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THE UNION TIMES PUBLISHED EVERY FRIDAY ?BY THE ? UNION TIMES COMPANY Second Floor Times BuiliAng over Fosto*fick, Bell Fhoxk No. 1. L. (i. Young, Manager. Registered at the L'ostotllce in Union, S. C., as second-class mail matter. SUBSCRIPTION RATES One year ------- $1.(R Six months ------ flu cents Three months ----- 25 cents ADVERTISEMENTS One sq-iare, llrst insertion - - $1.00, Every ibsequent insertion - 50cents, Con acts for three months or longei .wm oe naue at reuucea rates. Locals inserted at 8J cents a line. Rejected manuscript will not be retailed. Obituaries and tributes of re ispectwill be charged for at half rates. UNION. S. C.; JULY S, 1904. * v TWO DECISIONS OF GENERAL . INTEREST AND IMPORTANCE. / ^ . - We publish in this issue of The Times a synopsis of two judicial de* - . cisions ft* ndered by United States ft ** r ' District and Circuit Judges. The de "cision by Judge Emory Speer is one . calculated to make the recorder and * police magistrate tremble in contetn^plafion of hY^feinerity in havingsen ** teilced* offenders* a-jjd violators of a '"city ordinance., to work upon the chain gang, for, said' Jujigc Speer,. the question involv&lVi vftifithor a recorder can, witha^r affy sort of criminal pleadftig and without the intervention of a jury convict a 'citizen twiuc iui >nn?iuun ui *?uuni iui jm i urdinance and sentence.tb months at hard labor on the ehaln^^gtyig, the punishment to be suffer^'in tfap penitentiary. Can it be inaintaivbl in the light of the constitution ffcj^.jone man under any form of^profcwfure devised oj to be devised .b^i locsjljvgislation can consign men, womfcrrVind children to a chaingung for aiua&*trivial offenses as are within thefjjprisdiction of a police magistrate?.*We fully agree with this ablSjudge in the main and from a constitutional vice, but often circumstancnalf&rs t. cases. The other decision oily reconfirms a law, a decision, aqp.aeon? _ _ _ stitutional right, with reference *to the xreerrthti vr ti.>, ?? paper is, through its editor, only do iii^; uiv jjuum; a uiiuawic ?cr?M;c uncu critisizing the acts of a public servant, let him be president, governor, . or Judge. The people have a right to know, and the press a right to publish every violation and departure of a public servant from his legitimate line of official duty. 'SIC TRANSIT GLORIA MUNDI," FOURTH OF JULY. * "E pluribus unum," waS the man that made the drum ; so thought we when a boy. South Carolina,^ one among the many, nnd most of the other Southern States maintained a State pride and sovereignty, and-did xiot observe by celebrating the day of national independence. North of the M ?son and Dixon line it is entirely ? ainerera as me people nave mtie or no State pride, bat j?o*9t> only of 11 . 'National existeoQfe'*therefore regard July 4th as a day for greater rejolc. ipg and ?elebration than December ml during the Civil War the ' \ . Confederates knowing that the YarVkees were likely to be making . greater preparations for merrymaking thiaViJfor lighting, on that day tin Confederates were sura to precipitat* a fierce fight and were sure to win In the last decade the people of th? South have been observing this as n , national holiday and celebrating it in various ways. The Fourth at Union was unite ? gala day. The business houses ami mills were all closed : evervbodv fell free and easy, dressed in their nest, bent on a good time. The bicycle races were quite an attractive feature of tlie day's pleasures. The biggest tiling at which mote poople gathered was the Crawfort, May and McKisalck barbecue on tie graded school grounds. A numbtf of candidates were present but note were willing to make a speech. The restaurants did a thriving bisinoss; in fact, every place at which something to eat could be obtainel wero well patronized. The beer priv ilege stands wero crowded from thopening to the closing. The tow was thronged with rnerry, jovial pe<pie; but. no drunkards were in evdence. A mysterious looking caravan let Union very early Monday morninq going west. No one seemed to knr,v tbe destination, but many gueana {I h ; wore made as it had been whispered that there was to be a cocking main at Murphy's old mill pluce. We were j told that a traveling man from Greenville said on Saturday, to u chosen few that Greenville, Laurens, Spartanburg and Union were to meet at "this secluded spot and have a big cock light, but no one seemed