J and euiiched 1 L>y the judicious application of tho mineral and vegetable kingdoms 'leach them the principles of natural philosophy and mechanics, and let tho Statu College furnish that additional instruction in Agiicultuud . Chemistry, so necsessary to prepare our sons | lor the praclieal avocations of life. As an additional source of imformatioii I would earnestly recommend to our farmers tho sustaining of the agricultural survey of our State. I pon the knowledge of the earth and its constituent elements, depends i t lie success of the farmer, ami any iinlormatiou upon that subject, is worth to the planting and mining interest of our Slate ten tin.us, nay, a hundred times, the amount ! the Stale may expend. Neither the manu- ' faelurer, the mcclinnii-, or the artisan can ' work with any degree of biiece?s, until they thoroughly understand the capacity and puwot of their nniehiuery or the tools they worn wiin. l nev call in science to aid tliciii in their labor.*, and hence wc iind I lie perfection each lias attained in their respec- ' live departments of industry. Not .so with 1 agriculture. Ji has ha-1 to contend with ignorance, supersmoii, OKI customs anl usages, un'iii we Imvo ne -.r'v worn out this rent machine which llie Almighty lias I made to our hands, without even uuder-laud- ( ing its first clemelary principles. Then let j tliu farmers cull for / ></h t t'jiou this subject and nil the assisl'tucc that the State can j contribute towards agricultural knowledge. ( Hut 1 mil again met with that prejudice | prevailing with .some classes ot'our fanners, ; "That hook farmers never succeed ? their fanciful theories can never hoar practical test." This perhaps is true as applied in some instances; nor wdl deny t^at book farming ilhaecoinpained with good practic- i ill comuiou Sense has ever succeeded. Uut I deliv the iironnsiluiii. llmi. I t- ftirium.r I l,~ .~K ' * "* J" has not been of incalculable biniiit to the farmers, or tliat. llio-e fanciful theories. when explordt-d by practical test, have not served i as beacons to the agriculturist. These the- j ories may not have accomplished the desired end, at this time of tiie experiment, for the want of a pract ical mind, to ftppjy correct elementary principle, but tin*)' established a fact not known before in agricul- { ture. "The failure awakened a spirit of in<iuirv, opeud the wav lor another exneri incut, which unfertile guidance of a pr.ictjal ^ head succeed. Knowledge in any of the , avocations of lilo, is panted by experiments which hare time and again failed, il is j impossible fur man to make improvements of value, in the arts or business of life, 114- ! less (ih is directed in his investigations by 1 the knowledge of others, or what is liiid down in books.. The manufacturer, the mechanic, the artisan all depend upon the , fXperimeiils of persons ioiig since passed ' from thy stage of action. To understand and perfect themselves iu ! llieir various profession^ iliey can in science 1 iu men aui, imu wiiii it" us ineir ii;iiki inaui, | they now propel tliu engine sixty miles per j hour, wheu Fulton thoughuit might attain six. Your cotton is now ginned at the tale of five and six "bales pur day, wheu it was thought otio hundred pounds of lint might he obtained.