University of South Carolina Libraries
IQ O C C C v C fi O O O O-Q-O O"1 fc> C w G> 0-0-??rvj-Ci>-\y-v-0-&-?-?-%w-#-i"?IP A COMPLETE OF THE |DREYFUS || CASE. j ie?o<KK)oo e a o-?-?-o-o-??^ oo'e-ooo^ao-oeoococ^o On Jan. 4, ISOo, while all Paris was physically freezing, hut mentally at boiling point, Cnptaiu Alfred Dreyfus was degraded in the courtyard of the Ecole Militnire. The troops wove drawn tip in hollow sou a re. In the middle stood the condemned man in fall uniform. General Dnrrus reail the finding of the court, and ' a sous oIEcicr did the rest. The alleged criminal shouted "Vive la France!" as each indignity was inflicted upou him. The scene was horrible. Noue present will ever forget it. But on the boulevards things were worse, for there the lowest passions of the human race were being catered for, uftcr the fashion of , the most degraded form of French gutter joi.nal'.jui. Tac outcry well served its ' primary purpose, for nil other troubles : veie forgotten. IV <pl? who had been having or. anxiour quarter of an hour be- 1 cause of the i'miuuin s, ndnls were able ' to breathe freely once more nod to join in the general outcry. And amid all the noisy vituperations of the crowd the ex- , captain parsed in.o cxil . protesting that j be hr?<l been nniu-t'y condemned. I urcyrus v. as m?iue a Jiuuienniu ot artillery i i 1832 anil a captain seven years l|*.. V *-. dki-A s^S- I I i AIM AI J. UI'aYI- C . Uitvr. Cfis vp ii en \>ts IV IV -v-?oi.th u> ti:'< ry ! ve .* : s bi'tf ro h'.i ui; 'jii'ca i Urtyi . i o . i uj'.uTvr 01 it i-.cii i '' jno. ?1 ilo;;!< r I'hoy livi-i; in ; ?. d- | - oin j.ji ti..o?r. s i i ?ii** ilno .!o 11 flei'o. : .'.il-to . v* -t ? t. lli? hi | in ! ,? ; !" ?t ii" <>i li. own, in | ' / ..i .ii 5', o low r . | ' ' iir u to 'ii" i> ft !/ !i l>u i I: <l i .1. "I'Pi" ' IO i ! ! :? -j . . -01.o ui s< u rc iiu s < iiopiilgH mi i" .-r . ..! J " ll -v .. iiy iii J- ii.i ? i m1 ai *! *.? ! oT tho n,in i rot * nC a* ' tiuio w** 1 i 1* itj '" n. a:'tii . .. 1 i oinju. Jli .,i:t| V'r,' n. I i> is y I winii ; tli.i fi.vr -uos i I '! L'l'lC. ' Div.\ v.i i am .to I 'Ki 1U, . ? iai. >.* in > iiiii" o'il .jot ? ii . :i 'I y : '..>? r' tutor ' j Miurlo om .. ! v < ou fi w ii "i i.?i red ,i it t D i"'1 l t? -o.l vi* s ". . - ill. i. f ?' -ui. : ? <?o. nt: 11/' I * ? !!: 1)1 i i. . ' t"-. . ti i? l|1| H >?. .. '16'"" ' * :?o i '.! 1 I I i e i i.i : i-i'.i-i v '***! -'a- ' , v m t; rr* le p ' /* .t X* i. i '.? . iii " .* >n-.>r a l l -. a to ( ' S? i : i . of ' ? r< ;i'* l< 5i K Vhiif . a ?!! hri.i i.-n i t? Maj)'c ??0 *' -a hi * . rit.> ii? Mac >' ')l U. . ? Or Ji*. co' " I'm* { '. u ut M .-use ' uf.ua i?U'. .< .< . >.'t.1 " i ,vj [)> ?ini c'* Me t ? y aj .'I , t>j * 1#t{ , '?outr ic I ; :*?-poat . : ? '? t?? a ?inc' ?? " t't * u " v. t :t { to *k j a -j i i tV cou t Kin' ul *. : * n> \ M" 1 out j I nova. ^lu . Is I*. -u n * !'a* <l?? CI ?'ii^ "* lone. f[ y #* ? ? the cbie n ci !? end il n! li ;? ? *>"ti. u' h. Inn ly m or i-nil tb.if Or, I..in Dreyf i i vas i; j i t Jslc'i ti *n n?n. D"? u! i. Si mi it* ii?'vspuporM m tlo The 1 '* tt-ii:t nt 'cl:; ii;i*tr. Civ .mn 1 .mi Hi -y si. re< u..> ii ?]< *?p rate u a. ;ad" ii otic f Jn . o ne a. srs j a *ed the *>ny for is . ri ?st. The Liur< i ..role .rnd that n l< had been lis'-o .ved <i | 'ttii , i.liti ry Ktt'ielst to n .'ore t,ii oot.'' <tho ilot .u> [ icion v:ns dir? .rud to a IIohre.N oro in the Half Captain .Dreyfus *\a* ti e only Hebn w oil the staff .A week after 11 e trial opened I hi' "sir. .tie -loetnpMit" :r> If Ii Avocat [h ru .;o ..vfeiirf- J was ma !e -it.t>Iic. It \: .: . i ..p-ornndiina. or lior oreau, without d t*? and V. Ithout slgortu ?\ It was su d,(l. i ?H- memorandim was foot"'' it' the wim * paper basket o? a *neir.bfe'.r ' f the < eraian etv.bussy be a ? py disguised ..os an Vlsatiaa. The dl e ivory was made X>y t'-e secret service I'pa rf.roent. which under the direr* >n of Du I'nty de C'.'s n ft wits he an I Colonel Henry w' o f -d that th handv riling it tie 1 irdefcau war wit-.iar to tuot of (,'nptain Dreyfus*. It's irtp^a4ion led to D evfus nrrest. Tue trial t un -d ip.