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^ v - - . . - - ... ,.s * * * . "** jt-'v" ... \ :.ft 1 ?1 1 ' ' 1 ' gggB=gB^Wg=g?= ?===gegggg5^e^g^=agg^ttg^agBg6aiipSBigiBgggjaia^H i xin ggggaaaa p iyim -n r t , t,. ,,. -? (( J 1 'fl.l#- ^ ; ' :^['|?" (fit ' ' I Jp -IP ^SMM' J|1>J|^ ^1 ^ '* DEVOTED TO MTERATUHE, THE ARTS, SCIENCE, ASIWCUfcTURE, HEWS, POLITICS, &C., &C. " ' TERM8 TWO DOLLARS PER ANNUM,] ,,;Let 11 be Instilled into the Hearts of your Children that the Liberty of the Press is the Palladium of all your Rights ??.w,^. [PHYtB^V TlT * VOLUME 5?NO. 2G. ABBEVILLE C. II., SOUTH CAROLINA, FRIDAY MORNING, OCTOBER <>0, 1857. WHOLE NUMBER 234 RATES OF ADVERTISING. The Proprietor# of the Ablicvillc Banner and Independent J'rctx, linvc established the following rates of Advertising to be charged in both fr.pers i . . "Every Advertisement inserted for a less time than three months, will be churned by tli<5,-.jnscrtton at One JDollitr per Square, (l? inch j?tho space of 12 solid lines or less,) for the first insertion, and Fifty Cents for each sulccfpientioscrtion. LjSF* The Commissioner's, Sheriffs, Clerk's itrd 'Jrdinary's Advertisements will be inserted in both papers, each ehauring lialf price. ?59~ Sheriff's Levies, OiH! l>oll;ir each. Cgf" iAnnouncinga Candidate, Five I>ollars. Advertising an Estrav, Two Dollars, to be paid by the Magistrate. Advertisements inserted for throe months, or 1 ,*ong?r, ut the following rules : 1 aqilftt-e !> months $5 00' 1 square 0 months 8 00' 1 square months - * 10 On I 1 square 12 months - - - - - - 12 00 ' 2 squares 3 months K 00 j 2 squflres 0 months 11 0(1 i 2 squares 1) months 18 00 I 2 squares 12 months ...... 20 no ! 3 squares 3 months 10 00 i 3 squnres f? month* 10 00 j 3 squares 9 mouths 21 00 : 3 squares 12 months ...... 25 00 ' 4 squares 3 months 12 00 i 4 squares 0 months 20 ?I0 4 qjjtlares months - 20 00 i 4 squares 12 months 30 00 j R squares 3 months 15 00 j r> squares.ti months ------ 23 00 5 squares 0 months 31 00 | G squares 12 months ...... 35 00 ! 6 squares 3 months - 2o 00 ! 0 squares C months ...... 30 00 ' fi squares 1) .months ...... 3c, no 0 squnres 12 months .... . . 411 00 ' *7 squares 3 months ...... 25 00 7 squares C months - 35 00 ' *7 crinil?*?-?? -O Ttidtnilte - A 1 jw? i 7 squares 12 months 45 00 8 squares 3 months 3o On , R squares G months - - 10 00 [ S squares 0 months -lt> 00 8 squares 12 months 50 00 | Fractions of Squares will becharged in pro- | portion to the above rates. C3T 1 insiness Curds .for the term of one 1 year, will lte charged in proportion to tlie ' space they occupy, at One Dollar per line j I ppaee. I , For all advertUemeuts set. in >louU? ml- ' tnnit. Fifty per Cent. extraVill be added to the above rates. i DAVIS ?t CREWS, J'nr Ttamirr ; j. LEE <t WILSON, For Press. i We? ?n I 11 i w ?J-'/n.min? iniiim i in | miscellany. _ - ; South Africa. ^ ! Tht. LivixIjstosk lias been giving many >1 interesting accounts of his At'rienn expuri- : once to largo ^.meetings in Manchester and j \ Glasgow. He is otio of those intrepid j ' travelers -who first enrry ihc fame of English ! 1 energy and thu honor of the English char- 1 ncter into new regions, where it io not easy I for Lis successor to redeem the promise of ;' national energy and integrity held out by \ ' such n forerunner. lie litis penetrated a , ' totally unexplored region from sea to sea. j 1 l)r. Livingstone's principal discovery j ' since exploring-, the great high-land Lake ; ' Ngatni, in the centre of lire plateau ofSouth . Africa, lias been that of the upper course <jf the Zambesi river, which flows into ihe ' | Indian Ocenn opposite the southern side of i i the islan J of Madagascar. This river lie , i bitjjsdf est<x*n?s hj? principal discovery, so f f;ir as regards at least the purposes oi com- ; | merce ; but lie lias also explored and visited ; tlie interior, and the western coast of Ango- j i la and Congo. In bis. journey to the Allantie from take Xgaui?, he was accompanied i by natives of the inland country of liarotse, ! i a little west of thjgpg.ntral district between j I sea and sea. F?m Tete, on the Lower ] > Zambesi, it bad been a long journey of more > < timn'a thousand miles to the country of < Uarotse, and when he reached it all his goods : were expended \ but the chief of that country fitted him ou^with 15 oxen and canoes nnd ,2 7 nnjn; being strongly coovinred of tliegisdomof opening up communication j with the ^-cpa| Tlieso -men acompau * j ied bim^H the JSj^lo'tioamloon the Atljyi- J tic4 ttjtl?QUt..ariy complaint' of hardship, 6r j hope ofwnjtfs ,nnd. while'there, they worked { bard i'jp edweting nil they, could - to take haul; to tlieir own coinilry Com the Tor- j "?If*3" "'"f ..v.... fever and al'tection," snys Dr. Livingstone," '*ve returned- [to Bnrotse) as poor a* \vc