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TSR SUMTEB WATCHMAN, Este? _ Consolidated Aug. 2,1 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ PUBLIC RECEIVES MANY MILLIONS John D. Rockefeller's Gift to Mankind Reaches the $100,000,000 Mark TO APPLY TO EDUCA TION AND HEALTH Colleges and Educational Insti tutions Throughout Nation to Receive Help New Yorkr Dec. 24.?John D. Rock efeller today gave to mankind a Christmas present of $100,000,000? half to the general education board to raise the salaries of college pro fessors and half to the Rockefeller Foundation to aid in, its work of combating disease through improve ment of .medical education, public health administration and scientific researeh. It is estimated that Mr. Rockefeller's public gifts now approx imate $450,000,000. While leaving to the general educa tion-hoard the task of selecting the colleges* which shall receive awards for. their teaching staffs and the amount each is to receive, Mr. Rocke feller.urged that the principal as well as the income be used "as promptly . and largely as may seem wise." The trustees of the Rockefeller Foundation also are authorize-? to .utilize both the principal and income of their gifts, in connection with which Mr. Rockefeller added that if ?the hoard should see fit to use any part of this new gift in promoting medical education in Canada, "such action would meet with my cordial approval" Such action will be tak en,, according to Dr., George E. Vin cent, president of the foundation, who .stated^tonight that the trustees would be asked to set aside $5*000,000 fori th^s- purpose. '. It'^-lcn?.wn that -for a long" time} . -JRockefeller has been interested inv the problem of aiding teachers in the 'cciintry's higher institutions' of learning in 'meeting the increased cost oi; living. Among the- 600 colleges in thet United States campaigns are un der .way to^ raise approximately $150,-. ^^^QhTl[o^^^is purpose; and". while making, his gifts Mr. Rockefeller does hot specify institutions' receiving a share: tthaft? contribute a sum them ?elves^.this has been the general prac tice of the general education board.. Certain officers of the general edu cation board are about to start on a trip south,^hen they will inspect col lege* .and. universities - which already ihave applied for assistance. Trevor Amett, trustee of the University of Chicago, has been elected an addition al secretary of the board and will make the trip. The board will hold it3; next meeting February 26, and it is* ejected that at that time a policy for distribution of' the fund will be adopted. In transmitting his gift to the board Mr. Rockefeller said: i "The attention of the American bublic has recently been drawn to the urgent and immediate necessity of providing more adequate salaries to members of the teaching profession. It is of the highest importance that those entrusted with the education of youth and the increase of knowl edge should not be led to abandon their railing by reason of financial pressure, or to cling to it amid dis couragements due to financial limita tions. It is of equal importance to our future welfare and progress that able and aspiring young men and wo men should not for similar reasons be deterred from devoting their lives to teaching. "While this gift is made for the general corporate purposes of the board, I should cordially endorse a decision to use the principal, as well as the income, as promptly and large ly as may seem wise for the purpose of cooperating with the higher institu tions of learning in raising sums spe cifically devoted to the increase of teachers' salaries." " In transmitting his gift to the Rockefeler Foundation "to promote the well being of mankind through out the world." Mr. Rockefeller im posed no restrictions, although he ex pressed especial interest in the work I being done throughout the world in! combating disease in the improvement! of medical education. . Alluding to a gift of S20.000.000 for this purpose, which he made to the general education board this year, he said: "My attention has Tjeen called to the needs of some of the medical schools in Canada, but as the activi ties 'fif the general education board are by its ' charter limited to tho United States. I understand that gift i may not be used for Canadian schools. . "The Canadian people are our near neighbors. They are closely bound t<> us by ties of race, language and in ternational friendship, and they hav without stint, sacrificed themselves, their youth and their resources to the end that democracy might be saved and extended. For these reasons if your board should see fit to use any part of this new gift in promoting medical education in Canada such ac tion would meet with my cordial ap proval." Mr. and Mrs. A. C. Sheriff of Nor way are visitors hi the city today. I <*feed April 18M. "Bo Jus L881. SU1 ALL RAILROADS TO BE RETURNED , I I ? i. ? * .1 . Express Lines Also to Be Turn- j i ed Back?Big Problem Confronts System ! I - = j ! RAILROADS READY ! j FOR THE TRANSFER) j In Two Years of Control, Gov j ernment Encounter Deficit of j Near $646,000,000 i **??