Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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PROGRAM TO BEAT BOLL WEEVIL IN Slie COUNTY . R. B Belser, Chairman of Committee on Farm Crop Program, Formulates Schedule For S?mter County Committee of Progress c:.At a conference of fifty citizens ^presenting every section of the ^'?^nnty,'which.'-'was held in the 1 Court House two weeks ago, it was ?^cided to tak^ immediate steps to ^ 'create an erganization of the farm [*.. ers and business men of the county iy.:$or :the' purpose of close co-opera J tion^n the effort to find ways and I; means to re-create and maintain ^Agricultural and industrial prosper . I 3ty in Sumter county despite the ; f*1boI! weevil. Mr. A. C. Phelps was ;. elected chairman; R. B. Belser and I -33; G, Osteen, vice chairmen, and John J. Riley, secretary- and treaft ^t?Per;* An. executive committee i .composed of the ' officers and the | Xoliowing; representatives of the p several sections of the county was ^selected: H. M. McLaurin, E. E. g Aycock, S. A. Harvin, C. J. Jackson, r-~ J? F. Williams, E. C. Brown, E. W. j^lJabbis. Jr:, .Stanyarne Burrows, J. 1 T.Tiei*ais, L C. Strauss, R. M. Jones. h. Mr. Belser .was made chairman ?: of : con;mittee to formulate a 1 program. - Mr. I. C.v Strauss was im?de >.. chairman of a , committee to ar ? range for .a meeting of the busi *; ness men o| the city to discuss the olrganization and to secure their in i Merest and their ^nancial and per sonal support of the plans of the Coimnittee of Progress. This meet ?? ? -j&g was held in the Court House on '(: Monday night two weeks ago and results.were most encouraging ; mnfi satisfactory, the attendance be iii^iboth largeand representative of ; at?tthe bns?aess interests of the city. The problems to be solved, if farm- 1 \ jjU^ffo-.tp be made profitable under' r ^be? - weevil conditions were dis | ?ts?sse? :and it was the unanimous - decision of the meeting tnat the Movement to put on a campaign ?iga?er tbe auspices of the Commit ;tee of Progress be endorsed and ^.iS?feon:-.hearty and substantial sup ''.y'-^ort: .-A' substantial sum was rais ' ed. to-pay the expenses of the cam ;j?aisn; asd a committee of volun - teers was formed to solicit addi r ^jkn^V0?0^^111^^05 from business : men. not present. fT^e "objects of the Committee of j ?l .^tofsess. were presented to the mass - meeting- of farmers in the I Opera House: last Wednesday, and ?4feo <: organisation of community : Xci^miitees in* all sections of the ^ c^t?sty.:? now being undertaken by ^'rtho^^ w^? attended the original mjB^ng; .It is, expected to put on I .'.v^^ea^o^cfBipaign at once and l?J^:<j^6D^'j2??i''be spared to make '(:' punter: count^ independent of the - - fcwe?weeviL ? by- a sane, practical {Vjjj^bjp??.. <ttf diversified farming and i :hy^ the utilization of the natural ? - resources thatfare within the reach . every farmer. As the first step |n. this campaign the program l iornjt?ated.by Mr. Belser after con :..;'^??ial?>& with County Farm Dem onstrator J- Frank Williams, and ~.-the:everts; of. the Extension De | ?$>ar^ment o'? Cfemson College and ;vV-:?8^^'^?d3^of the bulletins of the c^epartrr^aVof Agriculture in re ?fi0e^^to iBxjnhis. practice under 'tf&afa^weevil conditions, is herewith ^.^fresonted.. The careful study of the ? Jj^gram and the suggestions con ?i&i'ced therein is recommended to every farmer and especially to land who rent or share-crop their lands. It is beheved that the adoption of this or some similar . prpgram is the only salvation of the '?; .farmers *o? Sumter county and of : ^every business interest dependent upon the. asricuitural prosperity of ; ^th'e county. .This belief is based not . upon mere theory, but upon " ;.:-Jthe experience ...of other boll weevil infested . sections. The program outlined,by Mr.: Belser follows:: FARM PROGRAM. - After careful consideration, the following schedule of crops for an ' average one-hprse crop has been agreed upon, and is recommended , . for use under boll weevil condi tions. It is intended, of course, that - each individual farmer shall make v* such minor changes as the needs ; of his farm require. The number I of acrels? of the given crops and the '.number of cows, sows and poultry, should be.multiplied by the number . of acres in your farm. The acreage and estimated aver - lage^xeturn, and the number of live Vstoci per one horse farm is as fol lows: 5 to 6 acres of cotton, esti f\: -f m?ted value (5 acres) ..