set fiMfc;\re wete received with (lie greatest kinwieiftTlx'enuse we IiatL opened up llie path.',?ipFNere the same chief gave hiin a | < commission, to the east coast?'the Lower: Zambesi? and.Gtted Inm out well a second time, -solefy tin the hope of having intercourse wijh t!ic white men. We Fee, then, highly** rhany of the interior tribes '.taluojnjcjcojirso with the white coast settier*. The chief of -Barotse told Dr. Livngatoncthat all" the ivory of the country was Jli?, if.jb? would only bring hiin the European flhaCbine for manufacturing the fugareane.info sugar. Barotse also produces grain,&c~., "but the sugar cane seems its ttosl viHuablo product. Thjs principal difficulty in the way of teaching this chief of Barotse, who was so ? ^ aamticmapaa' an<l liia Jrtcrlf/\rt* aaaivi* t<H| lUI VUIIIIIIV'VUt "MM ,UW ivi I IWI^ , PITIII3 to^f ihegrpAtmiinbcr of rapids in the Zambesi A!* it, ^enoend# from lng(? platenn oh wbich-Lako Ngauti He# toward* tlio Indian, Ocean, Tlte great falls of Mosiwnttinya are, jvv'p8>ton? thirty, <quite equal to' those 'a^|iori^ing?rn, |>^t vofoi"tuna(e!y are not the ,ff^rt-apids in it conrse. Above them the Zambesi is &/)0<y ?t6ti broad, and the falls them* peJvef are 108 feet jd depth passing through a deep clefl Jq the basaltic rocJfV . J3ome tytpWjQitte (M o(ib&6rgr<>Ht4 f?n# the i climate; wlitch inDaroUe and (fie. interiorfTpnArftlW Id llhtiooltlir Kny?rtmoa Mi#. ttiififlr^ n it Tfliffi!r'riSiiii if tie case with which tlie finest wheat is raised. Tlier are here, too, nine seams of coal, "lie examined one near Tcte, which was 08 inelies in diameter, the coal having been i tilted to the surface by volcanic net ion.' | He tell* us that tlie bar at llic mouth of the Zambesi would he no impediment to tr;.f- j | fieas there are 22 feet of water over it. Tcte i | is the highest point on the river much visi- j ted by Europeans. l?tit l.'r. Livingstone tells us ilmt nt Zumko, from 200 to 300 ( miles further up. the grain is twice the size it is at Tele. Tho Zambesi overflows its banks. lil;o lhe\il<? wliieli is the cause ofilm 2real fertility. There was iron, also, along j the whole course of the river. A number j of the native hoes lia<l been made into an i Enfield rifle for Dr. Livingstone in Birmingham, and the maker considered the iron very good, though not quite equal to the Russian and Swedish. Malachite was also found. The Columbia root, exported by the Portuguese of late for a dye, is also grown all along the course of the river. Marble, too was found here l?y Dr. Livingstone, within 100 miles of Tele;?the Portuguese, nevertheless being quite unconscious of its existance, soul 900 miles to Mozambique for the material of their houses. The j settlements on the western coast of Congo j and Angola are those which chiefly produce I cotton, where a certain mediocre sort grows j plentifully. Here, too, the Portuguese have j introduced the coffee. The great trade with J the natives is in wax. which iIip T?irinrrin??.n i ? " s?"% 'v ' export to Brazil for manufacture of the wax j candles used in the churches there. In An- , gola and tlie central comity of Lunda, hives | were placed every few hundred yards, even in tlio dense forests, and the natives, guided l?y the honey birds, seemed to collect every ounce of honey tliey could get, for. sale to the Portuguese. The Angola native labor seems , in a degree organised. Skilled labor is j worth 4d a day?field labour 2d a day, and j the latter may be had for Id bv paying in t I lie usual currency of llic country?calico One discovery of Dr. Livingstone's may j lurn out of very great importance?that of; ;> fibre which is said to lie stronger than j lb?x, buazr*. The natives had strung their j beads on threads made fiom buaze, and Dr. j Livingstone brought some of the root home ; with him to this country, lie gave it for j trial to Messrs I've, lirothers, in Lombard ! street, and they gave it as their opinion, I alter consulting one of.the fir-.t manufacturers . of Leeds, that tins ' fibre was finer and stronger than flax, and was worth between 50/ and GO/ a ton.'' It grows abundantly dii the north side of the Liver Zambesi. We may add, that Dr. Livingstone's cvi lence makes it an object of quite as high importance to explore the Zambesi as it ivas to exidore the Xiirer mul -i<-? <= ? I # # T " ' " *? "" ,MW ou,c | [Juverinent will give Dr. Livingstone all ( lossihle help in liis future researches. We , lo not yet know the full material value of | Dr. Livingstone's discoveries; but we trust [ ive have already learned something from his eturri to England of the moral value of laving spirits so earnest and adventurous miong our fellow-citizens. SruvcimXF. and A i.e.?