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THK StJMTEK WATCHJfAN, EstaVk Consolidated Aug. 2,1 _ ^PACKERS j CONTROL F00 _ i ? District Attorney Heney Warns | Congress That Federal Laws Are Necessary. PEOPLE ARE NOW AT THE MERCY OF TRUST .Five Big Packers Have Been A! - I lowed Too Many Privileges and They Oppress the Public ! ????? i Washington, Feb. 12.?Francis J. | Heney, former counsel for the federal i trade commission, testifying today be- I fore the house interstate commerce; committee, declared that within ten ? years and probably with five, the five leading packers would control the entire food supply of the country and i woujd be able to charge whatever I prices they desired. ? ' . Mr. Heney said the packers had ex- : tended their activities into so many lields that they had become a men-j I ace to the country. They now contfor the cheese, oleomargarine and butter j markets, he said, and rapidly are ob-; .taming a monopoly of a large num- j i ber of other food products. Through their large capital and their special privileges, the witness declared, they are able to "smother competition.** Mr. Heney said the packers received i their first start towards domination | of the food markets through rebates ; granted by the railroads. This gave them such an advantage over their: competitors, he stated, that they soon j 'obtained control of meats and meat j products. ? The second step taken by j the packers, he asserted, was the ob- j taining of special privileges from the j railroads for their refrigerator cars j intended originally for perishable; moat products alone. The packers. Mr. Heney said, now! use refrigerator cars for perishable 1 and imperishable goods alike and at j such a great saving in money and in ; time of delivery as to destroy com petition. As a result, he said, whole- j sale grocers are being driven out of; business. Government ownership of refriger- j ,^3tor^-aiid-stock yards was advocated ' by Mr. Heney as the only means of | placing the packers on an even foot- j hag with possible competitors, and. he i said, that even this would not cure j entirely the packer evil. Cold stor- j age plants should be built by the gov- | eminent in all lrage cities, he said, i . so that small packers would have a j means of disposing of their products. Government regulation of the meal! industry, he characterized as inad visable because "the regulated have I a habit of soon appointing the regu lators themselves." He also said gov ernment ownership of the packing; plants or extensive licensing probably would be unsuccessful. Testimony submitted by the pack ers during the' hearings was termed by Mr. Heney as a virulent and un justified attack on the federal trade commission. He said the prickers had made many misrepresentations and called particular attention to their statement that they had not been al lowed to state their side of the case during the commission's investiga tions. None of Xh*> packers requested that they be heard at any time, the witness said. Mr. Heney also denied statements that the commission had made mis use of the packers' correspondence files and that much of its evidence had been secured from uninformed persons or disgruntled employees of the packers. Worst Storm of Winter Raging Country in Grip of Ice King? j Storm Warning on South i Atlantic. Washington, Feb. 13.?The most se vere storm of the winter was central ] this morning over northwest Missouri, the weather bureau announced.; Storm warnings have been ordered: displayed on the Atlantic coast from j Virginia to Jupiter, Florida and on ! the Gulf Coast from Bay St. Louis to Key West. Chicago,. Feb. 13.?A heavy fall o! snow, accompanied by extremely high | winds today demoralize:! telegraph! and telephone service from Chicago to, the Pacific Coast. Railroad traffic is also delayed. ? Tax on Cotton Acreage Introduced in Senate to Penalize the AH Cotton Farms. Columbia. Feb. 13.?Senator Baker.] of Florence, today introduced in the j senate a bill imposing a tax of ?z." , per acre upon all lands planted in cotton by any farming enterprise in this State in excess of ton acres of ! land per horse, mule or other animal j used in such enterprise. Paris, Feb. 12.?The prospects! *.re brightening for the assembling of : at least four of the Russian factions at the conference to be held at the Princes Islands. These are expected j to include the government of Ukraine, government of Crimea and the Rus sian Bolshevik government. Mied April, 1850. "Sa Jut n 881. SU REPORT FILED j ON CITADEL BILL Majority Recommends m Appro-! priation of $300,000* for New Citadel. SEVERAL OTHER BILLS ARE BEFORE HOUSE i Veto Message on Camp Jackson j F-are a Special Order for To-! i Day in Senate. Columbia, Feb. 12.?The way-: and i means committee delivered a divided report today on the bill for a greater Citadel. The majority was favorable, with amendments, which provide that the Hart-Minis measure will carry j an appropriation of $300.000, payable; in three annual installments of $100.