to know Anything about it. We have 1 not heard of any Hlock House tragedy as a result of this sport at Muri phy's mill place. This whole allair i seems to have been quietly managed, and since the day passed, evory thing * is mum, silent as the grave. It is a shame that this lovely, picturesque Spot, the play ground of innocent, happy children, should thus be dese. crated by cruel heartless sport There was a picnic at Shelton', Her bron and Jonesvilie. The entire day was spent in pleasure parties, and all sorts of sports. CHAINGANG OUTLAWED. Beyond the Jurisdiction of Municipal Authorities According to Judge Speer. United States District Judge Emory Speer, of the western division of the southern district of Georgia ren1 dered an opinion of far reachiug importance last Tuesday, involving the authority of municipal courts ail over tl,,, fn ~' tuv vvuuv&j i<j ccuiuuvc v lvnaiuin vji municipal ordinances to lQcaJ .chaingangs. The case came before Judge Speer on a writ of habdas "corpus: ?j)-^ plied for by Henry Jamison, A ne^o, for release from the custody of.JJ/.X. VVimbish, superintendentof thjhfhbb county, Ga., chaingangu' Judgje ^ipeer in a lengthy opinionxlecidcd that the superiutendeut.was vWlhout authority to holdjfKe prisoner'and directed his iinmediai'e release. In passing upon the case Judge Speer eld led' attention* to the fact that th* commitment! from the recorder's court "was (t sentence and nothing more," a'nd^that there was no finding of guity or innocence by the recorder. "The* question involved," said Judge Speer, "is whether the recorder of Macon can; without any sort of criminal pleading and without the intervention of a jury, convict a citizen twice for violation of a municipal ordinance aud sentence him to seven months at hard punishment to be s tillered in a branch of the penitentiary." Continuing, he said; : of ^T^onstitiiUbn thai one man, under any form of procedure devised or to oe devised by local legislation, can consign men, women unci children to u cfiuingang for such trivial olfenses us are within the jurisdiction of n po( lice magistrate?" Judge Spc-cr seversly scored the 1 chain^ang methods und said: "Indeed it may be with entire accuracy declared that the voluminous and- exhaustive preparation of the city attorney Imd the subsequent examination by.;^to?'eourt has evoked no shred of authority, either American or English," where a sentence by a police magistrate to ft public chaingang, with the ignotntoious accessories of fetters, the stripes, lash and of tlie depradation of convict life has been sustained or eyefi palliated. Under tlie American system the chuingung has n6 place in the jurisdiction and procedure of jaolice court where trial by jury is uot a light ef the accused." He then declared the sentence o/ the recorder void, for want of due process of law and because one man cannot ha iuds?o of infamv. "Like thousands of oppressed, and downtrodden," he said, "through all (he centuries since that glorious day iti the history of the human liberty when the great charter made forever imperishable the principle that 'no freeman may be taken or imprisoned but by the lawful judgement of his peer- or by the law of the land.' He applied for the greui writ of right, the writ of habeas corpus, and he humbly seeks the portals of the court whose judges are sworn to know no difference between the rich and the poor, where justice ever bends the listening ear to catch thq plaint of i the humble unci the, lowly.* If," he I said further, "tho%*<prayor of the petitioner must be denied, then the statute authorizing the United States courts and tho judges thereof to issue the writ of habeas corpus to protect the rights of the citizen guaranteed by the national constitution has at last been successfully nullified." Judge Speer declared that the ar1 ('umenl had been advanced bv a road commissioner that while a sentence i to the chaingang would forever ruin a white man previously respectable it had 110 such effect on a respectable 1 negro. Ho held that sucli considerations do not appeal to a court charged with the equal enforcement of the law, and he did not believe they met the approbation of the best people of tho souther/! states nor were they conducive to the welfuro of the south or hopeful for its future. Judge Spoor concludes with an argument made by him 20 years ago and which he reaffirms. In this he said that "though tho color line expert may so declare, this is no color line