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I; THE CODE OF HONOR. IT IS PASSING AWAY IN ALL CIVILIZED COUNTRIES. K f Duty of Challenicee?Arms and Munncr v of Loading?Pubic Opinion tlio ( II Ik licit Law. JpOTDTUED FROM LAST WEEK. ] Chapter III. DUTY OF CHALLKNQEE * ND HIS 8SCOKD8 BKFORE FIOIITINO. 1. After all efforts for reconcilia uon aro over, tho party aggrieved sends a ohnllengo to his adversary, which is delivered to his second. 2. Upon the acceptance of the challenge, tho seconds tnako tho neoessary arrangements for tho meeting. (The "terms of meetiug" aro put in writing, and signed iu duplicate) in which each party is entitled to a perfect equality. Tho old notion that tho party challenged was authorized to name tho time, place, distanco and weapon has been long since exploded, nor would a mau of cliivalric honor r.so such a right if ho possessed it. The time must be as soon as practicable, tho place such as had ordinarily been used whero tho parties are, the distanco usual, and tho weapon that which is most generally used, which, iu this State, is tho pistol, (smooth bore and hair triggor.) 3. If tho challeugco insists upon what is uot usual in time, place, distance and weapon, do not yield the point, but tender iu writing what is ustinl in each, niul if ho refuses to give satisfaction, thdn your friend may post him. 4. If your friend bo determined to fight and not post, you have tho right to withdraw. But if yon eontinuo to act nnd tho challcngce name a distance and weapon not usual nnd more fatal than tho ordinary distanco aud weapon, you have the right to tender a still more deadly distanoe and woapon, and he must accept. 5. The usual distanco is from ten to twenty paces, as may be agreed on, and tho seconds in mcaRnrimr the ground usually stop threo feot. (Tapo line used.) * G. After oil tho arrangements aro made tbe seconds determine tho giving of tho word nnd tho position by lot, and ho who gains has tho ehoico of tho other, and selects whether it bo tho word or position, but -cannot have both. ... Chapter IV. DUTY OF CHAtiLKNQKE ANP SECOND AFTER CHAI.LENOE SENT. 1. The challengeo has no option when negotiation has censed but to accept the challouge, 2. Tho second makes tho necessary arrangements with the second of the person challenging. Tho arrangements are / detailed in the elw>rChapter V. DUTIES OF rniNCirALS AND SECONDS ON THE GROUND. 1. The principals aro to be respectful in meeting, and neither by look or expression irritato each othor. Thoy aro to be wholly passive, being under the guidance of their seconds. 2. When once posted (wooden pegs are driven in the ground where tho principals aro to bo posted) thoy aro not to quit their positions under any circumstances without tho leave or direction of their seconds. 3. When the principals aro posted tho second giving tho word must toll them to stand firm until ho repents tho giving of the word, 111 the manuer it will lie given wheu tho parties are at liborty to tire. i V.HftK HPPOml Vina ct lnn/L-wl in order to cndorco a fair combat aeoordiug to tho rules ngrced on, and if a principal tires before the word or tiino agreed on he is at liborty to tire at him, and if such second's principal fall it his duty do so. i 5. If after a tiro either party bo touched the dnel in to end and no second is excusable who pormits a wounded friend to light, and no second who knows his duty will permit his friend to tight a man already hit. There having been many instances where a contest has continued not only after slight, but whero severe wounds have been receivod. In such eases the seconds aro considered blatnable. (The idea is that the nerves aro affected by a wound.) H. If, after an exchango of shots, neither party be hit it is tho duty of the second of tho challcngeo to approuch the second of tho challenger and say: "Our friends i>Vf*)ianrrpi1 fthntn nrn c/tn cniio. .... ? r>? ~ J lied, or is there anycuuso why thoeontest should bo continued?" If the meeting be of no serious cause of coinplaffet, where the party complaining had in no way been deeply injured or grossly insulted, the second of the party challenging should reply: "The point of honor hnving been settled, there can, 1 conceive, bo no objection to a reconciliation, and 1 propose that our principals meet on middle ground, shako hands and bo friends." If this bo acceded to by tbo second of the ehallongcc, tho second of tho party challenging says: "We bavo agreed that tho present duel shall cease; the honor of each of you is proserved and you will meet on middlo ground shako hands and bo' reconciled." 