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Canada arid the Niagara Suspension , Bridge. At the request of several of our readers, we republish the following letter which originally appeared in the columns of the Due West T<lttcopr, It is quite an interesting sketch, and we have no doubt will be read with pleasure by our patrons: n t r i? ? itev. j. m. aonner :?.?y wear Sir : J We arrived in "Old Abbeville" again on j Thursday the 21st instant, after nn absence ! of about seven months. We left 1 *etroit in the State of Michigan one week previously, to wit, on Thursday morning the 14th of August, and travelled through Canada over the Great Western Kailway 230 miles to Niagara Falls crossing Niagara river below the Falls on the Suspension Bridge. The country through Canada differs, "toto catto" fmiry nnv tiltt.'i fliot T flii'iif n*-nviA??clt' t ...... ...... - ....V conceived of it. I had supposed that it was n bleak, barren, out of the way region, but I assure you that it is one of the finest farming regions, 1 have ever seen, and if the blighting influence of Queen Victoria's gov- j eminent was removed from it, or rather if it bad the genial influences of ours thrown over i(, I hesitate not to say that it would surpass any of the rich fanning country of NVestern New York. After leaving Detroit, or rather Sandwich, (which is on the ; Canada side of Detroit river and directly ! opposite IK'troit) about five miles we pass ! over the richest I'rairio it has ever been our i urovince to see. This 1'rairie extends about ' .'50 miles along tlic Kail road ami on either ! >ide as far as Ulcere can roach for a considerable part of that distance. Parts of this vast l'rairie had been planted in Wheat, Oats, ; Oorn <tc., and the matured as well ns tint | growing crop afforded abundant evidence of j >ts exceeding richness. After leaving this I 3)rairie we passed through a large body of i timbered lands which will compare favorably ' 'with the rich timbered lands of Illinois and ! Indiana : indeed the wholeconntry is an exceedingly Interesting one. The Railway is a fine one and is in fine condition, and when your readers are informed that the distance from New York to Detroit by Railroad is yiTH and I bat n tbrnmrb Tii*ki?t. !k rnir. aliased for thirteen dollars, perhaps some of j them mav he induced to take the trip ; it ; is worth the money to see the bridge. There ! is an arrangement on the Great Western J Railway that we have never befote seen, al though it is said to be common in England. ! We tdlude to the Rotary Lamps which are i placed in sight of each other throughout the entire length of the Road. These lamps have four faces and each face a light of a different colour, as, for instance Red, White, <>reen and Blue, each one representing different conditions of the track or other important information. Now snpposinga part of the track is torn-up or a bridge is swept ?\vwt\, in ri mtviuwinc iinu?ii mliuw iii?: i track which it is imposibleto remove at once, j the nearest lamp sound.* the note of alarm; by exhibiting a red light and tho next lamp ! takes it up and thus it parses on until the coming train is warned of "danger ahead," nnd is continually on the "lookout." If the injury or damage is repaired before tho expected train arrives another light is exhibited and extended which gives the inforinn> fion that " all is right" and the engineer lets on steam and resumes his former speed. These lamps are attached to iron rods some twenty feet high, which are supported bv large posts and are instantly turned by a crank at the bottom. This arrangement must subject the company to a heavy item of expense, but human life is valuable, and a general "smash up*' on a Iiailroad also coats something. The Railroad suspension Bridge nt Niagara Falls, Mr. Editor, Is worth seeing and riding over I assure you, and it seems to us i that no man or woman can ride over it, no ' mauer now neavy me train lie is upon without feeling that hejs entirely safe.?I had in chargo my wife and two children and not one of us felt the slightest trepidation in passing over that gigantic structure. Tlie bridge, you know, Mr. Editor, is built of wire ; it has a span of eight hundred and twenty-two feet, and the Railway track is Iwo hundred and fifty feet above the water. It is supported by four cables made of twisted wire, the diameter of each being ten inches, and the number of wires in the bridge is four thousand miles, and the entire weight of the bridge is one million six hundred and seventy eight thousand seven hundred and twenty-two pounds. The whole bridge is supported by four towers, two on each side of the river built of massive rock dowelled and cemented together, so that they are as firm as Gibralter itself. These Towers are sixteen feet square at the base and eight feet at the top, eighty-two feet high from the ground, and sixty" feet high above the Railroad track. My little son and myself stood upon the hindmost platform of the hindmost car, and I examin-1 I'd closely to see whether there was nny vibration whatever and could not discover the slightest. It is the most-magnificent structure I ever beheld and is well worth a journey across the Atlantic to see it, to My nothing of the Falls of which I attempted a discription in a former number of our Paper. "We stopped 14 honrs at the Falls, arrived in Albany on Friday at 4 o'clock P* M. and remained till Monday morning ; / arrived in New York on Monday at 10 A. M- left the great Emporium at 6 P. M. and arrived in Columbia S. C. in ,precisely 48 Jiours from New York hy Railroad all of the WAV ovnontinw ^ ?j ,,*nu ,Tiiwmgton vjny 10 l Acqnia Creek, 55 miles. For general inforv-'tt. mation I will add that a traveller .can dine in Detroit on the fourth day after leaving here, .that the di'stance is 4655 miles and ih*t tlfe Railroad Fare w forty dollars. I. 13. - ^ l - 1 Tnr- Lbuox Slave Care.;?The Lemon case did not come on at New- York Wednesday. Nobody appeared, for the State of^Virpnia' and the council