caso. It is a negro today. It will be a whito man, aye white child and a white woman tomorrow. In this court the law is equal and for all." I The Philippine Exhibit at l the Worldffalr. Prior to the short and decisivel ar between the Unitod States and S?n, on the 'sluid of (hihi, and tlie cobgeoue waters, huuianturiau ostensibly >n the part ??f tii ! Unite I States; tectorial rights on the part of Spain was >ught. Little was known of that island ad its inhabitants by a large majority of>eople of the United States, although seirated from her shores by so short a distace of ocean travel. The result was aevtiatton, revenue and education. AfcUb the same time of the Uubau consult, Admiral Dewey was in Manila B^ other Spanish waters, captured tliecitff Manila, the capital of the island of mzon, one of the Phillipiue islands wiiic compose most of that wonderful arcluelago in the Pacific ocean, some farteen thousand miles away from us. Today the Philippine exhibit is the most/aried and extensive of all other p.mplpaat the World's Fair. We give a short xtraut from what is said of this exhibit >y one of tliejraan-agers of the Philippine Expo-' silioti at St. Louis. ^ The one thing that lias stood a the way of the proper developrueut ?i any colonial possession by its governingoountry, has been the faot# tlmt a Ick of Knowledge of 'lie real conditions aid ntfairs ot their colonies has blocled the 1 way of tiie legisl ation most necesary for such development au$; ex foliation Every American.feudent of thePhiliv pine Islands hSb this trath tirust,1 upon liiiu, aud reblj/^s just* wbit if?." me.tnt by theC ^VVTiite Man's Burfen," ' tot/ts^eljlb^e is pot one tb be leard aJfvocateVabanttonmenb, or on? who agtlir" "T^at east is east, and wist is west, and never the two shall uaoct," A ilealtliy tone of optimism is tbikeynote of our national character, and those conversant with affairs Philipine Hope to see tlie meeting of Orient aud Occident with;u the present century. A ? .... J !.l, J! . J. id una run <i ^ i'll 11 hi Kiuuiy luieraocj has pervaded the general scheme of Philippine reconstruction since the days . of the first, peace commission. A paternal hand has attempted to guide these primitive people along the road of prog- ' ress, and a fraternal greeting has met them at every milestone on the way *.? | This benevolent assimilation ha? proved itself a strong feature in ih-? set.** tkmeut of vexed question? in our fa away possessions, tace antipathy is ueaiiv a thing of the past,'and there has been a visible, palpable iiuprovement along all lutes, until today the one thing that seems to insure a continued peace and prosperity in the Philippines is a oleuer understanding by the people of the of the duties thrust up- n eiguly of the Pnillipiue islands. '* When, with the other foreign countries, the rhilipiue government was invited to participate in the Louisa) a I'uichase Kx.jrosiiion, Governor Taft ^ siw an opportunity to present to the oenplc of the United States a vivid outline picture of the Philippine Islands and their eight million inhabitants. TIIK SGOI'K OK THE EXPOSITION. For the purpose of securing, organiz- 1 ing and making an exhibit of Philippine products, manufactures, art, entbology, t educa* ion atal the customs and habits of r ihe Philippine people at the Louisiana , Purchase Exposition, Gov. Taft induced ilie Philippine Commission to take du 1 like matter and they by an act, oaten. * I November 11, 1902, appointed an Exobglt 8ilion Board, consisting of the folfoj^ngw, gentlemen: Di. W. P..* Wilson, direct<Mk of I he Philadelphia Commercial Dr. Gustivo Niederleio, an ex|>fljfc^w| World's Fair matters, and Senosjgjuj^H Pedro A Paterno, president of theTnflBB Qtpine Senate under Aguinaldo, withjHJ Le^ti Guerrero as s&Qi^arv. ( OVKK ONK^HLION dollars The, total a}4iirdJr^jB>n for the purpose of gathering IJod installing ?t#ia* Philippine ExpwitiQjjv^t the World's ! Fair, St. Louis, replies the stmt of ' $1,0*10,000, .of whlchjj&ilh but $200,000 I cornea from* the Philippine insular gov- > erntiie it. This sum aoes not include the . value of the p^t^t& telegraphic aud ' transportation facilities placed at thedis- < posal of the Biard by the insular govern- ! ntent \ . * ( LARGEST BinrBIT AT FAIR. , The Philippine Exposition consists of nearly one hundred buildings, ranging in ) size and oonsu uctiotV from the ' Taos" . uipa casa to the palatial Spanish Administration Building, occupying 47 acres