>n ti e hand* writing. Five esp'Tts were given the nic *nor tndoin *orevamin tion. Three of their declared that it ? is .n the handwriting of 4L'aj>tr.Mi Preyfu*. Two Paul tt tvi: i .i?r. Haptni.i Oreyui was c'o?iv|ot?fl. He was B?.?n?oiic*'il t ? bo jmblj y stripped .if li)a in.iuuiu of ai.k uud to bo d fortod and kept in soii; ir; clh boomer t. It '.via t'la boa ring of "n* :,inn ivltoii ho underthe bi:ni latinfC dojrrad">t!' r> timt first Dropped sj-.upa'hy in his h -bolf. Cftptaiu Drey us uad boo.) take i to an idftaJ of lb* ?/ >?.'? ?>f KVenou Hernia 'lo .Mi i ii Hd tri.-?net.:ar dmpoo ?t ip of laud J o " tt h olb'W 'o i.iad /.lioro ?, *? than t ?is be w.n <:o<u.i I'- < Ly Use iu ft bu;. ? 1. /U < rif.'o tc-it h < a t N ?, CoO to b'llld, ?o ftu i'uI was ibe jovm?jpant Chat ha Liigut cacape Ua I003?0^??Q ># >>? ooao?-Mj-o3-9-mf 9 HISTORY 1$ . - ? oo With a Concise Sum- t T mnry of the Kvi- j. dcnco Given at the Am Second Court 31 or- CO tlal. OO o 9 e ooe 0 9-9-0+-*-*9-0+++0+Q+ lived a life of horrible Buffering. His guards were net permitted to speak to bin). But there was some sympathy for the lonely prisoner 011 Devil's island. There were people who did not believe him guilty, and among them many thinking Frenchmen. There wore sporadic efforts tAade in his behalf during 18UT> and 1890. but* they came to nothing. The army olllcers niul others constantly kept alive the nutiSeinitic feeling, which has grown stronger and stronger each year in France. Now niul then the government was questioned, Imt the inquirers wore silenced. Over and over again it was declared that the government had in its possession evidence which proved Dreyfus' guilt beyond all question. Du Puty tie Clam was promoted to a majorship. Colonel Picqunrt was placed in churgc of the secret service department. And this was an important event for Dreyfus, for Colonel Picqunrt is a fair man and an honest one, who believes that truth and justice come before the honor of the army and his own freedom. It came out that Emperor William of Germany had written to President Casimir-Perier at (lie time of Dreyfus' trial giving his word of honor as a man that Dreyfus had not betrayed France to tlie German government and adding that lie would if necessary give his "word as an j emperor with nil its consequences." It I transpired that the Italian embassador hail made a similar di ninl. Ilotli lie and the German embassador were compelled Jo leave Paris because of the attacks ' upon tfceni made hy the Paris newspa| pcrs. October. 189S, saw the beginning of the real fight for the condemned tpan 00 Devil's island. So far as public knowiJ edge give 1. It was opened by M. Scheu1 rer-Kestner. His mere advocacy of the condemned captain's innocence meant | muMv. M. ?chcurer-Kestner wrote n letfcor to ilto minister for war, piesenting documents proving Dreyfus' innocence and asking that his case lie reopened. He declared that the minister for war promised to look into the matter and make a reply within two weeks. Nothing was done, and he sent a letter to the newspapers tilling about it. Th.? senator also sent a letter to General L'.iilitt declaring that a rich and well known otlicer, prominent in society, had been requested to re.-ign in com ouuenee of the err. tinned leaking of military se, err to after Dreyfus' deport;:!' 11. M. I SiheU'c.-'scstuT declared that this per| son w.s the author of the bordereau. I Tins lett' r ma le a stir in 1'aris. It drew Major 'hst'-rh ./.y into tite ease. In fa< t. he den ur.eed M. Sch'.Mirer-Kestner end <i? nit ?1 ine chargn j'nrthei. he aIo1 'elansI thai Ji.P-.h*.'J--ffcuUed ne.Vional proofs of Dreyfus' gniir, which, lie said, ! were placed in his hand by "a veiled lady." I Captain Dreyfus' brother published a | direct ac nation that Major Esterhazy was the author of the bordereau. And I (hero c iiin" to light many curious letters, 1 aliiong thorn one in which Esterhazy ex! pressed tie bitterest untied for the Jews - r.iiil said no would l!l;o to slsiv all of them he could. There wee n'.