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4r%S9sHjpan art SraijjioiL f^iblislied Wednesday and Saturday ?BY?? OSTEEN PPBUSffiNG COMPANY SUMTER, S. C. Terms: $1.50 per annum?-in advance. Advertisements. One Souare first insertion .. ..$1.00 h^Every^subsequent insertion.50 Contracts for three months, or longer will be made at reduced rates. f Ali communications which sub y serve private interests will be charged for as advertisements. - Obituaries and tributes of respect will be charged for. The Sumter Watchman was found ?? in 1S50 and the True Southron in ?1566. The Watchman and Scutiror now has the combined circulation and influence of both of the old papers, -and is manifestly the best advertising medium in Sumter._ Washington, Jan. 18.?Mild tem perature and generally fair weather, with probaoly rain on Thursday and Friday is the prediction for the South eastern. States the coming week. -Of course, these Poles have no business jemping on Germany when she's down. At the same time, the world, remembering what Germany has done to the Poles, Serbs and Bel "gians, takes a sardonic satisfaction in their impudence. * * * Why not put the undesirable aliens aboard those German battleships and let them taste the experiences of The Man Without a Country for the next fifty years? * * * [ The Germans are going to work. Watch for the new sign over the door: Captain Boy-Ed, Undermining Engi neer. * * * Even free-trading Great Britain urges the deportation of the Kaiser as a Dutch export duty. * * * "The job now is to make, find and fit jobs. * * * Another victorious retreat?Luden dorff has retired to a farm. ^ ? * * * Paderewski ought to be able to put. harmony into the Polish government. MONUMENTS. The discussion is now on, full tilt, as to what form memorial structures / for- our soldier dead shall take. Ob jection is made by many to the plan that these memorials shall be great . buildings or bridges. It is considered by the objectors that in the first place j " these are too work-a-day in charac ter, and in the second place that they are difficult to mark in any such way that the passer-by will realize their peculiar significance. There is reason in these objections. There is something particularly ap propriate in the bronze or marble monument the sole purpose of which is to attract the eye and bring fresh ly to the mind the greatness of a cause and the heroes who died in its ?defense. The principal trouble with memor ials of this kind is that they are too often inartistic?heavy horrors sur mounted by' impossible figures which are like a caricature of the thing they are supposed to glorify. ? ^ce this >s so, the suggestion of the Massachu setts authorities to their various com mittees becomes of general interest and value: "We urge that all plans for monu ments and memorials be matured with care and that final action be| not taken without advising with the art committee." The governor of Massachusetts has appointed an art committee for this express purpose, and the committee "will do its best to prevent the erection of unsightly or inappro priate work whose presence would be a cause for regret in the future, but ?which could not be removed without apparent ingratitude. Other States might well follow the footsteps of Masachusetts, since ihe desire everywhere is not simply that a memorial be erected but that it j shall be of a permanence of beauty worthy of the men in whose honor it ! is raised. TRAINS MUST RUN FORWARD. Whatever happens to the railroads, j one thing is certain: They must not be allowed to go back to the old mess, j jln fact, such a thing is hardly pos-1 sible. Americans are a long-suffering peo- j pie. They have stood for abuses in j public utilities which it seems incred ible that any people should stand who have in their own hands the power to remedy them. But when they final- : ly awake from lethargy on any sub- j j'ect, they awake to good purpose., Then they hustle and they dig and: they give evidence of the American virtues of speed and action. The chaotic duplication of stations' and express companies which was al- j lowed to go on beside the equally chaotic lack of stations and express facilities is finally being straightened out under governmental control. Two bits of experience have peno-j trated the brain of the average Amer ican; Before th> war he had an ex eel lent passenger service which he appreciated and will never again wil lingly he without. But he had it at the expense of tremendous waste. During the war and immediately af-^ terward, he began to see the results of co-operation in freight and traffic) as opposed to the evils of competition. | This, -too, he will never again be wil- i ling to do without. Just what will be done with the' roads, just what ought to be done with them, is still an open* question. But this is sure?trains must not be allowed to run backward "into con fusion, extravagance and inefficiency. They must run forward, to orderly, thrifty and effective service. PLACARD