-j 000 each. The minority was unfavor-; able. The bill provides for the re- j , moval of the Citadel from its present j site to a plot of land of about 2001 j acres, donated by the City of Char leston, on the Ashley river, near Hampton Park. The bill as delivered to the ways and means committee carried art appropriation c $500.000. ?J iiciary committee reported with out recommendation the Cooper joint resolution providing for a constitu tional convention and delivered a di ivided report on the Christensen meas ure providing for a like convention. The majority was favorable and the minority unfavorable. The Christen-j sen measure has been passed by the i senate. ? ! The committee on education deliv-j ered a favorable report on the Laney j bill providing for vocational and oc cupational training in the schools] which has already passed the senate, and likewise on the measure provid ing a loan fund for students at State colleges in lieu of the present scholar ship system. The concurrent resolution provid ing for a joint legislative commit- j tee to investigate the state of the ; governor's mansion, the land upon I which it is built and tbe advisability : of erecting a more suitable dwelling J for the chief executive in another i part of the city was adopted by the house .and sent to the senate. A re port will be made at the next, sea Sion of the general assembly. The Gallman bill providing that j firemen in cities and towns of more; than 10.000 inhabitants shall not bei worked over twelve hours daily was | reported without recommendation by] the committee on commerce and man-j iufacture. j The house passed twenty-one j measures of local application to the; [senate, ordered five enrolled and sent \ seventeen to second and third read- ' I ing. The house devoted practically j ad it morning session to sounding its! calendar which is practically cleared. ? It was decided not to order a night session so that the various commit- i j tees might catch up with their work, j The senate put in a hard morning's I work on its calendar and decided to i I come back tonight to finish up. I The most, interesting matter in the: isenate today was the fight between; . Barnwell and Blackville. Barnwell ] county, looking toward the future of, the eourt house which Blackville de-; sires Xj have removed from Barnwell; to Plackville. However. Blackville \ ! lost as the Davis bill which has al- i ready passed the house, was given its' j final reading in the senate after con- I siderable debate. The measure pro-! Ivides that the county seat cannot be' removed in an old county to within j eight miles cf the existing county j line. The veto message of Governor; Manning on the "> eent car fare bill , between Columbia and Camp Jackson was made a special order for tomor-; row morning at 11 o'clock. Senator Christensen introduced a I bill providing for a complete survey,' of the State by the State Tax Com--1 mission tor tax purposes. Two bills by Senator Banks, tvhioh , seek to establish a system by which the State through the sinking fund \ commission may write fire insuror.ee 1 on cotton stored in warehouses, were] passed to second and third reading, j Th" Christenseh-Laney bill provid ing for a memorial hall for those j participating in the world war was: reported favorably by the senate finance committee, amended to pro- j vide a different hail for negro sol- j diers. Pittsburg. Feb. 13.?With tbe ar-i rest of .T. F. Swartz. the cashier. ' chargeri with embezzling a quarter of ?i million dollars of its funds, the i Park Hank, one of the leading finan cial institutions of the East End was < losed this morning, it was announced '? that D. G. Camerson. State bank examiner lias b?-en appointed receiv-;, ???r The statement of January 1st;' showed deposits of over two millions. London, Feb. 13.?The British dele gates to the peace confernce have] been definitely instructed to ( !aim an indemnity which will include the c6st of the war, as well as the damage ' actually caused, it was announced in the house of commons today by An drew Bonar Law in reply to a ques ti -n. Santiago.Feb. l.'b?As the result of : anarehisijc outbreaks and disorders 1 on both sides of th^ Chile-Argentina ; frontier, the Chilean foreign office is preparing a convention v.dtn Argen- i tina regarding frontier police and ex- (I tradition. < od Fear not?Det all the end* Thon AI rMTEE, S. C., S&T?RD Success in Russia Due to Aid From New York East Side. PREDOMINANT INFLUENCE IS THE YIDDISH ELEMENT Startling Evidence Before San ate Propaganda Investigation Committee. Washington, Fob. 12.?The success of the Bolshevist movement in Russia is attributed to the aid received from the l?.tr*?r East Side, of New York city, by Rev. G. A. Simons, th|e former head of the Methodist Episco pal church in Russia, in testifying td day in the senate propaganda hear ing. The witness said the predomi nating influence of the Bolshevist propaganda here was the Yiddish element of the East Side. He explaini ed that in seating his views he meant no reflection upon the Jewish people in general. Mr. Simons said, he is having in vestigated