*o letters nttack it).? F.. nee. Major Kstnrhnr.y's lmndwtitiu,' hears n strong resen. .lanee to tbui upon vuieli D.eyfus wes convicted. Ave; >.i'i .as 1 lCstcihaay grew so OU<|iy 'hut he was e lurched to request a court u:. "iial. ll<? was placed on the retired list a lew iiiim Lis before the court ' Martial, although he was perfectly well. Ijaieihny.y was. of course, acquitted by ' court ninrt2.il. Mathieu Dreyfus, a , brother .of Captain Drey fus, v. as the i principal Major Henry was the ' principal witness for the defense, and he I was supported also by 1 >u I'nty do Clam. ! r4?J)e a.'lcmpt to open tho Dreyfus case feUeo, hi?l. tho evidence which Senator I Sclieurpr-ive^itei presented to Cencrnl .? Billot, the niiu'.ster f,t war, was still in i the posscsaiou of the pepped man's I friends. I fh? strangely dramatic affair of Dreyi fus ? as .(Jestined to soon break out again. I GKNT-HAL J)K JBQlMJkFFlIE. Ills friends Lad enlisted the ?j iispnMiy of , Finite Zola in his behalf. A nu.i'eloiis collector of farts is Zola and a geinus iu relating <hcp). Ut* went over the evidence . carefully. Tlie result was the letter yhifb startied Fruwc, heginniiu; "J'necnse.*' He declared that Du I'aty Ue (.'lam ha? bee a the diabolical worker of n judicial l . rtor. that General Boindotfro, Oenewl 'Jouae and even the injnistor of war ! '.loved that Esterlinzy had written the hot i euit, hut kuowinp that EstevhAsyT comict'on would reopen the Dreyfus ca.-e th y w utld not disclose the evidence iu the;, possession. The accusation set nil Frn e f boilIPff It C<rthpoIied the govCiUtncot to place Kola on trial. 'Zola's conviction waa predetermine*?. . Hut the trial bore fruit. It showed a brave man and a true tnnn in Colonel Picquart, who stood before nil angered nation hurling insults upon Zulu. Dreyfus flnil 4hnu/? xvlin wore nrriivcil on tli:if si?l?* who braved oven tlic army for truth and Justice. Colonel Henry, tvho was really the chief accuser, roared and bellowed about the honqr of the army and ofHcial and state secrecy. He and General Couse tried to Incriminate Colonel Picquart. It was in this trial that the most important piece of evidence came out, the ihing which above nil others led people who were unprejudiced to believe that Dreyfus was unjustly convicted. It transpired thnt when the captain was put on trial nil of the members of the court mnrtinl did not believe that Dreyfus wrote the accusing memorandum. They bftsitnted to condemn him. Then it was thnt General Mercier took them aside and secretly showed them a letter ! in which were the following words: "Ce I canaille do I) uevient trop exigoant" (That scoundrel of a D is becoming . too exacting). This letter was not shown to the prisoner or his counsel. The letter purport lieutenant ( oljonk^ i'k quakt. ed to hnve been written by Colonel von Schwa rzknppen. the military attache of the Gcnnan legation. All the world knows of the disgraceful I scenes In the Zola trials, the attacks 1 made upon him in and out of court, the I nssault9< upon Hebrews and the crop of j duels. J The next step resulted in Colonel E'ic| quart's arrest. He appeared in the cham| her of deputies, where he declared that i the "ce canaille" letter was a forgery. After he was thrown into prison Colonel Henry was given his piaee at the head of the secret service department. Then tho affair dragged along. Zola's bccoqu trial and the resulting exile the was fined 3,0(10 francs and sentenced tq i six months' imprisonment ou the first j trial) kept matters alive. ! Some time after came the news of the arrest of Colonel Ilenry on the charge ot . forging the secret document which con| vieted Captain Dreyfus. Fast upon the ' heels of this came the news of his suicide j with n razor which he had been allowed to keep for the purpose. Then the re' visionists took hope once more. Excitement following Henry's suicide ! had not subsided when the dismissal of | General ltoisdcffre as chief of staff was : announced. Then came the dismissal of 1 M. Cavaigunc as minister of war and the suspension of Du I'aty de Clam from no tive duly. Mine. Alfiod Dreyfus made n , formal demand upon the keeper of seals ; fo: a revision of her husband's convic' t'o", and (dv.icrni Xut-iimlcu. who had succetded Cuvnifcnac, was relieved. Cha; uoiuo took his place, and hjsterhu'/.y disnppeared mysteriously. Just prior to j these falls from mace, on Kept. 110, 1808, the council of the cabinet directed the j court of cassation to investigate