CULTURE. Bolshevism has developed a new scheme of education. In one of the Russian cities the municipal council has established a system, of placard instruction for the masses. Informa tion on law, economics, history, sci ence, biography, etc.. is printed on posters and stuck up all over town, so that he who runs may learn. As set forth in an official announcement, by this process it is expected that 'every citizen, instead of spending years at a university, can pick up a general \ knowledge of the principal educa tional subjects as he goes along." The idea is rot altogether unknown in this country. Much has been done, during the war, in the way cf disseminating information by posters, particularly with regard to Liber:y Loans, War Savings, etc. A metropolitan paper remarks that New York learns a lot from what it sees on the streets, and inquires whether there is not "a liberal night , school education in the white lights of , Broadway." Undoubtedly a great ; deal can be learned from those illu minated whiskey, cigaret and patent medicine ads. But it is possible that N'ew York and other cities will even tually go far beyond this, and apply j' .he Bolshevist idea of using bill- 1 boards, printed and lighted, for the i leliberate dissemination of of cul- * ure? 1 There may be something worth 1 vhile in Bolshevism after all. We 1 an all pick up a college education as ve walk along the street. Every bill ? >osters becomes a professor, and every I >atrolman is in line for a post-grad- 1 iate degree. The ' man in the street" < vill be recognized as the scholar. J Culture will be universal. It is an ap pealing prospect. < WHEN DOCTORS DISAGREE. - { The weather prophets cannot agree , ibout the kind of winter we are to , Eiave. The goosebone specialists declare that in spite of all evidence to thv contrary we shall have a long, .hard winter. The bird adherents, relying < an the authority of robin red-breast > and bluebird, are positive that the j weather will continue so kindly as to make the coal question of as little im- ] portance as the price of crowns. , Probably the whole question will , have to be submitted to the peace , ?onference finally. HIGH-LOW RATES. < We are promised not only air mail, but airplane passenger service very soon. There is nothing astonishing in this. Everybody knew that passenger planes were bound to come. But there is one amazing thing in the state ment concerning this service made by Captain Benjamin Lipsner. He says. "The rates will be within the reach of all." If that is true, after our experience with railroad rates during the past year, the sky routes will certainly get a lot of railroad business. THE NEUTRAL REPUBLIC. " The greatest seaport in America has been tied up for several days by a strike of harbor workers. The busi ness of the metropolis has been para lysed. Food supplies have been in terfered with. Fuel has come peril ously near exhaustion. Tens of thou sands of men in no way connected with the strike have 1: en thrown out of work. Foreign trade has been blockaded. Children's lives have been imperilled. And the millions of people involved have stood for it all. as usual. There have been indignant protests from various individuals, but the public as a whoie has taken the strike as a J matter of course?something to be expected and endured, like a blizzard, j !t is much the same when a labor! struggle any whore interferes with the' normal life of a communitv. Private i j capital and private labor tight out; their battle as if they were the only! parties concerned. and the public! acquiesces in that view, only lament-; ing, in a reconciled sort of way. that i aii "innocent bystander" should suf- ; for through no fault of its own. The public is not an innocent by- ? Stander. The pubiic is the boss, re-I sponsible for the situation and pos-| sessing authority to straighten it out.; As soon as the general public becomes i thoroughly imbued with that truth, i (there will be no more such tie-:Tps. I Arbitration boards: will not prove fu | tile the moment trouble appears. I They will have authority, and wield it firmly and justly, compelling the [ private parties engaged in 7)ublic ser vice to continue their service while their disputes are being adjusted and compelling them to acquiesce in the adjustment when once it is made. Surely when Americans are plan ning to.compel peace throughout the world they ought to be able to com pel peace at home. / CASTING OUT THE OLD. No better evidence of German stu pidity and effrontery exists than the present attempt to bring about peace settlements under the leadership of the very men who are abhorrent to all the world-as the instigators and councillors in the war of duplicity and horror. The refusal of Mr. Hoover to deal with cither Von der Lancken or Rieth should convey some idea to the German leaders, too, that the in creasing power of Von Bernstorff will' have to be checked before Berlin can' deal with. America. The United States will