7. If tho insult bo of a sorious cnaracter it will bo tho duty of tho second of the challenger to soy in reply to tho second of tho challongeo: "Wo havo beer deoply wronged, and, if you aro not disposed to repair tho injury, tho contest must continue." And if tho challenges offers nothing by way of reparation, tho tight continues until ono or tho other of tho principals is hit. 8. If in cases whero tho contest is endo 1 by tho seconds, as mentioned in the sixth rule of this chapter, the parties refuse to meet and be rooonciled, it is the duty of the seconds to withdraw from the li aid, informing the principals that the contest must be continued under the superintendence ot other friends. But if ono agrees to this arrangement of tho seconds and the other does not, tho seconds of the disagreeing principal only withdraws. 9. If either principal on the ground refuso to light or continue the fight when required, it is the duty of his second to say to tho other second : "I have come upon the ground with a coward, and I tender you my apology for un iguorttuue of ins ouaructer; yoc are at liberty to post him." Tho sec ond by such conduct stands excusec to tho opposite party. 10. When tho duel is ended by a party being hit, it is the duty of tht second to the party so hit, to announce the fact to the second of the party hitting, who will forthwith tender any as eiHtauco he can command to the disaabled principal. If tlio part/ challenging hit the challengco it is his du ty to say ho iB satisfied, and will leave the ground. If the challenger be hit, upon the .challongeo being informed of it, ho should ask through his second whether he was at liberty to leave the ground, which should be assented to. Chupter VI. wno SHOULD ME ON THE OIlOtTND. 1. The principals, seconds, nnd one surgeon and ouo assistant surgeon to each principal, but the assistant surgeon may bo dispensed with. 2. Any number of friends that the seconds agree on may be present, provided they do not come within the degrees of consanguinity mentioned in the seventh rule of Chapter 1. 3. Persons admitted on the ground aro carefully to abstain by word or boliavior from any act that might bo the least exceptionable, nor should they Btand near the principals or seconds, or hold conversation with them. Chapter VII. ARMS AND MANNER OP PRESENTING AND LOADING THEM. 1. The arms used should be smooth bore pistols, not exceeding nine inches in length. 2. Each second informs the other when be is about to load, and invites his presence; but the seconds rarely ntteud on such invitations, as gentlemen may bo safely trusted in such matters. 3. The second, in presenting tho pistol to Lis friend, should never put it in hiB pistol hand, but should place it in tho other which is grasped midway the barrel, with tho muzzle pointing tho contrary way to that which ho is to tiro, informing him that his pistol is loaded and ready for use. Ueforo the world is given the principal grasps the butt firmly in his pistol hand, and brings it round, with the muzzle downward, to tho fighting position. 4. The lighting poisition is with the muzzle down and the barrel from you, for although it may be agreed that you may hold your pi?tol with the muzzle up, it may be objected to, as you can fire sooner from that position, and consequently have a decided advantage, which ought not to be claimed, and should not be granted. (The raise shot is considered surer; the drop shot quicker. Every gentleman is expected to be familiar with tho weapon, which is less deadly than tho rilled pistol, tho rilllc or tho shot guu.) Chapter VIII. THE DEGHEH OF INSULT ANI) HOW COMP1IOMI8RD. 1. The prevailing rule is that words used in retort, although more violent and disrespectful than those first used, will not satisfy, words being no satisfaction for words. 'J. When words are used and a blow giyen in return the insult is avenged, and if redress be sought it must be from tho person leceiviug the blow. 3. When blows are given in the lirst instance and not returned, or if tho person first striking be badly beaten or otherwise, the party first struck is to make the demand, for blows do not satisfy a blow. (When tho person first striking be badly beaten it is not necessary for tho party first struck to make tho demand.) 1. Insults at a wine table, when tho company are over-excited, must bo answered for, and if the party insulting have no recollection of the insult, it is his duty to sny so in writing, and negative tho insult. For iustance, if a man say: "You are a liar and no gentleman," he must in addition to tho plea of the want of recollection, say, "I believe tho party insulted to be a man of the strictest veracity and a gentleman." 5. Intoxication is not a full excuso for insult, but it will greatly palliate. If it was a full excuse, it might well bo counterfeited to wound feelings or destroy character. fi. In all cases of intoxication the seconds must uso a sound discretion under the above general rulos. 