The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, March 16, 1921, Image 4
Cdt iMafc|pan an? ^outjjrcriL
Published We 'anday and Saturday
_ ?BY?
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bLJJTKK. b. a
? Term*:
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The Sumter Watchman was found?
ed in 1*60 and the True Southron in
110?. The Watchman and Southron
now has the combined circulation and
influence of both of the old papers,
tod la msmfestly the best advertising
medium in Sumter.
4
A DF.IWItl MI NT OF OKFEXSE.
t Ono of the most interesting pro?
posals put forward in the name of the
aew admjntftVation is the combining
of the army and navy departments
under one head. It is reported that
Mr. Weeks and Mr. Denby, in accept?
ing their posts, both did so with the
understanding that they should work
together with the ultimate aim of
amalgamation. There would be a
"secretary of national defense," di?
recting not only the two existing de?
partments but also a new ono, the de?
partment of aviation. I,a ml. water
nnd air defense would take equal
rank.
The plan sounds good. There is no
reason In the nature of things why
the laad and water systems of de
font* should bo kept separate. Many
ether governments combine them. The
existing arrangement showed serious
defects during the war, when the
army and navy often got Into each
other's way, overlapping and inter?
fering, and according to some reports,
easting the country hundreds of mil
lleps sil dollars by bidding against
each other for supplies. That could
hardly be helped, with two separate
organlaatlns each working; independ?
ently to make the best showing for
trseU*. but there ts no reason why so
Unbusinesslike a system should be
perpetuated. There is much prom?
ise, too, In the Idea of raising the air
ssrvice to equal dignity with the land
and sra service. That is as it should
W a time may come when the
aerial defense Is the most important
of the three.
Home criticisms of this plan Boom
I'?4?? 'l on a Wrong interpretation. It
ts said that the combination proposed
would be a step backward to prtmt
tlve simplicity, and that tho depart
mekts are now too vkst and complex
to bo conducted by one man. It the
matter were worked out rightly, thf
criticism would not hold. There
would still be, virtually, a secretary
of war, a secretary of the navy and
a secretary of aviation, to attend to
all the regular departmental work;
but there Would la1 one big man. as
secretary of national defense, to pre
serve the balance bet wen them ami
co-ordinate their activities.
Inasmuch as tho nation spends
more money for defense than for any
w
other purpose, the immense Import
tftce of su? h a reform should be seit
?\ ident.
PAYING lOU l.l?t < vrroN.
In most Institutions of learning In
the pnat th" cost of education has
gr?aty I xceed* d the tuition charged.
Fndowment and other funds have
made up the deficit. That is not to
be the policy of Harvard's Graduate
School of business, which will raise
its tuition next year from $250 to
$40?. This move Is explained by the
head of the school as follows:
' Wo have business education on
a SOal basis in the belief that it khould
be regnded as an Investment which
wlM ulllruatjdv pay good dividends in
the form of increased earning power
A sound business education ought
to be wsjrtl paying for at its full vul
ut.
The school authorities recognize
that rdany students pesSjsgS limited
funds when they ' commence their
training There are liberal arrange
ments for loans but every student Is
expected to be able to nay up in full
eventually.
The Idea upheld, that the business
training Is an Investment to the stu?
dent which Is worth paying lor. is
aood. All education Is an in\estment
however, and in many Instances no
exact financial estimate oi its woitb
ran ever be made. Kven In the Har?
vard business school, It is admitted
that the tuition will not pa \ for fu?
ture development of the school, for
new buildings, for research and ex?
perimental woik. for use of physical
e mi| nont such as lands, buildings,
athletic groom It* furnished by
the unlvrrsitv.
la the end. it appears, fducat.on
can only be paid for fully by service
to civilisation and IS mankind The
If years snd more, from the ele?
mentary schools on up through the
highly specialised graduate schools,
uro ieally the nation s Investment In
its youth. Selmol taxes and tuition
l>ay only ;i small part of the cost.
Tin- rest I omes back in the various
forms ot Service that SACh genera?
tion renders.
TRUTH FROM russia.
The latest Authentic news of it
vital nature from Russia was brought
the other day by Mortis BchWAltA, ;t
California SOCiAllSt, when he landed
it) New York. With his wife, a Writer
known as Jessie li. liOllOi an Amer?
ican from Wisconsin, he went to
Russia to attend the Third Internat?
ionale In Moscow, Hers is pari ot
his report:
"The people are dying not only
from exhnustton and privation, but
from ghastly, terrifying fright -fear
id what the government will do. for
in Russin tu? man may dare "express
ius opinions, not ma) men assem?
ble in groups to discuss th govern*
inenti The people canot talk froe|)
the walls ha v.- ears.