of the Stute of New York mgped to dismiss the appeal.? ttuuaequentiy, however, Mr. O'Conner Bppoured for the State of Virginia, and the case being reinstated was to have been heard Thursday. ? Air Lis# .Uail'hoad.?Tho estimated , cost of this'road, which is connect Atlanta Ga. with Anderson, is $1,500,000. The 'una of $500,000 has been subscribed, and thfi work will be commenced when $550, i 000 more has been subscribed. Its- completion is now regarded as one of the "fixed facta" of this progressive aire. <1 > Tne Freshet in Missopu.?The accounts trom the southeastern part of Missouri state great destruction-to property had beeu c<nmed Jjy tha recent; unprecedented rise of water in that part of the State. . Death or a State Sesatqu.?Co!, N. A, Peay, Stato Senator from Fairfield district, di^J on the 20th ult. i ' I Li - THE INDEPENDENT PRESS U TUBUSUKD EVERT FRIDAY MORNIKO BT LEE A WILSON. W. A. LEE, Editor. Individual*, like nation.t, fail in nothing ichich A '</ boldly attempt, tpAm itutlaitted by virtuoH* I u--/io*e, art'1 deter mined resolution.?Hknkt Clay. " M't'rtthy to pratie, yet not afraid to blame." Terms?Two Dollars a Tear, in Advance. ABBEVILLE O H. FRIDAY, - * - -"VlAUCU 13, 1857. qgg Advortisnmoiits. AVc tronld direct attention to the advertisement of W. 11. McKellnr, Surgeon Dentist; Tlioa. II. Cochran, F. P. Kobertaon and others. Major Cton?ral's EUotion. Our popular young Representative, Col. A. M. Smith, was on the 25 ult, elccted without opposition. Major General of the 1st Division S. C. Militia, vice Gen. S? McGoWan resigned. The Ycrkvillo Enquirer. .tojrph II. Black, Ksq., has been associated witli Messrs. J. L. Miller and S. W. Melton in the proprietorship and editorial management of this nblo journal. The Enquirer is one of our host exchanges, and is always welcomeWe extend our best greetings to our new broil..... ..r <!.<. ...... ~...i ?? High Prices. At the recent list ale sole of the lnte TI109. It. Ilynl of Greenwood, we lenrn that everything ?ok! nt very high prices. Corn brought $1 per hushel ; cotton seed from 20 to 91 cents; milk cows from $20 to $30 eneb ; n couple of fine hulls sold for $50 npencc ; young mules from $180 to $225 ; nlso every variety of plouths nnrt plough stocks ut high prices. The terms of sale were a crcdit of twelve months. A Sad Accident. We lrnrn Hint Jesse Beiizk-y, n student at Cireonwood, wns nceideutally killed by the discharge of n shot gun on Saturday morning In^t. lie had been bunting on the preceding lny ; nnd on the morning of bis denth, was in the house, nnd it is supposed that whilst loading the gun, it wns accidentally discharged, the contents passing through his head. The jury of inquest found a vcrdict, in accordance with the nbove facts. The Young Men's Christian Association. Quite an able nnd interesting essay was dclivcred on Tuesday night last, before the Association, by Mr. Stephen C. DeBrubl, on the elinr/lpfpr nf finnlnnii Hnnnn.!.!- - , ?1iu 11 spirited discussion ensued, in which Dr. Togno, Mr. J. A. Calhoun and other* participated. The attendance was large and much interest was ninuifcstcd. The establishment of a Reading Room in connection with the Association is contemplated as soon as practicable. Capt. Thomas Petigrn. We record a:i\*s, the Charleston Courier with deep regret, the sudden decease of his gallant officer, late a Commander in the U. 9. Navy. lift was. nt. Wriwhinr*f.ftn fSft* , - = J t on Monday last, with a severe quinsey, or affection, similar, it is said, to that which bereft our State of the lamented Brooks. Although he rallied, and strong hopes were entertained of his recovery, lie died, about 5 o'clock, on Friday morning last. lie entered the Navy, as a midshipman, in 1812, aad was nliout 60 years of age, at llic time of his death. Capt. I I'ctigru was one of those, who suffered most unjustly, under the star chamber action of tho j Into Navy Board?and ha# gone, to the grnve, 1 ere the tardy justice of his country had re versed lite unmerited edict of a tribunal, at wnr, both in its organization and mode of proceeding, with the spirit of our institutions.? llis presence, in the national capital, was doubtless connected with his appeal for restoration to his country's service. An Executor a Oocd Witness to a WilL The Charleston papers contain the recent decision of the Court of Errors id the case of "Noble, Ex'or, ve. Burnett, et. al.," from this District, which determines the question, that n VYa/>nfnn ?a a ?aa.1 *-?* ?.2*? ?? .... MM<.V1IWI w mm gyvu UVlVSblll^ niiUCD9 VV U will, disposing of real or personal property. Tlie whole court concurred with the exception of O'Nenll, J. and Dunkin, C., who delivered dissenting opinions. The decision in the ense overrules the ense of Workman vs. Dominick, which decided that an Executor was an incompetent witness to a will of personalty, and the case of Taj-lor vs. Taylor in which it was held that au Executor was incompetent to attest a will disposing of real and personal property, but is in conformity with the decision in the cnae of Cannon vs. Setter, in bo far as its places nil Executor upon the same ground with a legatee, and holds that his is equally a bene fieial intercHt, made void by the Stat. Goo. 2, and therefore not affecting his competency. Whether the Stat, of Geo. 2, makes void the oflice a* well as the commissions of the Executor, of the Exccutor, has not been expressly decided, though the impression of the Court i> in favor of the affirmative. The Circuit opinion xr?* tlmr?f<irA ?