7. Can every insult bo compromised? is a mooted and vexed question. On this subject no rules can be given that will be satisfactory. Tho old opinion that a blow must requiro blood, is not of force. Blows may be compromised in many cases. What those cases are must depend on the seconds. A SKETCH or JOHN LY1?E WILSON. CJov. John Lyde Wilson, tho compiler of tho Code of Honor, and in his day, perhaps, tho highest authority on the duello in the United Statos, was a man of great ability aud versatility of IT.. l.nan ;>1 11 vuivuvi aav> wan u i U. iuai auuiu county, studied law in Baltimore, and wan admitted to tlio bar at Columbia in 1807. Ho nettled in Georgetown and married the daugeter of Col. William Alston and tbo Mister of Governor Joseph Aston, tho husband of Theodosia Burr. Mr. Wilson's wifo died early and her two children weroraised by her sister, Lady Nesbit. Mr. Wilson married again, his second wife, Miss Eden, of Now York, being a ward of Aaron Burr, who tradition says, squandered nearly all of her large estate. Mr. Wilson was as early as 1812 a member of the State Legislature, representing the parish of Prince Qoorge Winyab. In 1822 he was elected Governor of South Carolina. About 1827 he published in New York a codification of the laws of South Carolina. In 1838 ho was a delegate from Charleston to i the celebrated Nullification Convention of 1833 and was oue of the most prominont advocates of the then accepted doctrine of State sovereignty. I*: his speech advocating the rescinding of the Ordinance of Nullification ho declared that Henry Clay's bill wab "not only a victory, but a most glorious , and decidod victory. It was the tri- . I nmph of principle over New England avarice?the plunderer has been driven from his prey." HIS EXTRAORDINARY VEKSATALITY. , In 1834 there was published in , Charleston an exhaustive book on ex- < ercise and instruction of field artillery j for the use of the South Carolina mili- j tia, "by John L. Wilson, captain of | the Eutaw Heavy Artillery." This | was probably ono of the companies in ( the muster roll of 27,000 volunteers which the Nullification party hud en- j rolled two years bofore, though the j party had polled bv 25.000 In March, 18J8, ho published :ii t Charleston tho first edition of "The ? Code of Honor." In 1842 he translated and published "Cupid and ^ Psyche," an excerpt from the "Gold- t en Ass" ot Apuleius. Though an elegant classical scholar j ho took a keen interest in public f affairs, for in August, 1885, he headed { n number of citizens and assisted in t tnrriug aud feathering Richard Wood, j a Charleston barber, who for a num- ( ber of years had boon buying stolen c (roods from Negroes under tho nssumed name of W. 11. Carroll. Wood was 6 taken from his shop in tbeeaily morn- ^ ing and carried to one of the wharves. t Thcro he received twenty lashes on his baro back, "a tub of tar was then j emptied upon his head in such a man- j ner as to cause it to extend over his c whole body, aud tho miscreant individual was decorated with a covering of 0 loose cotton, the principal material in c which he had carried on his illicit ^ trnftio, with much advantage to his | purse." It is said that Wood, alias Carroll, from his barber shop had n expoitid about sixty bales of Btolen e cotton annually. Governor Wilson was a crack Bhot and had many bitter feuds, which re- 0 suited in appeals to the Code. KILLS KEATING LEWIS 8IMON8. a In 1810 he fought a duel with Col. y Keating Lewis Simons, at Lowudes avenue, near Charleston, which re- ^ suited in the wounding and eventually p in tho death of Col. Simons. They ^ were the respective leaders of political ? factions, and rumor has it that it teas decided by lot that Siraous should a meet Wilson. Col. Simons was prob- n ably tho most learned lawyer of the jj Charleston bar in his day, and his death caused widespread exoifcement. | No rooord of his otlior oucounterB 18 ! at hand. It is said that *'there his cooIucbh never deserted him, and he' e aniformly was victor in such scones." f( Governor Wilson was an enthusi- _ astic patron of the turf and was so- ? licitor and a lending member of the South Carolina Jockey Club for many years. In 1810 ho prepared aud published a very usoful synopsis of tho j "Rules of Rotting," with other information of value to sportiug men. He j died iu Charleston io 18-19, and was buried with appropriate military honors. One of his eulogists said of this * erratic, versatile and brilliant man: ) "His nature was abovo disguise, and 1 his rcBontments, terrible in their out- * break, wero over under the control of a gentle and kiudly nature." r a dceli.ist condemns the custom. ( It must not bo supposed that tho s custom of duelling was univeisally ap- i proved