-An exchange , |>tiper says: "The Physician in the House if Correction, at Lawrence, Mass., reports it . llimlcl inin/iei!ilXi -I..IS-5 yj HVHL UUIII illlll UtMlU'lIS | successfully now, in conscquencc of (he utter ' prostration of the nervous system of <lrunk- ; inls by the strychnine generally used in the ; nanufadurc ofvarious liquors." Strychuine, it is well known, lins been . iscd extensively in England, in the man-! ufaeture of malt liquors, as a substistute for !iop?, when the price of the latter, owing to diort crops bad risen enormously. In flavor the bitter of strychnine and bops is exactly similar; only that in the former it is much more intense than in the latter, and when strychnine is used by brewers, it is only to impart this bitter to the malt liquor, and not to increase its strength, or change its character. In this country, however, ami especially of late years hops are much cheaper than strychnine, the price of the "former ranging from 3 to 15 cents per lb., while tlie pri?o of the latter is $2 50 to j $3 per oz. It is not reasoablo to suppose, i ihercrcfoio, that our brewers would use such an expensive, and at the same time, danger- \ ous article as strychuine, when a cheaper ! anil better article was abudant. In regard j to the statements put forth last Spring ! that strychnine was extensively used in the 1 distillation of 8piritsfc*we are assured that j thev are utterlv witiimit fr?iinJniS..n fI _ .V,., j while strychnine cannotudd to the spirituous j strength of the liquor*, or make n bushel of! grain produce more spirits, it would render j tho product so nauseously bitter, that even i to (lie mind of the most ultra prohibitionist, i a temperance law would he cntirerely unnecessary.?Journal of Commerce. The Last Podge.?Some of the clothing shopkeepers are sharp, and no mistake. They have a way of securing sales occasionally, which savors strongly of rascality and the drop game. They place in tho coat pocket an old portinonnaie stuffed with upper. A customer comes along inquiring for such a vestment. 3*ho dealer, if lie judges his ciistomcr to .be of the right ' stripe, after essaying several coats, at last says, "Here is a coat mado for a gentleman who wore it one day and sent it back it . w?8 too small lor him?try it oil, r?Al?; it fiu first rate?like it. was made fpr you.-^ It's .well made, bullous sewed on slroug, with strong. pockets." The customer' pais his hands into the pockets to try.-them, ~ trben bis fingers comes incontfictwilh the p^k t-^ooK,., " ls.jmagin^ion is kinJUd wkb the idea of appropriating the supposed treasure. "How ranch <6d' yofr'snr tlie c^at wMl" b? ^ ^^ ^^ ' '' * '' ' ' * Secret CourtBhip. [A blind mother sets in her eottago, bfjule i her pretty daughter, nml cautious her ngninst ! love. when nil the time, nti amatory peene is I going < " between tl?^ nii-l nml the very Jovcr I whom the oh! dame dreads.] Daughter, while you turn your wheel j Listen to the words I say ; Colin has eontrived to steal Your unthinking heart away. Of hi* fawning voice beware. You are all the blind onv'd eare, And I ninrk your sighs whene'er Our young neighbor's iiaine is heard. Colin's tongue is falsi;, though winning? llistl the window is uiiburred ! Ah! l.izvtto, you are not spinning! The room is close and warm, you say : Hut my daughter, do not peep Through the easement?night and dnv, Colin there his watch doth keep. Think not mine a grumbling tongue : Ah. here at my breast you hung; like you, was fair and young, And 1 know how apt I? love To lead the youthful heart, to sinning? Hist! th'e door?I heard it move 1 Ah, Lizettc, you are not spinning ! It is a gust of wind, you say, That hath made the hinges grale ; And 1113- poor old growling Trav, Must, you break for that his pate ? Ah, my child, put faith iu me; Age permits me to forseu Colin soon will faithless be, Ami your love In nit abyss Of grief will be the sad beginning? IMes* me ! pure I heard n kiss! Ah Lizcttc, you arc not spinning! 'Twas your little bird you say, (iuve that tender kiss just, now ; Make hitn cease his trilling, pray, lie will rue it else I vow. Love, 1113* girl, often biingeth pain, Shame mid sorrow in his train, | While the false, successful swain, Seornes the heart, he has ln-guiled From true vietorie's pnlli to Binning? Hist! I hear you move, my child! Ah, Lizctle you are not spinning! You wish to take the air, yon say: Think yon, daughter, believe you? IJid young Colin go his way, Or, at oticc, as bride receive you ! Let hitn go to elinrch and there Show his purpose to be fair; LSut, till then, beside 1113" chair You must know, my girl, nor heed All his vows, so foml and winning; Tangled in love's Web, indeed? Lizette, niv dntighther, mind your spinning I Am Poison.?People have often said that no difli'ience can he detected in the an- j alyzatii 11 of pure and impure nir. This is one of the vulvar errors difficult to dislodge from the vulgar