~~??- , j Washington; Dec. 24.?President | Wilson tonight issued a proclamation j [returning the railroads and express; j companies to private control March i 1.. I Failure of congress to enact reme- [ dial legislation was given as the reas- j on for extending by two months the time originally announced for relin quishing government control of the' railroad properties. In his message to congress last May, President Wilson said the roads would be turned back at the end of the calendar year. "No agreement having yet been reached by congress," Secretary Tu multy said in announcing the proc lamation, "it becomes necessary in the public interest to allow a reasonable time' to -elapse between the issuing of the proclamation and the date of its actually taking effect. The Pres ident advised that the railroad and express companies are not organized to make it possible for them to re ceive and mis nage their properties if actually turned over to them on De cember siv* The Esch-Cummins bill designed to meet conditions Incident to the return of the roads now is in conference. Inasmuch as the staffs of the vari ous systems have been retained virtu ally intact by the railroad administra tion, the ..return of tho railroads to private control will involve legal and j financial rather than operating ques tions. TIu-s^ departments of the rail road administration will remain in.ex istence with> increased .personnel for' months after the operating officers have left the ? government service, Swagar SherJey, former chairman of the. Hpuse appropriation committee ahti'. rV? } tlirector of finance , fo r the railroad administration, probably will be tin nai chosen to wind up the! government's business in railroading. i Even bigger problems confront the express companies. Consolidated into one system under government oper ation, the four original corporations are reported to have asked the de partment Of Justice if there would be any violation of the Sherman anti trust law in their remaining a unit. In two years of physical possession of the railroads, the government has! encountered a deficit of approxi-1 mately $646,000,000 according to es- j timates submitted by Mr. Sherley to j Senator Cummins. When the roads were taken over January 1, 1918,1 Congress guaranteed them a rental ! of $900,000.000 annually, based on the average income of a three-year test period. Operating revenues in 19 lS^ fell $230.000,000 below the standard return and this year will be about $250.000.000 under that amount. The remainder of the dvficit has been in- ! purred in expenses of administration, ! inland waterways, etc. Two appropriations have been made '. by congress, one of $500.000,000 and the other of '$50.000,000. much of which has been used as a revolving fund by railroad corporations and for purchase of new equipment. Themse j amounts will be repaid to the gov ernment. After the President's proclamation was announced, Director General] Hines made public a message to all officers and employes of the railroad j administration thanking them for their cooperating in the past and be- : speaking their best efforts in the re- j remaining period of federal control. , Leaders in congress expressed ap- j proval of the president's action in j postponing return of the railroads. "I think the president has done the j right thing,'7 said Senator Cummins, j of Iowa, chairman of the Senate in-' terstate commerce committee, and j I chairman of the subcommittee which j j fromed the legislation known as the j Cummins bill. "It would have been j very unfortunate if the roads had been turned back before necessary legis- j Iation was enacted. Legislation to' meet conditions in connection with the reversion of the properties un- j doubtedly will be sent to the president j within the next month. It may be; possible to complete the legislation ; before the end of January." Philadelphia, Dec. 24.?Thomas Dc- j Witt Cuyler. a director of the Penn sylvania Railroad and chairman of j the Association of Railway Executives representing virtually all the import ant railroads of the country, said tonight the president's announce-; ment regarding the return of the j roads to their owners March 1 is ad mirable in its t^ne and substance and is entirely satisfactory to the rail roads. "The railroads," he continued, "will be fully prepared and organized