aud re| port uj)ou the propriety of granting Dreyj fus a ucw trial. In May, 1800. the court I decreed that Iireyfus had been convicted illegally aud was entitled to another , court martial. ' On the third day of July, J 1800, Dreyfus reached France, and his ' second trial opened on Aug. 7. with Colonel Jouaust. director in tire engineer corps, as president. (Jcuernl the,Marquis de Onllifet, an uncompromisingly honorable man, hud in the meantime become J minister of war. and the conspirators j soou came to realize that no more nou sense would he tolerated, i prey fus' lawyers in his second trial I were Mujtre Deuinntfc. who had defended him when he was first accused, and ! Mnitre Labot-i, whose conduct of the I Zola case made him famous. The latter j was given entire charge of matters, nl I kUWUfeii ??;i Mil: IIIOI ? uviv wi nu i/viuiiu^u was unassisted owing to the fact that 1 Labori was shot down on bis way to court. His j-'covery and his subsequent l brilliant nnd merciless handling of the titled conspirators was one of the most fcppStQjionnl features of the trial. The firsf day's proceedings were public, i The prisoner was airaiKcei) and declared his innocence. The bordereau was shown him, but be declared be bad not written If. It was a long nnd searching examination. touching his acquaintance with Esterhazy, Colonel Henry nnd his alleged | dealings with representatives of foreign governments. General Mereier was tlie tirst prominent army inau to testify. He stated that lib had hocome thoroughly convinced ?( the guilt of Dreyfus nnd e: plained j that his opinion was bused 'pri ?< i.<a!ly upon the conviction that Drey as hufl t written .lie bordereau. IIlo opl ion remained the same despite Estcihu; /*:; eonI fession that he (Esterhazy) had wiitten j it. lie also intimated that Cms aiir-l'eri^r, president of France at the tine. waa fully eogiilzaut q[ everything t nt had j been douc and made iio' tohjectio ? Ci.s! imir-Perler demanded to be coi fn nted with Mercler and denied etnp! atj -ally that tbu true facts of the case h d been stated to ldin. lie also stated t int I.ebrun-llenault, tho captain who es.ilied that Dreyfus had made a partial confession to him, had falsified the tr tl: and that Dupny, the then premier, w is firesj ent at the interview. When Duj u.v had | questioned the captain as to the <au>o ol ! tiis presence there, the lattci !; id said that he hnd been vent <}own to tl e presiI dent by Morder to receive '.. nssnijj down" for his indiscreet diselo .ins tc ! the Figaro newspaper. Cnsim' -I'orlei , also denied the nascition of the genera staff that the country at the t in lm?] been on the verge of war with G< riuuny. j Mcrcier admitted that an exp anntior I of the secret dossier had been p> ?l ired but that ho was unable to produ-e it, n< | Jt had Ltjep destroyed. He felt that h< ! had n fight to do ibis, as the d ctunenl had been prepared for his p?rson 1 use. hi. Debon, former minister of t'i< coin | plea, i)ft"r admitting that the 'to y il the horrible treatment accorded i Drey , fits op Devil's island was corr< ct salt . that be bud been ordered by I.is : iji rjoii , to adopc n course of the ut mo * iff or t This wits the only point in the tr!ul a which Drevfus Wopt. Mam. SLmmtf? ttoo widow of colon* who, after confessing that lie j>repared the bordereau and being arrested therefor had committed suicide, testified that her tiusband was (irmly convinced of the guilt of Dreyfus and that what he had I done was simply for the croud of France. CSciicrnl Hoget's eviuence was a vitriolic diatribe ngaiust Dreyfus from beginning to end and was practically a repetition of Mercier's testimony. M. Hertullus, the exatuiuing magistrate who received Lieutenant Colonel Henry's confession of forgery, said that an ex haustirc examination of the case and tlie application of the principle of exchisior | tended to convince him that it was nol j possible for Dreyfus to have cnmiuiltotl [ the crime of which lie was accused. ' Colonel Picqnart, star witness for the 1 defease, next testified. Coming to the discovery of the bar [ derenn at the time that he was in charge ; of the secret bureau and hail been or I dere-el to investigate the Dreyfus