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THE emEEBB TVATCHJSAX, Sgtatrt Consolidated Aug. 2,1; THINK MORE OF j DOGS THAN TAXES House Spends Two Days Dis-! cussing. Yellow Dog' Tax and Does Nothing. SENATE PASSES THE COOPER BUDGET BILL! Senator Cliffori Leads the Fight! for Good Roads Legislation? j People Demand Better Roads. | Columbia, Feb. 21.?The house of representatives spent the greater por tion of two days discussing the ques . tion of imposing a tax on dogs. Much more time was spent in the consider atioa of this measure than was spent i in the consideration of the appro priation bill. After "the consumption j of all of this time the measure was ) killed, or rather postponed until the! ? next session. j The senate last night passed the bill providing for the adoption of a] budget system for the State, similar to the. Virginia system. Senator Laney. of -Chesterfield made a hard ?fight-against the system but only four members of the senate stood by him. The sentiment of the senate was overwhelmingly in favor of the pro position. The system was advocated by Governor Cooper. Indications now are that the gen eral assembly will hardly adjourn before 'Siext .Saturday. The appro piration bill will not be reported to senate before Tuesday night. It will hardly get through before Thursday or Friday. There will probably be a great many changes in the meas ure in the senate. .The senate is yet to act on the compulsory education bill passed by the house. It will probably take up' the bill next week. Senator Duncan' ? of .Union. has offered' , a substitute measure for the bill' passed by the house. ? .**'ff-T were the governor of South Carolina and bad told the people that T favored "good roa"ds and this gen farfj assembly adjourned without tak ing any action looking to the con ""^WPG^^ highways in the Stare, I would call ah extra ses sion to'/pass .'such "legislation," de ck'red Senator John H. Clifton of S.umter. in an eloquent argument on th* floor of the senate last night in fa~or of action at this session -looking to the construction of permanent highways. The. senator from Sumter declared Mhot it would be a disgrace and a calumny if the general assembly ad journed with no action taken. The senator ,said that unfortunately all ; c>f his property lay some distance! away from the proposed highway! system but that that would not af- j feet ^ his vote because he believed j that permanent highways would bei fbe salvation of the State. It now appears quite likely that j Tejrlslation providing for a perma- i nent highway system wall be passed after all at this session. The house Tuesday night killed all such legis lation by a narrow margin but sen timent in the senate is overwhelm- j ingiy in favor of legislation and it 1 now appears that the house desires', t:> undo.that which it has done. The only bill passed by the house i '.pap the Reiser measure providing for I the enlargement of the State high- j ?way commission to ten members | This b:I> is now before the senate and ; that body is expected to amend it and j Include in it some of the provisions j that were in the legislation, rejected j by the house Tuesday night. It is ? now believed that the house will ac- i cent these provisions. The people of the State are aroused j ever the action of the house in re- J Ircting pending legislation and let-; ters and telegrams have been pouring! ir. on the senate urging that some-: thing be done. In the meantime J some of the members of the house j have also been hearing from home. -. Dairymen to Meet Will Organize State Association | Next Month. i Columbia, Feb. 21.?Dairymen ! from all sections of South Carolina j' have been invited to come to Colum-; bia March 11, when it is proposed,1 to organise the State dairymen's as-1 sociation. This date was fixed yester tday by a committee from the South Carolina Livestock Association, con sisting of W. w. Fitzpatrick, head of the dairy division of Clemson College; J. A. Spianklin of Cam den and R. M. Cooper, Jr., of Wisacky. There are possibly 200 dairymen fn South Carolina and an attendance of at least 100 is expected to attend ; the conference in Columbia. A number of able leaders have been invited. Experts will come:! from this division of government ! work in the United States depart- ! ment of agriculture and representa- i tives from the various breeders' as- j eociations