even at tho time of its greatest t vogue in Houth Carolina. Matthew t Irvine Keith, a distinguished citizen, who had fought several duels and was i almost us high an authority as Govern- i or Wilson in ntlaires d'honncur, told f Judge O'Neall some yoars after the } publication of Wilson's Code: ^ "Duelling is now deliberate murder, j it ir no longer an affair of chivalry in j which there iR no appeal to the god of { battlefl for victory to tho right; but now tho parties prepare to kill each ether by Hiiporior skill in the use of the instrument of death. I will have 1 no moro to do with it."' public opinion the highest law. There was, too, another class of South Carolinians who, in spite of the lawH of Cod, the laws of the Stato and the obligations due to their familios, fought duels, yielding, as W. L. Yancey exprosRod it, "to those laws which public opinion lias framed and which no one, however exalted hie station, violates with impunity." Many such, with a chivalry semi-Quixotic, took part in duels, and liko Heurv Laurens, president of tho Continental Congress, in many hostile meetings, never returned the lire of their antagonists. Such was Mr. Yancey's expressed purpose in his duel with Gon. T. L. Cling man, in January, 1845. Mr. Yancey'b biographer says that his "friends informed him that they would not appear should he go to tho meeting with that purpose. Ho then consented to return the liro of CliDg- 1 man, but insisted "ho would not aim 1 lit a vital part." It will bo remembered that in the Yancey-Clingman duel, after ono ineffectual exchango of shots the police appeared and stopped further proceedings. The Into Capt. F. W. Dawson, editor of the News and Courier, was perhaps more instrumental than any ono man r in abolishing the common appeal to n tho Codo Duello, and it was for his " services in that lino that Pope Leo n XIII conferred upon that distinguished J1 editor tho titlo of Knight of the Order ^ of St. Gregory tho Great. r Thero is little or nodamand for "Tho v Code of Honor" in South Carolina or the South today, and tho grandson of t Governor Wilson in Charloston today ii is rarely called upon for a copy, exoept by histofioal students who are investigating the life aud manners under the old regime. CROP BULLETIN Of the South Carolina Weather and Crop Service. The following is Observer Bauer's olimate and crop service weekly report from one or more correspondents in eaoh county in the State: As growing cropB stood in need of rain daring previous weeks, it iollows that with the copious showers there was a marked and general improve* ment in their oondition during the post week. The rains, however, interfered with the wheat and oats harvest, much of which was cut and shocked, %nd it is thought may be damaged. The rains also interfered with plowing, but little having been done. Most fields were well oultivatod and clean, but grass is springing up rapidly, and the present need is for sunshine and Iry weather for killing grass. Eaily corn is in silks and tassels, and a being "laid by" in excellent cundi- i tion generally. June corn is being , planted and is coming up to good itands. The corn crop looks very >romising. Complaint of lice on cotton is very < general, and in places the plAnt seems o have been injured. Cotton is 'limbing" well, and in some places is n bloom with squares forming freely, iomo reports indicate a sappy condiion and a tendency to grow too much o wood. On the whole, tho plant is n good condition but needs sunshine, i Trass threatens some fields. Sea-Island totton in poor condition. Peas are being extensively sown on tnbble lands and with corn, this work >eing considerably in advance of tho isual time for doing it. Tobacco is reported small and sickly n Florence, and the best regprts on ts condition indicate that it is doing mly "fairly well." Bice is still being sown and tho rop is growing well generally, exept upland, in which a marked imirovement is expected on account of he rains. Irish potatoes on the coast were not aaterially helped by the rains, but lsewhere seem to have started a new ;rowth. Sweet potatoes slips extensively set >ut under very favorable conditions. Melons have made excellent advance, s also has cane, both of which are cry promising. Peaches, plums and apples continue n .3 I S? J '? ' * - w uh/ji nuoij, huu iue ouuooK ib ior a mall fruit crop of rather poor quality, llackberries and huckleberries imiroved and continue plentiful. Gardens havo started grooving again, nd the supply of vegetables has materially increased and the quality aa improved. Pastures which Jhaxe .been, noox nn tftKl. itma arp ~?