of (tilling woodland, in which are housed < some 75,000 catalogued exhibits, ?s well , asl.100 representatives g>f the different ( peoples, showing cletrly all tlie grida- 1 lions of the civili/.rtion. of the islands. The Philippine Exposition is the "largest single exhibit at the Fair; the most in- ( teresting, and is the garden spot of the ( eniue Exposition. The ground, which is situated at the ' west end of the Wo Id's Fair, and is a beautiful tract, of roll'ng woodland, | whose sylvan beauty tnaKeiiiptoiurasqne background for its Oriental setting, wa* ceremoniously delivered to Dr. YVilson. chairman of the Plidippine Exposition Hoard on October 1. llMki, bill it. was not until Ins return from the i Philippine Islands in June, lbO.'J. lint around was hroKen and woik acively gunimenctd. K irly in Oclotier, l'.IOJ, Hie Jural Filipino Carpenters and builders ! egad to arrive, and commenced the work df building their na'ive houses and camps. The tilst. building was the (uiartel, an immense two story building ^vith d7,00d square fee of <1 >or sp ice Tips was used for the purpose of stmit g thejExposition uia'ciia! until such lime h4 the other buildings might lie re ready to recieve it From l hat time on, more inhibits have been received, and moie laborers have lieen put to woik until UnhJ/ the Philipine Exposition stands a mo u anient to Secietary Tafl and his aMe assistants, the Philippine Exposition ioard. 1 ' A Mirror ? I #> The Shoe $ the high* | every ca; wear out V .J comfort, i | snap and !,1 lower tha % "I | the same UT."1 '1 mafiy si 1 ^ | values w n - -L V ' MUTUAL t St ' " ^1 THE GLORIOUS FOURTHlonesville People Enjoy the Day with Picnics, Barbecues, and Base Ball?People Coming1 and Going. Jonesville, July 4th. The davi s being observed as a legal holiday, ind in many respects, more jfPm isual. Some of the stores and bhsiless houses are closed, and both tKe nills are closed down and two games >f base hall have been played between he looal team and Union: .result, deven for Union and ten for Jonesrille, and twelve for Union and'O for lonesville. LLast Saturday the mill people had Btbarbccue and picnic at ^Webber's an,l the cVoqp^wta large, the nrna am J iU A ? 1 nan uuuuijyir^ ami U1C UrUCT wa^njtvery b'e^t,* &s peace and good ivill?pre^iled., Last;W?fn^sday we had the heavesj'rain from G to 8:30 p. m. that we lave had in twenty years, and again Saturday eveniug there was sqine 'ain herfe and in the community and i severe hail and wind storm, the center of which was about Mr. 11. W. Lemaster's, one and a half miles East )f Jonesville. Mr. Lemaster's cotton >vas badly damaged by the hail. There is considerable grass on the farms arid work must be continued for some time. Mr. J. J. Littlejohn left here tolay for Bonham, Texas to visit Mr.. J. S. Crawford, who is suffering with cancer. Capt. F. M. Farr", of Union,J accompanied Mr. Littlejohn. Their mission is a sad one, as they ?0 to visit the one a brother, and the )ther"a brother-in-law perhaps for :he last time on earth. The Rev. F. C. Felmet filled his inonthly appointment at Gilead church yesterday and he had a good congregation. The Rev. David llucks filled his pulpit at the Mothodist church here 1 i \ % ? > asc nigni ana nis auaicnce wan large. I The Sunday School at the Motholist church here yesterday morning ,vas largely attended and very interesting. The school stood and sang ?s a tribute to the day we celebrate, My Country, 'tis of thee, sweet and of liberty." Quite a number )f visitors attended the Sunday School, and they represented many Darts of the country, viz.; Union, Pacolet, Spartanburg, North Caroina, White Stone, and that far off ;ountry, Italy. A lively crowd of pleasure seekers * of Wlat's s and Slipprrs we ist to the lowest gi L se well made. Shoes or Slipp and find they ai good style. The j n any other Shoes quality. Come ii ew pairs on your^i '# fecial features, a ill speak for therm t \n\/ nnnno mi uuuuo F\ HARRY, Managi 4 l_j . _ _J . 9' " boarded tt^ptrain here this morning for WbiUf^Stone Springs and other ptaap* . Mrs. Sunie Eagleton, of Genoa. Italy, with two little step daughters, are visaing the family of Mr. Sam Littlejohn. Mrs. James Stevens is also visiting Mr. Littlejohn's family. Miss S?sio Hudson, of Morgantown, rf^jjC., is visiting the family of Scott. <*)Vii8S" Etha Ilamcs and Miss Lizzie Wltirlock are attending the sumdM# school aPltock Hill. Mgesra.. Herbert Lindsey fcand Walter Colton, and many oth^rs*?f the Union team, are spending Afce Fourth in Jonesville. Mt. Geo. Perfin is spending*the Fourth in Union. * Mr. lioyd Orr and Miss Fannie Cook were married yesterday, ltev. David Hucks officiating. Miss Josephine Itodgers of .Atlanta is visiting her sister, Mrs. Dr. Columbus. 