- Science and inochanicaKingenuity now aids you iu cutting your wheat | at l lie rates of twenty acres per day; when one-fourth of an acre was regnided as the work of the sickle, it threshes four bundled bushels of wheal per day, -'-when ten bushels wns the task under the old system, in u word, science has uo simplified labor, that a laborer now perforins tlni,tusk*of ten and twenty laborers iu the same time,' Yet with all this light, there are some men who seem to take a pride iu refusing to call to j their aid science, or .even tu t-oimult an ag- ,i ricttllural journal. They point to tlimr , fathers, success, and aro content to follow ( along in the same old beaten path?fargit-. j ting that the face of the soil aiid the *Thts , nl* ilio urn! Iinvii i imiiili'lcl v miili-ririiiK. > ? 1 -V % v,~*" ; change since their auccestors first, conimcu- ^ ccd cutting down the sturdy oitk. iiliow^j me a man who will not adopt the improvements of the age in agriculture, in imple-( mcntf, in seed or in stocks .of horses, , hogs, cows and sheep, and4l will show you a man "Ay ho will always"he behind hfo neighbors. Then 1 say,* away, ivjtli, tins idle de-" clamutton about "booU fiirnnng." Take ait agricultural j'Mirnal, oyiiMirt- nie'n of scientific and practical jrMaimiietjt*; and g<^ to making expurtmeiiU on a small scale, if you succeed or fail, let vour neighbors know it, >,Vour success *will bt> .tbeir* .jamfcvour ! jtrosperiiy will be your country Tw When 1 you iuivg duuo ilw^you. will ,hjivi?,doue your'! duty to yoursult"nuU .to your, country,. ?nU Will iXlj?OlU?y >!?*? l)tMUVsU,'?.p^tli^jU ^?vU?g ^r^Mud.tUe uiindi oj'ourjjoq^e Uy a snU^l'mi education, *y<i Aow:. jlo f ! ?Vi i nipto rin<f turt& futyto.* A^r.lb^ miigtS Ito^ <"*- ' , .; 'A ;.l ubiitiUtiii tbitpropoBition, tlmt*uo rtfforur j Bey#ruJ^|>ltHi*?ru oar ?j?ric,?ri$w? UiiHl^j j nose, witlioiil tcetH;" with bald pate and fur-1 I rowed chock, nnd like old age turned bui^ ' to grass; then sell the carcass for whal j-oti , can realize, and migrate to the *SunMi-west ; in <piest of another victim. This runious ' . system has c-i?tupon us an exhausted soil, and a dependence upon -Kentucky and ! |'Icnnessee for our mules, horses and hogs, j | and upon the Northern States for all our I necessaries, from the clothing and shoeing of negroes, down to our wheelbarrows, corn- j lirooms aiitl axe-li:<iiclies. Some inav say ! this picture is over-drawn, but in iiuswer, I would n-Ic every candid man to look around in his own neighborhood, ami see if-there j arc not sotno farmers pursuing this very ' policy. The evidence is all over the State, and it is useless for its to elose our eyes to the fact, though painful the sight may he: To coi (cut these evils, ami stop these [ blood-suckeis from preying upon our,very | vitals, I would have you ni/itcc the number j of acres you plant in cotton one-fourth, j prepare your land thoroughly, make all (he i manure you can from your woods, marshes, j l??ts and stables, and apply it to your coin j and cnMlill \.l.l t.1 v..Ill- nmrnil I crop the ?j?iauity of laud you have taken i from your cotton, ami" plant rftore barley j ami rye, until your smiili grain crop equals i (hat of your cotton. Plant the same qnahl- I ity of corn that you do of cotton, and iny word for it, from actual experience, yon will j make as much if not more cotton, than you i (Jul under the old system. Yotar hams and cribs will bo belter tiled < with corn, ?rhe?t, j b ir. ly and o.its. 1 on then can rat-so all \ your haeun, your slocks of horses, j li"?s, calllo mill slivcp in a ihrivir.g condition, aiitl in livo years out of six you will always have an abundance to supply home wauls and the wauls of your neighbors, and n surplus to sliiji to Columbia or ^ Charleston to supply the suspended banks j with gold and silver. i 1 would not liuvo you infer from inv urging the necessity of reducing the number ol ai res planted ill cotton, that I iiin in fa- > vor of diminishing; the production of cotton i a* was recommended l>y Crow Hammond I in 1813. An.I t-jvcialiy upon the ^roiiml 1 lie tlieli urged that the production of the raw material had now cxeeeded tiie de- 1 maud, and had fallen so low in prie<\ that we could not compete with the South. wes- 1 tern Slates in its production. l?v ito menus.! We know socr.w'ell >yhat power and inHu- ' enceitcxerciws6v.tr the civilized world.! And. we well kiio^yCtllQt instead of cotton ! failinc lower sincQ.1841. it lias :\dvMii?*?.l 1 steadily to the liinU/jjvicc 6f sixteen,. cents in the lace of large crops.juid'jQnc of themost expens-ivo wars Uiat-lnis ever been tm-. dertak<-n hy the groat {towers of E\m>p<j. That fact is con<:lusiv'ely>fio\fri""from earei fully .prepared statistics,-;t|iat.' tiro deroand ! for tlie raw.materia I, js now greater than j the production, and*js^ikely to continue ^o j for years to come?.Central Africa; Algeria | !br India, to) tho now iif-tiio midst of"u linan- I i end crisis, which threatens to sweep- down j in us current. an me agricultural, manulacluring, and mechanical. interest- of the country. . Although mart now at contrary, notwithstanding: Although' wo arc now at tlie commejicomciit-of-anotber cx- f pensive war Uytw.ecii England and h<ft j Kast India po?3e^ions,.yet the"" Southern | planter is better prepared to fiioct die present crisis than they iire.l'nTany other portion of this confederacy. \\'q havu not been speculating ?nyl sfock-jobbin wild schemes of internal improvement anil Northwestern lands. Wo have been tilling tlfe soil and. the results of our labors are Well j tilled barns and plenty of cut ton to pay our , debts and a surplus to loan to our yeigh- j bors or assist in developing the resources of |. our maie. Had it not been for sonle of <Jt?r l>nnks in sending their fluids to the North arid entering inio the gambling speculation held out there in sloi-lcs, and Southern merchants, paper in sending their funds to the Western States to be made use of by fpeculators and their agents, we would not have, > been reduced to our present dependent- position upon the,<Noi tlf.. Stone of^gnr^banks, !>y ?J i \'ort i n?M h ei r ^fiwid^froin the %fc?(iti-j a jnatw'ol.jeets for ft'hieh Ih?-y were1 cheated." 1. I.... .V ts.r.,x * ??...? Jr; a Messing. The very time tiny ^ Off to insist tlic'^Micicliaiit and plajjU'r* jrf' the very time t.h?y Oeny nll^sjisxi^^Vi"^ shut tliei^ iluors in 'the ) they liavi/ been t]i<^fji)iO'C?i^ j8^ iug iri our cq^ilitSfvi"o'jjfln our prosperity should 'be exti?R?Hhiiite(f--f?eL1, and branch. ^ I hope,, our take docidud stcp*ji5* Will tiring %?m Imck to'tlie rsojfirt| prfc<{tyto?\>f * baUkipg tipon "goUlwuHi^ver ntul not ' uj^on^tcx-i' changej ^uil confine thefr' orjwStibn4"* I in fhe umi4?.?f South XJawJiTfyK jS"* ? -j To rc^ur^o j i tioii. then Vfe'sav the dood!?i(tfiwri!L*fiiftii- r zee? } most for it; <JtJ !(fer e^ "*'?bo*o&?v } vttMikl rir'o -up ,1o-j "herjiifuldt Vri^o^feW^.-Sbe^fhf1 Wlr-P%}*i ^fti'joiis to rely %p?u. liuftii c?U VompeHJ" ivnili W- tlieu f,-iflUi tfonsenso to'llhlk uboui ov<? i *fo iWjfoftO of the jWirtfei &u ^ 'W nnmlH. tl> .?' ?