$250.00 6 acres of corn, with velvet : beans, at ^.35.210.00 , 5 td 6 acres of oats and i wheat, <1 acre wheat), . followed by peavine hay, " value including hay, at ~ ?30.00 ;4 _.180.00 l acre sweet potatoes_100.00 I acre Irish potatoes, follow ed by peanuts -.100.00 X acre snap beans, followed by peanuts._120.00 1 acre in sorghum, sugar cane and similar crops ._ 50.00 2 acres in tobacco, or some substitute inoney crop 200.00 And live stock as follows: BBfecow. increased to two as soon as feed is available, estimated value of milk and cream, one cow._ 150.00 I sow and. pigs_100.00 Flock of poultry, 20 to 25-, 40.00 Estimated total yield per one horse farm, under this % plan.. _$1,500.00 Cotton. The cotton should be of an early variety and planted early. Ground should be well prepared and ^thoroughly pulverized, to insure a : <juick start. All weevils found in the buds of the cotton and in the early squares should be picked off and destroyed. As soon as the squares begin to form and punctur ed squares show up, they shquld be picked off. The cotton should he cultivated at least once a week. ; Dusting with calcium arsenate is still in the experimental stage, but in a dry season it certainly pays. As soon as the cotton is open it should be picked as rapidly as possible and the stalks'destroy ed as soon as it all has been picked out. The boll wee vil destroys all top crop, so it should be practicable to cut down and plough under the stalks in October. Experience has proven that if this ; be thoroughly done, the yield of : cotton- the following year is mater ! rally increased. . Corn and Velvet Beans. Corn, under boll weevil condi jtions, becomes one of the leading i crops in the cotton territory. By ; the use of a good crop of velvet j beans, planted ? in with corn, the corn land will bring as high a re turn as any of the staple field crops. I The velve* beans so enrich land that they will soon make commercial fertilizer, other than acid phos phate, unnecessary'. A good yield of velvet beans often runs from twenty to thirty bushels per acre, and the value of these, added to; the corn, makes this combination, a very desirable crop. . ** The people of the south under stand^ this crop well, and in every community there are plenty of farmers whu can advise those who may. be unfamiliar with the best methods of handling these crops. As many of the velvet beans as posWble should be gathered in the pod, as these have a good market value and can be handled through the selling organizations of the city of Sumter. Oats. Oats do well in this soil and cli mate, and with the pea vine hay which should follow them, ought to give a return of from thirty to forty dollars an acre, : Oats should be planted in October, when possible, j and certainly during the early j part of November. At least a part of the oats should be threshed and used as a money crop. The Caro lina Products Company and a num ber of other business firms of thej city will be able to buy or sell the* seed oats for you. Wheat. At least one acre of wheat should be planted to the plow, and this will satisfy the needs for home consumption. The Sumter Roller Mills is in position^to take care of all wheat which the county is like ly to raise, and .have been making an excellent "grade of flour. Sweet Potatoes. The sweet potato is rapidly be ing developed into one of the best market crops of this section. The Porto Rico is one of the best mar-1 ket varieties. It is suggested that1 a few rows be planted very early and that vines be cut from these; for planting the main crop. Po- j tatoes raised from vines, if the vines be set out early, will give a greater I proportion of Number 1 potatoes than either sprouts or slips. If you i have not the potatoes for your own , bed, it will pay you to buy the sprouts or vines for these early rows. Full information as to the time of planting and manner of grading, crating and curing can be obtained from Clemson College, and from the Agricultural Exten sion Department. These potatoes, when cured, can be sold either through the South Carolina Sweet Potato Association, or through the Carolina Products Company of Sumter. Good farmers are making as much as one hundred bushels of No. 1 potatoes with about an equal quantity of seconds and culls, which are all right for use on the plan tation and for hog and cattle feed. Irish Potatoes. Irish potatoes should be planted In February* and are ready for mar ket in May. A fair yield runs from sixty to over one hundred bushels per acre. The market price also varies- widely, but gross returns from $100.00 to $150.00 per acre should readily be realized. This crop can also be used on the farm to advantage, both as human food and as food for the ^ogs and cows, if at any time the price is so low as to make it unprofitable to grade and ship potatoes. Potatoes can be housed and preserved all through trie summer; and there is always a very good local demand for pota toes, after the garden crops are exhausted. Returns of from $.200 to $300 per acre are sometimes realized in favorable years. This crop, therefore, offers a chance of being highly profitable in favorable years, and can always be utilized on the farm and a portion of it sold to the local market; and we think that at least the one acre to the plow should go on every farm. This crop comes off of the land in June and will leave the land clear ed to be followed by peanuts, sweet potatoes, or any other crop desired. Snap Beans. Snap beans is one of the safest truck crops, and one for which there is most general demand. They are also planted early and come off of the land early?by the latter part of May. Successive crops of these beans ran be planted, if