will be sent to South Car- ! oliha for the convention. Represen- ' tatives are expected from such or- ! ganizations as the Holstein-Friesian ! Association, the American Jersey As- ! sociation and the American Guernsey Association. The meeting will be held at the Jefferson Hotel. One session will be held at one of the theatres, where atefeopticon slides can be shown to advantage, -and the film, "Love and the Jersey" may be shown. ??1 April, 1SS0. "Be Just l SSL sui PIE FOR ALL WHEAT GROWERS Government Will Buy This and Next Years Crop at Guaran teed Price. WILL SELL AT THE MARKET PRICE Congress Takes Care of Wheat Growing Section While Cotton Farmers Must Work Out Their Own Salvation. Washington, Feb. 22.?The wheat guaranty bill, authorizing the govern ment to purchase wheat of this and next year's crop at the guaranteed price and seil at the market price passed the house today. The Wheat Question No Solution Has Been Found for Problem. Washington, Feb. 21.?The house remained in session until a late hour tonight in an effort to reach a vote on the blil providing means for the gov ernment to carry out its guarantee of $2.26 a bushel to the farmers for the 1919 wheat crop. The measure was taken up after the railroad appro priation bill was passed and was free ly debated. After adopting amendments chang ng from October 15, 1920, to June 1, 1920, the date on, which the govern ment guarantee would expire and giving the president power to pro hibit importation of wheat should un fair tactics be used in trying to force down the price, the house adjourned without reaching a vote on the bill. The measure was made the unfinished business for tomorrow and a vote1 is expected soon after the house meets. - Representatives . from Southern States made a determined effort to include as amendments provisions for .iitfing the embargo on cotton, reduc ing the-number of grades, traded in On the New York cotton exchange; and making cotton speculation unlaw- j ful. but they were ruled our- by Rep- | rese.ntative Hamlin of Missouri, who | was presiding. Objection to the bill was made by both Republican and Democratic members because it does not speci loaily provide that the wheat be sold to the consumer at the price de termined ry the law of supply and demand. Representative Lever of ^outh Carolina, in charge of the measure, told the house that public sentiment would force the govern ment to sell the wheat in this coun try at the price prevailing in the world markets. Berlin, Feb. 22.?The national min istry of economic demobilzation es timates that there are a million un employed men in Germany. Proclamation by C Acreage a ai Columbia. Feb. 1 21.?Governor! Cooper issued a proclamation last! night in which he ? designated Fri- j day, February 2S. "Cotton Acreage j Reduction Day." A cut of one-third j of the acreage customarily planted isj urged and also a reduction in the j supply of fertilizer used. The full proclamation reads: i Whereas, an extraordinary situation \ exists in the cotton growing States, due to the low price cotton is bring-1 ing. which situation threatens dire; financial distress and suffering to! these States, because the existing market prices do not allow any mar- | gin of profit to the producers of cot-! ton:*and Whereas, this situation is caused by the-fact that the available supply of raw cotton is in excess of the de mand, which condition will continue if the 1919 crop should be a large one: and md Fear not?_et all the ends Thon Ali BLTER, S. C, WEDNESI Idle Workmen Under Spartaean Leaders Fighting for Con trol of City. THE DIET HOUSE IS STORMED BY MOB Two Ministers Killed and Spar-: tacans Seem to be Gaming the I Upper Hand?People Flee. - j j London, Feb. 22.?Ten thousand j I wdrkmen from tho suburbs marched. [into Munich yesterday and shortly! ! afterward violent firing was hoard, j [according to a Copenhagen dispatch.. jThe mob is reported to be plundering; ; the shops. i The conditions new prevailing i:i;' i Munch are Virtually those of civil j ! war. Hundreds of civilians started to j ' flee, but the movement stopped when] j the Spartacans occupied^the railroad J j termius. Reports state that a die-1 \ tatorship of workmen will be pro- i j claimed. ' Mob Invades Diet Minister Aurer Fatallv Wound ed. Berlin, Feb. 22.?The assassination j ?of Kurt Eiser, the Bavarian premier/ [caused a tremendous riot in Munich.; j