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OTK S?MTER WATCHMAX, EstaWi Consolidated Au#. 2,1 PARIS Hi SCHOLAR WILSON French University Confers Its! First Honorary Degree Up- ! on American President. FRANCE RECOGNIZES HIS WORE AS GREAT JURIST I Splendid Tributes Paid?Poster-1 ity Will Salute Wilson as "The j Righteous," Declares Paris University Rector. Paris, Dec. 21.? (Havas.)?In the great amphitheater of the University of Paris (the Sorbonne), President Wilson this afternoon received the degree of doctor, honoris causa, con ferred upon him in recognition of his work as a jurist and historian. This is the first time in the -his tory of the University that an hon orary degree has been bestowed. President Poncaire, the president ;oI the senate and chamber of deputies, the diplomatic corps, members of the government and the highest civil and military authorities were present. Great crowds cheered the president when he arrived accompanied by Mrs. Wilson, Ambassador Sharp and M. Jusserand, French ambassador to the United States. Alfred Croiset, dean of the faculty of letters, welcomed President Wil v son in a short address and presented to him the diploma of doctor as a testimonial to his work as an histo rian and his writings on historical | subjects. Ferdinand Larnaude. dean of the faculty of law, then bestowed j upon the president the degree of doc- j or for his works on jurisprudence j and political science. Lucien Poincare, vice rector of the i University and brotHer of President | Poincare, paid an eloquent tribute to j President "Wilson's ability as a pro- j fessor before he entered upon Iii?:; political career, and told of the Pros-; ident's part in the war. In conclusion j M. Poincare said: "Glory to the American students' j Glory to the eminent professors and] t?eir' universities! ^Glory to you, Mr. j President, who are the first amongst i them. In the name of the University J of Paris I have the honor to awa^d j the insignia and diploma of doc-or j to - one whom posterity will salute ; with th& surname, "The Righteous"? j President Wilson." President Wilson, in acknowledging j the honor bestowed upon him today j by the University of Paris in the form j V a doctor's degree, said: "1 feel very keenly the distinguished ! nonor which has been conferred upon 1 me by the great University of Paris, j and it is very delightful to me also tc have the honor of being inducted into j the great company of scholars whoso! life and fame have made the history of the University of Paris a thing ad mirable among men of cultivation in all parts of the world. "By what you have said, sir, of the theory of education which has been followed in France and which I have tried to promote in the United States. I am tempted to venture upon a favor ite theme. I have always believed that the chief object of education' was to awaken the spirit, and that inas much as a literature whenever it has touched its great and higher notes was an expression of the spirit of man kind. The best induction into educa tion was to feel the pulses of human ity which had beaten from age to age through the universities of men who had penetrated to the secrets of the human spirit. "And I agree with the intimation which has been conveyed today that the terrible war through which wc have just passed has not been only a war between nations, but that it has been also a war between systems of culture?the one system the aggres sive system, using science without conscience, stripping learning of its moral restraints and using every fac ulty cf the human mind to do wrong to the whole race; the other system reminiscent of the right tradition of men; reminiscent of all their strug les, some of them obscure, but oth ers closely revealed to history, of men of indomitable spirit everywhere struggling towards the right and seeking above all things el?e to be free. 'The triumph of freedom in this war means that that spirit shall now dominate the world. There is a great wave of moral force moving through the world, and every man who op poses himself to that wave will go down in disgrace. "The task of those who are gather ing here, or will presently be gath ered here, to make the settlements of this peace is greatly simplified by the fact that they are the master:? of no one; they are servants of mankind. And if we do not heed the mandates of mankind we shali make ourelvc; the most conspicuous and deseiw; failures in the history of tha world. "My conception of the lengue of natioBS is just this?that it shall op erate as the organized moral forco of men throughout the world and thai whenever or wherever wrong and ag gression are planned or contemplate.: this searching light of conscience v.