de sired, or they can be followed by peanuts or other crops. Snap beans are rapidly becoming one of the staple truck crops, and yields of 100 to 200 crates per acre are beins obtain'u brin^in^ in money returns of $?.0t" to $300 per acre. Mexican Bandits Release Americans State Department Advised That No Ramsom Was Executed Washington, Nov. 22. -? Four Americans who were captured late yesterday by Mexican bandits at Santa Eulalia, near Chihuahua, were released without ransom, the state department has been advised. ? ? ? Beans in Place of Cotton H?lly Hill Farmers Succeed With Fall Crop Holly Hill, Nov. 22.?On account of the desiructiveness of the boll weevil, the farmers of this section made a very poor crop of cotton, the majority of farmers averaging a bale to anywhere from five to .fifteen acres. They, therefore, de cided to plant fall beans to help pay the expenses of the year. The bean crop was not good owing to the extremely dry weather, but in spite of this we have shipped over j 4,000 crates. Had the season beeen favorable the yield would have been doubled; besides, the returns would have been much better, since car load lots would have been shipped instead of two or three hundred crates at the time.' However, the farmers more than cleared ex penses on their beans and have gained some valuable experience, which will benefit them no little in the future.. It is predicted that a good amount of truck will be plant ed next yea.r at this place. PLANNING TO PARDON ALL TRAITORS | Washington. Nov. 22.?President Harding will soon begin a study of the records of all persons con victed of war time offenses with view to the extension of pardons. The subject was considered, at a cabinet session. Like all truck crops, there is some i risk of unprofitable prices at mar- j keting season, but if the crop turns J out well once in every two seasons, it will pay to plant it. They oc- i cupy the land only a short time and j can be followed by peanuts and a J number of other, crops. Further- j more, should prices make it un profitable to crate and ship the beans, they can be aflowed to dry on the bushes and sold as dry beans and as seed. The green beans are also good cow and hog feed, so the crop cannot cause serious loss and may prove highly profitable. The Carolina Products Company is go ing-to make a specialty of handling snap beans and Irish potatoes, and expects to ship them in carload lots to the produce merchants of the large eastern cities. They should be planted as early as danger of killing frost is over and pushed to maturity. Red Valentine is the usual market variety.' * Peanuts. . There is a ready market for pea nuts through the oil mills of this state. In addition to the peanuts there is a yieid of 1,500 to 2,000 pounds of peanut hay, - which is worth as much as peavine hay. Sorghum and Sugar Cane. The sorghum should be used both as feed cut green for hogs and cows and part for syrup. The sugar cane I syrup is readily marketable if well j made, and at least part of the j syrup yield should be marketed. Tobacco. Tobacco is one of our staple i money crops, and the acreage in j this crop should be much increased in this county. We are not advising any one who has not experience in curing tobacco to go into tobacco raising extensively; but wherever; experienced help can be obtained for curing, we believe tbe crop I should be planted. If tobacco is j not planted, this acreage should be j put into some other money crop. I Sweet potatoes, cotton, or corn will utilize the land reserved for tobac- I co to advantage, where the farm j owner is not in position to plant j the acre of tobacco. Cows. The cows will be found of the ! greatest value to any system of di versified farming:. Through her you market your peanut hay. your cull sweet potatoes, a portion of your surplus oats, and any other of the crops which may prove unsalable and be left on your hands. She will also add immensely to the fertility of your soil and lead to a system of legume crops?velvet beans, peanuts, peas and similar soil-en- ; riching crops?which will soon J make fertilizer, other than acid phosphate, unnecessary. The cash returns from cream coming in every . two weeks, while they may seem small at first, will count up to a very considerable amount in the course of the year. The skim milk can" be used to advantage as food j for the farm hands and their j families, for the poultry and for the hogs. When the returns in the form of cash for the cream, the value of the skim milk on the farm, and the fertilizer value of I the manure and cf the soil-building j crops, which the dairy cow utilizes j are taken into consideration, the ' cow will be found one of the best return producing factors in any \ system of diversified farming to meet boll weevil conditions. We urge that the fuil program of two , cows be realized at the earliest possible date. Hogs. Hogs are another important part! of the program, and if given proper attention the beg products sold from each one-horse farm i should exceed greatly the $100. put down in the estimated returns i on the