*owing well aria are eginning to afford excellent grazing. The crop outlook is at this time very ncouraging, being reported the best ?r many years by a number of oorrosondents particularly in the northastern counties. ... TELEGRAPHIC TICKS. The Moore Cycle Company of South Milwaukee, Wis., has assi^neh. Asets $200,000. Libilties c^msidtrably ess. Tho grand jury at Camden, N. J., bund thirteen indictments agninst cxCitv Treasurer F. A. Michelton, who s alleged to be short in bis accounts o that city $10,700. It ir reported that tho steamer ComnordJle is to clear for Aspinwall from Charleston, S. C., soon, but in reality he is to steer for Cuba with 1,200,000 ounds of ammunition, 7,500 Homing- ^ on ritleH. and 2.000 notiuds of dvnui 1 J ] Qite. i Tho engagement of Miss Gertrude ^ i'anderbilt, daughter of Cornelius , funderbilt, to Henry Pay00 Whituey, ( ;on of William C. Whitney, was an- , jounced in New York Wednesday. \ riie engagement has been rumored : rom time to time for several monlkH, j nit uot until Wednesday was it uuthori- , utively announced. ( RAILROAD KKVlVAb. rhe Manufacturers* Record Reports h . Decided Movement. Tho Manufacturers' Record, reviewing Southern business conditions for the week, oporss that despite tho political turmoil, 1 ho past week has seen tho consummation of noro important contracts for industrial and j abroad enterprises than have been closed n any ono week for many months. Every undertaking reported in this summary is vif the most substantial character, j ho capital for which has been provided ind nothing is included that is simply pro- ' eeted. It is true that negotiations have ] >een pending for many ot these under- | akings for some months, tho preliminary j vork. as In nil onsen tnlilnc iniioh time Inn ho contracts for nil of thorn have been re- 1 >orted durinft the past weak. The nggre. ] tat:) of contracts closed for the week for j ail road construction is over f>0() miles, in luding the building of several hundred nilcs in South Caroliun and Georgia, which, 1 n connection with existing short lines, will t tevelop a (iOO-inilo system, controlled in the t utercst of Charleston. One hundred aud brty miles have been let to contract in Texas 1 >n the extension of the Knnsns City. Pitts- 1 >urg and Gulf road: three contracts have j >eon closed on the Charleston, Clendenin and lutton rtXid in West Virginia, aud a contract ^ or i!G miles in Tennessee. t I CIVINKSK IN BOND. 1 iTlie Sureties Hot Released Now K*cept On Proof of Ke-exportution. T Under a new ruling of the Treasury do- s mrtmeht the sureties on bond9 given to per- v ait Chinese to land In this country must fur- c ilsh, before they are released from liability, 1 certificate of the collector of the port of do- v arture showing that the Chinese let in have nft the country within the twenty days limit. c 'his ruling Is the result of a case thnt occurr- j od throe months ago, when four Chinamen rere admitted with proper bonds and sure- H les, nnd when a doubt arose as to whether c hey had really left the country within twen- 0 y days the burden was nut on the ?ovcruaont to prove that they had not. " ......... ? ? ? M ? it. " ? ' * * T . . . ? f ?" ' .?n. < s - 'V' -?uoh resnlta as are given here? Would it not be a mild coarse of procedure end eminently just to the children to say to aoch employers, Tod* mail itdt \ this? The evils of thie system have beoome so notorious in the menu facta ring ;i States of the North thatthsj have,many of them, eDaoted stringent laws agtinst it; Massachusetts, hitherto the greatest ' manufacturing States so far as textile * fabrics are concerned, have gone, I>. Where, farther than has any other-; State on that line. *t t,.. Many manafactarera woitld cheer*. fully acquiesce in sftch a'hiw; Imt till.' h positivo prohibition ir enacted ugaiasf * " employing children under certain ages in any mauufactaring establishments, competition "being so-sharp-at'it is, the unscrapnlons competitor would have a decided odvantiu^e over the raoro humane man; and this fact compels the humane man to employ the' children, or else competo with his pnscrupulous rival at a disadvantage. Free the manufacturer from tsxs-" ' .inn for a nnrirtu nf ' ?1,1 the right to demand tho promotion of tho common good; and also the promotion of citizeuahip, it follows that :>no of its moat important duties is to place within the reach of every one th? aids necessary to tho satisfaction of these demands. Inseparable from tho performance ot this duty is tho protection of the mentally and physically weaker from oppression by the stronger. An important question is "What bearing these rights and duties named should have on the Bocial conditions ilready operatives to a considerable extent among us, increasing operation it irKinh ? f events hopefully anticipated by our people as Boon to occur?" That portion of the "body politic" embraced within our State boundaries ihould see to it that no individual, combination or corporation shall place iny impediment in the pathway of any present or prospective momber of lociety, tho tendency of which is to binder his progress towards the goal of good citizenship. A flnlf.Aviiloiif nr r.