- ?' - ? J -? w.v. iviipu VU U1V IJVUUUU UI | error in excluding the testimony of Edward C. Martin, the attesting witness and the case remanded for a now trial. The New Oabinat. Alter the innumerable surmises as to the probable constitution of the Cabinet, conjecture has at last given place to certainty, and we are enabled to present the following list, of Mr. Buchanan's constitutional advisers : Wasimnoton, March 7, 1857. Tlio Cabinet has been confirmed, and is composed of the following gentleman n?n T-? Cass, of Michigan, Socretary of State ; Hon. Howell Cobb, of Georgia, Secretary of the Treasury ; ex-Governor J. B. Floyd, of Vir. ginin, Secretary of War ; Hon. Isaac Toucey, of Connecticut, Secretary of the Navy ; lion. Jacob Thompson of Mississippi, Secretary of the Interior ; Judge Black, of Pennsylvania, Attorney. General ; end ex-Governor A. V. Brown, of Tennessee, Postmaster General. A correspondent of the New York Tinut pays the following compliment to Gen. Cass Howell Gdbb^, "The advanced age of Mr Case does not prevent die enjoying that clear use of tfSrfaealties' which his enemies sometimes deny him. Hi?balitta have always been ?-egul*r; aud his temperance, even to abstinaneo, hay for'year* beea remarkable. He ftdblre^-to the ctnioto of walking! t great deal as. f |ftr?Tei^%; ^ corpulency and ?>xl>ibiCs uuither the desire nor . the tcudci dy to luting laid upfcn the sjieflT formapy a day yoU'* Auuming tbaiir. Cobb u to K? pj^eed ?i the head of (beTrM^piy u4|tj writer pay# lUa ^>npii#|iit. to th|t i geottemmnV ' "M?k uttii?a to u?rtpi*p$4?*e4 integrity Ited Attncb*wci1t"W#tlie Wade, #nd | .'A " ^ "4 * ' * . y r u ^ . ... . >,..v * at) acquaintance in dctnil with the wants of the commercial community, which make it in every way desirable that their interest should be intrusted to liis hands, lie is in the full vigor of health, and is endowed with ati energy and industry which brought to bear daring the next four years, cannot but be productive of incalculable benefit to the country." The New Treaty with Mexico. According to the statement of letter writer* the Treaty recently negotiated with the Government of Mexico by Mr. Forsyth, our minister, has been received at Washington, and submitted to a Cabinet Council on the 20th ult. The subject matter of the Treaty is not yet definitely known, and its terms are vnrinn.lv * 1: * - W.J .v|Mvgvnvcui avv<;ruill^ VU Ulie SlQie* ment, It provides for an American protectorate over the whole of Mexico, together with the cession to litis country, of Lower California and the province of Sonora, for a mm of money. By another statement which is probably the correct version, the Treaty is merely a commercial arrangement for the mutual bene- j fit of the two countries. The conditions of this arrangement, in advance of its publication, or I transmission to the Senate, cannot be certainly j known, but arc stated to be as follows : 1. A loan of fifteen million of dollars by the , United States to the Government of Mexico, I secured by liens upon her revenues?a certain ! portion of this sum to be retained by the Uiii- j tod States to satisfy claims of her citizens a- I gainst Mexico, and to pay interest to English holders of Mexican sureties. 2. The reduction by Mexico of her tarilT, of twenty percent, in favor of our commerce. 3. Commercial reciprocity upon the frontiers between the two countries', and a postal convention. Assuming that such are the provisions of the Treaty, it is doubtless the best which enn be negotiated with Mexico. The concessions are all on the part of thnt country. The Treaty I 1.. I... .1.- I--. * -r .1 ? - <n.^uia 17 uc inu lasu resort 01 me ^onioniori , party, to sustain the existing state of things, ; and to preserve its power until the new Gov- j eniment is inaugurated, which is provided for by the new constitution, recen'ly adopted to go intoefTeet 011 the 1st May. Unless promptly sustained by material aid from this country, it cannot preserve the country from anarchy, or the republic from dismemberment. And by extending this aid, this Government vonld lend it* urmnftfliv nnH ommnrt ##> i -J ?, J ?I I? - ? cauac of progress and liberal government in ; Mexico, and perhaps preserve the country, for a lime, from the evils of anarchy. Yet, as there is no precedent in our diplomacy for i such a treoty. and 110 authority in the Constitution for an appropriation of uioncy for the purpoiH:s contemplated, it is not probable that | Senate will ratify it or that the House will give ] effect to it, by mnking the ncccssnry nppropri ! ntion of $15,000,000. Prof. Leconte'a Lecture. In spite of the inclemency of the weather, , there was tjuite a large attendance in the i Court Ilouse on last Friday night, to hear the j able Lecture of Prof. John J.econto on "The ( Study of the Physical Scicncc." The Address ] was charoctcmcd by n vigor of analysis, n scientific precision of statement, an apposite- : nes* of illustration, and a terseness and vijj'uof iilvlp Tvhl??h riinv0vn^ flio m?u? ~?J?M ? J ? impression of the powers of the Speaker. AVe thought liim peculiarly happy in his expo- i sitiou of what is meant by a law of nature, as comprehending those generalized fact*, which from the Lrltinia T/nife of (scientific enquiry ; and of the scarcel}* distinguishable differences between fact and theory, liko 'Shade unperceived so softening into shade." The importance of the study, as an intellectual and moral discipline was enforced, by considerations drawn from the precision of its nomenclature, the union which its presents of demonstrative and inductive reasoning, and the ennobling character of its contemplations. At the solicitation of a friend the Professor has politely furnished us, for publication, with ft copy of hia concluding remarks, upon the moral influence of Physical studies, which we herewith commend to the perusal of our readers : "In concluding thin row inlhni-fnnt permit me to indulge in a few reflections on the moral tendencies of sltcli studies. Everything announces a world of activity a midlife?every tiling betokens thought ntid comprehensive arrangement. These are, as it were, the many voices of Nature, heard only by the sensitive and reverent ear of her true votaries. Equally kind and bountiful, }-et provident, is nature in all her operations, and through all her works. Neither skill nor materials are ever wasted ; and yet, she ungrudgingly disperses her favor?, apparently without measure; and lias subjected dead matter to laws which compel it to minister, and