-ll! be turned upon them and men every where will ask: "What are the purpose? that you hold in your heart against the for tunes of the world? "Just a little exposure will sett I most nyestiors. If the Central Pow ers had dared to discuss the purpos--1 of this war for a single fortnight, if never wou7d have happened. An'i if, as should be. they were forced t > discuss it for a year the war would have been inconceivable. i*ed April, 1850. "Ba Juat ? S81. STJ] President Will Complete Prelim ? inaries To-Day and To-Morrow. WILL BE FREE FOR HIS VISIT TO ENGLAND Pressing Problem of Feeding People of Liberated Countries in Fair Way Toward Solution. Paris, Dec. 23.?President Wilson's conference today and tomorrow will virtually complete the preliminaries he expected to dispose of before going: to England. They probably lay the principal ground work for the actual peace conference. President Wilson considers the most pressing of all the problems before the entente nations to be the supply ing of food to the starving people of the liberated countries, and this is in a fair way toward being solved. Crisis In Berlin. Minority Members Quit the Ebert Cabinet. Zurich, Dec. 23.?The Ebert gov ernment in Berlin is repo ted to be faced with another crisis through the resignation of the minority members of the cabinet. Political circles are agitated by a rumor that General Groener, the successor of Gen. Luden dorff has threatened to seize Berlin with the troops that remained faith ful, if order is not established shortly. Schwab For President Mentioned at Banquet of Chi cago Machinery Club. Chicago. 111., Dec. 22.?Choice of Charles M. Schwab for the next presi dent of the United States was voiced at a banquet given by the Chicago Machinery Club to 750 plant superin tendents and other representatives of 750 machinery construction and metal working concerns. Partisanship was not mentioned. , Neutral Holland The British Will Send Supplies Through That Country. Brussels, Dec. 23.?It is reported here that Holland has been informed by Great Britain of her intention to send supplies to the British army of occupation in Germany by way of the River Scheldt and Dutch Limburg. Zurich. Dec. 23.?Gen. Ilindenburg, according to reports from Germany, has concentrated a large force of sol diers in Posen. Germany-Poland. "So I feel that this war is, as hai \ been said more than once today, ?n | timately related with the unlversitj I spirit. The university spirit is intol j erant of all the things that put the i human mind under . t .raint. It Is in ? tolerable of everything that seeks t'c i retard the advancement of ideals. th< acceptance of the truth, the purifica j t:on of lifo. And every university man can ally himself with the forces ! of the present time with the feeling I that now at last the spirit of truth I the spirit to which universities have ; devoted themselves, has prevailed and ; is triumphant. "If there is cne point of pride thai : I venture to entertain, it is that it has been my private privilege in some j messure to interpret the unlversitj 'spirit in the public life of a groat na ? ticn. and I feel that in honoring mi j today in this unusual and conspicuous manner you have first of all honored ; the people whom I represent. The spirit that I try to express I know tc j be their spirit, and in proportion as 1 serve them I believe that I advance i the cause of freedom. "I wish to thank you, sir, from the j bottom of my heart for a distinction which has in a singular way crowned . my academic career." In presenting to President Wilsor ! the insignia and diploma, o*: doctor in the name of the University of Paris Vice Rector Lucien Poincare said: "History will recount how, taking inspiration from the American people and your own thoughts, you reached one glorious day the decision which is one of the greatest events recorded in the war, and in your own words placed the blood and all the power oi America at the service of the prin ciples which have given her life. His tory will also tell how you have sought to realize the imperishable su premacy of rlsht by means of an as sociation of peonle which should lib crate thr? world." ?v?. Poincare paid honor to Ameri can university professors for the un failing sympathy they h: ve shown for France and also to the American stu dents who in such great numbers en*.:" to fiprht beside their Trench student comrades. "Many, alas." 3Vf. Poincare contin ued, "will not return to their beloved country for th?-y have fallen in France where, we tnr-t. they felt they were not on foreign so'! and where they have left the youth of the two republics an immortal example of fraternal union. Glory to th^se American students! Glory to the emi nent professors of their universities! And gl?ry to you, Mr. President, the first American among them all!" od Fear not?-Let an the ends Thon Air ?lTER, S, C, WEDNESI AIR CO International Conference to Dis cuss Knotty Prob lem. SMUGGLERS OF THE AIR HARD TO CONTROL Representatives of Allied Pow ers and the United States ! Will Meet Soon After New I Year. Paris. Dec. 23.?Representatives of j several allied powers and the United i States will ho'id a conference in Paris i i early in the new year in connection j i with the future cf international aerial j ! navigation, The Echo de Paris states. I They will stuJy the question of how I to prevent airplanes of different na- j I tionalities crossing the customs bar-j . riers and other matters. Cotton Ginned Report of Ginnings for S? C. Prior to December 1. Washington, Dec. 21.?Director! I Cam L. Rogers, of the bureau of the| i census, Department'of Commerce, an j ncunces the preliminary report of cotton ginned by counties in South Carolina for the crops of 1918 and 11917. The report .vas made public for the State s.t 10 a. m. on Monday, December 9, 1918. (Quantities are in running bales. counting round as half bales. Linters are not included): 191S 1917 ! Abbeville .. .. 