^o>uvu i" WU..Vavor tends to weaken or dwarf the physical system or the mental power is it hindrance to tho child's progress in the race for the attainment of good citizenship. I think it a sound proposition thathe who most nearly approximates tho performance of every duty he owes to society is tho best, because tho most usoful or profitable member of society. This being so it follows inevitably that he who is best equipped, physically, mentally and morally for the performance of all these duties cau best exemplify ull the qualities of good citizenship. This being so necessitates the conclucion that society forbid that obstructions or hindrances be placed in tho path of childhood, tho inevitable result of which is tho prevention of those thus handicapped of tho attainment of tho qualifications essential to the enactment of the role of good citizenship. If theso statements as to dntios of jociety be sound, then my conclusion is that society is in duty bound to forbid the initiation of any course of action, tho inevitable tendency of which is to the propogation of evil. That which is wrong in tendency is wrong in principle, and hence cannot bo rightfully reduced to practice by individuals nor by communities. That the employment of children in factories, especially for long hours, is leleterious to them, and hence to the public good, bus been made too plain Dy investigation to admit of donbt in :,be minds of anyone who lias taken any rouble to inform himself, or who ban jad any observation relntivo to ita efeets. Having no room for extensive irray of statistics, I will juat give tbo -esult of one examination of children bus employed. Tbe examination was jflicinlly made by a committee aplointed for tbat especial purpose. Of 35 cbildron employed in one estabishment, only 72 were found sufti- ( iiently normal to bo allowed to con- ( inuo work. Healtb certificates were ( efused to 34?2(5 per cent, of the lumber employed. Of tbat 34 tbere 1 rere 14 with spinal curvature, 12 with icart murmur, 6 with lung trouble, 24 { rith enlarged glands, 25 with defective ' ight, 0 with dofective hearing, and 25 rith defectivo teeth. Taking no ac- j ount of defective teeth, wo find that 9 of tho 34 had each thjeo ^senses, rhde the other 15 had two each. Should a physician in a hospital for < hildron administer iycdicino$ to Uic ( > mates producing such results wbal i hould be doho with him? What > onrso should be pursued with emyloy- 1 rs of child labor, who will work them j nder conditions known to produce t .. I t CHILD LABOR IN COTTON MILLS. REV. B. D. CLAYTON DISCUSSES ITS REGULATION. Synopsis of a Paper Read Before the Union for Practical Progress In Columbia. Discussion of human rights has been a prolific theme; bat infliction of human wrongs has been an almost universal practice in the world's history. The Declaration of Independence holds as self evident truths that all men are created e'qual?not physically or mentally, of course, but in regard to natural rights?and that they are endowed by the Creator with unalienable rights, nmong which are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Blackstono avers in his commentaries that in a stuto of of naturo every ouo lias the right to judge in his own case, nud the right also to enforco his decisiou. But lack of power by the individual to enforco his decisiou, led to tho formation of tho social compact, in which the individual surrendered to "tin. body politic" tho right to judge for him, inasmuch as through his inability to enforce its decision ho might Becuro the enjoyment of his rights. This investure of society with highly important rights also imposed (upon it equally important duties. One of theiie supreme rights with which society is invested, is the right to demand of cvory iudvidual member that ho shall, to tho utmost of his ability, contribute to tho promotion of the common good. Another is the right td demand of every member that he shall contribute in every manner in his power to the promotion of good citizenship. A third is the right to enforce tho 3ther two demands by every judicious ind judicial means at its command. As to tho duties of societv. If it has M wvfttw V* j WHO, At JUII Win,.. | albeit their profits io the South tender them abler to pay taxes thau . are the - , farmers, but save tho children from the cupidity of lounging, loafing, lazy ' mon. who claim to be parents withotit ' an just claim to that sacred appellation, and save them to society and State. . . I know parents who