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" v4 ??j ^ ' PNION^OUT'^^AIlOLINi^ FRID^ AUGUST 11, 190,5? " ?1.(M> A YEAR. ^ Wm. A. Nicholson Union, Soul a PAY INTE Time Certificat ? )!!l,Wff A QUESTION OF IMPORTANCE ?wu i ou lJ a it bj.. WHOi 3iiuuiu uc inc luucation of a Business Man? BY JOHN BRISBEN WALKER. If, at the beginning of the .4 twentieth century, education ? does not accomplish that which may reasonably be expected of it, the indifferent results must be ascribed chiefly to the failure to determine clearly in advance the purposes for which studies are to be pursued. While our great schools are organized in the most complete way for instruction and administration, I nave louna, uy personal examination covering nearly a dozen of our leading universities, that there exists no board or commission of disinterested men whose duty it is to determine what education should be. One can scarcely expect that the influential professors of Latin and Greek, whose dignity has come down through three hun <li'ul ycaig,i^wnr vuic *wauoifaii their own oHices. Yet to them has been largely committed the task of determining the all-important and fundamental question, "What is education?" Until some university appoints a commission of disinterested scholars and men of wide attainments to consider in formal session this subject which is pre liminary to true education, w< may expect prejudice and th< customs of the ancient school,1 still to hold the chief sway. in af+mrmt.incr therefore to out All UVVV>..r. ? line what should be the educa tion of the modern man who ha chosen the business world fc his career, I have but little t guide me. The libraries sho^ ^ that small attention has bee * given to the subject; I base m conclusions upon an experien< of thirty-five years in associatic with, or in handling, men?your and old, in publishing, manufa turing and in general business to determine the things whi< most contribute to the moral ai material successes in the bu ness world. The time allotted any man which to seek an education the schools is all too short, matter whether he has at 1 disposal two years, four years six years, all are insufficient f cover the field of import' knowledge. It therefore comes essential to arrange v> the utnrlpst precision the or for the period of time availa1 But before this can be don< that the result will be wit! ? i i . waste, the student must aeie i ine. "What do I hope to obtaii education?" The answer to this must brace certain things which a to all students. Every seeks: First, happiness--not er ment merely, not pleasure, that deeper felicity which ca founded only upon right livi a condition of the soul whi : given out as well to those r about us. j Secondly, the tools with v I to accomplish business resul Kg! V It goes without saying ths 1? nearer one comes to truthis, to a clear understands fc * the conditions which sur I. us ?the more certain is 1 J, achieve happiness, the mor I tain to accomplish results. It If the youth starts out in J* of deception, his every If must be hampered. If he ?r. .? ? ? | ?> ' . " ' V? & Son, Rankers, h Carolina, REST ON es of Deposit. | prehends but dimly the causes al work about him, he is likely tx deceive himself and to deceive others. Therefore, in the acquisition of knowledge, comes first and fundamentally some comprehen sion of the Universe. As a pre liminary and an accompanimenl to business training there shoulc be brief studies of the knowr facts, first concerning the uni verse itself, and secondly, of oui own globe. If one starts in ig norance of things which concerr all life, there will be endless groping in the dark. Having some knowledge of the world ir which he exists?Astronomy? and of the globe upon which he lives?Geology?he must nexl know something of the things round about him?Botany anc Chemistry. Then comes the even more necessary knowledge concerning his own body?Physiology; health stands first anc foremost in human acquisitions, and health will not last lonj without knowledge. Lastly som< understanding of his own mine ?Psychology. Do not say that these are the advanced studies of the univer that there is no oppor ness V *or them in a short busi a pa/?ourse* They must become they are ^-ITWpdi'taTit;" nib-rrcv^ sary. Without them the mine of the business man must eve remain confused. They enabl i one to comprehend; they giv the power to see. The time wi soon be here when they will b - recognized as essentials in ever i education?as preliminary to a i right thinking. To know whei 3 we are?upon what; to ha> some comprehension of the ph 1 nomena eroing on around aboi i- us; to understand our own bodi s> and so preserve that health whi< ?r nine scholars out of ten no o sacrifice through ignorance; >v have some insight into our ov n mental process, and the wor iy ings of the minds of those wi ie whom we come into contact >n this knowledge belongs at t ig beginning of all true educati< c- and its assimilation should mc ? concurrently through all cours ch And kept parallel to this m nd be a scientific study of hun si- happiness. What is true hap ness, and how is it to be attaii in for one's self and for or in neighbor??in acquiring he? No and vi$or, in aiding good govc his