"The informers of tho Bolshcviki
are everywhere ond a man who of?
fends in any way is dragged from his
hed at the point of a bayonet, hur?
ried away from his friends and fam?
ily to whom he in lost forever, ami i
shot without jury trial.
"Bolshevik Rursian government is
forever claiming to the world that it
is free?that it stands for a free
Russia. It is the most despotic gov?
ernment that has ever been known in
the history of man."
These are not mere words. He
speaks from bitter experience. He
and his wife went to Russia as to a
Promised Land. They not only saw,
hut suffered. Though their sympa?
thies were, with the Bolshevik, they
were arrested, apparently an "bour?
geois." Their captors started taking
from them all their objects of value.
Mrs. Schwartz pleaded to be allowed
to keep a pin given her by her moth?
er. They put a bayonet at her breast
and tore the pin from her throat.
She went on a hunger strike in prison,
saying. "I have wprked for the So?
cialist parly ali my life. If you can?
not Klvo me a square deal in Russia
now, life is not worth living to UW "
So she died.
"1 have learned my lesson," Mjri
Mr. Schwartz. "I believe that the
capitalistic form of government has
made mistakes, but I would rather
live under a poor republican form
of government with its occasional
errors and injustices than tinder the
best so-called Bolshevist govern?
ment.'
THE russian MMsUMtR.
The executive committee Of former
members of the Russian douma
which has headquarters at Paris, his
st?nt to Boris Bakmetleff a messaip?
for the American people. Bakmetleff
was ambassador of the- provisions!
government under Knrensky, and
?lue? the Bolshevist revolution has
been living in Washington, without
cdlloiul authority to speak for his
country, biding his time with RUS
sis I patience,
Mr. BakinetiefC WAS SSkod Iiy tl..
commutes to explain lo the Ameri?
can people the difference between
this upr.sing and previous military
expeditions against the Reds, and ro,
request that food and other aid he
sent the Russians cither directly 6r
through tin* American Red Crow,
purely on humanitarian grounds.
"We do no ssk the United States
ro participate in the situation In any
wa.v polltioally,^ said Nl olal Avaken
tteff,. president of ths committee,
but hy confining Itself strletlv lo
humanitarian aid it can do much
directly t* bring about freedom in
Russia. Our present desire Is ?.o rUfh
food to ths area temporarily freed
from ths Bolshevikl."
This sounds llks sound sense
Moi cover, said Mi. Avskentietf: |
"The executive ?ommitte deci.led
last January that Bolshevism can be
defeated only from within and n*t
with expeditions such as that ol* flcit.
Wtangei. The present revolution
proves the wisdom of our decision.
The anti-Bolshevik movement will
help t\ith propaganda. supplies of
food aao similar aid. but no military
form w ill ( ver be Attempted again."
This is no hall -oncked demand for
recognition of a government which is
no government but a horror; this is
no weakling plea for undeserved
http? This is ? straight explanation,
man to man, people to people. R is
the requset of one neighbor to anoth?
er for something for the family to
eat WhllS IhSJ .?ie engaged in putting
the his our it deserves respect, It
Is ttie most hopeful word which has
corns from Russia for four years,
i \m:u:ss hHipPKKsi,
Ameriean.i like to believe that thej
do ihlngi * leu* better thsn othet
pesssssA Tel here is a dispatch from
Uruguay voicing h eomplnlnt which
h?? hsss hsnrd t???toir. it states that
a number ot merchants In Moutc
* idr?* Imve refused to SCCspt delivery
of American goods because they
hAVt CABAS poorly pAekSd, with many
articles broken, When Montevideo
metfchonti hnve ashed to have gomiH
paeked in boxes the American ship?
per has disregAfded the request SttA
sent IhOm in bahn uheli liavtydfl
nuflii lent i u < u e. t lorr^hjflj
tin: S|SSj|
can city printed pictures pf ;i num?
ber of llie.-r da ma tied shipment! and
then wrote:
'Such occurrences h ad to strained
eommereial relations between the
United states and Uruguay. Since
European production has been aug
mcntedi Uruguayan merchants havt
received better treatment from Eu?
ropean manufucturera, who carefully
till nidels. The reduced prices ul
which these goods are sold give, ii,. ,;
a place abovy American products.*
if Uruguay were the only country
where merchants have complained ?.
American carelessness it might seem
to be the fault of a few shippers only.
I Bui there have been Other comp h .
I In tin past from other part-- ol So Ul
[.America. There have also been com?
plaints from railroads and cxpn
companies within the "United States,
telling of Inexcusable recklessness in
packing goodtf tor long dlst ti
transportation.
liere is an excellent and Rimph v
to improve foreign trade. To acte
out American goods as well packed
as they are made is an act of | .1
triotism. it is ai*o good business.
