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Pab&bed Wednesday and Saturday "J_- ?BY? OSTEEL PUBLISHING COMPANY SUMTER, S. C. Terms: $1.50 per annum?in advance. Advertisements. One Square first insertion .. ..$1.00 Every subsequent insertion.50 Contracts for three months, or longer will be made at reduced rates. All communications which sub serve private interests will be charged for as advertisements. Obituaries and tributes of respect Will be charged for. The S?unter Watchman was found ed In 1S50 and the True Southron m If 66. The Watchman and Southron now has the combined circulation and Influence of both of the old papers, and is manifestly the best advertising medium in Somter. _ ??????^???????????wwwa MAKIN G WH<LS. A New York woman, about to die, called in a neighbor woman to help . her make a will. She only had $600 worth of property to leave, but she wanted to be sure that it went to the person she wanted to have it?her lit tle son. Neither of the women knew how to draw up a will. And what did they do? They simply looked.in an alma nac, found a standard form for a last will and testament, drew up the doc ument on a* piece of brown wrapping paper and signed it, and then the wo man died. A court has decided that the will is valid. This only^goes to show how easy it is to make a will. Almost anybody can do it, With a little intelligent or common sense. And yet the majority of people pass away without ever hav ing taken any such precaution, leaving - their financial affairs in. a tangle and making it necessary to distribute their property among various people whom they never intended it to go to, and who may have no moral right to it The only sensible thing for every body to do who is not a pauper Is to make a will, and renew it every few years?not with a long face and a mournful foretaste of death, but cheerfully, while in full possession of health and mental faculties, as a mat ter-of-fact business measure. "BED" TERRORISM. American Bolshevists, or American Anarchists, or both together?in fact, it is hard to distinguish between them in pracdee, despite the difference of their political philosophy?seem to be resorting to terrorism to attain their purpose. The bombs sent through t^e mails; the May Day riots, the re cent attempts to blow up the homes of many public men throughout the ^country whom they regard as standing in'their way, all this is clear indica tion of a deliberate resort to criminal violence. It is a confesion that the propa ganda by which/the "Reds" original ly counted to win converts has failed. Even Bolshevists or Anarchists do not go to the trouble of using bombs when they can make converts by the spoken or written word. It is prophetic, too, of the certain failure awaiting this whole radical movement. These "Reds" have still to learn what the German nation has learned through bitter experience?that civil ized, strong-hearted people will not be persuaded by violence, and that every attempt to coerce or terrify them only moves them to more relentless oppo sition. Every bomb drives more thou sands of open-minded folk into the ranks of the conservatives and helps to discredit and destroy the forces of destruction. BIG NAVY PLANS. When Secretary r>anjeis first rec ommended, last winter, a new naval bu?ding plan calling for the expendi ture of $600,000,000 of additional money in three years, he himself did not clearly explain the purpose of the proposal, but there were two explana tions suggested. One was that the United States would have to possess a navy as strong as any other in the world if the plan for a peace league and general disarmament came to nothing. The other was that it was desired to bring the American navy to equality with Great Britain's in order that, when a peace league was form ed, the two Anglo-Saxon powers, being also the two foremost naval powers, might enter on equal terms upon the task of policing the seas. It appears now that the former' supposition was the correct one. The big navy plan was meant to make the United States perfectly capable of taking care of herself if the old in .? ternational method were continued, making it necessary for every nation to take care of its individual self-de fense. There was probably something of the "show-down" spirit in it, too. It served notice on other powers that the United tSates could, and if neces sary would, outbuild any of them or all of them together. This explanation, at any rate, seems deducible from Secretary Daniels' re cent action in withdrawing his recom mendation and returning to the com paratively modest building plan laid down before the war, His action suggests that the administration, at least, is satisfied that the League of Nations will go through, and that it will be an adequate substitute for big naval armament in our future system of defense. Whatever anyone may think of that, there is no question as to the force of the appeal made just now by the prospect of saving $?00,000,000 at one stroke. The nation is getting- rath er weary of war bills, and the pros pect of diminished armament by sea and land is one of the moet telling arguments in behalf of the League-of Nations. COVENANT AND TREATY Anyone who undertakes to sepa rate the League of Nations covenant from the body of the peace treaty, according to Senator Knox's plan, will certainly have a big, complex dis-; secting job on his hands. It is reported that the League is specifically referred to in the treaty in 72 places outside of the formal covenant itself, and that nearly all of these references have to do with the assignment to the League, for future settlement or administration, of mat ters not otherwise disposed of in the treaty Only a few of these need be men tioned to show the big place given the League in the general scheme of world-settlement worked out by the Peace Conference. All the colonies taken from the Cen tral Powers are to be administered, by mandatories acting under the author ity of the League of Nations and re sponsible to it. The "League, through commissions appointed by it, is to govern the Saar valley for 15 years and control Dan zig indefinitely as a free city, thus solving two peculiarly difficult prob lems. The League is to supervise the pre sentation ^of neutrality in the zone es tablished east of the Rhine. It is required to act as a tribunal