The diet which is in session was in- j ivaded by a mob. Herr Aurer. the! i minister of the interior, who was; jshot, was still alive Friday evening,! j although desperately wounded. j Early Return to France; ?? j President Wilson Plans to Sail; t on March 5th. i ; ? ! j Washington, Feb. 20.?Secretary; j rianiels announced today that Pres-; i ident Wilson would embark on the j ! George Washington about March ; f f>th for his ^return to France. Bolshevists Take Kiev Local Reds Reinforced by Bands From Moscow. Warsaw. Wednesday, Feb. 19.?It is reported that Kiev is again :n the hands of the Bolsheviki, a large : number of whom came from Moscow to assist those who had been in the , city. I Warsaw, Thursday, Feb. 20?The campaign of Poles in Lithunia and I the provinces east of Brest Litovsk is proceeding actively. The Bolsheviki have been driven out of Maniewiez. leaving large quantities of war ma IUI ??MIHI IUI JIJKII I I II II ? MM I !?.I II governor Cooper Ui nd Calling on Farn id Sign Pledges on Whereas, the onlv plausible solu- ; tion for the situation that presents j itself is a reduction of the lOlfi cot-j ton crop; ! Nov.. therefore. I. Robert A. Coop- \ er. governor of South Carolina, do de clare Friday, February 2$, 1919. toj be Cotton Acreage Reduction Day, j and do call upon the cotton plant-j ers of South Carolina to pledge themselves upon that day to reduce: the acreage ordinarily planted in cot' ion by one-third, and to curtail the use of commercial fertilizers. Cotton growers today have on hand more than one-third of the 1.91$ crop, which they cannot sell at pre vailing prices without sustaining great loss. It is n matter of com mon knowledge thai the ratio of sup ply to demand determines prices, and should the supply of raw cotton, al ready ino large, be greatly augment ed by a large crop in 1919, the result n?*t as be tuy Country t?. Vt&y l-axvi m. >AY, FEBRUARY 26, 1! Bill to Refund Cotton Taxes Col-1 leetecl at Close of War Rejected. NO REDRESS FOR THE VICTIMS OF OPPRESSION\ _ \ I Pa.-sage of Time Has Not Alter- j eel Feeling of North in Respect \ to Frightfumess Practiced in! South. 'Washington. Feb. 21.?There will l>e ho return ct th*? present session of! centre:-:: of the illegal money tax lev-' ied upon the people of the South many years ago, although Congress man Frank Clark of Florida, from the committee cn claims, tirg-d in a| report recently submitted that favor-! able action bo taken, tri this South; Caroiinn's share is $6,000.000. It be came known todaf.' that Congressman French of Id;;ho had made an tm-j favorable report on tin- bill. Among the reasons he assigns' why this tax should not be refunded was that th^ tax was constitutional and just. He also says that it would be extremely dffficult at the present time, should it be refunded, to know where such payments would stop. It is ffurther urged by French that there is a Question as to the South's "opresentation in congress at the time it was levied. On this point he S'.-ys: "It is further urged in part in the maority report that the cotton tax should be refunded because the tax was illegally levied from the standpoint of representation, it being pointed out that the 11 States of the South whieh are the chief cotton grawing States had no representation infthe con^v^- of the United States Tho point is answered in two ways: First, it is answered by pointing out that the States involved were never legally cut of the Union: that they could have had representation in con gress by complying with the require ments of the constitution and of con gress. It may be furth r pointed out ^har States or districts at various tmflfes have born denied particular representation in congress through unseating of a member and yet were amenable to the revenue laws of the country. "Agam, If il may be established that the cotton tax was not a direct tax but was an execs:-: tax. then the tax was passed on the consumer in substantial part and was paid by the consumer regardless of his place of residence just as the tax today upon cigars or a package of tooth paste is paid by the ultimate purchaser whether he be a citizen of the United States or of a. foreign country. A dif ficulty that would be confronted at once, should the policy of refunding the cotton tax be adopted, in the problem of refunding the money to the oerson who raises the cotton. 