case, he j described bow the handwriting of every ' body at headquarters was examined am! i told how Du Pnty de Claiu was assignee! [ to compare fhe handwriting of the docu 1 ment with that of Dreyfus. I)e Clan urged Dreyfus' immediate arrest and .f search of his house, which was made 1 but. tlie witness added, nothing was dis covered previous to the first trial ex cept the bordereau, l'icquart said thai he expressed the opinion that the bur dereau was insuflicicut, and it was at that juncture that Henry made his sen sationnl deposition to the ollicers of tin court martial resulting in Dreyfus' con viction. In reply to Hoget's insinuntiot that l'icquart had tried to suhstitutt porvnl for Dreyfus as the traitor. Pic quart said that the former was uudei strict surveillance fur a long time by or a?.. r v....is...i.... it.. UCI \?4. UCIICI 111 /iUIIIIIUVII. I|l* IIUWI.M. that it would have been impossible foi Prcyfus to have written the hordereni and concluded !iis testimony with tin statement that if Dreyfus got the not* about Madagascar he was smarter that his chief (I'icqunrt). who had not at tha time received it. Picipiart furtlier testi lied that he first saw the secret dossier it August. 1S9(?, lit which time lie riftde at , exhaustive exainiuaiioit of (he do-ninonl: contained in it. Me discus.seil them o<i< by one anil explained De Clam's- part it innnufacturinir the case against Dreyfus Certain of the pieces in the diplonntft I dossier he detnonstrated to he forgeries Others he proved could not possibly bt coustrued as point in;; to Dreyfus' treason S He then startled the court by the slate i incut that a war map and other papers ol ; the greatest importance had diaappenrui j from the bureau after Dreyfus had beet i transported. Answering the nllegatioi that he had selected Kxtcrhaz.v as a vie tHii because of his dislike for him. h< said that he had not known of i'ster hasty*s existence until lie began an inves , ligation of the Dreyfus matter, llenrj had stated to him that he could f.ttd not It tng against Msteihazy and always re MAITHES PEMANGE AND LAEOUI. 1 fused his niil. lie repeated his deciarntloii made before the royrt 01 cassation that when lie informed General (rouse that he believed Dreyfus innocent and Msterhnzy guilty (Jonse directly forbade hini to open tiie case, saying, "If you say I nothing, nobody will be the wiser," ' Gonse was confronted with I'icquart and J denied this. ' Itoget also confronted Picqnnrt. whe ! refused to modify his testimony in the ; slightest degree, and the same result was arrived at when Mercier nlso faced the lieutenant colonel. Mercier was compelled to admit for the (irst time that he had ; sent seeret documents to the court mar , tint in 181)1, one of which was the fa ! raous "ce canaille de D" letter. lie nlac shocked even the members of the court | martial by the cold blooded admission i that evidence practically known to be ' fnlse was used to secure the conviction j of Dreyfus. When pressed for n reply tc - the question as to whether he <1 id not I know all the time that the "D" referred i to a spy named Dubois, ho hesitatingly | said. "Well, I bad my doubts." Mnjoi Cuignct, who was on the general stafl j when Dreyfus was a probationer, testi. fied that Dreyfus once asked hint to givt : hint the general scheme of mining rail . roads, giving as a reason that he was anxious to iucreaso his knowledge. C'ui guet at first refused, but finally yielded j to Dreyfus' importunities. When the lat { ter's house was searched the notes were | not discovered. On cross examination the j major was made to contradict him elf on I several important points. Dreyfus de | nounced lilm in court as a liar. At this point Major Corricre announced thai i j Colonel da Paty de Clam was too ill tc I i attend the court martial, and an orJti was issued that his deposition be takes ' at his residence, tints doing away v.itli i the possibility of c'-os$ examination. The ' deposition afterward turned out to h< practically a repetition of his former tes ; timony before the court of cassation j Glacial Hoisdcffre testilied that aftoi ' the ai est of Dreyfus the leakages in thi i lnf< n> nll'iii department ceased, but wort resuo d ! iter. He said that lie ;,":.s con , vineeu >f Dreyfus' guilt and was follow ; ed by General Oonse, who also testified ! in a like strain. Commandant I'abrt ; I testified that several ollieera of the wai i J tilfico continued Dreyfus' Riiilt by sayiin ' that he had sought for information <u I the points mentioned in the bordereau I Lieutenant Colonel Abouvllle testlied ii the same strain as Fa lire and Cuignct. ! M. Cochefert. tlio detective who arrest ' ed Dreyfus. admitted that Ih? li ad bellev od in Dreyfus' Ruilt, but thnt his oplnlot j was based principally upon the "er.nnilh ; do 1> " letter. M. Gribelln was pros 1 out when I)u Pnty.de Clnm dictated t< j preyfua Immediately after his arrest ex ! tracts from the Lordcronu nnd said tlin , when Dreyfus was asked for an w plana fion of the ti'-inblinj: of hi* hand he re plied "that his Augers were cold." Grii elii admitted that ho ha ! opened Picqua.l'j t letters by order of hi? superior*, nnd Mb jor Lauth testified that Colonel Ileu^ I Vm tfct oaJf eftfwsr bar lag dirtfi nit tions with the i - w !;<> brought the bordereau to the war ?.;!? ?*. lie made tin- cnuit laugh ly saying snl.etly that ( thoiv was only a slight acipinintnuco betwoe 11 Henry and l'>terha/.y. Ho repeated bis allegation that I'kijmu t twice proposed to hint to have a date stamp pat 011 the "petit bleu" in the posto'lloe. This I'icqiiait immediately anil emphatically denied, saying that when the doer.ment , was delivered to Lautl) it was perfectly 5 clean, lint when be t I'ieijuart) returned from iiis mission lie found that a portion , of the word "Ksterliazy" had been erased , and written over with different ink. M. [ Junek testified that he had seen iMeyfes I in the cotupnny of loose women at the Concottrs Tlippiquc and that the prisoner ? afterward told him one of these was Mine. Vfaltes.se, at whose house lie often went to gamble. Dreyfus denied all of . the witness' v.ta^-monts with reference to the women. , Maitre I.nbori, cornsel for Dieyft'.s, returned t > work on Aug. 22, ami the ease I for the defense immediately became more j aggressive. Lahori rend a long blackmailing letter from Lajonx to the minis tor of war demanding money as the price of liis silence, lie asked Captain Gretiier if Grjbelin was uot sent with mom y to T.njmix, who was shipped oft' to Branil. The witness answered "yes." Iuihori uiade a strong point against Merrier Instating that Mcrcier had a copy of one of the government's secret documents i;? ids possession and dentnndiug to know by what right ho retained it. Moroier refused to reply. Coiuniamlaut Koilin said that some pages were missing front the documents found in Dreyfus* room. The prisoner said they were intact when lie last saw them. Ferret, another Beaurepaire witness, testified that he once saw Dreyfus in Colonel Berlin's office aftei pffice hours. Dreyfus indignantly denied this. Bcrtin manifested savage animosity against the prisoner and declared that while in his depaitinent he was continually poking his nose into other people's business, and for that reason he was positive of his guilt. Wheu Inthmi reminded Bert in that the witness had admitted tc Schemer-Kost nor that Dreyfus was prohuhly innocent and that lie hud made a report to that effect, he was obliged to admit it, M. du Breuil said that IS years ago he made the acquaintance of M. Bod sin in I'aris, where Mute. Bodsin introduced him to Dreyfus. Witness dined at Bodsin's, the other guests being Dreyfus and u man who was introduced as an attache f of the German embassy, lie alleged that 1 Mmc. Bodsin was Dreyfus' mistress. i This was practically admitted hy Drey i fus, although the statement about the German nttaclie was violently denied, > lCsterhazy's three threatening letters ts President Faure and the "Dixi" article which Ksterliazy wrote in the Libre Parole were then read. This brought General Gonso to the front. He said that be really hud no time to investigate these affairs personally, but had relegated the infinities to I Mi Paty de (.'lam. Furthermore, he said it was iinp-^sibU to accept Ksterhazy's declaration a-< having been made in ?ood faith. V! a jot Gendron echoed General (louse's statements, and General Hoisdefi're