ment, in wise business planni or in perfected organization, to economic production??tl ant things concern the probler be- happiness and should be < dth stituent parts of all educat der When once their true plac< ble. essential preliminaries is re i so nized, humanity will adv 1 a(-vir1aa T lout witn extraoruuitti y Otl 1UV9* A rm- studies do not mean the u: such numerous text-books a \ by now employed in our colh but of simply written little em- umes from such really j pply minds as have that grasp, man power of bird's-eye view, \ enables them to give muc ijoy- little, which makes cleai but greatest subjects, which in n be pie language, touching onl: ng? salient points, conveys ch is knowledge which so many ound ers have seemed to delig making abstruse. /hich We now come to the Its. which education furnishe it the the accomplishment of life -that Of these, certain ones are ig of sary to all. To mention tl round the order of their importar le to First. How to take that e cer- cal exercise necessary I proper care of the body; b a fog if one falls into ill heal effort things else become insign com- Second. A knowledge o own language. Third. Ability to make analysis. .Fourth. A knowledge of the use of figures.' Fifth. An understanding of the principles of classification and organization. Beyond, come the courses of specialization to fit the student for the work he has elected to pursue, and into these it is not necessary to go. If, for instance, he is to become a bookkeeper, he must have already laid the groundwork in his study of analysis and of the principles of classification and organization; , for these underlie all successful accounting. That bookkeeper is : always a failure, except in the > humblest work, who is . Jiot i grounded in these preliminaries, which are also essential to all j education. And oh, the pitiftll failures that I have personally " witnessed?failures that might - :i.. l i s<j easily iia vc ue*;ii niaue suey cesses if their minds had been 1 properly opened in their prelimi1 nary training. Take for instance the study of " Analyses. In whatever busmess " a man may find himself, success 1 or failure depends upon the pow3 er to analyze the problems which ? present themselves during every 1 hour, at every turn in life. Failing to understand the conditions, * he can make no real analysis? i failing in his analysis, he goes to 3 meet his problem improperly 1 equipped, and only fortunate ac1 cident may save him from disasJ ter. : The successful business man 1 makes an analysis on paper of 1 every important problem, before > venturing upon action. Tabu\ lating, with brackets against ev1 ery phase of the undertakingfollowing each probable result 2 out to its furthermost limits?he ' reaches a point beyond which he " cannot go. He has now before " him a bird's-eve view of the sit I coni?iL,If ^Si2?l? co s s"bse-. ' And this tabulated r must be applied to the smallest e as well as the largest affairs of business life, if one would act 11 upon premises clearly thought e out. y Much of what has been given " here as essential to the training *e of business men is known in the re schools as "science." Scientific e' knowledge comes into play ir at practically every branch of mod ern business. Its lack handicap: every man who would accom plish. To the manufacturer, ii to the use of materials; to the mer J*1 chant, in the intimate knowledg .'K* of goods; to the contractor, 11 carrying on his work to econom ' ic advantage; to the man er "e gaged in transportation; to th investor, seeking opportunity )ve which will bring him fortune -- " es* and above all to tne young ciei i ust who would advance himself 1 ian becoming useful?to all these sc >piT ence presents itself as necessar as indeed it is to any care ? which would rise above the mc iltn commonplace. -'rn" Knowledge of one's own la n?' guage is an important factor in business success. The study lese grammar and Rhetoric, of Sj i n ot nyms, and of the best literatu; 9on" is essential to that choice aon. WOrds which brings convictior 3 01 the hearer?to that concise st cog~ so necessary in modern coi ance spondence?to that clear and "es| act statement so essential to c 3e ot tracts, either oral or writt s are gut beyond his own tongue, one should waste upon langua vo1" ancient or modern, the preci minutes of the all too she ?. aJJ time which he can give to edi vhich tjon ?phe man seeking a 1: " JJn ness education is a runner f the racfit He has but so many - - -1- ] u?. 1 S1 " onds to win his goar, ana nc i f r"? keep constantly in mind th.at course he has set himself to writ- sue> jf be deviates, he loses ht in Modern languages are a tl and times more valuable t< tools 8tudent than' the Greek and 8 f?r in which for so many cent iwork. were deemed the only educs neces- kut to defend which, in this lem in to be ridiculons. But ice: French and German muf physi- eliminated from the instri "? the of the young man who des ecause mastery of the essentials. ?' ai guages may be acquired ? meant. time, by any one, in snare 1 l one fa ^hey are no part o{ the i mentals qfl either a business or a liberal education, so wide is now the^field Which must be covered in j$her directions. conclusion, I would