the report that the govern ing committee of the northern com mune in Petrograd in December last contained only sixteen true Russians and two hundred and sixty-five per sons from New oYrk and one Ameri can negro. CHIEF OF HUNS Leader of Socialists Elected President of German Government. HE RECEIVED LARGE MAJORITY OF VOTES Assembly at Weimar Making Rapid Progress in Organiza tion of Government. Easel; Feb. 11.?The German na tional assembly today elected Freider ich Ebert president of the German state by a vote of -77 out of 379 votes. Herr Ebert accepted the elec tion. Count von Posadowsky?Wehn er received 49 votes. London. Feb. 11.?A German wire less dispatch announcing the election of Herr Ebert. describes his post as "provisional state resident." It adds that thvi.e were 51 absten tions from voting. Phillip .Schiede mann and Mathias Erzberger each polled one voted. After the election Dr. Eduard David in a speech said the empire for the first time had a chief who, by virtue of his election, was empowered to speak and act in the name of th<~ German people. The mouthpiece which spoke by inherited right hau disappeared and in his place stood a leader chosen by the people. Copenhagen, Feb. 11.?-According to a dispatch from Weimar, an agree ment has been reached by the Ger man national assembly on the com position of the new ministry, which will consist of 14 members. Phillip Schiedemann has been selected chan celor: Dr. August Mueller, minister of economics: Herr Bauer, minister of labor, and Herr Landsberg, minister of national defense and justice. An other portfolio will go to Dr. Eduard David, who resigns the presidency of the national assembly at Weimar, which position will be taken over by Konstantin Fohrenbaeh. The Socialists have seven seats in this cabinet, the Democrats have three and the Centrists have three, including Mathias Erzlx rger, who will hold the post ot minister without portfolio. Gount von Brockdorff Tantzau. anti-Socialist will be for eign minister. Jap Proposal Accepted United States Will Co-operate in Restoring Siberian Rail roads. Washington, Feb. 12.?Acting Sec retary Polk announced at the State depart nent today that th?* United States had accepted formally the pro posal of the Japanese government in regard to plans for restoration of railway traffic in Siberia. 5,000 Troops En Route Fwo Cruisers and a Transport Sail for New York. Washington, Feb. 12.?The cruisers Pueblo .and Montana and the trans port Touramc have sailed from France wh.h five thousand troops, and; ire due to arrive ;it Xew York Feb ruary Jist. The Pueblo is bringing some of the Forty-first Division, a portion of which will be sent to Campj Gordon. joast at be thy Country^, raj <iod> i AY, FEB&UARY 15, 19 : Casualty List up to February Ninth is Published at i Paris. ! I . THERE ARE MORE THAN ! THREE HUNDRED LISTED jTen Officers and Sixtj Men Have Been Killen in Action, I It States. ! Washington. Fob. 3 2.?A cablegram ! today from the headquarters of the j expeditionary forces in France gave I the total casualties of the American j forces in Siberia up to February Oth. i as ten officers 314 men killed, died of I wounds and disease, wounded and j missing in action. Of these two offi ' cers and sixty men are listed as killed ) in action. ! Commission from Chile Business Men Will Spend Two Weeks in United States. ! Santiago. Feb. 12.?The Chilean j financial and ommercial commission leave here February 27th and will i spend fifteen days in the United j States LUMBI? NEWS I IN BRIEF FOR ! Farmers of State Aroused On j. Cotton Holding and Acreage Reduction. i i ___________ JBIG MEETING TO BE ? HELD TO-MORROW f _ I ! Representative Moise Introduces j Bill to Increase Price of Cot ton Weighing in Sumter. Columbia, Feb. 12.?The meeting of ! fanners, bankers and business men j here tomorrow to discus:; the holding I of cotton for a better price is ex ?. pected to be very largely attended. ! Every county in the State has been I asked by B. Harris, commissioner of : agriculture to send a large delega ' tion and it .is expected that all will ? comply. The farmers of the State are unquestionably ? very much ' wrought up over the. cotton situation land some steps are necessary for the I relief of the situation. Chairman Bradford of the ways and means committee of the house announces that the committee hoped to have the bill ready for the house tomorrow morning. There has been no intimation by the committee as to the amount carried by the bill or j what the levy will he. The opinion, has gained ground in : Columbia during the past few days ? that the State tax commission will be j saved by the State senate. It is be lieved now that the bill to abolish; the commission has a very slim j chance of getting through that body. Fight on the bill was expected to be resumed today. Chairman Bradford of the York! i delegation is in rc^ipt of a letter; from the trustees of Fort Mill school 1 in York county asking for an en- i abling act to vote some bonds to en large the Fort Mil! schools for the ; increased attendance that is expected; to result from the compulsory school i attendance law. This is the first echoj of the new law. Speaker Thomas P. Cothran of the house will tonight be host at a din- ! ner to the newspaper men who coveiy the house and to the house clerks and attaches. This is an annual event.; instituted by Speaker Cothran that: is looked forward to by the newspa-l per men. Representative Moise of Sumter; has introduced a bill in the house o ' raise the charges of weighing cotton; in Sumter to 20 cents a bale until Sept. 15. 