yet with a most ready willingness, to the wants and comforts of every living thing. And how unceasingly docs she press this her example, not only of unbounded goodness, but of universal charity, on the at tention of the man of science ! Does tlio corn spring more freshly when scattered by a christian band f Are the harveete more abundant on a Protestant soil I And docs not the sun shine alike, and the rain descend, on the domains of each political party 1 80 science, from her daily converse with nature, fails not ooner or later, to take her hue and color from the perception of this universal love and bounty. Party and sectarian diffefences dwindle awny and disappear from the eyes of hitn who is daily occupied io the contemplation of the boundless munificence of the great Impartial ; he tees himself standing in one common relation to his fellow-men, and feels himself to be most completely performing his part in life, when he is able in any way cr in any measure to contribute to the general welfare of all. It is in tins sense, too, that science?humbly tracing the footsteps of the Deity in all his works, and from them deducing hia intelligence and hia universal goodness?it is in this sense, that science is of no sect, and of no party, but is equally the province, and the property, and the friend of all. v "On-the other hand, when wo contemplate the deatfnjp of man with man, what a contrast is presented ! What supreme selfishness 1 What narrow-minded bigotry and intolerance! What a general perversion of all that is calculated to elevate the intellectual and moral character of the human species I Man, in tho lowest stage of almost animal rudeness, as well as pniidst the apparent brilliancy of-our higher 'eijjfijfktion, pfVpares for himself arid hia fel!ow<*en, increjwed toil and d?nge*t The travJ ft, wandering over the wide globe by sea and land, as wsli^as the historic inquirer searching the'reeords of put ages, finds everywhere tbo uniform *and saddening speotaolea of quid at variance with man. ." He, therefore, wbo, amidst the tjoreoonoil*! -diaconl of nation^ seeks for i&telleetaal calm, gl^dl^talitato eopteaipfyte the aileot and bidAm anthrities of fowk >l?4 jwweni operating < ffk the sanctuaries of nature ; or.'Wjcdient to '4 I the inborn impulse which fur thousands of | years has glowed in (lie huninii breast, gazes | upwards in meditative contemplation on those I celestial orbs, which nrc ever pursuing in un. disturbed harmony their ancient aud unebang! ing course. ; "llow elevating must be the influence of micli I studies 1 llow ennobling to the soul of man I From the turmoils and bickerings of man and ' man, lie finds a delightful retreat where he cnti commune with nature, mid feel, that his ; intellectual as well an his mornl faculties have been strengthened and purified by tho intercourse. What a precious privilege do those enjoy, who are thus permitted lo enter the sanctuaries of science, and to hold communion ...:ii. ?i..? ....?i~o?: -t ' ? i "??.i imq viviittaviHj; euurvc wi j?uwt;r, nnu 01 wisdom, nnd of goodues*, and of love* 1 The door is open, and all may enter ; but all do not approach its threshold with eipiul thoughtlessness. There are a few who wonder as they | approach, as the snered shepherd wondered at | the burning hush of lloreh. Casting their i shoes from otT their feet, nnd all doubts from ! their understandings, these children of the faith| fill take their first step upon the holy ground J with reverential owe, and advance almost with timidity, fearful, as the signs of Deity break upon them, lest they shall he brought face to I fnce with the Almighty. These are the real searchers after the truth ; the pincere votaries of science. These are the anointed ; these alone are permitted to officiate in the innermost sanctuary of licr glorious temple ! " The New Talri& Tin; Report of the Committee of conference with reference to the Tariff, linn received the sanction of both Houses. It wns n unanimous report, emanating from the following distinguished malingers; Senators, Hunter, Douglas, and Seward; HcpresciitativcsCnmpbcIl, Dewitt and Letcher. The Dill will yield a revenue of 18 millions of dollars, or 15 millions less than would accrue upon a basis similar to the imposts of 1846. The Unltimore Sun gives the following as the alteration of the duties under ! the New Tariff: j By the bill, as passed, the one hundred per i cent schedule, and so mticli of the old forty | per cent schedule jns was not reduced down to i thirty per cent. All the forty por cent schcdj ulc, including nil the spices and articles not I produced iu this country, but which enter into I t.lie general consumption, were cither put on the free list or on the four per cent schedule. Mnny art icles were brought from the thirty per cent schedule down to the lower schedules. The pnute was theense with intermediate schedj ules between 0. nnd .1. Tlie other schedules I were reduced nbout twenty per ccnL?Tlie | I'cniiiiuder of tli? old thirty per cent schedule i was brought, J?wn to -twenty-four per cent. I The twenty five per ecnt f>i>1ic<tule was brought | down to nineteen per cent; the twenty per | cent to fifteen; tin; fifteen to twelve; the ten ; to eight; and that, part of the old live per cent 1 schedule which had not been included in the free list was put upon the four pur ecnt schedj tile. The Inaugural Address. The Inaugural Address of President Ruclinnan is a plain and practical production, presenting a calm and temperate review of tlic vnrions questions of our national policy. There is nothing in the document to wliicli exeeptiou ran he taken except it be liie advocacy of the Pacific Railroad. e present the following Summary of its leading topics : Wasiiikoton, March 4.?Mr. Buchanan'i) In; augural speaks of the importance of the resto> ration of harmony among the people of the several State*, for the preservation of our free < institutions, lie alludes to the termination of | tli>< political contest for the Presidency, as an I