urge thatdabove all, before beginning actual studies, there should be a carefully-matured, well-thoughtplan fpr the education of each individual. /This work is now done in a haphazard way. But at least a weeKfa^the beginning of the school-year should be given up to the cfcreful consideration of what thfeyoung man proposes to accomplish. During this time he should not be rushed. It should be a week of quiet thought and attendance upon lectures which shall show the purposes of the several courses, and their < usefulness and their hearing up- j on tj&$ various employments of , life. - Each student should have, , Th'the preparation of his table of stuoleflt the personal counsel of his professors and instructors. , Each should have pointed out to him th^ purposes and advantages of the DroDOsed courses. No matter'bow crowded the term of , studies, an entire week is not too 1 much to give to this preliminary, , so all^khportant is a clear com- ] prenension, in advance, of what the student aims at and proposes to accomplish. Running throughout the course | of the business man's education, should be taught Organization? its lessons ingeniously contrived j to become a part of his daily life ?because an understanding of , Organization is, after the power ( fcnwmow ledge necessary to comprehend things, the secret of^all success m Dusiness me. rne Keeping of accounts?everyone snou a have some knowledge of acco Biting?the art of filing papers and above all, the making to do with that ' organization which is interwoven wttf every affair of business f,^iQ teaching must run &wnmr& WsiRTQYide for constant lectures Career." Every phr* First Req- ! ethics should be discussed; aim-l' cult situations should be presented and the temptations of business life shown up. Because these things are neglected, or im> perfectly explained, in our ' schools and colleges, thousands i of youths annually wreck them selves upon the sophistries of 9 the business world. Upon every - business field lie these wrecks of a men, who would very likely have - seen the way to honorable for . 1?A 4-V.ATr hoon instructed ? tunc iiau tucj ww ft in advance concerning the temp - tations they were to encounter. i- A love of truth and the posses?e sion of a personal integrity above ?s temptation, constitute the high2't est capital of the youth whc k, would seek business success. >y I am aware that there ar< ii- many who think differently. Bu y> I have followed the careers of ; er thousand men who have sough st success by unscrupulous ways and have watched their brillian - J wVtPf in- ability go uuwn w in honor would have brought pro; of perity; while in the case of thoi 10- dishonorably succeeding, fortur re, was invariably embittered by tl of contempt both of self and < ito neighbor. Eventually, "respe yle table" thieves are always reco *re- nized in every community, ex- Such are the requisites of on- business education, as they sec ^en. to me after a long and perha . no unusually broad experience ififes affairs. I am aware that ir ious measure I am departing fr< >rt a certain accepted standards. I uca- the business world is changi >usi- rapidly and education must in a advanced to meet the requi sec- ments of the new conditions. nust - - ? ? the THE GREAT DESTROY! pur J- Startling Eacts Abo > the vice Intemp Lat- once?Whiskey: Wl uries it Does Inside a mai ttion; a Striking Address iage, S|r prederick Trev Jtevb2 Bart., K. C. V. O., LL iction ires a The following is from ar Lan- dress delivered by Sir Fred* it any Treves, Bart., K. C. V. O., lours. D. in the great hall of Cfi unda- House, Westminister, Loi F. M. FARR, President. t : Merchants and Pla Successfully Doing Bus tmmm Is the OLDEST Bank i lias a capital and surpl H Is tho only NATIONA 9 H lias paid dividends si I B pays FOIT It per cent. I is the only Hank in Tn I g lias IturK'lar-l'roof van V pays ntoro taxes than i WE EARNESTLY SOL ? before the Woman's Union of the Church of England Temperance Society, May 4, 1905. Sir Fredsrick is physician to King Edward. The point with regard to alcohol is simple enough. It is, of course, distinctly a poison, and it is a poison which, like other poisons, has certain uses, but the limitations of the use of alcohol should be as strict as the limitations of the use of any other kind of poison. Moreover, it is a curiously insidious poison, in that it produces effects which seem to have only one antidote ?alcohol again. This applies to another drug equally as insidious, and that is morphia, or opium. Unfortunately, the term poison is by no means an exaggerated one, when it is realized that with alcohol as drunk by the majority of the poorer classes there i& mixed a virulent poison in the form of fusel-oil. There is no disguising the fact that alcohol is year by year less used by the medical profession. It is said that it has a certain position as a medicine, and no one will dispute that, but looking back over hospital drugs for the past twenty-five years, there is no question that the use of alcohol is emphatically diminishing. T,pf 11Q fnkp twr? nr fViroo nAi'nfu -and remember "that"* r^^nlv aseaof afcnh ?"T Vury lhere can ^^alcoho1. In th^h just a little before ^s^yiai. It is, as the French say, an