brain. The fact is tlint the condeir-ed nir of a crowded room gives a deposit, which, if allowed to remain a few nays, lorms a solid, thick glutinous mass, I having a strong odor of animal matter. If examined by tlio microscope, it is seen to undergo a remarkable change. First of all, it is converted into a vegetable growth, and I this is followed by the production of multitudes of animalcules; a decisive proof that it must contain certain organic matter, otherwise* it could not nourish organic beings. This was the result arrived at by Dr. Angus Smith in his beautiful experiments on the Air and Water of Towns, where he showed how the lungs and skin gave out organic matter, which is in itself a deadly poison, producing headache, sickness, disease, or epidemic, according to its strength. Why, if "a few drops of the liquid matter, obtained by the condensation of the air of a foul locality, introduced into the vein of a dog, can produce death l>v the usual phenomena of typhus f?ver," what incalculable . evils must not it produce on those human being5; who breathe it again ami again, rendered fouler and less capablc of sustaining life with every breath drawn ? Such contain inntion of the air, and consequent liotj bed of fever and epidemic, it is easily within j the power of man to remove. Ventilation i and cleanliness will ? do all, so far as the abolition'of this evil goes, atid ventilation nnd cleanliness are not miraclea to be prayed for, but certain results of common obedience to the laws of God. Dipping into the Gkavv.?We, were not long since much amused bv a couple of Hoosier girls who came on board the steain cr ni. ine nine town 01 mount Vernon, Ind. They had evidently never been a thousand inilos from home, and were making their first trip on a steamboat. The elder one was exceedingly talkative, and perfectly free and unconcerned^ without rpgard (o the many eves that were scantling her movements. jThe other was of the opposite turn of mind, inclining to bafthfulness. At > dinner onr ladie* were honored with a seat at the head of the table, and the elder one, with her usual independence, cut her bread into small pieces, and with her fork reached over i.nd enrolled vacli mouthful in. the.nice dressing on n plate of lw.?-fstnko before her. (Tllo passenjgirs pr<Js?nr?1 Clieir gravity during tlio operation by dint 6f g^t effort, Perceiving that her; sister ya? not very forward in helping herself, she turned round to her And exclaimed loud enough 4crK? heard 4^y lirtTf (he lhb\e?uSardip (n((f"ttie dtaxy WWW. miuh ds Mt/toWC' '1 Ins was .followed by a general four, iti which the captain led off. The girlo orri- j ed at: thefr plflce of deatinatio# before ?Upmg&ito&am *^ ^ ^ I "I - * . '; Kta&txa Tavern,?It is pencrally mi- 1 | derstood tluit taverns arc established for | l tlie accommodation of travelers. And it is j | not tin frequent that we seen shingle stuck ! I out, on which is written "Entertainment j j for man and beast." We have often thought > : of a case of "tavern keeping" which we wit- ; j m-sscd in the State of Maine : | While a student at Watersville, am! he-; : fore steamers plied between that town nnd 1 Agitata, on the Kennebec- river, we took I 1)!ISn:i<ti' mi nno /if !<? "rt"t ? ! t V..V '? ??V? tl??W UUlll^ IU j ?.l<?\vii the river. When noon nirived and j we wore about opposite the old stage tav- j ! ern kept by Smiley, on the river road in \ ! Sidney, we fastened the bout to the shore j j and went up to get something to eat. We j i were disappointed however, for the hind- ( 1 lord siiiil they had nothing evoked;' if j j we would wait, we should have something, | 1 Ibr some bread was baking in the oven. | Just at that moment, two gentlemen j drove up in a chase, and railing for refresh- ; mejit, the following dialoiige greatly amuse- ; , . ? O O J , ed ns: Landlord, give us a little brandy." "We have no brandy," replied mine host. "Some gin, then." "We have no gin." "Well, some rum then, or any other spirits." "We have no kind of spirits in the house." ! "What in the thunder have you then to drink ?" "We have some molasses nnd water." "Well, if we can't get anything to drink, ! givo nur tior^u enmu o:its." "We are out of oats." j "Some corn will do." "We have no corn at this time." l!y ibis time the cellar got rather warm- j ed up, and with a pretty round oath he exclaimed, "Well, you of course keep hay : give the horse n little of that while we stop." j "I should like to accommodate von," replied the landlord, "but \v? Imve nn !...? ? - - ??V ' just now; but our folks arc mowing." "What in the name of do you , keep?'1 cried the astonished and exasperated traveler. "We keep tavern, sir," was the reply. And then we roared. Since then, we have never seen a large sign swinging in frount of a country Inn, i without saying to