18,695 18,149 lAiken . 1. 45.278 37,200 [Anderson .. 51,606 51,679 Bamberg. 29.S37 24,531 j Barnwell.? 57,983, 53.152 ! Beaufort ...... '842 5,034 (Berkeley .. .. 12,386 10.008 i Charleston .. S,25"? 8.657 ICalhoun. 34.034 26.3Sf? Cherokee. 11,755 S.606 Chester . 24,373 IS.727 Chesterfield ... 26,910 20.102 Clarendon .. .. 33.S59 31,91.", Darlington . -. . 35,04 6 29,104 Dillon. 29.503 26,953 Dorchester .. 16,739 14,076 Edgefield. 25,218 23.5SG ?Fairf.eld. 20,218 15,355 I Florence. 30.366 31.052 Georgetown .... 3,828 3,746 Greenville . . . 31,605 25.803 Greenwood . . . 29.916 26,200 i Hampton . 20.969 20,101 jHorrv. 6,200 6.548 j Jasper.. 5,506 4,844 IKershaw. 26,485 14,576 ,j Lancaster. 18.595 13,19.3 ? Laurens. 33,714 29,145 Lexington .. .. 31,261 "25,100 McCormiek .... 13,853 32,030 j Marion. 14,939 12,961 ! Marlboro. 58,472 ? 47,269 'Newberrv .. .. 30.822 39,1:59 !;Oconee. 19,002. ? 15,236 : Orangeburg . . .. 89,644 74,722 ? Pickens. 16.103 12.133 RicWand. 22.246 16.629 ; i Spartanburg .. 53,844 43.233 ' Saluda . 23.359 * 23.912 ' Sumter. 44,877 34,993 'Union. 15,574 13.046 *j Williamsburg. . .. 25.303 22.6S4 York. .0,124 23,08* > I_ M The State ..1,241,384 1,055,076 [j Welcomed to Sumter Rev. John A. Rice, the New Pas [| tor of Trinity Methodist' Church, Giiven a Cordial Reception. \ \ With an attendance estimated to . be from one thousand to twelve hun ' j dred people ,a crowd which com [jpietely filled the large auditorum '! and Sunday school room of the l J church, the welcome service was held '. last night in Trinity M?ihodist Church ' !at which the various denominations of t j the city, through their pastors, wel ' 1 coined the Rev. John A. Rice to Sum ter. The meeting was presided over 'j-py Dr. J. H. Wilson, pastor of St. [ James* Lutheran Church. The Rev. J- P. Marion, of tne Pre?; t , byterian Church, and Rev. E. W. Rey nolds, pastor of Sr;!em Baptist Church. ' on behalf of their congregations and ' the people of Sumter generally, wel comed Dr. Pice to the city. Thes:; [. talks were responded to by Dr. Rico. ; j who thanked them for their cordial ' ity and their fine offer of cooperation. The music, which was furnished by a combination of the choirs of the 1 city, was one of the special feature.-, of the evening. The Christmas Can tata, which had been prepared ander the direction of Miss Siddall, was ex ceptionally good and the directress .leserves much credit. Mrs. Louise ; Stubbs presided at the organ. Plenty of Airplanes Fifty DeHavilands Sent t Southern Field for Student Flyers. Albany. Ca.. Dec. 23.?Fifty tv Dellaviland bombing airplanes hav< arrived at Southern Field. Americu* Ga.. for the use of llying students. Washington, Dee. 23.?In disposing of amendments to the war revenue bill with a view cf its passage before adjournment today, he senate elimi nated the twenty per cent tax on so called luxuries, such as costly clothes. < ' shces and other articles of wear. M't at be thy Country'*, Ttiy God's I >AY, DECEMBER 25. 1 NEWS PIRATES ARE ROBBERS Associated Press Obtains Per manent Injunction Against International News Service. SAYS HEARST CAN NO LONGER START NEWS United States Supreme Couirt Hands Down Final Decision in Press Association Case. Washington, Dec. 2'Z.?The injunc tions granted the Associated Press to stop the pirating of news by the In ternational News Service were sus tained today by the Supreme Court of the United States, as have been rival news gathering organizations. Justice Pitney held that there is a quasi property interest in uneopy \ righted news. j j Justice Pitney'said there was noth | ing in the record to show that the j Associated Press was in the position of having 'unclean hands." The court declared that the processes used by the International in taking the As sociated Press news amounted to "an unauthorized interference with the i normal operation of the' complainants legitimate business." The International's contention that the Associated Press relinquishes its property right in news matter when I it is published, the court held to be "untenable." Dr Walter H. Page Dead Former Ambassador to Great Britain Passed Away at Pinehurst, N. C. Pinehurst, N. C, Dec. 22.?Walter Hines Pago, former ambassador to Great Brite.in, died here late iast nigh: after an illness of many weeks. Dr Page's health began to fail nearly s j year ago and he gave up his pest a? American representative at the Ccun j of St. James' late in the summer, i Mr. Page returned to the Unitec States on October 12 and he was ? moved directly from the steamer to : I hospital in New York. For a time hi: j condition showed improvement, bu ! late in November he suffered a re lapse. Early this