approval of the Kansas ami Nebraska Act. The surplus in the treasury, lie maintains, j should be appropriated toaat ional objects, and i no more revenue be collected, than an econo inicnl administration of tlu? ? .? onircs, nnd that n modification of the Tariff ti> this en J in necessary. He deprecates tlic evil of I>isunioti, doclnres it a cnrdinnl principle that the public lands should be reserved for actual settlers, lnitlie native and foreign, and that the rights of the Stute should be carefully represented, lie dwelt upon the importance of nil overland route to tlie l'aeific, and maintained that many of the difficulties now apparent, would disappear wbcu the best route was ascertained by careful survej'. We onjrht, lie said, to prcserrc pence, commerce and friendship, with nil nation*, nnd never to interfere with their affairs, unless impelled by the law of self-preservation. The ? a s? I ..uiivs in.It> ikuuiicu icrriivrv out Dy fair purchase, or.by voluntarj' admission, as in tlic case of T?Cris. Wc should net upon this principle; and no nation could rightfully complain, if, in sclf-iU-'fcnee, vre uhuuld further extend our possessions. Mr. Buchanan declines to be a candidate for re-election to the Presidency, and favored a strict construction of the Constitution. The Inauguration. The late Inauguration of President Buchanan began the eighteenth Presidential term of four years 6ince the organization of our Government. By an Act of Congress, passed in 1792 the 4th of March, was the day fixed upon, for the beginning of the new Administration, Washington was first inaugurated, on the 30 April 1789; but this Act having been passed in the meantimP hAPnminAnoarl li-Boortnn/l ?? ? * of March, as lias been dune by all succeeding Presidents. Before entering upon the discharge of the dutiua of the Office, the Constitution merely requires of the new President, that lie should take no oath or affirmation; but the example of Washington, in delivering an inaugural address has been followed by each succeeding President n'L _ i.i . * i' .me luvo inauguration, wnetner we consular tlio immense concourse of spectatora present, the civic and military displays, and extent of preparation for the accompanying festivities, was the most imposing ceremony of the kind which has boen witnessed, aince the foundation of our Government. It has been compared to the ancient Roman triumphs, or to the rccent Russian cornation; but in tbe moral sublimity of its attendant associations, it was immeasurably superior. After an angry and protracted party connict, trie duiented faction, has calmly acquiesced in the will of the majority; and the Government of SO millions of freemen has quietly paused into other bands, and the new rulers hare entered, as a matter of course up on the discharge of their duties. We extrnot from our exchanges, a brief outline of tho in. auguration ceremonies, and a more detailed oocount of the aoeompanyiag Ball: The day wm beautiful, and was ushered in by tlie firigg of cannon and ringiug of bellt. llie streets were orowded, and all the available balconies and windows were filled with both sexes. Flags and banners innumerable floated from the housejp, and the eceuo predated the -appearance of the greatest patriotic" 4ud gojr ety There was a great display <it military, political Clubs, sou tire oompanie* At 9 o'clock the rtiilitary ?nd *11 other orgAniiAtiona iiaeembled An New York Avenue, find formed into lib*, in double rank?Die riglit ooroposod of the military, resting a* 10th treat 'Amongthe military wero the Young Guam, Qapt Moore, of lUoumond. Va. At n^faivUte possession moved froof th? psNdg ground, dowhtbe Avenue 4o tbe Natfontl. Hot*f whtre'Mr. puohanon wm stopping, it than f*o?d inward, ami. President fierce s|id* M?*. B'lohsnaq ei'me out sod,entered rcsrcf*g*, which wm attended on thu lefthV JfiMtwA, , stMipn.the right by the United States wsf*WW for toe District of C*l4ml>ifl. TETe pro<6e*ioh J tlion moved to the CapltoL 4 * * The column reached the Capitol nt 1 o'clock, I halted, and the Military presented arms. The carriage containing the President and President elect, passed through to the spot where tho Senate committee was waiting to receive them. The Copitol Grounds were thronged. Mr. Buchanan delivered his inaugural from the portico of the Capitol, and afterward* went into tho Senate Chamber, where the oath of office was administered to him and Mr. ltrcckenridgo by Chief Justice Taney. , The procession was coinjwwed of the Judiciary, Clergy, Foreign Ministers, Diplomatic Corps, Members and ex Members of Congress, and the Cabinet Officers of the Ariny, Navy, Governors and cx-Uovernor* of Slates and Territories, military citivens, ?fcc. A full rigged ship was one of the ornaments of the procession. THE INAUCrRATION RIM. The grand Inauguration Hall nt. Judiciary Square, presented a scene of regal innguifiecnce never before equalled in the metropolis, for the reason that on no similar occasion heretofore have the arrangements been so extensive, or the ball room so sjOicioiiH or well calculated for the display of beautiful women in rich and jjwrgcoiM apparel, ntn?Srt?