RAILROAD WAGE ItBWJOTIONS.
Tho railroad employees, three times
in the last few years, demanded and
obtained higher wages on the ground
that they needed more money to meet
the increased cost of living. Now the
railroads are, insisting on lowering
wages, on the ground that they need
to cut expenses in order to meet the
cost of operation.
it is tho same principle, with its
application Inverted. And tho rail- j
roads' argument seems as sound as
the brotherhoods' was last year and
the year before The lines are losing
money. Many of theta, since the
business depression brought a Slump
in traffic, are not merely failing to
pay dividends?they are not meeting
actual expenses.
Tb'.a is Intolerable ami unfair.
Even a public service corporation has
ii right to live, as long as It gives ser?
vice. As far as the railroads are
concerned, they have got to live, be?
cause the public aeeds them, and so
they must be allowed a decent living.
If they cannot get it In any other way,
they must do it by reducing wages.
High tales have failed to provide the
necessary funds. Subsidies are con?
trary to American policy. The em?
ploy Sea WhOM Wages were evened up
to last year's price levels, now have
the advantage of lowered com of liv?
ing. It is natural for the railroads
to argue that if wages go up when
prices do, they should go dow n when
prices do.
This principle is being applied in
many other industries .and is bound
to be applied itt the railroad Indus?
try. If the railroads are wist*, how?
ever, they will .apply it cautiously, by
genera] agreement, with the san tion
at the federal railroad labor board,
instead ol trying to Ignore that body.
Ii GERMANY VYKRE ON TOP.
After all, the Ot rmana are possi-!
bly suffering It ss from tin- presence
or an allied army of occupation and
a tuff of alllvd tax-collectors than
the Itritl It, Frem h ami Belgian
would have suffered it' the Germans
bad accomplished their original pur?
pose, Germany planned to sit in
triumph at Paris and ramdon levyi \u
tribute on her subject neighbors,
German officials even boasted, a'
the height of their arrogance, when
they were pushing toward Paris and
j Were sure of victory, that lin y would
impose an Indemnity upon the Unit?
ed States greater than the utmost
reparation the allies have now de?
manded, and that tiny *would Bcize
and hold New York for ransom.
it is well to remember these
'lungs now, when tho Germans a \
lilling the world with indignant clam?
or. Some or the allies' exac tions no
doubt are unjust, and the general al?
lied policy may be unwise, when con?
sidered in the long run. from the
standpoint of the general good. But
it helps an observer, in making a
proper appraisal of conflicting argu?
ments, to weigh caltply the dominant
motives '->f the two sides, during tin'
war and since, and figure what tho sit?
uation would be today if the aggres?
sors had won instead of the defend?
ers.
Fewer persons were killed on rail?
roads in 1011? than in any > a. sine
I 19 ft.
ON ACCOUNT?-Of the \v. o. W.
convention being in session, tlie
regular monthly meeting of the
Camp has been postponed until
Wednesday, tin- 23rd. II. S. Hood,
( ?Merk.
,-_
FOR BALE?Dixie Triumph wilt re
! sistant seed from eottpu that made
bale and half the acre, carefully
ginned to provenl mixing. This is
a large boll open bearing cotton of
the earliest variety which quali?
fications makes It the best to plant
PEACE BETWEEN
REPUBLICS
Panama and Costa Rica Accept
Mediation by United States
Geneva, March l:: (By the Associat?
ed Press), The league of nations 10
day published dispatches exchanged
between Panama ;? i. I c ita Ii >a u l
Sir iv Lc I M umm- : :.?<'. ere
tury of Iii - Ii ugu? . in tvhich tin ; . ?
r? publii s notil ed Sil I: i thai the:
had ae? ? pted med iai ion I y th< Un ? ?'.
States in their I'ronti r dispute a l
that hostIUIks havi ceased. Sii
in replying, expressed Liu pleasure (.;'
tli< cot ncil of tin ! of n ti
.'it the mediation iit ?!ie 1 nil I ates
which, he said, seemed n - o >d ?va; of
hrlngrln; about ;? Bettlern n< ? : diJl
cuJticH of two members of ii. league
t>f nations.
Paim mn and t ? sta ?i. a, ? at h ho Is
the other ly responfli ?Ii for the
ditlbailty along tin bord> .? b twet n
the I wo i' . lies. Panama 11 lter?
i.: ?
United States supreme court in ih ?
limiting i e frontier ami reserve the
right to .i. i an indemnity for tin
expenses >' defensive expeditions.
EmphaHf Is laid on the fact that Cos?
ta illcau prisoners and wounded are
being well treat- d by tin- Panamans
in conformity With international
agreement "and as is proper in a
chivalrous country."
