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CSE SUMTES WATCHMAN, EbtetfJ . Consolidated Aug. 2, Ii ATTEMPT TO REWRITE TREATY Republican Senators Draft Res-; ervation Resolution Materially j Altering Peace Treaty END OF FIGHT IS ' ? ? ?' i YET FAR OFFi Discussion of Treaty and League j Covenant Drifting Along Without Definite Plan ? 7' ? ' ? J ' S i '- I "Washington, Aug. 1.?The reserva- J : tion proposal agreed to by seven Re-j publican senators as -the basis of rati-! ?cation of the league of nations cove- j . nant is so worded, it became known j tonight, that the '^reservations ' and understandings" enumerated shall ber come "a part of the ; treaty" and ?hall 4*ot stand simply as a detached mterpretation by the senate. While some of the sponsors of the program-regard-it as merely inter pretative in effect, clarifying the: lan guage of the covenant wfthout change ing'the meaning of any provision/ others of them seem to believe it /goes further and 'greatly softens certain features which they say violate na tional rights. * The reservations as agreed to in definite terms are embodied in a -pro posed ratification resolution reading as follows: "That the senate of the United States advise and consent to the/rati fication-of said treaty with the follow ing reservations and understandings j to be made a part of the treaty by the [ instrument of ratification. . "I. That whenever the two years' notice of withdrawal from the league of"nations shaH have been given by the "United States as provided in. Af v?6Ie 1, the United States shall be the*- sct$ judge whether ail its' -hitef n^tipnal .obligations and all its. ob-li- ' gations .under this covenant shall have ; 'jSec?i '?u2nlle4/at the time of' with- ' o^awai. IV*^.--T^taX the suggestion of ; the , /<^tt&e$r?? the league of nation <as to j tt- means of carrying therobligations j . ^Cl^ArficTe -10. hito''effect -are 0h1y-vad v?t?^?hd that any undertaking - un- ; de): -the ^provisions Of Article LQ. th"e ? . exception of .which may. require the : ;use of the American "military" or hi'-'. *yal forces or economic measures cahf nijder the jconstit?tion be-carried out ! only by the action of the congress arid j, that the failure of the congress to ! adopt th? suggestions of the council or j ?f vthe league, or to provide such mili- J tary or naval forces or economic j . measures shall not constitute a vip- \ ? iation of the treaty. ' , j "3. United States reserves- to itself; the right to decide what questions are: Within its domestic jurisdiction and1 declares, that all domestic and politi- j :.cal questions relating to- its internal j -affairs, including immigration, coast- j wise traffic, the tariff, commerce and all other purely domestic questions are solely within the jurisdiction of; the United States and are not by this covenant submitted in any way eith "er to arbitration or to the considera-; tioh of the council of the assem-i bly of the league of nations or to the decision or recommendation of other power. "4. The United States does not bindf itself to submit for arbitration or in-j quiry by the assembly or council any: - Question which in the judgment of: the United States depends upon or I involves its long established policy -commonly known as the Monroe doc-, trine and it is preserved unaffected by j any provision in the said treaty con- 1 tained." ; *^W&W& The seven Republicans who agreed to this proposal as a basis for the ef fort to bring oh a 'middle ground, j senators of both parties, who favor j the league plan in general outlines,! were Senators McNary, Oregon; Mc-j Cumber, North Dakota; Colt, Rhode! Island; Spencer. Missouri; Cummins,, 'Iowa; Kellogg Minnesota, and Len- i root, Wisconsin. . It became known that the pro- . posed -resolution had not been pre- i sented either to Republican Leader Lodge or to Senator Hitchcock admin- ? Istration leader, in the treaty' fight, and that the efforts of the group ?pcusoring the plan probably would ; be directed for the present toward en larging their number in order to hold ?indisputably the balance of power. Negotiations with administration . leaders along the general line laid -down in the resolution have been in : '. progress however, for several days. . League opponents declared today that all possibility of unreserved rati fication of the league had been re \ moved by the willingness of Senatoys McCumber and McXary. regarded as the warmest friends of the league, among the Republican majority, to ac cept reservations. To this adminis tration senators replied that a vote on i^atiScation still was a long way off. adding that with seven Republicans lined up for reservations of the char acter proposed, there was no longer J a^possibility that more radical quali-1 fications could be included in the I ratification. . Although the McCumber-McNary' reservation program held the center of interest in discussions among sena tors during the day several other angles of the treaty controversy came to the surface in the senate and at a ?public hearing of the foreign rela tions committee. President Wilson submitted a short (feed April, 18*0. 