to I take over their properties. I enter tain no doubt but that by March f congress will have enacted a sound and conservative law for the protec tion of the railroads and the public alike." Baitimor.e Dec 24.?Daniel Wji od Hear not?Dot all the end* Tboa At ffTER, S. C, WEDNESI FIUME DISPUTE NOT SETTLED I - D'Annunzio Determined to Hold Fast to Power Acquired Through Rebellion DEFIES THE ITALIAN GOVERNMENT It is Said, However, That He Is Rapidly Losing Power in His Undertaking . Fi time. Dee. 27 (By the Associated Press).?Gabriele D'Annunzio made the announcement today that he would resist any efforts to expel him from Flume. He said he had reached the decision that the guarantees offered by the government were insufficient to warrant his leaving. That his troops be left off without punishment for joining his crusade is one of the demands made by D'An nunzio in return for. his departure, as is also the rehabilitation of Fiumian and Dalmatian money. ' The right to reside in Fiume or ans part of Dalmatia without restriction or passport, authority to decide the time and manner of departure of his forces from Fiume and official recog nition of the medal he conferred on his legionaries are among the other demands made by the insurgent leader. Rome. Dec 27.?Gabriel D'Annun zio is understood to -have asked Pre mier Nitti to postpone his announced visit to London on the ground that his departure should be preceded by the reaching of a definite settlement of the Fiume situation between D'An nunzio and the Italian government. ? Lieutenant Commander Rizzo, Ma jor Giuriati, ;chief of D'Annunzio'a cabinet, and-other leaders -associated with D'Annunzio are said to have left the Fiume district. ? - -Premier Nitti will go to London from Rome and from- that city will return to: Paris to attend the meeting of the allied :premiers and -foreign1 ministers which; is expected to begin' next week, according 'to statement bearing-a semi official character prints ed in-the Corriere d'ltalit today.-Tt-4S% stated that the premier believes he will be able to come to an understand ing with-the Briish premier,oh prob lems closely affecting Italy. "Signor 'Nitti hopes to obtain from England financial treatment similar to that granted to France, especially relative to a loan which will have its influence upon the exchange situa tion," the newspaper says. "The pre mier will do his best to have supreme council agree that the allied and as sociated governments Will recognize Italy's sovereignty over Italian towns, first of all Fiume, and that they win accept the result of negotiations between Italy and Jugo-Slavia. "It is fated that the drama of Fiume will end as a grotesque operetta," the Corriere says. "The most authorita tive companions of Captain D'Annun zio in his adventure arc abandoning him in his dream of acting the little tyi*ant of the 14th century./ He does not realize the situation, however, but dresses himself ojt, a corporal of storm troops and plays the king among the soldiers indifferent to the opposition of all Fiume a-:J all Italy. Everybody agrees today in the depicting D'An nunzio as a naughty, dangerous boy lighting a fire next a power maga zine. Who has supplied him with na tionalist matches? Is there no one to lead that bad boy aw-.y by the ear?" PEACE OFFERED BY BOLSHEVIKS Wireless Message Sent to Gov ernment of Poland Copenhagen, Dec. 29.?The soviet government at Moscow has sent a formal peace offer to the Polish gov ernment by wireless message and de nies that the Bolsheviki arc prepar ing for a new offensive against Po land with the aid of Chinese forces. lard, president ^f the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company, said to night that he considered March 1 a very satisfactory date for the turning back of the roads. "I am very glad that the Presi dent has seen fit to turn the roads back and to defer the date from Jan uary 1, because at January 1 proper legislation will be lacking. Roanoke, Va., Deo. 24.?X. ID. Maher. president of the Norfolk and Western Railway, now serving' as di rector of the Pocahontas region of the railroad administration, compris ing the Norfolk and Western, the Chesapeake and Ohio and the Virgin ian Railways, declared tonight that he believes the turning back of the coun try's roads March 1 will be received with universal satisfaction by rail road men. "The president was wise in giving th?