stated titat fistcrhazy had lied throughout. Mile. Pays' testimony before the court of cassation was then read. It was not important. Genera1 !e Hllnde-I tiiu:t:? accused Dreyfus of having once declared that the Alsatians were happier under Germany than under France. Colonel Ma tire!, who was president of the court uiuitiai of 1SSI4. stated that he nnd his fellows had become convinced of the guilt of the prisoner before the court had retired to deliberate. The secret dossier, lie said, hud in nowise affected their decision. Du Paty de Clam uau brought it to the court. Labori wished to confront Mnurcl with Captain Freystactter, who was one of the original Dreyfus judges. lie was not in court, but was called later and absolutely contradicted Menrol, stating that the secret dossier had been showu to the i judges before they arrived at n conclusion; that it had made a great impres i sion upon an or mom; mar it ua<l con v I need him (Freystnettcr) of Dreyfus' guilt, and that Maurcl, so far from not having examined it. had commented on I tho several papers as they were taken out and finally had said, referring to tho > "canaille do 1> " document, "That removes all doubt of his guilt." Fornizetti, who was in charge of tho prison to which Dreyfus was committed after his conviction, testified that, while he had first been convinced of the guilt of the accused, be had changed his mind ? GKNEBAL8 CMANOINK AND MEUCII.Il. 1 a kacuu ..t .... i was developed that if it had not b< en foi Fornlzetti Dreyfus would bave commit 1 ted suicide. ? When Captain Freystuetier was calle< r ns a regular witness, he stated that he ; too. had felt assured of Dreyfus' guilt i i>ut that he took occasion to thoroughly investigate th'* matter, with tho resuli l that he now regretted having ns n mem ber of the first court mnrtlul voted to con vict him. lie added that he would eer thinly not have done so had it not lieci i for the secret dossier commnnh ated by ? order of tho general staff and deJivem by Du Pnty de Clam. , Captain I.ebrun-Renault deposed thn Dreyfus was told by him for the rake o: t betraying him into an admission that thi general staff was convinced of his inno tence and felt that, even though lie hat i communicated documents to a lorelgi * power, he must have received i icre iot portnnt ones In return, thereby really r benefiting Prance, and that the pristine' eeleelded t& the suggestion. Title Drey !.r became tuiiBlcd cross examlnan^^^^H^H that Dreyfus had leered that if lie had given anything foreign Bovorniucnt lie hnd not more portant information for liisDvrn M. the famous gnthron I metrical expert, attempted to prove diagram that Dreyfus miiNt hare wrltt^B^^^^B immediately ce^B tradicted hy Charuvuy. wUa had formei^^^^^Hfl^ been an anti-Dreyfus expert, but now testified that the haudwritting unquestionably ICsterbaxy's. Tclletic^^^^^^H another expert, corroborated Chnravny.^^^^^^B Colonel Cordler, who hud been hen's assistant in 1804 in the (ntettlgen<^^B^^H IntH H the olliee had been followed by dieo^^^H gaui/.ution anil suspiciou. Henry's eery, the witness declared, had fur tta mB H object the ruin of Tit-quart, whom Uem^H^^^B was anxious to supplant, llo fixed date of (lie bordereau at Kept. 24 to 1804. Tills was an important point the defense, lie further stated that inquiries into Dreyfus* character invohf^^^^^H ed several men <>f the name of Orfyfu^^^H and showed absolutely noihing ngnlnn^H[^^B the prisoner except that he was hardlj^^B^^fl entitled to wear orange blossoms on hi^^Ba|H wedding day. lie denounced lOstcrhaajH H as having been almost openly In the ear^BBHBZ ploy of the German government, BBbB M. Tlcot stated that Colonel Snydsf^^^^^B ! the Austrian military nttneho. had tol4^BB|H him that the pieces enumerated in ths^HraB ! bordereau were of little value: that MAJOR KSTERItAZr. 