*> <* - l&'Jg&SKf .jggi.rj.j_"". i.1 '*,**[ i.1 :/& - Ro'ry'a Kittaipg. nut it kifis t!fly,c o?kt JTTb nftstVint eftfv tpiiy ,V ' Ivor' oKl ns I'm 'now,' ll?n minding lb " Wtfcn u .spntpodu of *hrce, -4#ftb - ho\? jmiticli Might . * - ' " * My mitlicf kitatfiMlorjand Undo lifift-good Bight. But my mitlier eW - And the lasses I mot That at kissing I werft^ first ytie findOTp&^tsjft'T De-cause tbey wore bonnets uud loukeo.liije'.my mithcr. ^,"?V Atlasl, would you think it, swcetlJri dg^ilnn'. I lud f carccly bocn kissed vlieo, olio Wv^scd jfi'o * nsjin, * ftV Ami lould inc h proftst,, way -rjlo\frU- in tiie clijV Would sfty, if woM tisk liiin, a bifc o'fJiivditty. .* . "A ditty, swate IJiulgot, and wliat mlghtj'tbo I" "Ne'er mind, my dgar fiory, but come juat wld . me!" - " *' . We trudg'd to tlie city, and; <yilled lier -mo wife* ~ "* Wo got a wee cottage, a pigr-and a spnde sy. & * IJridget sickened ; we liired licMistei* fbf^ The maid I was kixxiMj, when, tni^ as yo'r Uicr&i 1 felt the ould devil a pulling.my half.si-'". Iiigo?efcyou ould varmint!" I ycjleflTn'infJViglifj Ami sort?' turiicd'rounil to be gttting^arfligii ; Wlnst ilid I ?li.<kiycrif Instead of rtn'-elfi. w? a. !>_ i? - ^v4 v onuic uriuget vwinnteriy mere JWt Ucr&ejfi "O'Rory !"' she bhibbirotl, ?till prflUpg "But sick is my heart xvid ycrromluot to-duj^;A kiss my sister wliilo I'm iyYn^Ued,*1''.. . Not'able to l-aiie fro'fn the pillow-myMjca^'lw* "Troth ! my Bridget," says I, "|Sefji(]ib3 v<^oiw^ in'nd * * pi-'' Wlieu ye to the kissing were greatlyu^cliji#^.^ / Ye kissed me ami kissed me nl ^... m An<l now by the jiiber^yeVe p tilling mj^llWV.^7^* IJpgoire ! yiSXmld"fool, wiili a rumpus lilwttuis. \ r.,1 ot.lv n .... *;?/.? ma ?- - - ?"i" -j-" 1 . * Foiaons. '?*< . '-; < * What is ? poison ? . Every otie^ktloVfef^-' no one can pay. - ' Wo know'*' tlirtt ccrtain sub^tnn/\es^ti# % * poisonous?arsenic, for instance V biibyre ilo not know wherein, this. tajribTa^-qprtfrts lies?n;ty, \ve know c<liat in q diminjstiiaJ .close lite fiamVa?seiuo becomes X</J^dioioe, an.l, In t?li 11 SHiililler ilosev^fuod^ ' lAhxilioJ, . . again,.Is a violent-^/ison, if ^ivwi.piiYo'^'ml " in a certain qii;intit^^tt5il'-SQ?i^^U(rfr?/*^L',tt * * dihited, aiaJU',givcn.Hi sTnaIl?iiv^7firttifltip?, " these poisbtiV stimulate Uie . &e*fc|cUfl|ia,i^nd jiccelcratc orguiiic.proocsses, "^Jcpho^, all know, is a 'flunuu^^poisbn'/'^for it pup- '' plies tluj place<>f tbo^^au^'gwilig96tiyp^ irot to mention -itS^rUhej' *qui^)taeiv; Aii(|it .!v oply by arf abuso'of ^tigtw^'*^bn^9;c&A qd[.alcohol in itself a poisofjf, 'wJfeifc"?atoe>*L- \; encq and dxpdriinonC"'pVdy<j that-the ^oi^op- . " oiis effects' hpQSuJt^ ouCy^ jrqru /Iarg^'4os<;.'>. 1'^en tlic most\ ^utntioWof ^iWeOu&m,; ?. bccbme poiatntOija^in /Excess.v is a3 injurious 41s jititfsiq'acitL*$$0 are^Uus led to fitispetUifci't pot$n._i?'J^rd.^reprqk'. * senfing-a tfiUintilalitic idpai .TK5 Cfilajta.q{^ noisonbus stiffetancea ibSujgsfai. Ipgical .'dwturbances, it.isptflfc^vhiirlfya. disturbance is carrtaj] beyond '/.? it, and tIvusM11tef $ireij; wiUi ! and operation of tile ~\aW?& 'cesses that-the ; jmtsonous q(r:tmi?s^^,tuW' *? ' s'4j^aocesr"{ire jfiitBifcstcdk tho l^jrfd ^lighj-in^^nr^fio^^aS"1 pitftjfrar . but aJiligUb diKUjrhwti^?>a-jbfow wttuTf * hammer kills! $efo-B#rn b^m|&8jnrc difty'V" wliipp^f into life; bl?t? anfrjjy^errtifroa oft > this midwifery prodSSft -tlr* is jtIwars a oue'stiou of decree. roffWftclifelri by phj'Bidlogical-consequonoe*. . . liol, dilUtOQ/atirtiuJnt^lba . 1 ; undiluted, it- attacks tlip lis$ye-j.6S^f ter& iffi propevties, abstracti' the e^elf an 8tliuoalf<Rti$f.'* eou,sly c u s u eg. _ 'J''? EL*? - gtfit