88L "Bo Jot a S TAKES ISSUE WITH ROOT Counsel of Anti-Saloon League Says Opinion of Elihue Root Is Not Good PROHIBITION LAW IS CONSTITUTIONAL He Also Denies That An Anti Tobacco Campaign Is to Be Started Washington, Aug. 4.?Mayne B. Wheeler, counsel of the Anti-Saloon League of America, took issue today with the opinion rendered by Elihu Root, William D. Guthrie and Wil liam L.. Marbury, counsel of the Unit ed. States Brewers' Association that the proposed prohibition enforce ment act is unconstitutional. He de nied that the league forces intended to statt kn anti-tobacco campaign.. FfllE IN CHICAGO - Race Riot Dwindles to Several Minor Disturbances i Chicago, Aug. 2.?An incendiary fire, ) which the police declare was started by negroes, early today swept through the district bounded by West F?rty.-third, West Forty-fif i, South Lincoln street and South Hermitage avenue, destroying 100 homes of Pol ish, and Lithuanian employes of the stock yards and causing a property loss of more than ?200,000. Three persons are missing and a score was injured .in the conflagration. The homes burned .were chiefly those .of .Lithuanians and Polish fam ilies :alid the. governor thought re-' ports indicated" radical' labor men had started the blaze because the foreign ers had not supported their plans. ; Troops were .on duty'tonight at the fire .r?iris and in the negro residence'j ?istriets.. Schools and rest -stations i i^^.beetf.otfeii^ . . I Coroner Hoffman stated today that! rid marks of violence, had been, found I on' the/ body of Eugene Williams,, a' negro youth, who was reported stoned ! ind knocked from a raft into Lai:e! Michigan last Sunday, at a bathing; beach, the act precipitating the riots* Tne coroner stated that.the negro had( net been struck by stones, but had been drowned. George Stauber, wuite, is/held by the police on a charge oi murder in connection with Williams' death. Only a few minor disturbances oc curred tpday. The federal, State and city investigation of the riots and fire continued and at least 250 negro sus pects and several score of whites were taken to jail. ? ZjTe^ro attorneys are preparing dam age suits against the city. Inder the State law persons who do not partic ipate in riots can recover from the municipality for damage stained. protocol to the Versailles treaty con taining a number of supplementary provisions and Chairman I^odge put into the record :u :?"jp*e?:?ert* hither to unpublished in >hls ?'eo'-imtry in Which Mr. Wilson, M. Clemenceau and Preniier Lloyd George had embodied certain regulations for the government of the Rhine provinces. Mr. Lodgt also presented a copy of the treaty be tween the big five powers and Po land, not yet submitted to the senate for ratification. The only address in the senate regarding the Versailles treaty was by Senator Fall, Republi can, New Mexico, " who opposed the league and criticised President Wil son for his course in the Versailles negotiations. Before the foreign relations com mittee Bernard M. Earuch economic adviser to the American peace dele gation, replied to a number of ques tions regarding reparation sections of the treaty. President Wilson's message trans mitting the protocol follows: "To the Senate: I have the honor to transmit to the senate herewith accompanied by a letter from the secretary of state, a brief protocol to the treaty of peace with Germany. The certified copy which I transmit has just been received by the de partment of State and I am transmit ting it without deia\. The protocol originated in a writ ten interchange of views between the representatives of the allied and as soei?ted powers and the representa tives of Germany as a result of which the representatives of Germany re quested that certain explanation:? oi methods and facilities which it was proposed should be accorded the Oer man government in the execution of the .treaty, should be reduced to writ ing and signed by the powers signa tory to the treaty so as to form a de finite and binding memorandum. (Signed) "Woodrow Wilson." He said he doubted whether Ger many ever could pay the amount oi indemnity that would be assessed against her. and maintained that even, if the United States were to receive no part of the indemnity it wo? "important in dollars and cents" tha: there be an American .representtaiv<? on the reparations commission which is to supervise collection of the bill from Germany. Mr. Baruch will con tinue his testimony tomorrow. ad Fear not?Bet an the ends Tho? Ali UMTER, S. C, WEDNB RAILROAD STRIKE STILL SPREADING i ;i . A Quarter of a Million Men Have Already Quit Work ! EXTENDING TO ALL SEC I' ?? ? ? - a TIONS OF THE COUNTRY j . j j Railroad Administration is Be I ing Held ?p By the Urgent Demands of Workmen Chicago, Aug. 4.?The strike of the Federated Railway Shopmen has en tered the fourth day and has already involved approximately two hundred and fifty thousand men. It will soon spread to every section of the coun try local officials of the union declar ed today, unless the union demands are speedily met. i ? ,; Washington, Aug. 2.?Dissatisfied with President Wilson's proposal to have congress create a special body to pass on their demands, or consider them in connection with the high cost! of living problem, the railway shop men began today to take an official strike vote. B. M. Jewell, acting president of che Railway Employes' Department of j the American Federation of Labor,, said tonight , that Director General j Hines had been informed by the ?com mittee representing the shopmen of their dissatisfaction with the sugges tion that congress intervene. "Acting in. behalf of six allied crafts, a committee was appointed tc report to Director General Hines ask ing for an adjustment of wage sched ules." Mr. Jewell said. "On February S the question was referred to the board of adjustment of wages and working conditions. During March and April the whole question was thrashed out at hearings of the board and on July 16 the board made'.,its recom mendation, to the director, general. /Following ;a'conference, with Mr. Hines on July 28 we believed that the question had finally coine to a head and expected a decision. The- letter from Mr. Hines to President Wilson followed and that solution we have" positively rejected. "We have now decided to send out the call for a strike vote, returnable August 24 at midnight, to 500,000 em ployes of American railroads, and the 110,000 employes of Canadian railroads affected. The, shops craft ask for a minimum of . 85 cents an hour for mechanics, an increase of .17 cents, a minimum of 60 cents for helpers, an increase.of 15 cents, and 50 cents an hour for apprentices. "The Canadian employes are in volved by reason of the fact that rhoir'wage and working conditions, iijypi i an agreement reached with the railroad beard, are based on standards as they are adopted here. 'We shall continue to settle, the de mands by arbitration with the rail road administration pending receipt of the strike vote, that when taken will put the power of calling a strike :n the hands of the committee. "The call for a strike vote will probably end the present strike which has taken out a considerable number of our -members in different parts of the country who have been impatient over The long delay. We expect that they will return to work when they see that the organization is at work in a united fashion." All blacksmiths, machinists ana helpers, boilermakers and helpers, sheet metal workers, electrical work ers, and railway carmen of America are involved in the controversy. Washington. Aug. 4.?Four hun dred and fifty thousand members of the Brotherhood of Railway and Steamship clerks, freight handlers, express and station employes joined the other railway workers in "de manding that something be done to materially reduce the cost of living and that wagos must be raised to give immediate relief, The de mands were transmitted by President Forrester of the Brotherhood. I FOOD PRICES j ON DECLINE j?ig Break in Provision Market j Today ] Chicago, Aug. 4.?Grain and pro visions had a severe decline today. I Corn prices dropping 5 1-2 to S j cents a bushei and pork a dollar and la-quarter a barrell. The break is at j tributed to the widespread agitation against the high cost of living. \ ? ? ... . RIOTS IN LIVERPOOL; i _ | Troops Charged Mob With Fixed j Bayonets j j Liverpool, A