program given above. Poultry* Poultry too should receive much more attention than in the past The skim milk mak"S one of the j finest poultry feeds known and will! The Freedom of the City The Origin of the Custom and What it Meant in Former Times New York, 'Nov. 21.?"To one freedom of the city?0 beaver skins." Entries like this would have dot ted the debit side of the expense ac counts of Foch, Dia? Beatty, Jac ques and others of the brilliant pro cession of old world figures drawn to America in the wake of the world war, had they come about three centuries eaYlier. And instead of riding at the head of triumphal processions to the city halls of various municipali ties, there to receive the freedom of the city at the hands of respectful mayors, to the accompaniment of! bands and cheering throngs, they would have had to fde petitions in j court for their > freedom and take oaths not to offend against the law ! of the land. Conferring of the freedom of a city-on a visitor has come to mean almost precisely the opposite of what it meant in the young days i of America and?earlier?in the medieval days in Merrie England. "The origin of the custom of granting the freedom of the city to aliens is virtually lost in an tiquity," said Professor Harold Mc Bain, instructor in municipal gov ernment at Columbia University, commenting on the round of bril liant receptions that have kept the. mayors of New York and other cities almost constantly in tall hats and frock coats in recent months. "It appears, however, to have grown directly out of the medieval organization of industry on a mo nopolistic?.basis, and was original ly an economic measure, pure and simple. "In the old English borough it amounted to a license to carry on business, and later, to vote. With out the status of a freeman, con ferfed by the grant, a man could I not rise above the class of employe, j The early Dutch settlers, of New i Amsterdam?now New York?set up a similar status, called the Burgher Right, in 164 8, as a pro tection against 'Scotch Merchants and Petty Traders who spoil trade and'business by underselling.' Per sons not holding the Burgher Right were prohibited from conducting I business either with Christian or Heathen. The fee was six beaver skins. "Freedom of the city was pro- j vided for in the Dongan charter of 1686?the first English charter off New York city, and its dispensa- j tion was entrusted to ye mayor or j any three or more of ye aldermen. The fee by this time was reckoned in British pounds instead of beaver skins?3 pounds, 12 shillings for the shopkeeper class and 1 pound, 4 shillings for handicraftsmen. "Persons receiving the grant were required to take the oath. 'Obeysant and Obedient Shall ye j bee to the Mayor and Ministers 'of this Citty,' and swore to take turns at the watch, pay their taxes, and warn the mayor of 'Any Gatherings. Conventicles or Conspiracies made against the King's Peace.' "IL was in the latter part of the eighteenth century that the practice of bestowing gratuitous, honorary freedoms of the city appeared. "Early New York records recite the bestowal of the freedom of the city of New York on Captain Sir Peter ? Warren for his exploits against the Frenche and to Gener als Shirley, Monckton and Gage. "Later there is an entry showing the honor was bestowed on three sailors of a vessel lying in New York harbor. in recognition of their services in helping extinguish a disastrous fire." The formality had nearly died out when the termination of the war brought, a revival, designed to honor noted visitors. Professor Mc Bain said he knew of no records showing the origin of the practice of delivering the "keys of the city" to persons receiving the honor. increase egg productions to a very marked extent. There is always a market for poultry and the farm poultry flock is a part of our farm opportunities which we have been sadly neglecting and which will handsomely repay proper atten tion. Modification of Program. We shall, of course expect each individual farmer to make some modification, in the foregoing pro gram, as the needs of his farm re- \ quire, but as a general rule, we be- i lieve that a farm planted and oper ated as above outlined will prove j profitable under boll weevil condi- ! tions, and that the general adop tion of this plan, throughout the ! county, will result in this county j being more prosperous, three or four years hence, than was ever the case under a mainly cotton farming practice. The Organization. Committees are being organized in every school district to give in formation as to kinds of seed and methods of cultivation and prepa- ; ration of the crops for market, i These committees will be kept ! posted by the central committee, and will be prepared to give you ! timely information as needed. Possible Results. If thk> program could be carried out on every farm of the county it would make an aggregate farm ! production for the county of over $12.000.000 and. in addition, would save the county over $1. 