1 Mr. J. II. McKissick spent yesterday in Union. Mr. Vernon Iluskcy, of White Stone, spent yesterday in our town. Mr. G. B. Fowler is putting in a wheat mill at the Kennedy mill a few miles west of Jonesville. . This is one of the old time water mills and there are but few of them in the rnn nti'u ? Tmnn..?? X KiibrnufllS. EDUCATIONAL CONFERENCE ... .V- AT WINTHROP. * . Meeting of Representative Educators to Discuss Meeds of Public School System. rVe publish the following notice of a meeting to l>e held at Winthrop. College, the purpose of whici is todffyjsejl possible, some means Woking to ^tj0tfietter system by which on public may lie mofe profitably conducts l'he necessity for this move is obvlois, as tlixmfctem i n our State is the tjost defective of all others if we are to judge from results. Ivonsioering 10 tn? little rood derived from the enormous xpenditure of mom v for the purpose of ublio education; that its system is woenlty defective is evidenced by flie callig of this meeting for its betterment. Ye are glad that ibis action is to be tahn, for the reason that it shows those ii authority are at last awake and alivftoour needs, ard determined to rnakn change for the better: On July 14th, t<)4, at Winthrop (College, ltock Hill, 5, CM wo are planning to have a Conferee to discuss the defects and needs (our public school system, and to deve plans for its tietter1 meat. At Una onfereace we hope to r > Doing. t | sell from rade is in You can ers. with I re full of | >rices are ^ C ; made of ri and let | !eet. The | I*.' f) ^=^=sd^== COMPANY, sr. ' m - have not only school men and women, but lawyers, editors, physicians, ministers, statesmen, business men and in fact this invitation is extended to all who are interested in our schools and who are 1 billing to help in their improvement. mi.u .? ? ?*? ? * - x ma meeting rfvi11 Da canea to order at 10 o'clock a. m. The State Summer ??bool will be ia session and the State e&cher's Association will convene on tbe following day. Reduced railroad * rates?one fare plus 21 cents for the round trip?have been secured, and it is believed there will be a large and earnest gathering of prominent South Carolin* r iaA8 especially interested in schools. The general subject of the Conference will be: "The greatest needs of our . public school system," and it will be discussed under the following heads: 1. Necessary Physical Equipment. 2. Qualified Teachers. . A 3. Competent Supervision. 4. Consolidation of Schools. .1. Public High Schools. i. (S. Local Taxation. 7. Libraries. 8. Improvement in Course of Study. 9. Sentiment. 10. Needed Legislation. Some of the ablest men and women in public and private life in the State have * .been asked to take part in the program; and it is hoped that much good may re miiil iruoi inis meeting. I D. C. Hey ward, O. B. Martin, , ' t ; D. B. Johnson. , . 1 , CARNEGIE'S CL9CKA | ??????? , With Many Odd Devices It Is the ** Most Wonderful in the World> George I'. Brooks, a representative of a well-known London jewelers, and ail- 4 versmiths, gives an interesting deicrip- , < tion of a clock, which he declarer is the most wonderful clock in the wdrld, and. which his lirm recently made for Andrew Carnegie. a "The clock is no\y in the large entrance hall of Skibo (ktstle, Mr. Carnegie's residence in Scotland," said Mr. Brooks. "There is not another clock like it in the world. It is contained in a handsome solid silver frame three feet wid.- and live feet long. It represents a : noonday landscape veiy cleverly carried out. In the foreground, plum and cherry trees appear in bl?>om, while in tin* rear a hill is to he seen, from which flows a potty cascadp, imitated in crystal. From that cascade flows a tiny * st ream -vhich winds its way bet wren rocks and isid' ds and Anally loses itself in a stretch <>f woodland In a miniature sky a gol 'on sun turns on silver wire, sti iking ih- hour on silver gongs as it passes Each hour is marked by a crediting tortoise A bird of rich plumare warbles at the clivte of the hour, and as the warbling ceases a mouse sudd-n'v makes its appearance, and scampering over tire hill to garden; ia lost to view.? 1 Exchange.