ourself, we wonder if j that man keeps tavern." An Onn ITsk fob iivmn* Books.?A re- . view of li ving's Life of Washington has the following anecdote: The capitulation of Charleston was a sc- I rinus blow to the American cause, hut the ( I iritish commander too rapidly calculated: that it implied the full subjugation of the South. An ordinary enemy mi^ht have j been disheartened, but every volunteer in the American army was an extraordinary i man. and stood to his colors with extraordi- ' nary tenacity. Among the bravest was j Caldwell, tlio Presbyterian minister, who 1 was wont in former years to discourse with I a pair of pistols on his pulpit cushion, whom the Tories My led a "blackcoated rebel firebrand," and the patriots "a rousing (impel j preacher."?His wife was murdered during \ tlie saek of a village by the Uritish, when i Knyphansen was marauding the Jerseys. , At the fight of Springfield Caldwell dealt retribution upon his foes. ; 'None showed more ardor in the fight than Caldwell the chaplain. The imaife of his murdered wife was l>efore his eyes. Finding the men in want of wadding, he galloped to the Presbyterian church and brought thence a quantity .of Watt's psalm and hytnn books, which he distributed for the purpose among the soldiers. "Now,"cried, 1 lie, "put Watts into them, boys!" Senator from Tennessee.?The Cour icr says: "The Tennessee Legislature lias elected ' Andrew Johnson to n sent in (he Senate of j I he United Slates, now occupied by. lion. James C. Jones. Johnson is the leaders of ! his party in that State, and in many res- j peels a very remarkable man, lie began life as a mechanic, and had almost reached years of discretion before he obtained the rudiments of an edurvition. But when he had once embarked in political life, his advancement wasexceedingly rapid.' Asa member of the Legislature, the National House of Representative*, and Governor of the State, he has been distinguished for energy nnd determination. Tie pushes the .doctrines of Dvsmxiracy to their extremes, and goes for giving all the power of the Stale and country as directly a? possible into the hands of the dear people.' His election of course settles the business for Gen. Pillow, whose late manifesto will bo altogether pi;ofltleWf except in so-far as notoriety u concerned An'TkON OlRDRlt UniDOE OVER TUB Nl- . AOAjtA.?The, tUi l.way,Guide ?aya tfiat the Directors of. tite Great Western-. Railway Gompany have now determined opon immediately /roctipg' fln irou bridpf on tlio tabnJarorgirHerbrincipleover the Niagara river; tho present LriJgo. owing to the slow.rate of Rpeed nt>which (rains - canbe permitted to eros* H; being: duite Inadequate to1 meet the ren uitem^rtti'of the enormous traffic daily P?Wg o?AT; fronjjtfKTheV q^.is between, $500,000 and $750,000, At present ibe rat* of spoed must not eXeeetltwo 1 miles nn hour, but with 1 lie new bridge forty fojle* WJiour, but with the new bridge iorjy mile* ran with perfeet Bi?fty? It >5 contomplatni to be ready ' for opening in ths <ionr*e of next *?mmer,, thrf tMti ?f th*4HMMI : wW^w^ujrV Jt'S4 j Turning the Switch ; OK now Wtl.LIAM I.. M AttCY IlKCAMK A MAN. I IIY Ll't'lW M. SARfiKNT. ITow much excellent material lias boon wns- ; i ted. ami uttcily spoiled,by unvkillful lingers ! i This ejaculation is nol less applicable to t inanimate matter than (o mind and heart. < IIow many a boy of the part and excellent natural disposition, whom accident has i thrown upon the wrong track, and given a ' | falsij dircctin, has been ruined forever bv i absurd mismanagement, and for the want of < a judicious and friend I v Iminl in Inm ilw. I switch ! | < This is n short preface to n short story. | l which interested m<i when I heajd it, mail)' fl vears ago, nnd which a recent event has ; | freshened np in my memory. I cannot re- , i member the year?it was loner ago?that I i passed I he night under the hos|>it ;il>1c roof' 1 of the Hon. Salem Townc, of Charlton, in I the County of \\ urccster. As we sat to- , get her, in the evening. and were speaking ' i of education and schools, Mr. Towne itnformed me that, about tin; year 1800, lie' taught a school iti the south-western distiict of ('harlton. As iuhahitatit of Sturbridgo, the adjoining town, had a son, of whose ' ^ abilities and general character he appeard ' " to entertain a low estimate, and of whom ' ? lie spoke to Mr. Towne disparaginglv, as a < hf?v who gave him trouhle. Mr. Towne. ' notwithstanding this paternal forewarning, consented to rceeive the lad on probation. On the evening of the first day, the school agent came to the teacher, and told that . the h?v wns n bad boy, and would disturb the whole school, and must be turned out. The accent, very probably, received his ' impression from the judicious parent, who seems to have maihf no secret of his