*?1 with jewels ami gems, which usually distinguish such nn occasion. The room is nearly three hundred feet in length, by about ninety foot in breadth, light ed through it* whole surface by large and massive cliamlnliers, and jets of light extending across the hall. The walls on either side ami at the end are formed of deeply colored hangings of rui, wli'te. blue and gold, whilst the ; ceiling ia of pure white, thickly studded with ! gilt stars, which reflected the* gas lights and produced a most brilliant effect. The scene from the head of the broad flight of stairs leading from the Court House, one wing of which forms the entrance, was pronounced by all present, of the most, imposing ever witnessed. ! At the upper end of the hall a canopy was ' erected for tiiu use of President Iiuchanan. I j Vice President Ureckenridge, and ex-President | Pierce, with seats arranged for other official dignitaries. On the side of the room, about the centre, was ft large balcony orchestra, no- j commodnting a cotillion band of forty-three | . .s, comprising iiic military hand of j the Nnvy Ynrd, nnd about twenty of Linbardl's and VolfundtV Handsof Baltimore, from wliicli, at nbout 9 o'clock, n iintional nir colled tlic 1 company to order fur a grand promenade, presenting a moveing scene of great brilliancy. At o'clock, the approach <?f tlie President, elcct and suite was announced, which caused a great e.omrnotion through the hall, when the company ranged in lines, nnd opened ?n nvcnue for their passage to the positions assigned them at the upper end of the hull. As sunn as they appeared nt the head of the broad flight of stairs lending to the floor of the room, the band struck up "llail Columbia." anil nmid the waving of handkerchiefs, an-1 considerable | cheering, the distinguished party descended to j tho floor, and pnssed tip through a line of ladies, representing the youth nnd beauty of nenrlv* pvnrvRlalii ? ? tKo So noon ns the commotion hud subsided, the I 1 ball was opened, nnd dancing commenced with i much zest, though the immeiiBc crowd on the floor rendered this rnther n difficult operntion, sets being so crowded, I lint- magnifficence of dress, nnd grace of movement was, in n measure, lost night of. There appear* to be among tnc ladies n very treneriil effort to eclipse cnch other in the display of jewely, ! ' nnd the magnificence and costliness of their . apparel; and the palm of beauty, in form, foa hire and carriage, was contested by about a j dozen others withe great spirit. The style of | , beauty wns, however, so varied, that n". 'and i . ineir admirer*, though for stiit<*Vv atul com- j ! manding appearance, bl?-,idcd with a tine i countenance, good expression, and brilliant j complexion, the ludy of Senator Douglas was ' evidently the star of tho evening. ller fine ! I stature gave her the advantage over all comj pctit?rs, as she could he easily discerned in ! any part of the room, whilst others were partially lost in the throng. The supper room extending the whole length of the halt room, was thrown open at 12 o'elock, where a sumptuous ropnst was served. The opening of the upper room tended to relieve the crowd on the floor, as many lingered there long after the dancing had been resumed. The President- and his suit, with ex-Presideist I'ierce retired shortly after midnight, which also tended to thin the concourse, when the dancing coinineneed in good earnest, and was doubtless continued to a late hour this morn- j iug The niece of President Buchanan, Mia* L:ine, I attracted much attention, and was evidently j the favorite of the evening. She pr>nses<>?l a j fine pleasant countenance, hearing the impress of intelligence, with pleasing manners and excellent addres*. She is to preside at the White House during the next four years, and will doubtless do the honors with all the erace and case that distinguish her at Wheatland, and at the Ministerial residence at the Court of St. James. [fob tiik indkpekdknt ritKss.] Lines to my Father by Moonlight. Yon fair moon glides through the midnight sky. And the dove has ccas'd its mournful cry : An unearthly calmness fills the air ; Still'd is the harsh voice of worldly care, Sweot thoughts of thee, tliU pensivo hour bring*. I And kind word* steal by, on unseen wing*. Shine on bright inoon, with silvery light! Give radiant beauty to the night! Though birds have hushed their plaintive wail, And the breezes bear no gentle gale The flowers are yet awake with mo, And we will deep homage pay to thee. While all Around is so fresh and fair, I'll thank thee for ull thy tender care ; Yes, Futher, thou hast loved ine well, How much, God alone can ever tell. I IJremember in the home of ours, Where grew btuutiful trees and flowers, My childish voice seem'd music to thee, When you joined my innoceut glee ; But that home inust hence in ashes lie, With few to love it, save you and I. Fall softly, ye moonbeams, on the place, And I will its scenes, in dreams retrace. Sallie . Abbeville District, 1857. ^ Three Saya Later from Europe. New York. March 7.?The Cunard steamship Persia has Arrived at this port from Liveipool, bringing dates to tho 21st alt. Lord Napier is a paascngor in the Persia. The Persian Envoy has oeased * negotiation at Persia, and has refused to visit London. *' ? FrannA Kaa * ? MKVW IIHIIVU Ull^inlJVI, IVU.^IH, Austria And Prussia to instruct their resident ministers at Paris to settle the N?mfchatel affair in tlie conference which- meets at Paris early in Mafch. It U feared how-1 ' ] ever, that an adjustment will be difficult. The Russians have resumed the Circa#-. | sian war. It is rumored that they have reooived a large cession of territory from Persia. D'lsreali's amendment to tlier financial ? .Jl J - ? -t- - n??!-L n _ uuujjw wn? umourntKi id iuu urnnn rar* ( liament uhtil Monday, the 23d. ] It is rumored ibut the British Govern- , ment has received deppalchea announcing ( the total destruction of Canton. ( Liverpool Cotton Market.?Cotton ] had declined l-8d per lb. illnks8 of IJ0N. J. GlANOT J0NK8.?iy- ' lion..J. Glanoy Jon3, of {*a., is very- HI at hia re^idenoe in Washington city. It is said < ibfct th^.oppoflilionto bis proving one of tho ta^rr oabine^ proceeds. from Col. Forney; RtimoftfurtKer states-that Mr. Ataandor, of N. J., the l*Le BewoogUK) oaij^JWate for. Governor of that BqAa, will be iwited- Ob ?. .] seat in the cabinet tu the placu of Mr. Jones. ! Speeches of Mesrs. Mason and Bracken- i ridge. The President pro tern, of tlie Sennta bo-1 fore* pronouncing that body adjourned on Wednesday morning last, inado the following brief but felicitous remarks : mk. mason's si'kecii. Senators : In closing, with you, the present Congress, I beg permission to express to nil Sennton* my sincere acknowledgments for the courtesy and forbearance which have marked their intercourse with the Chair,and for their personal kindness to its temporary occupant. I have certainly endeavored, by dilligcnce and care in the despatch of the public business, and by strict impartiality, to deserve it. 1 tender to each and to all of you, senators. itiv earnest wish fur n ynv """ giateful meeting with those awaiting yon at your homes, and for your prosperity ami welfare in life. It remains only to declare that the Sonate stands adjourned without day. Soon after the adjournment, the Senate assembled in pursuance of the proclamation of the President. The Vice-President elect was introduced !