3HHfl terlinzy was a swindler, who cared for ' nothing except money, end that Colonel Scluvurzkoppcn had written tho "petit b!cu" in answer to a communication from HH lOstorha/.y. Then he changed bis tnin<^ HED about sending it and threw the pieces Iq the tireplace, whence they must h*Y9 HSjfl been resetted by the spy. JGMbq l.aboii at this point requested permit* HQ siun to estII I'aniz/.ardi and Schwarakop- KnHj pen. military attaches respectively of niii.v iiim vicniiiiuy at wie iime or ijicy- mw fus' arrest, The matter wa? taken under advisement liy the court, and in the SjH ineaiiliiue J.abori telegraphed the king of and the ouiperor <>f (Jormr^iy re? ^^^B questing them to permit the attaches t(| testify in ease they should l>e called. is said that both mouarehs gave qualified ^HR assent, b ut the court eventually decided that it would not hear them. ^ ^B^B It developed at this point that Cernu-| sclii, the witness who had testified that\ ho had seen Dreyfus at a German resort \ J^^B during important military tuaoeuvprai, ^HCj had itroken down completely at the 9ft* net session and had udmitted t??t hp HHj was mistaken in his idoutiticatiop. J^Ej At tins time the testimony had prpctl- BH cnlly all been taken, aud while a number of witnesses who had previously given their evidence tvere recalled no new mat* ter was brought out. and on Sept. 7 Ma* SM jor Cnrriere made his closiug address for JKS the prosecution. He was followed the next day by Maitro Demango for the do- j^B fense. His address continued until Sat* pH urduy, Sept. U. Upon its conclusion the BQl court martini rose and retired to dellber* BB ule, returning a short time later with it* MB verdict of "guilty." NE A DREYFUS DICTIONARY. I Urlef Itcsume of the Slgnlleaaee tl ^B the Terms I'tvU In the Trtnl sat | | tors Th?re?V'ltH. ' ^ B During the Gve and a half years that fl the Dreyfus ease has been prominently 99 before the world there have crept into H it n number Of terms designated to de* H scribe certain documents of importance ' bearing upon the guilt or innocence of sj the accused. There are so many of fl these peculiar terms employed that not I one person in 10,(X>0 understands their H significance. The facts which are given H in the little "dictionary" which follow* -fl may for tiiat reason nssist in a proper 9 comprehension of the case: 9 TUB BORDRRF.AU?The document found in bits I among the waste paper at the German embassy, pieced together, and attributed to Dreyhw, I though undoul>tedly Estcrhazy wrote It. It ofera I ace ret Information and is of course unsigned and ' undated. 1 TUB SIJCBKT ROSMIEH?A collection of (don 1 or less pnvaio docunienta Itearing on the oaae, 1 only one of which,' unlet* the war df&ce baa I manufactured any ntore forgeries, mentions Drey* j fus by name, and this ia abolutoly commonplace I and innocent. I TIIB "DI I" ARTICLE?Written by Xsterhaay fc.1 In The Parole, bitterly aitacking Picquart on prl- j vats iutormation Illegally lent bim by the war j or co, w illtl "BLANCHE" ASP "Sl'ER.VNZA" TELKi uHAM.+^TwO tol'-grai-ka- forged by' Dufi Paty'de | f lam slid K#terhu/.y and sent to Picquart with | tlie object ot "Hurting" him Into the belief that I a lady who was in the "plot" had given away tf' t { the "secret" that he forged the Bsterhagy "petit p j lieu." TilK PETIT CI.EU?A small blue postal c?rd / j j used in the pneumatic tube aerrice and found at i 'he German embassy, written l>y Colonel Von' , J I i Sohwarzkoppen. the German military attache, to i , Estcrhazy, inviting hitn to tali. It was torn up. , the writer having chanced his mind about sendf in? it. This Ksterhssy conlepds is a forgery. J t j TUB WKVLKR LETTER A forged letter to- > i eliminating Dteyfua, kill to the <Var olhce; au- j ! thOf probably l>e (lam. { k'i I H * | CU CANAILLE PE I).-A phrase In one of the j documents of the ??cr?t ilo??i..r !?#..? 1 ) i to Dreyfus, but to a subordinate whose nimi la* s f > said to lie known to the French war hWm, J T!IK "DOCUMENT I.IBKHATIOl-K"?In other r~i 1 words, that beginning "('? eanuiile de 0."?wu V j j | tlie famous one which Ksterho/y threatened Felix j * Fanre he would diet lose unless protected against Picquart. He alleged it had been stolen by Pic3 1 quart for a foreign embassy. Ksterbasy eventually returned it to t^ie v.ar qftlee &|tef |t Itad feryad 1 . its purpose. ! j VEILED L.\D??Wai Iht Paty de asm. <tlp. J guisecl, who handed the "document Hbcreteur" to j Eaterhary, near the Are de Trlontphe. It was suggested that Eaterhazy thought the lady wac ' Inspired by revenga on Picquart.