000.000 of its annual fertilizer bill. This would be double the normal time yield of the county before the boll weevil arrived. If we only half realize it. we shall even then produce more than the county has been producing. If. on the other hand, we fail to follow some such course, and al- | low the agriculture of the county to go to pieces, as so many boll weevil infected sections have don.-, we may expect our farm production to be cut to one-third of its pre boll-weevil averege, and that re sult spells bankruptcy for us nU. Grade Crossings Eliminated State Railroad Commission Works Out Plan to De crease Danger to Public Columbia, Nov. 22.?The elimina tion at a stroke of more than twen ty dangerous grade crossings on various railroads throughout the state is being worked out by the South Carolina Railroad commis sion, according to a statement made today by Frank Shealy, chairman of the commission. Details in con nection with the elimination of many of these crossings have al ready been arranged, and the final action is expected shortly. At one point in Union county the straightening of a piece of highway will eliminate eleven crossings, where the highway now crosses the railroad again and again within a. very short distance. At a point in Orangeburg county, near Norway, five crossings are to be eliminated by straightening out a piece of road. Two are to be eliminated near Prosperity, two near Rock Hill, one near McCormick, three in Barn well county, and others in various parts of the state. James Cansler, of the commission, has just returned from a trip of inspection on the Pros perity crossings, and he recom mends the construction of a mile of highway on the south side of the railroad, to eliminate a piece of road that crosses the rails several times within that distance. The commission has decided to issue a rule on the county super visors and the state highway com mission, requesting extreme care in preventing road builders from drag ging dirt over the rails at crossings, thereby making the crossings dan gerous. At least two derailments have been caused recently by dirt being dragged over crossings. Other complanits have reached the com mission, and the railroads have ap pealed to the commission for help. ?? ? ? A New Day For the South Rev. J. W. Moultrie Writes Hopefully of the Future Editor Daily Item: - Find enclosed clipping from De troit paper concerning Ford activi ties in the south. I send them to you for partial publication or men tion so that our wide-awake Sum ter League and alert Chamber of Commerce would stud?- if. The south has wonderful opportunities during this depression and deflation to take on other fields of economic and industrial activities. The ne gro is still there, while the mule and cotton on account of boll weevil are discounted. Your busi ness men should not despair. Mr. Ford will sell thr "Muscle Shoals" everywhere and nc seeks a million laborers, mostly negroes, in Ala bama, the heart of the south. My suggestion is that a wide awake committee there should get into the program and do some mis sionary work. Offer one arm to this proposed plant in the southeast where labor is plentiful?I am boosting Sumter. S. C.?while the other arm may look toward Texas or the Mississippi valley. This might heal "the boll weevil scar" and help save all our people, black and white, from sore need and suffering. I am a negro preacher doing mis sionary work for the states of Georgia, Florida and South Caro lina among colored Methodists. We are just closing a wonderful nat ional missionary convention here, represented by delegates from ev ery country and race. I am a part of this big missionary program, looking toward and seeking the conversion of the millions of the unsaved. What a fitting time for such a convention when the "peace conference" at Washington is at tracting world attention and hearth side prayers! Even here and now I think of Sumter and entertain the earnest wish that this suggestion from a negro preacher and citizen there, wh$> is a subscriber to your paper, a patron of your schools and a stu dent of your history, will receive more than a passing' notice and may lead to other suggestions having the good and prosperity of all our people as a high objective. J.*W. MOULTRIE. Detroit, Mich.. Nov. 19, 1921. Baptist State Conventions Columbia. Nov. 22.?The Gener al Board of the Baptist State Con vention and the several commis sions of the convention will meet in Columbia next week, to prepare for the work of the Baptist state con vention, to be held in Greenville De cember 6-8. The conclusion of the Seventy-Five Million campaign will be discussed by the officers. The present week is "Pay Up" week, and the board hoped to report great success in this direction to the convention. The Greenville convention will be the Centennial Convention. Dr. W. J. McGlothlin is president of the General Board and will have charge of the meet ing hen-, the dates for which are November 29-30. -+?*>?