* companies what seems to be suf ficient time within which to make ar rangements for receiving their prop erties," he said. "I trust now what ever legislation is enacted by con gress will cover the various needs which will necessarily grow out of a return from federal to private op eration." mrt itbe tbj Country*, Thy (iod's ? )AY, DECEMBER 31, 11 PLAN TO SATISFY BOTH INTERESTS j - i '.Industrial Conference Working j J to Prevent Conflicts Be tween Labor and Capital i j - ! BOARD WILL HAVE ? ! ARBITRATION POWER j j _ I 1 No Decision Will Be Final Until It Has Been Fully Discussed By Both Parties Washington, Dec. 23.?Tentative recommendations for the cstablish ; i ; ment of machinery to prevent or re- \ tard labor conflicts in private industry j were announced today by the presi dent's industrial conference with a view to obtaining constructive criti cism before a. final plan is adopted, i The plan as outlined now contem plates the. creation of a national indus trial tribunal and regional boards of inquiry and adjustment, which would move to the settlement of disputes' before there was any stoppage of pro duction. Decisions would have the I full force and effect of a trade agree j ment between the parties to the dis pute. Remarking that some public utili ties, such as railroads, are essential to the very existence of the people,, the conference's tentative statement ex pressed the opinion that the "inter- J ruption in such essential public utili ties is intolerable," but the conference | states that further consideration is required of the problem whether some method can be arrived at that will avert all danger of interruption to ser vice. Government employes, the third class into which the wage earning public, are divided, should have the right to associate-for mutual protec tion, the statement declared, but "no interference -by -any group .with the .?ontinuous operation of government functions through .concerted cessation ctf work or threats thereof can be. per mitted." '? v'. When the conference reconvenes January 12, public hearings .will be ;-held _to-^obtain expert advice as to the drafting of the final recommendations in the light of such criticism of the tentative report as may be received. While stating that at th'"s time it was believed more essential to devise machinery for averting conflicts than to undertake a discussion; of the causes of unrest the conference indi cated clearly the general principles on which it has based its recommenda tions. "Our modern industrial organiza tion," the tentative, report said, "if it ?is not to become a failure, must yield to the individual a larger satisfaction with life. * *'* Not only must the theory that labor is a commodity be abandoned, but the concept of leader ship must be substituted for that of mastership. * * ? Human felowship in industry must either be an empty phrase or a living fact. "Pending the growth of better rela tionships employers and employees, the practical approach to the problem is to devise a method of preventing or retarding conflicts by providing ma chinery for the adjustment of differ ences. To be successful such tribunals must be so organized as to operate promptly as well as impartialy. * * * The plain fact is that the public has long been uneasy about the power of great employers, it is becoming un easy about the power of great labor organizations. The community must be assured against domination by eith er. VThe plan which follows does, not propose to do away with the ultimate right to strike, to discharge, or to maintain the closed or the open shop." The national industrial tribunal, suggested by the conference, would j consist of nine members appointed by the president, three each representing I the employers, employes and the pub lic. The tribunal would, in general, be a board of appeal, whose decisions must be unanimous, but provision was I made for public majority and minor ity reports in cases where no agree ment was possible. Industrial regions, probably 12 in number conforming to the federal re serve system, would be outlined and a ! regional chairman, appointed for each 5 by the president. Vice chairmen would j be named by the tribunal, if the work I in any region required it. Panels of employers and employees I for each region would be prepared by ' the secretary of commerce and the i secretary of labor, respectively, after ! conferences wtih the employers and I workers of that region. Each panel, ? approved by the president, would be i classified by industries among the em ployers and by industries, with sub : classification into crafts, among the ?employes. Lots would be cast to de tcrmire the order of names in each j panel. When a dispute arose in any region, the chairman would request each side 'to subimt it to a regional board of ad j justment. consisting of the chairman one representative chosen by each side, and two unchallenged members : of each panel. App. ntment of repre sentatives of both sides to any dispute , would constitute an agreement to con tinue the status that existed when the j trouble arose. Decisions of such re Jgional boards would hive to be unani mous or the question would be re iferred by unanimous vote to an urn Ml XTKfe'l." TSE TB L I >18. WORLD LEAGUE TO MEET SOON Notice of First Session of the League of Nations to Be Issued Promptly WHEN PEACE TREATY HAS BEEN RATIFIED It is Not Yet Decided Who Will Issue the Call For the First Meeting Paris, Dec. .29.?