uro industrious , and work hard themselves, . " who put their children in factories to work. This is all well onough after a certain age, but not in mere childhood. Many of the best and most thoughtful men and women, who have made a careful study, of tho situation, now claim that the child should be taken while quite young into the kindergarten department, and its powers drawn out there ' till old enough to go to a higher.department. Of one thing I feel quite, sure aud that is that the State should . provide ample opportunities for every child in ite borders to obtain a fair English education, placing a good' moral training?not a sectarian one? at the vory foundation of the ednoa- , tional fabrio, and them compel thei parents to accept and utilize the provisions. The State has a right to claim a good citizenship, both in its own present interests aud the interests of. fu-. * ture generations. It is poor statesmanship to bnild with an eye only to the present emergency, ignoring the future. I know many thoughtless persons say, "Take care of the present and let tho fntnre provide for itself.''' ' ? Where wonld wo be now had tin? men ?.v of 1776 acted npon that foolish .Bug- . gestion ? Will anybody say, "We shall scare ' xy :i :i ? ?a?i-i. uu ii uiuuoi u uapiroi ii wo uuuoruiAO \aj protect the children?" Stop and think 1 ' a minute. Do you remember that-on-.---rvyly the other day one youth of 5i0. and .. another of 18 years were arraigned in, .. charge of kindling rarioutf fires, which we ewre told had co&snmed one and -' one-half million dollars worth of prop- - - > erty "just to see the blaze"? . Vv-f Do you think Northern capitalists . -, will stay away from the South because we assure them that we intend to train' our boys to better behavio* then --that by putting them in school as soon As ' they are old enough, and keeping them thero till they are fixed *in better bgb- .. . its? , But to close, with one other idea about preserving the little ones from- ' the cruel bondage of the factory slaYe. You enact laws for tho protection of horses and oxen from .the. cruelty ofc" . owners, and therein yon dowel]. Is not a child of morevalho than a horse. . or an ox? If so, why not' protect them?" Take hoed that yo despise not ' ' one of these little ones; for, I say untoyou that in heaven their angels do al- - ways behold the face of tho Father ... which is in hoaven.' said the Master. .. DKCMNE OF TMK RESEItVE. The Silver Bullion in the Treasury uu<I Its Coining Value. The gradual decline of the gold reserve of * the Treasury, which, undor the last bond-: Issue, reached its maximum figure of $128,000,000, on April 13th, has now fallen tc- , -. )f 104,238,754. Friday's witbdrawls were #2,- ( 136,800, most of It for oxport. ' Of the silver bullion purchased tiDder the set of July 14th. 18'J0, there are now on hand " 132,908.452 fine ounces;thocost of this bullion Ih 9119,941,055; its coining value $172,541,414. The total number of silver dollars coined . from bullion purchased undor tbe act of July 11th, 1890, to June 1*1, 189G, was 4C.044.65l. Upon this coinage there was a seigniorage rye . profit of $10,117,139. TWO MKN MURDKRRD IN BKI*. .-. a A lln,.IKIn M . .. - - ' -- ?nu lu^gioriuuK Lriino irii Columbia County, Gi|. i'' A special to th? Chronicle from Harlem. Ga, says; A. T. Vordoy ami George Ed- .. .> munds, of Columbia county, living six miles ' from IlaiJem, were brutally murdered at tht the home of KJuiuuds. They were both at-* ! tneked wliilo nsleco in bed. the murderer' 1 " using a large stick, whl"h w.:s found in the room. They were both Horribly beateu In ; . the face. No clue has been obtains.-.''' to the identity of thegutlty party, and the crime t*. . wrnpped in mystery. 1 ... Oeclded Against England. . .. *>' The Egyptian Mixed Tribunal formed for ? > ' tho purpose of deciding as to tho legality of , . ...i. the advance of money from the Egyptian (<}.. treasury for the purpose, of meeting the ex-'" ' penses of the Houdan expedition tins fori mnlly pronounced judgment against" the prp-> \ / posal to draw upon tbe Commis'ton of the I'uhlio Debt for the sum asked or. any .part 1 thereof. This action of the tribunal was - Vyl taken despite tbe refusal of the Dritlsh' and 1 Egytian Governments to recognise the com-. 1 petence of the tribunal to decide the ques- ^ lion. , 41 j * Bicycle Factories to Close. All the Toledo, O., bicycle factories, e*:epttwo, and which employ altogether about 5,000 men, arc to shut don n for an indefinite period. This is said to be the first movement towards curtailing the output of wheels ind the primary object of which is to force prices up to the 9100 notch on the standard machines. It is further stated that the factories in many other cities are to follow lult.