opinions. Mr. Towne rejected this hasty counsel, j and informed the agent that he should keep a watchful eye upon the lad, and that he thought it would bo time cnonght to turn him out of school when lie made any disturbance, and'that lie was entitled to a fair trial. When the boy came, for the first time, to recite his lesson, and had got- J ten through, Mr. Towne told him to shut up j his book. lie did so, but instantly recoiled and dodged his head, as if he expected a J blow. The boy replied that he supposed he should be beaten ; and being asked if he had been accustomed to such usage, he teplied in the aflirmative. Mr. Towne then quieted his alarm, and assured him that lie n liatl nothing to fear, if lie conducted himself I well, and encouraged him by com mend in<r j I his recitation : and was so impressed by '1 the bad's manner of receiving this npproha- | lion, that he ventured to say to him, "I be v leive you are a good boy." These words '| not only entered the ear?they reached the v heart. I will not adopt the strong expres- | sion which I once heard from the lips of a J i very intelligent Jesuit, and say that the teacher 4-ha?l found a master key to th.t f sotd of his disciple but, from that hour, lie \ had effectually turned the switch. That j r beautiful appeal, "My son. give me thv , heart," had not been thu? silently made in j j vain. The lad told his associates that nl- ; i thoucrh others said he was a had bov. Mr i Towne tul-1 liim he beli.ved lie? was a good } f hoy, and he was Mire lie wished to be a o gd.-fi hoy. | Not long after, the school n<;ent came ; p again. and earnestly required tlisit this bov j f should he dismissed from the school. ' r With this request Mr. Towne refused to | comply; and said that he "liked the np. | t pearance and conduct of the boy, and t though that, with some little illustration of f the law of kindness,r$|le would make him. \ t self known in the world as a useful citizen." j J Tim youth contiued to attend the school 1 | daily, and steadily, nnd profitably, for two : | Winters. At the close of the second Win- ! v tor, the father came to Mr. Townc, and s said : " I till says that yon say I mint send : e him to college, and have him fitted with a a private family, not an academy." -i The father inquired of Mr. Towne what < he had seen in Hill to justify the idea of t sending him to college. j ^ ' I see," said Mr. Towne, "a boy that you ; i will hear from in after life." j s Mr. Towne recommended the Ilor. Mr. ! c Lyman, of Connecticut, as an instructor, j ji This course was followed; the hoy went to ' t eollege, and the predictions of his kind and <] judicious, primary teacher have been veri- i i fied?the buy w?k heard from in afler lift;! i I After having filled many fictions of the , very first importance in our country, and ; r passed tho seventieth milestone in the path 1 of man, from the cradle to the grav??, he i* ; a numliercd with tlie dead?that Sturbiidgc . (j hoy, William L. Marey, is nn more! Upon [ 9 the tidings <?f M?. Marcy's decease. I had a ! 1 wish to tell this interesting story to the world, j.s Unwilling to. trust entirely ,t<j my memo-1' ry. I addressed a letter to my fra-ml, General j 1 Towne, and communicated that w?*h to '* him. Ilis reply is now before'inc, >n which ( be savp: ju ? > 1 ^JLMeasc say as little of m<i as yo'u'can. It " can only l?e said that, a boy, who had Been r unfortunately dealt with, hnpipehded to c become a pupil of mine ;^md 1 hap'ppniTe^l c Votl'iBcoycr thpt he was a lad qf a .noble j mind, and that proper., ..direction and a j cbrfngeof policy :-fonly were necessary to' f m*K? mm a man, whom mrmenc*might, in n i 1 Mmr iwi.N*YiQg?^ I ,?$ #flffrr 4 God, Mij.-Mnwy j* n* deeply indebted tp Ijb i*' 1 kind, considemto friend lor llms' turning llie I Jg^Pj ' . / . ' . . -? ' lowiip, wlttFMore present, inquired of Mr. Marry liow he and Townc had become so intimate; upon which Mr. Marc? replied, pointing towards Genera! Townc," He made mo?whatever I had attained I owe to him." "That," rejoined the Governor," requires <oino explanation." Mi. M an y then proceeded, in his happy | manlier, ami in the presence of th6 com-I p:iitv, who had become interested ill the | recital, to narrate the story of his day of small tilings?his eailv discouragements? liis (iist recitation, before the teacher of tlie tillage school in Charlton?how, expecting !o be cuffed as usual, he bad dodged from lie anticipated blow?the teacher's surprise? the effect upon bis young heart of the list words of commendation be had ever eecived?the stirring of all his good pur kws upon hearing, for the first time in liis ife, that he was believed to bo a "good boy." "Yes."said Mr. Macv, "Townc made ne Profession and Practice of Law. It KM IN ISC E X 0 K IIV TUB IIOX. O. II. SMITH. I yield this sketch