ug. 4.?The riotous j crowds were driven from the streets! I of this city this morning by troons I J charging with fixed boyonets. The j I rioter.': filled 'he streets during the night and not antil daybreak were] the soldiers ordered to charge. The I ovu'ser Valiant and two destroyers} were moved into the Mersey river toi protect the docks. ' mit st be thy Country'*, Thy God's I SPAT, AUGUST 6, 191 bomb outrage in california Los Angeles Home Destroyed by Infernal Machine Placed by Anarchists * ______ "owner of property WAS FATALLY INJURED - Former Assistant Attorney Gen eral Victim of Outrage Perpe trated in California' i ._ ?? Los Angeles, Aug. 3.?Oscar Lawler, I former assistant United States attor ! ney general for the interior depart ment, was piobably fatally burned and Mrs. Lawler was badly burned when ! their home was destroyed early today iby what the police believe to have j been a gasoline bomb. Shortly before 3 o'clock this morn ! ing,. according to information gathered I by the police, a man driving an auco I mobile stopped in front of the Lawler [?residence at New Hampshire Street ] and Wilshire Boulevard, in an exclu sive residential district. He dropped something, leaped into the car and rapidiy drove away. An explosion followed almost imme diately. The house burst into flames. Mr. Lawler, his wife and one child were trapped within. Two men, who were driving past the house, seized a ladder and rescued Oscar Lawler, Jr., five years old. Mr. Lawler dragged his wife to a window and in the midst of flames lowered her from an upper story until .her feet touched an awning over a window on the ground floor. Then he leaped to the ground. They were re moved to a hospital. Two other Lawler children, Charles .and Jane, were visiting at Pebbly Beach. Revenge for the pa^ he' played in the prosecution of a group of dyna miters in the , Middle , Yv est several {years ago was assigned .by.the police jhere as the probable motive for the j attempt on the life of Mrs Lawler. A thorough investigation by city, ,*&unty, State and federal authorities .led to the belief that the bomb was placed between two five gallon .cans filled with gasoline or seme oth-.r highly, inflammable liquid: Kxperts (working on the case found fragments J of the bombs sufficient to reconstruct lit. They said it had been made of a j piece of iron pipe about ten inches j high and ?tx inches in diameter. Two j. discs of metal had been placed as ends, j apparently held in place by two bolts i passing through both ends and the j pipe itself. They al30 found the two five gallon cans that had; contained I the liquid. . I Physicians attending Mr. Lawler land his wife announced tonight that ; his chances for recovery were about i even. Mrs. Lawler, they said, would ! recover. } Mr. Lawler served as assistant Unft I ed States attorney general for the in j terior department for two years be ginning May 1, 1909. He resigned and j returned here to practice law. He was ia special prosecutor of the alleged i dynamiters whose trial at Indianapolis la few years ago attracted internat } ional interest. He also served local j ly as an investigator and prosecutor j of men accused, of similar crimes, j Mr. Lawler who was born in Iowa I in 1875 is a director of one of the j leading banks here. It was found ! that the force of the explosion was j so great that shreds of metal which I fitted into the larger pieaes of 'the ! bomb were scattered at a thousand j feet away. j Los Angeles. Aug. 4.?Oscar Lawler, ; former assistant .United States at ! torney genera!, who was seriously I burned yesterday in the fire f oilowng ! the bomb explosion which wrecked ! his.home has "a chance of recover;/," j according to his physicians this mo; n ; ing. Mrs. Lawler who was also ? burned, seemed certain of recovery. hold" conference with hines j - Railroad Union Officials Meet Director General j .Washington, Aug. 4:?All railroad union offiicals now in Washington met j today with Director General Hines for ; a conference on the high cost of liv i rng. to have alumni association Fcr several years it has been felt thai there should be an organization of the alumni of the Sumter High School. The time seems to be pro pitious .lust now. The young men will be organized at onc^; the young ladies, after the opening of the .ichoois in tho fall. There are about three hundred young men who have been graduat ed from the High School and this or ganization should be a power of great good in the community, standing