-Informal notice of the first meeting of the council of the league of nations will probably be giv en a day or two after the exchange of the ratifications of the treaty of Ver sailles. Ambassador Wallace cabled the State department in Washington to this effect after this morning's meeting of the supreme council, which discussed the question. It is still ail open question whether a formal call for the meeting will be issued by President Wilson, as originally pro vided for, or whether in view of the fact that the United States has not ratified the treaty the call will be is sued by Premier Clemenceau as pres ident of the peace conference. pire, whose decision would be final, or to the national tribunal. Refusal by any side to a controver sy to submit to adjustment would re sult in the constitution of a regional board, inquiry would become a board of adjustment by appointment of the remaining member. Otherwise, the board of inquiry would investigate the dispute and make public its findings for the benefit of the public. "In the presentation of evidence, the preliminary statement declared, "each side shall have the right to present its position through represen tatives of its own choosing." All the properly constituted boards would have the right to subpoena wit nesses, examine them under oath, and to require the production of papers pertinent to the case. Existing means of adjustment and conciliation, whether federal or state, or established under mutual agree ments of workers and employers in any industry, -would not be affected by the creation of the system suggested by the conference. With regard to public utilities, the conference made the following state ment: "The plan here proposed presents greater difficulties in application to certain public utilities than to compe titive industry. The continuous oper : ation of public utilities is vital to pub | lie welfare. As the capital invested as employed in public use, so is the I labor engaged in public service; and j the withdrawl of either with the re sult of suspending service makes the I people the real victim. ?'The conference believes that a plan [ of tribunals or boards of adjustment j and inquiry should be applied to pub lic utilities, but in the adaptation of j the plan two problems present them | selves. First, governmental regula I tion of public utilities is now usually j confined to rates and services. The j conference considers that there must be some merging of responsibility for regulation of rates and services and the settlement of wages and conditions' ' of labor. Such coordination would i give greater security to the public, to \ employee, and to employer. Second, j is the problem whether some method I can be arrived at that will avert all i danger of interruption to service. I These matters require further consid I eration before concrete proposals are j put forward." After declaring that the government I could not permit its functions, con | ducted in the interests of all the peo I pie. to be interrupted by concerted ces i sat ion of work, the conference further ! affirmed that government employees ! concerned with the administration of : justice or the maintenance of public j safety or public order should not be I permitted to affiliate with any organi | zation which authorized the use of the ! strike. An essential part of the ap ! plication of these principles, Jt was added, was the establishment of tribu nals to remedy promptly any grlcv j ances submitted by government workers. i "Legislation of the nation, the states and the municipalities," the confer ence said, 'should be improved to prevent delay in hearings and to en able speedy action when there are grievances." When President Wilson summoned the conference, of which Secretary Wilson is chairman and Herbert Hoover, vice chairman, it was ex pressly denied the right to consider any existing industrial disputes, which was the question which wrecked the first industrial conference. While no specific references to recent industrial troubles were made, several recom mendations and statements of the conference reflected the experience of the steel strike and the Boston police strike. Other members of the conference are: Martin H. Glynn. Thomas W. Gregory; Richard Hooker, Stanley King, Samuel W. McCalU Henry M. Rohinsch. Julius Rosenwald', Oscar S. Straus. Henry C. Stuat, F. W. Taus sing. William O. Thompson, Henry J. Waters. George W. Wikersham, and Owen D. Young, with Dr. Henry R. Seagcr as executive secretary. ?:.''' . ' 3 SOUTRBOS, Ertab?s&od 4a?