1019. after which it shell; be 1?; <-'-r>ts. The present charge isj 10 cents a bale. i Representative Eelscr of Sumter' is chairman of the q.-.od roads lepris-; lation committee and as snch will have charge of the goo<l roads bills Droviding for a bond issue and for the construction of the machinery to build the roads. Senator Clifton of Sumter is ex pected to be one of the leaders in the fight to preserve the Stnte tax com mission. l New Auto Record ! _ * De Palmer Races Mile in 24 Seconds. naytona, Fla.. Feb. 12?-Ralph De 1 F.a7:na. in an all American car. buna un ?? new mile record today when he dat; >d over the measured mile course on the beach here in 24.02 seconds 1 XI < race was under the supervision 1 of the American Automobile Asse- 1 cia.tion. The previous record made < by. Burman here in 1911 was 25.4" ? seconds. ' < uut XtaUt'a." THE TR?l 19. ! IN R0?MAN1A j - J Crowds Clamor for Overthrow of Royal Dy nasty. KING FERDINAND SAID TO HAVE BEEN WOUNDED ? Bolsheviki Propaganda Said to 1 Be Responsible for This Late Outbreak. j Berlin. Wednesday. Feb. 12.?A (genera! insurrection is in progress [throughout Rumania, according to a I Vienna dispatch. King Ferdinand was wounded slightly when he at i tempted to dee from Bucharest with ? the royal family. Rioters in the street of Bucharest ai e openly demanding | the overthrow of the dynastic, crying j "down wit!*, the puppets, long live the ; republic." J Budapest press learns that the re j volt is a part of the Bolshevik propa j ganda. In a clash at Eakorst sixty ! were killed and a hundred and forty 1 wounded. The paper adds that dis-i I cipline in the Rumanian army is col i lapsing and the food and economic j situation is rapidly growing worse, t _ China Not Coerced j Viscount Chinda Says Reports of Such Action by Japan Are Untrue. i Paris. Feb. 11.?The Havas Agency rgives out a statement by Viscount ! Chinda, the Japanese ambassador to j Great Britain who is now represent ing his country at the peace confer ence here, declaring the reports to be j untrue that Japan has exercised pres | sure on Chinese delegates to the con j ferehce. He says: j "There has been no pressure exer | ai. \, no menace formulated, no bar j gaining done on the subject of the j province of Shantung or any. other j Chinese territory. No right of con Itrol has been sought over China, and j there has been in no degree any am ! bition to represent China at the peace i conference. I "resides, our relations, with the [ president of the Chinese and the min \ stry are most cordial.' .7apane.se Foreign Minister Denies Making Threat of War. T< Monday, Feb. 10?Kijuro Shideuarva, vice foreign minister of j Japan, speaking today regarding the j publication of Chinese treaties with Japan, said that Japan simply called i China's attention to the established j procedure according to which neither ; government may publish confidential j correspondence without . previously ? consulting the other. He said that j Japan had no intention of interfering I with any demands or contentions Chi-; | na may present to the peace confer - ! ence. 1 Attack on Sweringen i / -- i \ Representative Dreher Denounc- j es Superintendent of Edu cation in House. 1 i i I - j [? Columbia. Feb. 13.?Arising to a1 Question of personal privilege in the j ihou.se today Representative Dreher; !said Superintendent of Education! Sweringen had in the public prints accused him of falsehood. He then j launched into a bitter denunciation of; the superintendent of education, call- j ing him the "would-be Kaiser of the I State" and "an impetuous and arro-1 gaut imposter. unworthy of the hon- J or and position he holds." There was an exciting scene just j outside of the house yesterday when , Mr. Sweringen and Representative; Dreher met and exchanged heated ? words. Dreher told Sweringen he regretted that he was blind. Swer ingen told him not to ?et that make any difference and made a pass at Dreher. !, The Game Laws \\ Are Unconstitutional Wolfe Recommends Passage of ! Adequate Measure. Columbia. Feb. 13.?S. M. Wolfe, attorney general, in a letter yesterday j addressed to Wade Hampton Gibbes, chief game warden, acquiesceses in the opinion recently given by Claud X. Sapp. former assistant attorney J general, that the present State lawji for the protection of game is uncon-, 1 stitutional because of the large num- 1 ber of counties which have been ox-,<: eluded from the provisions of this t general law. Mr. Wolfe concludes >y. recommending that adequate legisla-j ticn be enacted at the present session