as it will do for everything that is high est and best. Every young man who is a Sumter High School graduate is hereby in vited to attend a meeting for organ isation at the Girls' High School build ing on Thursday evening of this week at 9 o'clock. wA TnA'tS* THE TRUE 9. HEADQUARTERS NOW AT COBLENZ American Army in Europe Will; ( Be Directed From Ger man City I ANTWERP TO BE ! I j . A BASE PORT; I Grand Headquarters at Paris I j Will Be Closed About August j Twentieth Coblenz, Saturday, Aug. 2.?That Coblenz will become the headquarters j of the Ar-' rican forces in Europe) when American grand headquarters at Paris are closed about August 20th, became known today when Gen. Per shing arrived on a final tour of the battlefield. Antwerp will be the base for the ammunition contingent that is! to remain on the Rhine indefinitely. J Gen. Pershing intends to sail from i Brest about September 1st. v ! permanent army plans Regular Force of Half Million Men and Universal Mili tary Training Washington, Aug. 4.?Plans for the permanent peace time army of five hundred and ten thousand officers and men and a system of universal mili tary training was transmitted to con gress today by Secretary Baker. Pro motion by seniority would be abolish ed, the war having shown the system to be defective. Also provides for compulsory three j months training for all nineteen-year I old youths. potash supply FOUND IN NORTH State Geologist of Pennsylvania Wires Location of Billions of Tons Washington. Aug. 2.?There was a rumor currenr this morning to the ef fect that a pctash/ deposit of unlimit ed quantity and cheap production had been discovered in Pennsylvania and that the State geologist had testi fied to the truthfulness of the state ! rnent. Senator Smith of South Caro i lina wired the State geologist imme j diately the following: "Col. Henry C. Demmings, State Geo logist, Harrisburg, Pa. "Will you wire me the facts as to the reported discovery of potash your State and the probable cost of pro duction and the amount available?" Promptly he received the following reply: "Harrisburg, Pa., Aug. 2, 1919, j U. S. Senator E. D. Smith, Washing- j ton, D. C. Potash deposits probab ly cover fifty square miles in Potter and Tioga counties, Pennsylvania, j Cost of production less than ?10 per ton. Millions of tons .available, pos- ? sibly billions of tons. (Signed) Hen-: J ry C. Demmings, Consulting Geolo-; ist of Pennsylvania." j j If the facts as alleged by the State! j geologist of Pennsylvania be true then I America and the farmers of America | I are forever free from the manipula- | j ticn of foreign and domestic produc- I ! ers and the uncertainty of supply. It j ! is to be hoped that if these, startling i I facts are true that steps will be taken | ; to prevent any combination frcun j manipulating output to such an ex i tent as to deny to the farmers of this; j country an abundant and cheap sup- ! ply of potash. i vessels shaken by earthquake; j On Board U. S. S. New Mexico, Sat- i urday, Aug. 2 (Wireless to the Asso ? ciated Press).?Six dreadnoughts ofi j the Pacific licet were shaken severely j {by a double earthquake shock at 4.18 j o'clock this afternoon 20 miles off the ? \ coast of the State of Colima. Mexico. ! i None of the warships reported any : ! damage. The New Mexico trembled ] from bow to stern, as if she had! j struck an uncharted reef and the navi- : j gating officer sounded "Collision j quarters" on the flagship's siren. Sail-j ; ors in the foretop said the basket masts of the warships swayed like J - i ? pcplar trees in a gale. i Officers on the quarter deck hur-: ried to their posts and the crew and ' lnurines took their places. Meanwhile [all water tight compartments on the j j New Mexico weije closed and ir.spec-; I tion parties were sent into the holds .' to .see if there had been any damag? \ to the hull. Admiral Hugh Rodman, command | mg the fleet, quickly recognized the. i cause of the disturbance. I When the first tremor of the ship was felt those below hurried on deck. ; The faces of some of the recruits i showed alarm as the men stood at: quarters awaiting orders, while the flagship rolled and pitched in the: heavy swells that followed the shocks. Admiral Rodman kept the crew at I Quarters for 15 minutes and then or ; dered the "secure signal'' to be i sounded. i SOC^rHROy, E?tabU?h?