'ging One-Third R( wrs to Meet in Eve February 28, 191i hand, for the proper protection of would be tremendously disastrous to the individuals of the South, to the States, ami to the South at large. The prudent merchant who is Over stocked with a line of wares does not procure more of those wares before he has sold that which he has or. hand, and has paid for. Southern j cotton arowers must operate on this: ssme principle. Unity of purpose/ and concert of action will save us jroni calamity, and give to us our just share of the prosperity which i other sections of the nation are en-j joying. Therefore, as governor of South j i Carolina, and as One to whom the.': h: npiness of this State is of first im-: 1 pert. I call upon the farmers to as- < sembie in e;;ch county of the State < on Cotton Acreage Reduction Day. ? to discuss and agree upon plans for i the holding of present cotton on < THE TED 919. RTY POLITICS THE SENATE Sherman, of Illinois, Introduces Bill to Muzzle President Wilson. REPUBLICANS FEAR PUB LIC DISCUSSION BY WILSON Attempt to Prevent Details of League of Nations Being Laid Before American People. Washington, Feb. 2.1.?A resolu tion designed to prevent President Wilson from discussing publicly the proposed league of nations until he has communicated the details of the plan to the senate foreign relations committee was introduced today by Senator Sherman, of Illinois, Repub lican. Consideration of the resolu tion went over under the rules. The resolution declares that to discuss the league of nations plan before submitting the details to the senate would be '"unwise,, undiplo matic and calculated to promote dis cord." Money for Railroads Congress Provides Additional Revolving Fund of $750, 000,000 ; Washington. Feb. 21.?The bill ap propriating seven hundred and fifty j milhon dollars for the railroad ad ministration revolving fund, in addi tion to the half billion carried in the act which provided for federal con trol, was passed today. Warsaw, Wednesday, Feb'. 19.?The Germans are reported not to be. ob serving the provisions of the. armis tice as to fighting in Posen. It is said -skirmishes occurred at various scat tered points. " -The records of the treasury de partment show that on at least : a 'arge proportion of the cotton the tax was levied and collected when it was n the hands of middlemen and fac tors. What claim would the grower ">f eotton who had sold his cotton to .he factor "have upon money refunded ;o the factor? None whatever. The grower of cotton when he parted with his commodity to the factor receiv ed a definite price. The factor paid he price for the cotton and later op id the tax with the distinct under standing that he would take his chances of recouping himself in pass :ng on the cotton to the manufactur ers in Manchester or Lowell. "If the cotton tax should be refund ed, it then in large part would, not go to the grower of cotton, but would eo to the factor, and to him would *?o as a gift." _ . DAY eduction of Cotton ry County this cotton from depredations of weather, and for the curtailment of the 1819 crop so that it will not ex ceed two-thirds of the average yield. I cail upon the farmers to sign the f-otton reduction pledges which will1 be presented to them on that day, and to create a public sentiment which will not permit individuals to! violate the reduction program. Un- j loss this be done we may expect pov- j erty while others enjoy wealth. During the world war our people: responded nobly to every call of pa triotism. This movement to prevent; the financial collapse of the South should appeal to the patriotism of every citizen, and no one should de sire a personal gain to the injury of j th'- whole people. I, therefore, most; earnestly urge that the bankers, mer chants, business and professional, men. eooperate with the farmer in; :3iis movement, and that the farmers,! cooperate with each other. j _ : ?!. * ' REDUCTION PLEDGE STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, No. Acres Planted in 1918. County of. No. Acres Planted in 1919. I hereby promise on my honor and agree to reduce my cotton acreage for the year 1919 as compared with the year 1918, 33 1-3 per cent, or as per schedule shown hereon, and to reduce my commercial fertilizer on cotton for the year 1919 as compared with 1918, 50 per cent. Witness . Signed . 