jC of lije genera! assembly. t _.??.?. ! r Car! Radek Arrested ] Russian Agitator in Germany c Seized by Police. rtasel. Feb. 1 :b?Carl Radek. the o Russian Bolsheviki emissary who e las beeti accused by the Cermans of n )eing th<- instigator of numerous radi- t! :ral outbreaks in Germany has been v trrc-ted by the German police, ac- p :ording to a Berlin dispatch. :ji C SOUTHRON. Established 3mm, MM VoLXLVIII. No.l BRITISH PREMIER IS OPTIMISTIC Progress Made in Formation of Stable League of , Nations. DEFINITE PLAN IS' ALMOST COMPLETE J Commissions Charged With Var ious Missions at Peace Confer ence Announce Findings Soon* London, Feb. 4 11.?Progress on the formation of the society of- na tions was very satisfactory, Premier Lloyd George said today in the house of commons in discusing the work of the peace conference. He said" he hoped a report would be issued;soon ' by the commission appointed to con sider responsibility for the war and enemy outrages. The premier in answering to a ques- \ tion sain that the British representa tives, like the others? would sign the treaty of peace provisionally and that the treaty would be presented to par liament lor ratification. If the house choose to repudiate it the house was all powerful, he said. The peace commission on indemni- - ties, the premier said, he hoped, would issue its report soon. The premier declared that the con ference had made progress beyond the ? most sanguine anticipations and that it was approaching an agreement on most questions. It would be a mis fortune, he added, if the peace con j f erence deliberations were discussed. in any parliaments before they we^e j concluded. If industrial unrest continues the I consequences will be grave to trade ! and industry, Mr. Lloyd George de clared. The government, he said, j would agree to any kind of an inves tigation into the causes of the unrest. Special war conditions, the premier i thought, had contributed . to the un j rest. Among these conditions, were - I the strain of four years of. war and ~ j the fear of unemployment. I The premier said that.biUs wt>uld j be introduced next week dealing^with ? j housing, health, the revival ?fc'rural ! life, iand settlement for - soMlfiJ_8,~~ jland reclamation and afforestation-, j Mr. Lloyd George said there would : be plenty of opportunities for emplby j ment if confidence was given those re ; spcnsible for starting industries and ? unless the cost of production went ?0 high thai it reduced the purchasing j power of the community or put th? j country out of the world market.. ; Discussing housing conditions,.-the i premier referred to overcrowding in I many districts which had been.aggra vated during the war by congregat ing in already crowded areas. The government would do its best to alle viate such conditions, and hours of labor, he said, already have been fixed in industries involving three ? million persons. . ? . Before the war. the premier said, Great Britain exported more than 4, 000,000,000 tons of goods and it was computed that half the cost of the goods was wages. The difference of a few shillings on a ton'; of a com modity, like coal he declared, might deprive the ccur.trv of hundreds -of millions of pounds and might throw hundreds of thousands out of work. Before the war the railways were making profits of 50,000,000 pounds, according to the premier, but their expenses were now increased by 90, 000.000 pounds, largely in wages. To reduce the hours of labor while pay ing the same wages he contended, would be to increase unemployment. "Referring to "demand put forward not to obtain fair conditions but to overthrow the existing order, to de stroy the government" the premier declared: "I say insistently on behalf, of the government that we are determined to fight Prussianism in the industrial world exactly as we fought it on the continent of Europe. "If all classes of the community are prepared to make the necessary sac -ificcs for the stability, security and freedom of industry I am prepared to say with full knowledge of the consequence that no section of the community, however powerful, shall je allowed to hold up the whole na ion." The premier concluded .-with an ap peal that the victory won by battles should not wantonly be dissipated in l few weeks by increased strife. Alfonso Plans Trip Paris. Feb. 12.?King Alfonzo of Ipain has definitely decided to visit '?outh America, according to The Gau :>is. He will go to Buenos Aires, lonteviedo and Rio Janeiro. The ate of the visit has not yet been de ermined. London. Tuesday. Feb. 11.?Lord 'urzon, president of the council, said Dday in the house of lords that none t the allies is preparing to invad? tussia. To extirpate the Bolsheviki, said, would have meant a new luropean war and the Princess Island inference was proposed instead. Washington. Feb. 13.?The removal f all restrictions against the free tportatfon of cotton to enemy and eutral countries was demanded in ie senate today by Senator Hard ick of Georgia who declared the resent embargo restrictions "are un l&t and indefensible/'