have no time for a Von P.ernstorffed Germany. She remembers too well his connec tion with plots to blow up her grain elevators and disrupt her labor sys tem while he was ostensibly the rep resentative here of a friendly power. Hindenburg, too, will have to go, with his daily addresses to his un beaten armies, and his suspected loy alty to the Hohenzollern regime. Until by casting out these old lead ers she confirms her assertions of dis approval of their conduct, Germany can hope for no listening ear from the nil i cs. MIXE SWEEPERS. Throughout the war a notable work las been going on, accorded little no uee and yet involving a bravery which makes it one of the romances of the sea. This is the sweeping of mines 'ror.i the waters in order that the big iattleships and transports may ap proach their harbors in safctj*. All sorts of small craft have been 'Quipped and pressed into this dan gerous but necessary service. Seven um d red vessels have been constantly ?mployed around the British Isles tlone. Euch month the mine sweepers op ?rating in various parts of the seas iave swept up the mines from 46.000 ?c,uare miles of water. It was lately estimated that in all they had trav elled some 1,132,000 miles, and every mile was fraught with danger. RKSCUIXG FTSH IX IOWA. The headline ".Millions of Fish Sevcd in Iowa" arrests the attention. That state is not ordinarily famed- for its fish industry. Nevertheless, it is reported that more than 17,000,000 fish have been saved through the United States Fish rescue stations, in Iowa alone, since the month of August. During the highwater seasons ofj the Mississippi great numbers of fish go into quiet waters out of the main channel to spawn. As the floods abate and the dry season advances, these fish are lefjj in landlocked pools and ponds. Thby have no means of pgress to running water. Thej- become more and more crowded as the pools grow smaller, and these that surviv ed the other difficulties would freeze to^death in the winter if they were net rescued. The rescue crews seine the fish and -rar.sfor them to running streams. Mine of them have been used to re stock other rivers and lakes. The cost of the work is estimated at about 34 cents per thousand fish. It is a small sum in view of the great value of the work done and the need for keeping our fresh water streams and lakes stocked with fish. THE STARVATION FUXR. The opposition to the $100,000,000 appropriation asked for by the presi dent to feed starving friends in Eu rope did net emanate from American homes. ' It was not found in public gatherings. Citizens discussing the matter, in private or public, would have been ashamed to look in one an- j other's faces and condemn so gen erous an action. The opposition was found only in the halls of congress. i Congressmen went out of their way j to discover obstacles. Some of them j questioned the constitutionality of the! measure. An ordinary political "pork | bid" might be legal enough, but it was) held a dangerous innovation to vote money for keeping alive through the! winter certain brave and worthy for eign populations which are in des-j perate straits?and incidentally damming with food the advancing! wave of anarchy, which threatens all Europe, and indirectly, ail the world. I So this fine and wise philanthropy,! suggested by the world food admin istrator and recommended by the president, was hedged about with legislative difficulties. Those difficulties sudd ?n!; vanished. They are swept away by a sudden OOTTOH11 FERTILIZER ?Iii If you have cotton to sell, see us, it will pay you. If you have fertilizer or fertilizer materials to buy it will pay you to see us before you buy, CasI* *>r approved collateral. 9 West Liberty Street wind, blowing fresh from the source of all authority in America. The ob structive congressmen heard from home. It was another striking demonstra tion of the power of public opinion. Never was the public mind more keen and expressive than it is today, and never were lawmakers and executives more conscious of their representative I function and more docile in obeying I instructions. I ' ~"~ ~~ i EXPLOITING TUE TNI FORM. Xo soldier needs to sell foolish lit- j tie patriotic emblems from door to1 door, presuming upon the fact that! he is in uniform to insure their pur- j chase. j Xo soldier needs to work in his; uniform as solicitor or agent, or in i any capacity where his unifom, and j not the value of his work or the pro- j duct he is selling, is the drawing card. I i Not only are such uses of the uni- j form unnecessary, but they disgrace; the army and the whole people. Says : an officer of the lied Cross: "It is simply the exploitation of the i uniform for the profit of the employ- i er, and it belittles both the soldier: and the uniform. The situations of this kind coming to our attention i have not been in the class of occupa tion that would encourage thrift on the part of the soldier or a quick and easy return to substantial civilian pursuits. I "And