*> Announcement From Col. Dargan. Editor The Daily item: After listening to many and j earnest suggestions from people of good intentions, I find myself hold-j ing lirml;. to my announced purpose in your columns to stand firmly foi I election to till the unexpired term of Mr. Clifton. I am ready to meet \ any opponents of my purpose as I Senator, as announced, or after this announcement, for discussion, wel coming always enlightened criti cism, adverse or favorable, especial- | ly adverse thru I may have all my errors exposed before the election. JOHN J. DARGAN. ! Stateburg. s. <\. Nov. ? 2. j :?l* i. I France Endorses Stand of Premier Paris Newspapers Say That "France Speaks Through Mouth of Briand" Paris. Nov. 22.?"France speaks through the mouth of Briand" is almost the universal caption in Paris newspapers over the aecount of the premier's address at the Washington conference. ? ? Migration of Mennonites 200,000 Plan to Move From Canada to Mexico El Paso. Texas, Nov. 20.?One of the largest migrations of Christian people of modern history is that of about 200,000 Mennonites, 50.000 families, from Canada to Mexico, which will begin in December. Their trek is expected to last two years. The Mennonites for the past year have been looking for a new home, claiming unjust treatment in Can ada during the world war. Eight nations have invited them. Land "sharps," "boomers" and others have tried to influence them. After a dozen trips to Mexico, during which representatives con ferred with President Alvaro Ob regon and officials of the Mexican immigration service, the loaders al most decided to settle in Mexico. Then editorials from various sources, save Mexican, declared the Mennonites were "making a mis take," that religious freedom which they have sought could not be guaranteed them under the Mexi can constitution. Another trip was made to Mexico and state and nat ional governments assured the Men nonites that they could worship God as they pleased, that thei' could hold all the tenets of their religion and could enter that coun try and make their permanent home. Canadian Mennonites hold the same belief as early members of the sect who settled in the United States?that of non-resistance. The Mennonites, in defending their be lief, declared that they suffered less in the early days at the hands of the Indians than did others who waged warfare against the savages. The Mennonites still refuse to enter any war. Another peculiar custom of these people is the washing of feet. They say that the example of Christ to his ?isciples in washing their feet stands on same spiritual level as His acts of distributing food and drink to the hungry and thirsty. To the Mennonites the story related by St. Luke is comparable to the ones oth er Christians regard, including the Sacrament and communion. Community property is another belief of some Mennonites, al though it is not general. The mem bers of the sect cooperate in build ing roads, school houses and churches. The removal of the Mennonites to America came about when Wil liam Penn had been granted land for his Quaker followers. He was told of Mennonites who had fled from Germany to Holland and his Quakers came to their aid. The Quakers are credited with helping them financially and in colonizing parts of Ohio, Indiana, Kansas, Ne braska and South Dakota. Later, colonies were established in Sas- j katchewan and other parts of Can- j ada*. During the past year a few of the sect have settled in Florida. For years there were 14 inde pendent bodies of Mennonites, but years ago the sect was reunited. The Mennonites will settle in Chihuahua and Durango, principal ly in the former state. Options have been taken on land in both states and improvements are being made on one large tract, the Bustillos hacienda, or ranch, near Bustillos and Chihuahua City. The colonists have paid 25,000 pesos to hold this tract, the money being on deposit to the credit of the Zuloaga family, heirs fo the large land owner, Car los Zuloaga. The purchase price is 000,000 pesos. Officer Kills Negro j Pulls Pistol When Search of j House is Started Holly Hill. Nov. 21.?Sunday! morning Magistrate L. R. Rhame was informed that Simon Grant, a I negro, living five miles from Holly \ Hill, was making and selling whis- [ key, whereupon a search warrant was issued. Magistrate Rhame, O. j D. Rhame and Rural Policeman j Fanning proceeded to the home of Grant and told him of their pur- i pose to search the house. Grant, it is said, was boisterous and drew his pistol on the policeman, where- j upon Fanning, it is alleged, fired and the negro was killed instantly. 