* &MK V?l.XLIX. No. 40, RAILWAY WORK ERS SEE RROBLEM Afiiliated Broherhoods Prepare to State Position Regard ing Their Views LINE UP WITH THE LABOR FEDERATION Conference to Be Held in Wash ington With Samuel Gom pers Washington, Dec. 27.-?The attitude of organized railway employees to ward the anti-strike provision of. the Cummins railroad bill will be formally stated in a declaration of principles to be drafted by the heads of all the brotherhoods at a conference, here Monday with President Gompers of the American Federation of Labor. La bor leaders declared today "that"noth ing was to be expected," but the gen eral view among organized workers was that the affiliated trades would stand by the railway machinists' un ion which voted to quit work'if con gress enacted the anti-strike provis ion. Senators and representatives now in Washington expressed the opintoff, however, that the hojise never would accept the bill as it came from;.-/thT? senate and that even if it should' pass, President Wilson would veto itr'.v:v!' The possibility of a presidential veto has been given serious consider ation by members of congress who realize the necessity of enacting proper legislation before the roads are handed back to their owners on March r. Labor leaders in discussing thfa eventuality, also called attention'to day to this statement by the president in his message to congress four weeks ago. * "The right of individuals to strike is inviolate and ought not to be:inter fered with by any process of govern ment but there is a predominant right of the government to protect all of its people and . to assert i^-p^wer and majesty against the clva.}fei?&'ot any class." . , v \ This one sentence was variously in terpreted?by brotherhood' officers;as a virtual announcement 'by ^Q&P', dent that he would not sign a^bil nying the right to strik< Senator Cummins and others ?s' by the president that even .If the right :o strike was inviolate, the4 rights 6t :he public stood over and above it, Regardless of what action might be taken by the brotherhoods the; belief prevailed in congressional circles that when senate and house conferees ga through with the Cummins and Esch hills no vestige of the anti-strike sec tion will remain. The conference will begin work next week after Sen ator Cummins and Senator Kellogg, Republican, Minnesota, return bera from North Carolina. % All of the senate conferees voted for the labor clause and are expected''0 make a hard fight in conference for its retention. On the straight sen ate test an amendment to eliminate the section was defeated, 39 to 34. Some idea of the attitude of the house, however, was given today by mem bers who said that the .anti-strike clause coiild not command 50 votesih that body. The heads of the four big brother hoods and ten affiliated trades will be I here Monday for the conference with President Gompers, which was called for the specific purpose of consider ing pending railroad legislation. Committees representing the six shop labor union had an appointment with Director General Hines for considera tion of wage scales. But It was said that this might be postponed uatU Tuesday. It was said that the conference had nothing in common, although it was admitted that the situation respecting wage demand was somewhat changed in view of President Wilson's decision to turn back the roads in two months. In view of the short period of government control there waS feeling in some quarters that the jai rector general might refuse to saddle a wage increase on the roads on the eve of their return to private opra* ti?n. Most of the leaders insisted that the demands would not be rejected since President Wilson had prpm'?ed to get more wages for. the railroad , men. , .'? Although every effort will be mad* jto expedite railroad legislation ? softie I doubt was expressed today whether the Esch and Cummins bill could.be j cut to pieces and put together" again j by the time set for the end of federal j control of the roads, j Meanwhile great pressure is being i brought to bear on members of the ! senate and house to speed up work, j but there is little hope of getting the bill out of conference before the "ejhd of January. MURDER TRIAL IN VIRGINIA i Jury Selected For Trial of Wil liam Hall j Manassas, Va., Dec. 29.?The |Ufy for the second trial of William HalU the prohibition inspector charged with ! killing Lawrence Hudson, an alleged ibootlegger, near Winchester, -last March, was selected within an hour after the court opened today. The jurymen are mostly farmers.