< inns, MM VoLXLVIII. No. 60. ARMY FOOD TO BE SOLD Government Will Dispose of All Surplus Stock in Warehouses to People at Cost . ; SALES TO BE MADE THROUGH PARCEL POST Great Variety of Provisions W*H Be Sold in That Manner at Reasonable Prices Washington, Aug. 2.?In the face of growing unrest over the high cost of living, as indicated by the spread ing strike of railroad workers, % many government agencies moved today in efforts to effect a return to, normal \ price levels. Immediate sale of all surplus food stuffs purchased for the army, instead of only canned goods, was ordered by. the war department. Millions otV pounds of meat, "beans, . -pumpkin,, squash, and other commodities will be offered to the public" Monday, August 18, through the parcel post system at prices materially lower than those now prevailing in the market. Pur chasers will have to pay postage ? charges from the place of storage.. ; Director General Hines, Commis-/ sicner Colver and Assistant Secretary Leffingweil, appointed by the. confer-. ence assembled by Attorney Genera^" Palmer to recommend steps to reduce /* living costs, were engaged today in-, . an exchange of memorandums bearing/ on the problem. The report went out-' that the committee had agreed thK steps should be taken by congress/ which would alleviate the situation at once, but it was said at Mr. Hines'; office that nothing final had .been de cided upon. The committee was inr] I structed particularly- to deal with I profiteering and -. to-suggest- how- Ia% i enforcement agencies should ? proceed I'to bring to justice -i^en :guilty ;of ess-, ! toxtion through unr?a5oriabte/-pi4ces; , I . The sale, the> war department said, 1 "will be-the largest direct sal? to tiie^ American people eyer at^mpt?d^' The hprices-^were*' stated! 'Xtfifk?'''^tiMS^' j lower" than .' those' prevailing; ixrjJt?ft commercial market and. the. food ^ Was described as being in excellent cpn | diticn. The department said .surplus ! property offices at-.Boston* New York; I Baltimore, Newport News, AtHnt?, i Chicago, St. Louis, New Orleans, Fort Sam Houston, El Paso, Omaha and San Francisco had been directed to ; make the sales. Presumably the reg-" ular zone rates for parcel post will l apply froni these cities in determin ing the cost to purchasers by the parcel pest system.. If any recommendation is made to congress, it is' belieyed most likely that it will deal with sale of the: wheat crop at market prices and the' absorption by the government of the loss between that price and the $2.2$'_ guaranteed the farmer. Many offl-" cials have indicated that this , is the" most practicable step which would be taken and the one most likely to have an immediate effect. ' Congress continued to discuss the living question and at the White House President Wilson , was said; t? be receiving full reports on all phases of it. The senate adopted a resolu tion asking the banking committee, whether reduction of the current in flation would help the situation. . Ih\ the house an attempt to recess for two weeks was blocked by Represen tative Igoe. Democrat, of Missouri, because his resolution to have the Federal Trade Commission investi gate the price of shoes was not act ed upon. The new demands of rail road employees for more wages to meet the high cost of living drew fire from Representative Blanton, Demof erat, of Texas, who said the railroad men were acting like "highwaymen" in attempting to obtain "another un fair billion dollar" raise. Introduction in the house of a gov ernment railroad bill, with the em ployees participating in the control and profits of the roads, was made the occasion of a statement by leaders of the four brotherhoods that the high cost of living demanded the opera tion of the country's most important industry "for service rather than for profit." / The statement declared that the wage earners hoped to gain a perma- ? nent victory in the economic strife un der present conditions because of the/ constantly growing cycle of prices based on wages and declared it was not money, but value which really counted. Any basic change, it was argued, must commence with the rail- -m roads, the fundamental industry on which all others are dependent. NEW TARIFF MEASURE PASSED Washington. Aug. 2.?The ncuse to day passed the first protective tariff ? measure to be acted upon since the Republicans regained control of con gress. The measure levies high du ties on chemical glassware and appa ratus. It now goes to the senate. ROUMANIANS AT BUDAPEST Paris. Aug. 4'.?Rumanian troops entered the suburbs of -Budapest yes terday, according to a dispatch re ceived here from Vienna