>y the committee of arrangements, and the o tth of office was administered to him ; whereupon he took the chair, and addressed the Senate as follows: Mil. HIIECKKNHIDUE's 81'EKCII. Senators : In assuming the duties of this station, I am quite conscious that I hring to their discharge few other qualifications than a deep sense of the importance of Ihi* body in the scheme of the government and .. e - t* luciiug m rwpeci lor us members. Happily, my duties are comparatively few and simple ; and I am sure they will be made easy by a prevailing sense of propriety, wliioh will of itself bo sufficient on all occasions to preserve the dignity and decorum of tlie Senate. In administering the rules wlii.-h you have adopted for the convenience of your proceedings, I shall often need your kind iliJulgeiice, and I anticipate with confidence your forbearance towards tlie errors that springs from inexperience. Cherishing the hope that our official and personal inter course will be marked by mutual confidence and regard, I look forward with pleasure to our association in the performance of public tin ties. It shall be my constant aim, gentlemen r>f tliu Senate, to exhibit at all times, and to every member of this body, the courtesy and impartiality which is due to the representatives of equal States. The Appropriation Bill. But the great achievement of the session was the passage this morning of the Civil ami Miscellaneous Appropriation bill in thv Jlottse which came fr?>.ju the Committee of Conference with at least seventy-five acts Legislature appeiuled thereto, all of which were passed in thirty minutes by the liouse, without one of them having been read, or seen, or heard of, by any member of the uouv, in open session. Several motions were made for their reading, but they were wholly ineffectual. A single item in the list is a million of dollars lor the Washington Aqueduct. Many of the others are appropriations for custom-houses, court-houses and post-offices all over the country to an endless exient. There were appropriations of $50,000 each for these purposes in the town of Columbia, S. C.; Tallahassee, lialeigh, Cairo, Madison, Ogdensburgf, Moutpeller, Rutland and sundry others, beside 8100.070 for a Boston Court house, ?200,000 for Chicago, $120,000 for liulfalo, and numerous other places. The vote on it was 87 to 07. The Members of the Senate Committee of Conference on this bill were Messrs. Hunter, Douglas niul Uever ; of the IIuU.se, Messrs. L. D. Campbell, Davidson of La., and Washburn of Me. The appropriation of $59,000 for the Kansas Legislature was fought against in the House last night at different times for several hours. The vote on the Yeas and Nays were about a tie, but the House Finally receded this morning, and let the appropriations pass. The College of South Carolina. Wo Imve received tlie nnmial catalogue of this flourishing State institution of education, for tlie present years.?The undergraduates number 157, viz; Senior- 24tJru?iors 0*2, Sophomores 47, Freshmen 24. ResiJent Graduate 1. Total 128. There is not a Charlestonian in tlie Senior Class ; the Junior Cla?s has 18 Charlestoniaiis; tlie Sophomore Class has 5, and the Fisliman Class 2 ?in all 25 Cliarlc-stor.ians. The Fm.ulty of the College is constituted as follows, viz: fl I." \l ll.._ TT l-v TV.. ? . i v^. x-. ?i<:onjr, iju. ia, i resHuni. anu l'rofessor of Mathematics and Astronomy. Maximilian Lahorde, M. D., Professor of Logic, Rhetoric and Philosophy of the Mind. CliarleR P. Pelhaui, A. M., Professor of Roman Literature. Rev. J. L. Reynolds, D. D., Professor of Moral Philosophy, Sacred Literature, and Criticism. John LeConte, M. D., Professor of Natural Philosophy. Willi?m -I_ RIvacq A \f -? W? ?* o. * W4VOOUI VI Greek Literature. R?*v. R. W. Barnwell, ProfesRor of History, Polilieal Philosophy and Economy. Joseph Leeonte, M. D., Professor of Chemistry, Mineralogy, and Geology. Washington, March 5.?Senator Toomhs to-dnv presented to Ex-President Franklin Pierce, in behalf of tho citizens ofSavnnnah, a beautiful aerviee of plate. The present was thankfully acknowledged. Washington, March 9.?In the Senate to-day tho standing committees were appointed. Mr. Crittenden offered resolutions approving the course of the late administration in rA<rjll-fl to rilli'ft nf rnnritimn l>?w nr/.i?ieu,l -O ; ? "f by the Paris conference.* 4 < Cotton Estimates.?The N1. O. Prices Current reports a list of sixty-five estimate?, urtde by cotton brokers and factors of that jity, during the three closing dayf> of February. The highest figures are 3,270,000, ;he lowest 2,040,000, and the average 2,)67,043 bales. The result of seventy-four islimntes submitted in Mobile on ?!?? ikiIi Feb., will be remembered, ?8 follows Highest 8,249,000 ; lowest 2,600,093 ; average 2,966,2-10 bales. ? Printer* everywhere?are decidedly deb>n?ir; But unlike frogs, oen't live on air. I ! l ) IB 'I I I ?i-i lHABAKBOt * "j <* ??? On Tuesd?yi.ev6nlng, the'10 th inttent, by the R?t. James Motri, ,"Mr. JA8. ll. BJlQCK^and SUSAN A. ULAC^^. 4 # CON8IONEES. Tim following persons have freight ill the Depot at Abbeville:? Andrew Cillebenu, J M Davis. II \V Lnwson, Judge I) L Wardlaw, lion T C Perriti, Cul W Calhoun. Mai S I. J one*. 1) .1 Jordan, II A Jones Itobt Dlakely, J W Crawford, K 1( Wardlnw it Son, J it N Knox, And lid wards, J M Thomas, Cobb, Hunter it Co, Col F W Davit, J \V lilai-k, Martha Ma^aw, K J Taylor, Dr MeCol?s, \V McCoinlis, (Seii'l A M Smith. 