1 Grant's brother appeared on the I scene with a gun in his band, but the handcuffs were applied and the negro landed safely in jail. An inquest was held over the ,' body of Simon Grant, the verdict being justifiable homicide. The search, however, was made. ! and a jug partly tilled with whis key was found in the house, and a half barrel of mash was found in the kitchen. Washington. Nov. 22.?The revo cation of scores of brewers' per- j mits for the manufacture of near beer is said to be under considera tion by the prohibition enforcement i officers. Investigation has disclos- j ed. the officials said, that many 1 brewers are selling beer with al- . coholic content well beyond the le gal limit. ? ?? ? Madison. Nov. -'2.?Six hunters were killed during the deer hunting season in Wisconsin, and upper Michigan. game conservative committee ;i nnounced. Red-springs coated with atumi hum paint will n<>t rust. China's Fate Dis cussed in Secret Powers Having Openly Agreed on Integrity of China To Take Up Details in Exe cutive Session Washington, Nov. 22.?With the Far Eastern negotiations advanced to the stage of agreement on gen eral principles by the powers de- j daring their intention to respect the administrative and territorial integrity of China, the Washington conference today resumed discus sion at a further executive session. The Horror of Famine! Russia in the Grip of a Great Hunger Samara, On the Volga, Oct. 27 (By a Staff Correspondent of The Associated Press).?The numerical and geographical extent of the great famine cannot be given. There is today and has been as much food available in Samaria, for those who have money, as in Baku, on the Caspian Sea, ^2,000 miles distant. The Russian refu gees from Bolshevism in Constan tniople are suffering from hunger and lack of clothes almost as much as those Russians in Poltava and they in their turn as much as those in Orenburg. The Associated Press corre spondent completed a journey from Constantinople to Moscow by way of Tiflis, Baku, Astrakhan and Sa mara, and everywhere found in tense misery, the most sordid of which was seen in the dreary steppe region between Tiflis (Georgia) and Baku (port of Aberbaijan on the Caspian Sea). There revolution after revolution, for five years, has left a trail of de struction and ruined houses and wrecked railway stations which cannot be matched in Russia. Add ed to the lack of food, is the con stant battle with malaria, cholera, and typhus, and added to these is the cold against which there is little shelter or fuel. No more pathetic sight was seen than that of the Baku central rail- i way station where thousands of' men, women and children, goin' nobody could say where, we.e camped on dirty sidings, for the most part dressed in rag3 and eat ing scraps of food like hunted ar t mals. . * To the north, 'along the V? -r in Russia, the msiery is often of :1 respectable, cleanlv kind. A Czaritzzyn thousands of fami'i' are living in railway cars. Oth r I have been housed in villas a palaces. Begging is rather the exception than the rule everywhere in the famine regions. The Gwraan colonist villages and towns along the Volga are so clean ly and orderly, surrounded by such florid luxuriance of field and forest, that it is hard to believe their peo ple are suffering from hunger. As everywhere in Russia, the churches are open, and services are held. At Volsk, when the correspondent at tended vespers, he was followed out of the church by one of the priests who begged that food come from America before his people starved. In the worst areas there is far more hunger swelling than was seen in Vienna in the winter of 1918. This is the last stage of star vation and when it comes neither food nor medicine will help. The majority of such cases are to be seen in the- cities, about the railway station, in the trains or about the landing stages and on the steamers of the Volga, where hundreds of thousands of peasant wanderers are seeking to reach friends in districts where they imagine food conditions are better. The government is trying to dis courage such wanderings but they are continuing. The distances made by peasant families are incredible. At Sara tov, about the river front, may be met families from Orenburg going towards the Ukraine, where the crops did not fail, and then fami lies from Astrakhan going up river to some one of the German vil lages such as Volsk or Baronov. While there is perfect order in all Russia, on every hand the in dividual struggle for life, for daily food, is bitter and hard. No one thinks of anyone else. Robbery is limited, as robbers are shot when caught, but trickery in small trad ing is the rule. A warm place to sleep, something to eat, and cloth ing, are the beginning and end of daily life. Children are brushed aside, ignored or treated like little animals. A person invited to a meal will eat twice what good manners would permit. He is laying in a stock of food, building up his body, he fig ures, for the winter cold. Those with money are hoarding food. In some places peasants refuse to seil bread at any price. They are ; afraid of the winter famine. Woman on Trial For Murder Orlando. Fla.. Nov. 22 ?Lena M. T. Clarke, former postmistress at West Palm Beach, was today placed on trial charged with the murder of Fred A. Miltimore, a former em ployee of the postoffice. Baxter Patterson, the chauffeur who drove Miss Clarke to Orlando the day of the killing. August 1st. was placed on trial with her. ?