at tlie request of iny rounir friends to ilie legal profession : Willi some preparatory study ami thirtyleven years' practice in the courts of tlie ^tatc and of the United Stales, it may be (resumed lliat the subject I touch is somctvliat familiar to me, and as the title of the ketches indicate that, they are more or less lirected to the bar. this will bo considered is appropriate. The profession of the law s of high import ami of great responsibility uvolving more for deep reflection and tnaure consideration before it is entered into lian any other. Whv is it that so many >f the profession fa!) l?y the wayside ? Why :i> many hsingeis on to the skirts of the proession ? Why so many who never reach i medium position at the bar? Why so e\v who acquire wealth and fame in tlie irofession f These arc important questions n which the young man designing to make lie law his profession, the father who liinks of the profession for his son, the rating professional man, and even the more iged practitioner, is more or less interested It is not generally understood that the profession of the law is one of the most laHirioiis that man was ever engaged in ; i lint tlie proper preparation of the mind for ! inineiit success is found only in the few, md when found with the proper habits, in- ! egrit v and industry, success will as certain- j v follow as that effect will follow cause, i "liorc never was a greater error in fact Imn (lint committal by devoted parents tlien selecting professions for their sons, 'lie most feelilc, the tendercst, and those dio are supposed to he imahlc to struggle ihysindly with the out-door labors of otlier irofessions, trades, occupations and husinesss, are consigned to the seclusion of a' provisional office. My experience and obser ation teach me that all such should ho diccted ill their youth to some active outloor employment, trade or avocation, givng constant exercise to the body and nind. The student nt law cannot have oo firm a constitution : his chest and lungs annol be too much expanded ; his voice atinot be too clear and strong, nor Ilia icaltli too good. If he practice the profi-si??r. only half so long as I Have he will ind that he will have uso for all the bodily inalificutions I have named. Good common sense is essential. It is lie foundation upon which the siiperstru<?* mi- wi V:uih;.IUUII ujii*i rt-M , JUKI f II II IS 06eotive.you may build the superstructure to | lie skies :uhI it will crumble and fall. If j Mature has not tlnne her part to make the j iiwyer, in vain will lie struggle, to sink at j :ist in some other profession or avocation vhieh Nature has designed him for. The Indent should haven good 6ound English duration; he should spell well, read well, mil understand the principles of arithmetic ind English grammar. The higher branch's may ho added, but I do not hold that in his country a knowledge oftho dead Ianbinges and n familiarity with the classics s essential to the student, nor even to his ucccss as a prnctioner, although I do not ihjecl to their study where a favorable oplortunity hasltcen afibrded ; but I do mean 0 say that I have known many graduates if colleges who wore so deficient in the '>ngli?h department of their education as to >o disqualified for students in my office. A fine looking yonng^mnn called Uflpn ne one day, desiring to study law with me. inquired of him as to his education. I mi a graduate of an eastern college ; I tin 1 * I I . T ll'raililKI iwuui, uirvh imu uvuieiT f a tood number two in ft large clans of gradlales." ''Do rou ppell well f" "I presume pt I'jjt I never thought mucli of that." Spell balance." 4,lhd-lance." '*Thnt will tot do. Do you rend well V* "Certainly." Read this." -My name isXorval on the Grampian hills."* What Was It is nrittie off \ ho Grampian hills I Doyotr write well ? 'No, I never could write .uracil; indecJ, 1 lever fried to learn. Oi^r great men .East \ an scarcely,write their name# so (Jiat titer I an bo njiul." "Let ine tee you write, '| Je scrnU-hed off some caricature* IflokiW 1 i ko f^reeV" or t u rkey t rat-ka.' "That flr'lfaf- i fcicnt: vonr education ? iinffeVf^ct'fpr ?j i fnwyer"; the'tftyld J)?Wua^ fnfc/W'dw- * >ch?ed fcffli; l>t*r fcpelfe{ ?? *nj vritingcnnn ot be.'r Ii^*riM,'lriht to- go o'btio Motif fcortrmofi "?cb'<>6Ja if>d begin \ .t.. _ n?,l' h?Wsi?Ki *u>t , lis rawwiun IPVW 9 " J**- ' lOalWVT.r?n?*lf fori t>6 sftttfy nttf llfekw.^ ' j - *Flfe -?