discharged soldier unable to obtain employment will be assisted by j the civilian relief department and itsj co-operating agencies to obtain worth while employment." In some cases where tin oldier's pay is long overdue, and he is consc- j Quently unable to fit himself out in* appropriate civilian clothing, the Red; Cross has arranged that he may have! credit. The wearing of the uniform is a dignified and serious business. The khaki is not designed for an advertis- i ing medium, and use of it as such j opens the way for fakes and impos- ! tures without limit. \ j LOCAL. P. G. BOWMAN, Cotton Buyer. (Corrected Daiiy at 12 o'clock Noon). ' Good Middling 26. Strict Middling 25 3-4. ; Middling 25 1-2. Strict Low Middling 23 i-2. - VKW YORK COTTON MARKET. ; . Yes'td'ys' j Open High Low Close Closet Mch. . 2l.H0 24.00 23.45 23.45 24.00 May 2".25 2-.T2 22.Z 'Z'l.'lZ 22.67 July . .22.46 22.64 21.25 21.2? 22.52 j First Session i Open to Press j - I i Paris. Jan. IS.?The first formal, sesion of the peace conference was I opened freely to the press of all jha j tions. How many of the succeed ing sessions wiil by the decisions of the conference be held in camera has not been indicated but the Ameri i can newspaper men. and probably also the British and Italian, are pre paring io reopen the questqicn of pub licity if they should decide that the j flow of news is impeded by rules of i secrecy. I In a formal communication to the I conference, the American correspond j enis renewed their previous request I that the rules forbidding the dele I gates to discuss the doings of .he 1 conference with the correspondents ; would not be enforced. While no an ' nouncement on this subject has been 1 made it is learned on the authority of deiegates that the rule does still obtain. Wh: t action the correspodents will take will probably be developed next week when the exact character of the press representation and the num ber to be admitted to the conference will be determined. Pars. Wednesday, Jan. 15.?Ger man submarine CJ-130 has arrived at Brest a fortnight later than other U boats turned over to France owing to her damaged condition. She js the world's largest submarine, being 354 feet long and having a displacement of 2.0 00 tons. She made only one cruise before the armistice was sign ed. VALUABLE ADVICE. t i: Sumter Citizens Should Profit by The Following Statement. Doan's Kidney Pills were used by this Sumter resident. Their merit was shown?the story told. Now comes further evidence. , The testimony is confirmed. The remedy was tested?the results lasted. Could Sumter residents demand stronger proof? It's Sumter testimony. It can be investigated. Mrs. Annie C. Carnes, 531 W. Oak land St., Sumter, gave the following statement January 12, 1915: "My kidneys were out of order and my back ached. I had headaches and clizzy spells, too. I used Doan's Kid ney Pills and they cured me of all the trouble." . ? i Over three years later, or on Feb ruary 13, 19IS, Mrs. Carnes said:: "I ran certainly recommend Dean's Kid-' ney Pills for they gave me a perma nent cure. I am glad to confirm, my former statement." Trice COc, at all dealtfl?. Don't simply ask for a kidney r<?toedy?get Doans' Kidney *? Pills?the aame that Mrs. Carnes had. Foster-J?Bkurri Co., Mfgrs., Buffalo, N. Y.?Adit (57) AMERICAN FORCES IN FRANCE. To Be Reduced to Minimum Con sistent With National Obligation. Washington, Jan. 18.?American forces in France of occupied territory in Germany have been reduced to the minimum strength or "consistent with national obligations," General March said today. He added that Marshal Foch has been informed of this policy by Gen. Pershing. Amsterdam, Jan. 18.?Conimand-1 er of. the neutral zone east of*'" ? Rhine, in the region of Djisbu g, Rhenish Prus^a, announced that al ied troops will occupy harbors and landing places on the right bank of the river. Duisburg will be occupied by two companies of troops._ Ii Copyi-lsht lsiy by R. J. Reynolds Tobucco Co. 11 i ?K:; m- ;?: ? ^ fiiiP^ii.y ':'m;-'.:?k i ?' l i pii- i i l1 YOU can't help cutting loose jofus remarks every time you flush your smokespot with Prince Albert?it hits you so fair and square. It's a scuttle full of jimmy pipe and cigarette makin's sunshine and as satisfy ing as it is delightful every hour of the twenty-four! It's never too late to hop into the Prince Albert pleasure pasture ! For, P. A. is trigger-ready to give you more tobacco fun than you ever had in your smokecareer. .That's because it has, the quality. Quick as you know Prince Albert youH write it down that P. A. did not bite your tongue or parch your throat. And, it never will! For, our exclusive patented process cuts out bite and parch. Try it for what ails your tongue! Toppy red bags, tidy red tins, handsome pound and half pound tin humidors?and?that clever, practical pound crystal glass humidor with l spor ge moistener top that keeps the tobacco in such perfect condition. R. J. Reynolds Toba ceo Company, Winston-Salem, N. C