1). H. SONDLKY, Ag't. MARKKTS. AllHICVIMil'l, March 13.?Cotton.?But little offering?wc quote 11 and l'?i - extremes. COLUMBIA, March 11.?There was a fair' . niul steady demand for eot < yesterday, at j full mid steady prices. Some 40O hales cliangj e<l hands, ntprices varying from 11 J a 131c ; i most sales at 12 a 13c. | ('II AUIjKSTON, March 10.?The sales of cotton to-ilay amounted to 2,000 hales, at irregular prices, and with a decline of an J to a -Jc. Case of A*tlamu. The following letter from lion. Myron I.aw* fence, of Ihdchertown, is valtialdc testimony j in favor of the Oxygenated Hitlers :? lJhu:iu:r.io\vN. March ltf. | Dii. (Jkeen :?I take gacut pleasure in ini forming y?ti of the results of the Oxygenated | JiitUrx yon had the kindness to send me. For" i some twenty years I had suffered with Humorn Asthum. 1 was compelled to ait up oneI third of '.he nights, without going to bed at I all ; and the rest of the time my sleep was intrrrupt.ed hy violent tils of coughing, and gn.'nt umicnlty hi breathing. In all my attendance upon mil* courts, I never went to bed in Xorthuinptou in twenty ve.irs, but twice, and then wus compelled to get up. Now 1 lie in bed without ditliculty, and sleep profoundly. I look your medicine according to dircctiono. The violent symptoms immediately abated, and perscvernnee in the use of the remedy lias removed all it* troublesome coiitvqneuces. The value of such a remedy is inealeuluble. Respectfully yours, MYUOX LAWRENCE. SETII NV. FoWLE i* (.'o., l.TS Washington j Street, Boston, Proprietors. Sold by their agents everywhere. I'kisiiy Ykcktaiilk J'aix Killer.? Voluntarily, conscientiously, niul with much | pleasure, wo recommended to our vendors tha | above named mcdiciuc. We speak frum our ! own observation nml experience when we say j tlmt it removes pain as if by mngic from all | parts of the body, ami is one of the best medt. ! cines in use for cheeking Diarrhoea, mid ra} moving the premonitory symptoms of Clioler*. | It is npplicd bnt!i internally nnd externally, i with best effect?, and noiio who havo onca used the Pain Killer, would willingly be with| out it constantly in their houses. Cinriuiutli livening Wonparcil. j One word in regard to L'erry Davis' Pain i Kilh-r. I have used it ii? my family for soma ' years, and take great pleasure in recommending | it as a valuable medicine, that should be kept : in every family. I have -*itn.T*?ed wonderful j and speedy cures by its use?recently, within the last week, 1 have known a very sever? ?we of rheumatism soon relieved and promising ? speedy cure, bv tbi?. in mv estimation, invalu .Mii.K remedy. JAliKZ S. SWAN', Pastor of the lluntingtou-st. ltaptist Churrch, 41-"2t New London, Conn. Nolfffi to All Concerned. \\T IIKKKAS, DAPIINKV, i? Negro Woman. TT nupposed to be Sixty years of ntre, who has 11o( n committed to tlie Jail of Abbeville District us a RUNAWAY for Twelve months, and no owner appearing to provo property, pay Jail fees and tnke licr away. Now, notiee is hereby eiven, that pursuant to the Act of Assembly in t-ucli ense made and provided. I will sell ?n'id slave on Sale Day io. April next, at Abbeville (*. II., for Cash. T. It. Com KAN, 8. A. D-. Sheriff's Office, Abbeville C. 11. March 12, 18,r>7. 45-tsd. I W T> HIC \r V T T A I) n. it, i'l iv r.ijij.vn, SURGEON DENTIST, NEWBERRY C. II., S. Cn I Wf OULT) most, l-cspcctfully say to tlie PeoX T plo of Alilicvillo, that he has just returned from New York and Philadelphia, where lif has bad the very '?est opportunities of improving himself in liia Profession. 'Ha feels himself in every wav better qualified for hid business than ho evorlia? before, lie would also state that he i* furnished with an nparatus for Extracting Teeth bv Congelation. Ilia Nephew, JOHN (1. MrKELLAR, ha? just returned from the Philadelphia Dental College, where he spent tho entire winter in close application to his business. I can, with plcneuro and safety, vccontmcnd him to tho Public ns n safe ami skillful operator. March 10, 1857. 45 4t Greenville and Columbia Railroad Stock for Sale. ^1^1112 subscriber will soil ot Public Auction, _1_ at Abbeville C. II., on Sale l>ay in April next, FIFTY SHARES of Greenville nnd Columbia Railroad Stock. It can be bought at private e?lo by applying to ine before Sale Day. F. 1\ ROBERTSON. March 8, 1857. 44 3t Citation Bv WII.WAM 1IILL, P^jq., Ordinary of Abbo | vlllc District: WHEREAS, ir. H. S (Midday lms applied to ino for Letters of Administration, on all And singular the goods and and chatteU, rights nnd credits of Stepney Beard, a man of color, lat? of tlia District aforesaid, dee'd : These are, therefore, to oite nnd admoniihftU and singular, the kindred and creditors of Ihe said deceased, t?> bo and appear before me, at our next Ordinary's Court for the said District, to be lioldon at Abbcvillo Court House, on tho twenty-seventh day of March noxt, to show cause, if any, why tho said administration1 should nut be granted. Given under mv hand nnd senl, this eleventh day of Maroh, in the year 6f ^iur Lord ono thousand eight hundred and fiftyso veil, and iu tho eighty-first year of American Independence. W. HILL, O. A. March 12, 185*. 45 r 2t Important Sale. ESTATE OF UEl WIDEMAJf, DECEASED. BY Permission of the Ordinary for Ahbe>;illo District, I will soil at Public ^uotion at the late Residence of UEL WIDEMAX,. deceased, on Friday, the 90tH Ymtaut, All the Personal Property belonging to tha Estnto of tho said deof-asad, <onMstfn? of SIXTEEN or SEVENTEEN iHSGRGSS. Seventeen Bales of CUTTClXt Xtorwa,"' Cattle, I logs, Corn, Fodder, (Jofjffo Seed, Sluioks, Plantation Tools, Household and Kitoi?fi-"Furniture, and a variety of other Property too t*? Ui?i)> ro raominu, Tkbms made known on that day. N. B- The Land will lie rented same daiy, EMILY W1DEMAN. Adm'r*. March 5, 1857. 44-2t Banner oopy oncc. ? ' FOR the coming year * Qpo? COOJt and WASHER?aim a Bey neemtomed to Hqpae-^yojit.?Apply at the Episcopal I'arton?g?. oftls-my abnepoe) p?*t door. <*. ^ . B. JO?**)*. Dcc 10,185Q % * r