in establishing the Belgian-German fron tier. It is to maintain the rights of al lied shipping in German ports. It is to establish a court of last appeal to determine rip? ian rights on the Danube andj other international waterways. It is to arrange and conduct an in ternational labor conference next tall, and to create and supervise a perma nent world-labor organization. So it goes. There is an immense amount of work, constructive and ad ministrative, assigned to the League by a Peace Conference which realized its inability to settle everything it self, and realized just as clearly the need of some continuing body that could act hereafter with the same au thority temporarily possessed by the Conference. It looks as if cutting out that Cove nant would so mangle the treaty as to kill the patient. Most of the experts seem agreed that the treaty will have to be accepted or rejected as a whole, the League of Nations cove nant standing or falling with the treaty. DRUG PROHIBITION. A nation that prohibits the drinking of alcohol is surely inconsistent if it does not also prohibit the non-medi cinal use of habit-forming drugs. For most of the deadly drugs be longing in this class there are recog nized and legitimate medical uses. Morphine, most common of the nar cotics, is properly used, by a physi cian, in multitudes of cases to dead en intolerable pain. Cocaine, whose consumption in the United States comes second in the list, also has its proper uses, particularly in medical and dental surgery. Third in volume of sales is heroin, a derivative of opium, closely related to morphine, which is said by experts to be the most dangerous drug in the whole list. It is the most common "dope" used by victims who' do nn use cocaine or morphine. It seems to be especially attractive and especial ly devastating to boys and girls. A committee of experts, after a thorough investigation of the drug sit uation throughout the United States made at the instance of the United States Treasury Department, reports that in its opinion the medical need of heroin is negligible compared with the evil effects of its non-medical use. The committee therefore suggests "ab solutely prohibiting the manufacture, sale, distribution or administration of this most dangerous drug." This recommendation surely de serves serious consideration by the present congress. The drug evil has been diminishing of late, according to the committee's findings; increase of! drug addiction was reported in only J 14 cities and counties, with a decrease | in 627. The Harrison anti-drug act, as amended, is expected to have a wholesome effect in restricting the traffic to legitimate needs. There is general belief, however, that alcoholic prohibition will result in a greater demand than ever for narcotic drugs, and a corresponding stimulation of the underground traffic. If heroin can be dispensed with in legitimate medical practice, as the committee says, it would undoubtedly be a blessing to prohibit it a":'ogether. These 5 substitute drinks haven't any "kick" in them. The patron is expected to furnish the kick. EATING LOCUSTS. Dr. Ethan Allen Andrews, who is professor of zoology in Johns Hopkins University ate a handful of locusts the other day. And he liked them. He says the flavor is pleasant, and they taste like shrimp. He and some other experts have -been studying the insects with re gard to their habits?which are ad mittedly bad?and their possible utilization as food. All of them seem to be enthusiastic about the food pos sibilities. "If there were a scarcity of other foods," says Professor Andrews, "per sons who had tasted them would prob ably think nothing of eating them in darge quantities. Those of us who have eaten them find them agreeable and nourishing. It is important, of course, to pick them just after' they have come out of their shell, while they are still white and tender. Af ter a few days they become hard, and would be unsatisfactory as food." The professor is not the first man to eat locusts, of course. There is the familiar example of John the Baptist, who lived on locusts and wild honey. But it has never occurred to most peo ple that John might have adopted that diet from choice. Unfortunately Professor Andrews does not tell exactly how he went about his gustatory experiment Did he "eat 'em alive," or fry the locusts in butter, or dip them in honey, after the biblical example, or bake them, or make salad of them or what? In the absence of dependable de tails, any man is free to experiment fo rhimself. It may take courage; but did it' not take courage to eat the first shrimp? STARLIGHT BY THE POUND. Astronomers do queer /things?es pecially at eclipses. They travel the earth over to observe the sky wher^ ever a solar eclipse is due, and at Singapore or the north of Japan, or out in a desert somewhere, or on top of a mountain, they set up their in struments and work and work and calculate, and look just as hard as they can, and take photographs as fast and keenly as they can, for the space of seven minutes or so while the conditions are favorable. Then they go off and study these results and compare them with those obtain ed by other astronomers, and after a few years produce quite amazing theories to account for the foundations of the universe. Lately they have been coming to the conclusion that light has weight It seems, according to the Publica tions of the Astronomical Society of the .Pacific, "If the hypothesis in one form or another represents the truth, then rays of light proceeding from stars which are seen very nearly in the direction of the sun should be deflect ed from their straight-line courses, as those rays pass close to the sun and through the sun's gravitational field."