Costa It lea in reporting Its accept?
ance of American mediation says:
"The conflict lias virtually terminat?
ed."
San .lose. Costa Rica, March 1L'.?
Tin- Costs Rienn government has dis?
mantled tlx- telegraph line on the
Panaman border. The legality of this
line lias been disputed by the Pana?
man government in the pr< sent boun?
dary dispute.
Mr. s. i. Till Proud of Men of Slimier.
'"The nu n of Bumter do things
right" was the statement made by
Mr. S. I. Till when the men of tin*
McLeod-Wesley Bible class won a.
point and a siKnal victory over the
Bible class of Florence yesterday
morning when there- was present at
the Bumter Sunday school Bible class
one more man than Florence was
aide to muster. Sumter's attendance
was ;',is to the '?17 nun of Florence.
Mr. Till further states that in- is the
happiest man in Sumter over this vic?
tory.
This contest between Sumter and
Florence will close on Easter Sun?
day and a!! no n w ho possess any de?
gree of city pride should take an in?
terest in this contest as it is being
watched by all men's classes through?
out the entire state. Sumter has nev?
er lost a contest of this kind. Mr.
Till is expecting 'he number present
on next Sunday moruing it the Bible
class t?i r ach 400 men and the class
<h counting on having BOO na n pres?
ent on Kastel* Sunday.
The zebra's legs have no warts.
Thirty-two per cent of the farm
houses in the United States have run
nlng water in the house.
Has the league of nations no gar?
den hose to play on Panama and Co
ts Rica?- Iloston If' raid.
Police Dots,
Several cases ol petty larceny cume
ip befoi e i lie i "order on vVedm
Ittj which were dulj (lisp *u <\ of 1
'?<? dispensation of appropriate s*.n
? neos Insu? d by Judge Harl y. i
???!:?? s handled deal I for the inoai paii
ith i f*i* \? of lie ihukI annoying i
?
[charge as was Dave Washington,
namely for the roc ivlng of st*?l< n
gooda. 'i, was truthful throughout*
I admitting his \ uilt, I Is war. given
,r 30 days and had
dng to JUd m
right end
i eon i itted to ?he
n* sdaj to a w ail his
nk : . . and lerocsy*
In his po wem ion
: .t ?-?. again*; him to which l?e had
"' a I guilty. < loods belonging to
herd's st >re were found in his pos?
session and he admitted his thefta
Dave Washington was tried on the
changes of receiving stolen goods and
received the sentence of $1?M ->r SO
days on the gang. Washington re?
ceived this iieavy fine for his wilful
lying and g< neral other trouble which
ho caused the police during their in?
vestigations of the case. When Anal?
ly h. saw tint the net of evidence
had bei n too closely woven around
him and that his emphatic denials
availed i,im little, he confessed to the
charge against him.
Itooscvelt Ttndal was brought be?
fore the recorder upon the same
an a not se ioui iy hurt,
a ;? p H i : ? > on the job seven
uut of Lhc week end are cm;
lant y rout ding 'em n. and bringing
... m in. Ev n the big presidential
names which some of the m?*-r*t;****si
bear, as will be noted/ does j. t nave
them the embarrassment of a litt'o
trip now end then before the record
RIOTS IN EGYPT
Alexandria. Egyptt March 12.??
Three Killed, others wounded when
police tailed to break up demon?
strations against Winston Spencer
'Churchill, new secretary of colonies.
WHY INCREASE SURPLUS?
To the Farmers of South Carolina:
It is generally agreed that a 6,000,000-bale crop of cot?
ton this year would net the South just as much as a $12,
000,000-bale crop. The chances are it would net us more.
Why should the farmers of the South raise 0,000,000 bales of
cotton to give away when food and feeds tuffs could be rais?
ed on that land?
South Carolina imported $111,000,000 worth of food
and feedstuff's from the West last year. South Carolina's
cotton crop last year if sold on a basis of 10c a pound would
net the state approximately ?75,000,000. In other words
our cotton does not net us enough to pay for the food and
feedstuffs which we aEfrfmporting front the West but*which
we could really raise at home.
There is no use of raising tot ton ibis year when there
is already enough on hand to supply the world for a year
and a half. Let's raise food and feedstuff8 and keep the
$] 11,000,000 that we spent last year for them at home this
year.
SOUTH CAROLINA COTTON ASSOi I \T10N
Increase the yieid per acre, cut production
costs, improve the quality of your crop and
protect against weather, injects and dis?
eases by the liberal use of
IAOI MAU*
See your Royster dealer
and place your order now
F. S. Royster Guano Co
Norfolk, Va. Richmond, Va. Lynchburg, V
u Charlotte, N. C. VVashingtjMfj
Misburg S