%>- I ?M#ff ffato ifi' the life of the ? "W W thiols* that i IMfes -Hi rtfi, tl|ftt> h ia'ttjtdjni j! btaL ' . * . ' % ' r profession, that he i? just entering j/jK>n hisstudies that are never to en?I but. with liW"^ life, tliat he will bo every day better nod-' better qualified to read and understand ,^r". may wim proper nnuiin anu persevjopaigrtt*rise high in liis" profession* After , seven years of reading and practice,f .feet that I am, as it were, juafctbegionig to - learn h my profession. - ' . The student *511 leatri as lie 6V?toh^ 5 courts and begins to try his cases that lw,V learning of the books alone Vill not utJ*' fain bim without a knowledge of the vrorht.' of men/md tb\n?s: He wiI^hRtfot>cc?ft{?fl every day to draw.upon outside knowledge* and to bring to bear tlie cfr^tflstftnceiilbdbgtvsurround liim upOivthe caSS&of Id# He should come to bis efi*>e thorolighJy h? pared with the facts and the law, as both court and jury are ignorant of'his case. Ho should t>e ready to place it fairly ami truly before then). To do thjfc hi# library" should bo looked to as t6' tb'6 lav?, and a\S client should be examined and' oross-exani- ^ ined as to the faets, and then itfild respSnsible if-he should h'ftve stated them too vorably to himself, as too many will " Tlie lawyer should maintain the * strictest integrity and the nicest sense of honor, llis character is his capital. No personal curity is required oft him* by- the public * His faith, his honor stand pledged,, and "?if^ once violated is bankrupt, and Ins profeseion only points to his disgrace*. '4 A young lawyer lias it in his -power M> surround himself with friends or cut turn*, self off from the sympathy of his brethren/If in his intercourse, his arguments, hiacompetitions with the other members of,the buffo lie treats them with the respeet and kind-... ncss lie would like them to observe towards* him, it will be reciprocated, and fiiif ptv tice will pass smoothly nnd pleasantly *on. The golden rule applies with great force to. the bar. The members are perhaps loft* sentltive, always ready to repel supposed aggression, and frequently disposed,to car-1 ry the war further i.hnn tjlic ocdasiofl rants. Hut let the practioner assume tWe character of the hyena, and he will frittays find that there are lions nnd tigers in the. menagerie as well as those of his species. The groat point to be -5?Dnsi<kred before empannuljng the jury is to make tip tb? true issue, to try the merits of your cUse/Yd ? . which your evidence is applHutUe.so a# to give your client the frrin&ocfll of his cnttse ? of action nnd defence. The rigfit of ^aT-" lenge of jurors for cause will of CbU(4fe.4M? seen to by th<*practiooer. The pergmp&pir ry challenge nlthougji a valuable rlghfc* * cliiinlil lin nvAfoiuAil tuilK ?Tra-j. one case my client went to the penjtentia?y '* bccause I peremptorily challenged only juror that knew the prosecuting Wttn?? and would have saved my client, who Wait afterwards clearly shown to be innogMit** &' challenged the juror bccause I thought did not like ine. I had arguf? against him. At another time I ttyd t%?l. '' the jurors; !hoy were standing up to*bd??sworn, when I saw one of th'irq'ici^lf'at the~ opposite party. I challenge^, aa4~ feared afterwards that I had aaywTtbe Ca^f of my client by it. r\ y In qucationingt.md crc^g-ffif^s^tf^h^irHnesses counsel frequently rfft great injtJ?ti?? to the witness without in ^fre -least benefit* ting the cause. The jurfc fa camp men in afl respects like the wltnew^nttdif liis character stands unimpeachod th^y- nre disposed to give him credit for a dispo^kidH to toll the truth, uuleM they sqo his potion . or motives would lead him tp gidft of the parties, A lawyer irt considerately looks upon the witness stforrtf on tiacf of his adversary as hostile of fife client, and attacks him in a manner tcicc, and withal i i i_? ? UIUUMIIIU U5CICKJ ^UQ9UUII9 pVlliJIV OIJUWUIJJ to the jury the Bt Ate of mind of.lh&jfrwyer, to the prejudice of the cause of ^fioot. As a general rule there are toqjhafiy {foe*- * tions naked the witness, depending ft^onrthtf . clearness or obscurity of the legaf tA. the attorney. He who 6ees his caseclenity can put his questions tolhe wftnfiss-so as to come directly to the point iu iss dT I have known ma Ay cases lust by*, Counsel c(oe*>. questioning their own witnesses after the case was made-out. In crfmmal casaa/ffct*, ing on cireomsfaMia?endencef4 hare never found it difficult to point to the real criminal, wherever prcscnce, motive ihxl opportunity combine# * . .. 7 w, ?' A Rrcm'b Watrrif Ost Trto'u8AX0 Tfofc ; * lars.?Take one pound of soda an<2*!rfti?t pound of unslacked lime,. put jfcem is a gallon of water,-and let them boil; tir4fl?* minutes; let it stand- U0 cocrf }tb&'dra&j&i off and put it in a stone jug or jaft $rty. clothes ever ntghf,- until wet through; then wriiytbemffut a?? ? on plenty of Map, add one' Uvpownplf the trashingfluid: Bo?t half 41* bobr britMfc then ?ns(i ilietu ftttrfougbly througfl ojfe- ' kuJs, rinse well through two ivateraf ( your clothes will look better than the old way of washing twice fceforo boiling.' !%{* ' receipti< invaluabl p, arffl everv poor tirat} llff ia'a!a4 I* . a V #