-? ? ? Medicinal Beer Up To President Washington, Nov. 22.?The anti- ? medical beer bill, passed by con- ! sress last week, has been received : by President Harding and by him has been referred to the treasury department for recommendation ;is to its approval. The State Bor rows $200,000.00 The State of South Carolina Is a Havy Borrower in Anti cipation of Taxes Columbia, Nov. 22?The state finance committee, consisting of Governor Cooper, Sam T. Carter, state treasurer, and Walter E. Dun can, comptroller general, "has ne gotiated another loan for the state government and the money will in all probability be borrowed today. All arrangements have been com pleted for the borrowing, Governor Cooper said yesterday, and only the signing of tlr^ notes is left before the money will be turned over to the state's credit. The amount arranged for is $200,000, it was said yesterday, and it is to be borrowed through the Palmetto National bank of Colum bia. This sum will bring the total borrowed this year to $4,000,000. The general appropriation bill pro vides that money not to exceed $5, 050,000 can be borrowed in antic!-? pation of the taxes. Indications now point to anoth'er loan before the end of the next legislative ses sion, but a rush of new tax money may stave off this additional loan. Winners in Athletic Contest. The following named ? boys are the winners in the- athletic events of school day at the county fair:; 50 yard dash for boys under 100 pounds?Banks Boykin, Pinewood; 1st; Lin wood Graham, Pinewood, 2nd; Cecil Rodgers, Pisgah, 3rd. 50 yard dash, boys under 135 j pounds?Douglas Barwick. Pine- -;j wood, 1st; Eugene Keels, Shiloh High School. 2nd; Clarence Ged- I dings. Bethel, 3rd. 100 yard dash, boys unde?-r&0 ?J pounds?Banks Boykin, PinowoodV * 1st; Jack Newman, Concord, 2nd; Linwood Graham, Pinewood. 3rd. 100 yard dash, boys under 135 pounds?Douglas Barwick, Pine wood, 1st; Clarence Geddings". Bethel, 2nd; Eugene Keels, Shiloh | High School. 3rd. Standing broad jump (any rural ??.hool boy)?Clarence Geddings, m Bethel, 8 feet, 4 1-2 inches, 1st; % Robert, Binkins, Loring MilL 7 feet, ?i inches, 2nd; Johnnie, Logan, trinity, 7 feet, 3 inches, 3rd. --^M Running broad jump?Douglas; >? Barwick, Pinewood, 15 feet, 4 in:, 1st; Johnnie Logan, Trinity, .14 feet, 10 inches, 2nd; Richard Cain, Bethel, 14 feet, 3 inches, 3rd. . Running high jump ? Johnnie Logan, Trinity, 55 inches. 1st; Clar ence Geddings, Bethe?, 54 inches, 2nd; Richard Cain, Bethel, 53 in., 3rd. Tug of war (boys under 100 | pounds)?Bethel team composed of following boys: Ladsen Geddings, Clifton Geddings, Percy Geddings, Willard McLeod, Dwight Cain, 1st. Tug of war (boys- over 100 p?unds)-^^??*)?! team composed of the ' 'following boys:: 3SS& Brunson, Hyatt Bmfisc^g^J^tot^^ Brunson, Sam Hodge, Sidney-New man, 1st. By allowing three points for first places, two for second; one for third, and five for winning tug of war, the various schools and- indi viduals participating may be graded as fallows: Pinewood, 18 points..: BetheL!7 points. Concord, 7 points. Trinity, 6 points. Shiloh High School. 3 points. Loring Mill, 2 points. Pisgah, 1 point. ..t Individual honors go to Doug las Barwick of Pinewood with -9 points, however, he is closely fol lowed by Clarence Geddings . of Bethel with 8, while Johnnie Lo gan of Trinity and Banks Boykin of Pinewood tie with 6 points each. The Fair Association gave prise* of one dollar each to each boy winr ? ning a first place and to each boy I on a winning tug of war team. Printers School Graduates Thirty. | Macon, Ga., Nov. 21.?Thirty va cancies were created In publishers* typesetting school here when dur ing the past month that number of students finished the course of: in struction and went out to accept, positions. One went to New^ff^-^ leans, one to Texas, and some went to North Carolina. Kentucky, and other states. The course of study that was ar ranged four months ago, as a re quirement for each student, was.'v? sent to owners of monotype, lino type and intertypes in various parts ^ of the country, and- their opinion of the practicability of the course was asked. Some approved it most heartily; ethers said it was thor ough, but that it contained re quirements that no student could meet within less than two to four years. Some superintendents of j printing plans gave this latter opin ion, based, perhaps, on their experi ence with the progress of appren tices. It has been found, however, J| that nine et of ten of the students who undertook the course about four months ago* completed it be fore the end of the four months. ^ The. Maco'n Educator, a ninthly J paper printed by the studentsStfidfl edited by the president of the I Georgia-Alabama Business College, is being sent to all who are inter ested in the work of the school eith- | er as prospective students or as former students, or backers. MRS. JAMES J. HILL DEAD St. Paul, Nov. 22.?Mrs. James J. Hill, the widow of the former president of the Great Northern . Railway, died at her home here af- * ter a long illness. Washington, Nov. 22.?Disord? marked the beginning of the sen ate consideration of the conference! report on the tax bill, reaching a climax in the unusual procedure of expunging from the Record.words used in the clash between Senators Penrose. of Pennsylvania, and Hef hn, of Alabama. Trial by jury is said to have ex isted in 2/000 B. C.