191 Address EC SOCJTIffit?. Ett&btfetK* 'MM VoLXLVIIL No. 4. ! Berger and Four Other Socialist; I Agitators Given 20 Years"vin Federal Prison. - z> \ JUDGE LANDIS IMPOSES \ M?XIM?M PE^ALTy i ' ? ? ? .:? . '' .? ? ' I Claim to Be Martyrs Bot"Persist I in Attitude of Enmity tip the I American Government - Chicago, Feb. 20.?A, maximum j sentence of 20 years in' Lea^enroorth I prison was imposed by f ederal^Dis- . {trict Judge Landis ^today on Coh j gressman-elect Victor L. Berger^ of i Milwaukee; and four other Socialist j leaders, who in final pleas'S likened 'themselves to history^- greatest / martyrs. The five men, convicted of conspiracy to obstruct*the draft' in violation of the espionage act, were granted ?25,000 bail ' by Federal Judge ALschuier in c i reu i: ? cov^V?^p; declared they would carry their .legal I fight to the United States supreme court Besio.es Berger, publisher of the Milwaukee Leader,v the others con victed are: The Rev. I. St. John T^dfejer/ lec turer and writer. . i ? Adolph. Germer, national secretary 3f'the Socialist party.. J. Louis Engdahl, editor, of the American Socialist William F. Kruze,. head of the Young People's Socialist, League/ Judge Landis overruled motions fo ra new trial, ? for .a stay of execu | tion and for bail, but . granted ' the ?" j filing of a petition for a writ of er jrrr. Counsel for the "'convicted men then went before Judge PV-LA3schtner of the United States.circult^cotirt o'f. appeals -and asked: forvbai};^ ..} ' &0 Judge1 AJscn^ier>- ? ?gianttH?^ttheB?, ' bail,' increased from -.'$2:0,000;'to' .00.0", with the .? understandinjK ^.that they refrain from- * resuming. 'their former acts and ?utt'emnces ..during " pendency iof their case. ??; ?',%'"? : * William Br?ssrLlbydj appeared; and offered to. 'provide, surety t&- ih*-?m&~ but scheduled ? only'&ftvk&j^<j?fa $500.00.0 required. ?- The" men - were> technically' .placed,-'-In the c^ody*of the federal marshal and late 4n- the night their bonds lfead not'-been per fected. ;?? ??; The new bond had been V fixed at/ ] $25.000 on each count,. (an$ each of" ! the five was found r guilty. ..flSi two (counts. The surety, too-, jm^'t^tvA^ fed to be double the sum fixed, r'PK j $500,000. for an. / 5 ; r':/- . \ \ Berger and 'his ...f?^^.^?^?te j took full' advantage': .of, )tpe] jcqffifci? ! ary inquiry ojf; the"^ "judged ^eih^r f they 1^:x9iiii^^^ji^^^m^$^ [ tence was passed.. '^^-yj^f^ai^k' j congressman-elect'- ^ I his 2,000 wofd\t^w^tt?}n;^6^^ni^t I with tears stream'ttijg-. down-his; face, j He professed no .surprise a* X&ie | diet, though declaring iis' .c^^c^op j was in violation of ; the copstltuttqn and asserted he would retpafct-nptir ing he had said or .written. ; l*H i The war was ap imperialistic and [ commercial one Berger declared, and j "over half the white' race - i&riai-a ' chaotic state of . revolution put .Pf I which must develop , an ord?ri^ ;Sor i cialist reign within, five yeaxa?\ ? The so-called league of '? natJpB6\is simply "a thin screen- '''r?hii&.^?eh the capitalistic. classes of: thj?- win ning side^ are dividing. the spoitej* ^ said Berger, who also ; declared that "Americanism . is now synonymous with capitalism." . 1 Irwin St. John. Tucker, in Jrfe plea, compared himself and the other de fendants to Jesus Christ before PPn tius Pilate. The wives of the convicted., men were , in court, "but expressed no visible signs* of emotion when sen tence W3S passed. The men them selves, with the exception of Engeri dahl. who appeared shocked, receiv ed the sentence stoically. THe Japanese Are Holding TsingTao Premier Hara Says There is So Reason Why China Should Demand Return. Tokio, Feb. 21.?By the. Associated Press.?Replying to an .interpella tion in the diet today Premier Hara said there was no reason why China should demand the return of Tslng Taq. ; .'! To another interpolator the pre mier said the race problem would never escape the utmost attention of The government. Fire at Monfalcone Great Maritime Works Near Triest Destroyed. Tricst. Thursday, Feh. 20.?-Nearly I half the .maritime works at Monfal cone. northwest of Triest, have been destroyed by fire. _ . Warsaw, Thursday. Feb. 20.^. Members of the' inter-allied commis sion to Poland were fired upon by Ukrainian soldiers while traveling from Cracow tb Lemberg on a Polish armored train. The delegation, wl teh included'Prof. Lord, one.of the ! American members of the commia sion has returned to Cracow, j_^