! Two British expeditions which were j sent out to observe the total solar eclipse of May 29 devoted practically all their energies to this one point.' What they learned has not yet been given out?but it will be interesting, no matter what it is. The time may come when light is retailed by the pound instead of by the kilowatt, and eager Jovers may stop at the drug store on cloudy nights, on their way to call upon fair maidens, and purchase a few moon beams by the ounce. EMPLOYEES AS PARTNERS. John P. Frey, one of the most in fluential leaders of the American Federation of Labor, has been strong ly urging that "workers be given a voice in the determination of their industrial fortunes." By this he means giving the employees of any concern a place on the board of di rectors or othei ?overning body, and letting them cooperate with the em ployers in determining working con ditions, wages and the policies of the industry in general. Mr. Frey was asked whether he thought the organized workers, if they were "taken into the business" so to speak, and given a chance to examine the books and help run things, would not take a selfish, one-sided attitude. "Would they be willing, for example, to abide by the result in hard times as well as in prosperous times? Would they .accept cuts in wages, when pro tits go down, just as they would de mand raises when profits went up?'' "Positively yes," he answered. "By the very fact of the employer granting a position of partnership in industry to his employee, the latter is given a sense of loyalty which he did not feed before. "He will stand the gaff as well as (he employer. If I did not believe this HARBY & CO., Inc. COTTON m FERTILIZER MERCHANTS. If you have cotton to sell, see us, it will pay you. If you have fertilizer or fertilizer materials to buy it will pay you to see us before yo'i buy, Cash or approved collateral. 9 West Liberty Street I would not believe in the future of America. If the character of any concern's employees is such, as re 0ards intelligence and fairness, that they will not be good sports alike in good times and bad times, then the workers of this country are not worth bothering about." Many other labor leaders take the same position. Their views are said to be corroborated by the conduct of the workmen in various concerns j where such a. policy has already been j adopted. The plan as yet is still new. It has i such strong support, however, from | clear-headed thinkers of all classes, and is winning its way so rapidly in I practice, that it will soon be possible to discuss the matter from the stand point of actual experience. It seems quite in keeping with the American idea of democracy, and surely will work in America, where the spirit of fair play is so strong, if it will work anywhere. If it does work, it may prove to be the long-sought solution for the big-! gest of economic problems, ending the j century-old warfare between capital and labor. FREE TRADE IX LITERATURE. m Maybe American fiction is not so hopeless, after all. An Englishman, writing to a New York newpsaper, ex- j presses a frank and admiring appre- i ciation of this much-berated branch of American literature. "There is a vi gor and robustness about it," he says, "which. is refreshing after the inani ties of some of ou. British novelists." He pleads for an arrangement by which Englishmen in general could be given access to these invigorating novels. He has something in view beyond mere entertainment. England is too. ignorant of American life, he says. Fiction is a good reflection of a nation's life. If the English people would read more American fiction, they would know and appreciate America better, and would enjoy the process of instruction. It is true, of course. And the thing works both ways. Americans, though more familiar with English literature than Englishmen are with ours, are pretty provincial and ignorant as re gards foreign literature in general. More reading of the past and present literary productions of England, France, Italy, Russia, etc., would bring a far better understanding of the na tions with whom we must have so much to do hereafter. And with real understanding would come real friend ship. A general exchange of books.and magazines among the world-powers would be a veritable peace league. If all nations read and appreciated each others' literature, there would be far less chance for the basic misunder standings out of which wars arise.. SWIMMIXG TIME. "I can't swim! I can't swim!" cried the panic-stricken bather as he flound ered in water which he thought was over his depth. "This," said his friend, watching his struggles from the bank, "is a poor time to brag about it." An ancient story, but one bearing a moral which renews itself every year as swimming time comes around. Every summer brings a record of deaths from drowning which never I need have occurred if the victims had - been taught to swim. It is just .as easy to drown in shal low water as in deep if the bather is subject to the panic which paralyzes-/.';.1 the will and befogs the reason. There ?*s no more need of drowning in deep water than in shallow if one has' the , . cool confidence of the swimmer. Aside from its life-saving value, , swimming is one of the finest exercis- ? [fes in the world developing every mus- ;, cle and enlarging and strengthening,., the breathing aparatus. Wherever there is a place available, . be it sandy beach or the "ole swim-; . min' hole," there should be some one: : installed to teach the bathers to swim: Anybody can learn who will. It is '"' not difficult, but just like everything, else it is learned most easily in youth, and they are wise parents who en courage their children to acquire early / this greatest of athlet.c accomplish-, j ments. . The Duroc Bulletin, published in Chicago, and having a nation wide circulation devotes at least two : pages of this issue of June 1st to a' ? write up of the Duroc Hog farm of " Mr. George Palmer at Cartersville. I The write-up is illustrated and shows -V i the extensive plans in detail. The ' ) article was writen by Mr. Robert' jEvens, Editor of the paper, who made a personal visit to the farms, v i having heard of their fame in this ! section of the country. It is the op j inion of Mr. Evans, as expressed in j his articles, that Mr. Palmers' farms are unsurpassed. The enterprise of Mr. Palmer in establishing the Pal- ; mer Duroc Farms has been of inesti- -: mable benefit to South Carolina. '- v He has blazed the way for pure bred" '"' i livestock by showing just how pro j fitable it can be made. It* is hoped i others will follow his example. Over One Hundred Mohair and Palm, Beach Suits SOLD IN THE PAST WEEK! Over 300 Left to Select From Come while we have your size and a color to suit you left. Largest Stock in Eastern Carolina to select from. PRICES \ $12.50 T0- $22.50 ..... .* The D. J. Chandler Clothing Co. Home of Hart Schaffner and Marx Clothes