aperitiff appetiser, and helps digestion." What are the facts? First of all, noap appetite needs to be artificially stimulated. If the appetite wants food it clamors for it: if there i: no appetite, there is no nee? for food. Therefore there is n< need, supposing the belief wer true. So on that ground I d not think there is much to t made out for its use. Then it is said that it strengthening, and that it giv< ' great working power. We hei : a great deal of this in the adv ' cacy of British beef and bee ) That sounds very well, but let i fontc Alcohol, cui view tuc i.uvvU. 3 ously enough, modifies certa t constituents of the blood in t * nourishment of the body. T * process that underlies the bui ' ing up of the human frame very much modified. The o e put for carbonic acid is v< 3" much lessened, with the res Je that the drinker at once becor ie ill-nourished-obviously so. man dreams of going into tra ing and taking alcohol. Hem c" reach the acme of physical f fection, and that must be w out alcohol. ^ It has a somewhat stimulat ' effect, and that is the unfo j nate part of it. The effect, h ever, lasts only for a mom and after it has passed away ?Uf capacity for work falls enorm ly. It does this: It brings uf 1 reserve forces of the body throws them into action, I- - ?..u 4-v.of wVion these tne reaun, umv .? used up there is nothing tc ap back upon. Its effect is pre ly like a general throwing . bulk of his army into the u ' and then bringing up, as fj er- he can, all of his reserve: hat throwing them in also. Th 1? mediate effect may be imj 1^. ive, but the inevitable res *** obvious. As a work producer it .. D. ceedingly extravagant, am all other extravagant mea: i ad- leads to a physical bankn srick It is also curious that troop LL. not march on alcohol. I w lurch you know, with the relief c idon, [ that moved on Lady smith. * J. D. ARTHUR, Cashier. EI E ?nters National Bank, iness at the "Old Stand." n Unhin. UHOt $10^,000, [j Hank ill Union. nountiiiK to $200,400. interest on deposits, ion inspected by an otliccr. lit, ami Safe with Time-Lock, VLL the Hanks in Union combined. .ICIT YOUR BUSINESS. of course, it was an extremely trying time by reason of the hot weather. In that enormous column of 30,000, the first who dropped out were not. the tall men, or the short men, or the big men, or the little men?they were the drinkers, and thev dropped out as clearly as if they had been labeled with a big letter on their backs. With regard to the circulation. Of course it produces an increased heart-beat, a fuller pulse and redder skins, but the moment the effect has passed off the action of the heart is absolutely and emphatically weakened. Consequently the temporary effect is produced at an enormous cost. Then there is its action on the central nervous system. Here its action is that of a poison. It first stimulates the nervous system and then depresses it, and, as with other poisons which act upon this part of the body, the higher centres go first. They become a little dull -a little less quick and acute. It is very trifling, but there it is; so that the man who does his work on alcohol?even a very moderate amount?is not at his best. "Leaks" in Crop Reports. I | Advance information regardingThere have frequently been intimations that officials in the department were in collusion with ' outsiders, and sold to them * "tips" as to the condition of the { crops. Suspicion was aroused 3 by the course of the market just ? prior to the publication of the * June cotton report, and Secretary 0 Wilson, on complaint of the e Southern Cotton Association, 0 made an investigation, and dis>e missed an associate statistician . of the department for selling advance information to speculators. *r Gloss Bricks. rv r* The manufacture and use of J.s paving and building bricks made r.l~ of devitrified glass have attracted ?n some attention recently in Eu!}e rope, especially in France. V.e Broken bottles, broken window. panes and other glass refuse are J,s turned, by a patented process, ut~ into tiles, paving squares and flags for sidewalks. A rough ;ult surface like that of common brick can be given to them. In the . 0 city of Lyons a piece of street lin" pavement formed of this material _ has withstood as hard usage as any pavement would be subjected lth' to. The makers rlaim that it possesses greater resistance than stone, is impermeable to water, rtu- and is a "poor conductor of cold." OW- in Hamburg, Germany, transent, lucent glass bricks have been the usefl for the walls of buildings ous- which are required to be at once ) the fire-proof and windowless. and with POINTED PARAGRAPHS. ; are ? (ah Most men who pay as they go cise-1 are very slow travelers, the I Gossip and ice cream spoons fray open many feminine mouths, ist as No man with a torpid liver can s and ke a successful optimist, e im- it sometimes happens that a ?ress- man lies when he smiles and says suit is nothing. A woman in politics is about is ex- as ornamental as a diamond in 1 like a mud puddle, sures, There would be no such as a jptcy. silent tomb if women had their s can- way. ras, as if ap donkeys had long ears it olumn would be necessary to change and, the style of masculine headgear. ,? 0