month he ralliet and ten days ago was brought t< j Pinehurst. For a while he seemec , to grow stronger, but suffered a sec j ond relapse last Thursday. Most of the members of Dr. Page'i j family were with him when deatl: ! came. They included Mrs. Page, his j daughter, Mrs. Charles G. Loring ol 'Boston; his son, Ralph W. Page, anc j his brothers, Henry A, Page, Junius j R, Page and Former Congressman j Robert N. Page. Moj. Frank C. Page i who accompanied his father home { from England, arrived this morning, j Another son. Capt. Arthur W. Page, ! is now serving in England. J " Arrangements for the funeral have j not yet been completed, but it was j announced that services will be held I Tuesday morning at 11 o'clock at the I Page Memorial Church at Aberdeen, I N. C. ! Dr. Page, who was born at Cary. j N. C, 62 years ago. was appointed j ambassador to Great Britain more j than five years ago. Dofore that time jhe had devoted himself almost entire ; ly to literary work and was the au I thor of a number of books. While I editor of The State Chronicle at Ral | eigh, N. C. he started the movement I which resulted in the founding of the I State Agricultural and Mechanical , Colleg . Dr. Page attended Randolph-Macon j College in Virginia and was a fellow at Johns Hopkins from 1S76 to 1S7S. He had received degrees from the Universities of Cambridge, Aberdeen. ' Oxford and Edinburg. Mr. Page was editor of the maga I zine, The World's Work, and a mem ber of the publishing firm of Double day. Page and Company of Garden : City, L. I., when in March, 1913. Pres j ident Wilson appointed him American ambassador to Great Britain. The president's selection of an edi I tor and an author for this post elicit ; ed favorable comment in Great Brit ain, where Mr. Pasre was referred to 'as a "scholar-diplomat" and his ap 1 pomtment was characterized as an interesting experiment. His selection was considered in >ome British cir cles as a compliment to the good sense of the British people who, it was stated, preferred a man of per sonality and achievement ,as Ameri can ambassador rather thnn a man of wealth capable of giving lavish and expensive entertainments. Another Water Route From Charleston to North San tee via Wando. Washington, Dee. 21.?As reported today the rivers ;m<l harbors bill car ries in addition to the appropriation of $20.000 for itiland waterway im nrovements from Charleston to Win Winyah bay, a provision for a survey to arrive at the practicability of a waterway between Charleston and th<~> Xc.rlh Santee river by way of Wando river. Washington. Pec 23.?It may be stated authoritatively that President Wilson will oppose in the most direct fashion proposals from -in;.- source to. sink the warships surrend-'red by Ger many. Officials have professed ?> know nothing of the president's atti-j rude until today. 1 A ) had Trott ?.n TBE TRUE 918. Vice 'President Marshal Endors es Plan for Permanent League of Nations. TREATIES BASED UPON JUSTICE IS THE REMEDY j Should Include Trade Agree ments Reciprocal in Nature, Just and Therefore Beneficial to All Parties. Carlisle, Pa., Dec. 20.?Vice Presi jdent Marshall in an address here to | night before the Carlisle Chamber of i Commerce, gave his views on some j Questions now under' discussion in i connection with the peace conference i prefacing his remarks with the ex I planation that he had no thought of { endeavoring to affect President Wii j son's negotiations. On the question of a world league or understanding to prevent war, I which he said, alb right thinking men ) agree is desirable, Mr. Marshall de clared that until all men are of good will wars will not cease unless na tions desire peace at any price. He said the allies and the United States could go very far towards promoting peact but predicted that unless trade agreements are made between these associated nations existing cordial re lations can not last. Urg g extension of the American merchant marine he voiced opposition to government ownership but declar ed it preferable to a ship subsidy. '?It is farthest from my thought upon this occasion to utter a single word which might in any manner be construed as endeavoring to aCect the negotiations of the president in Eu rope," said the vice president. "Too many haif baked opinions coming from myself and others in public life may cause mental and moral indiges tion. I speak, therefore only in gen eral terms and go oni> to the length ^ I ?hat all may agree. \ "That some league or understand ! 'ng among civilized peoples for the . j prevention of certain future wars (as , 11 prefer to put it rather than for the , j enforcement of peace) is desirable, all fright thinking men agree. It has been -the dream of all ages. Thus far, this dream of universal peace has each succeeding time turned into a night mare. "This appears to me to be the real (situation: If mankind the world over I is the mankind of a hundred years j ago or if ther e is the possibility that either England. France, Italy or the United' Statvs contains the growing germs of rr/iitary or commercial su premacy, then, though attempt may jibe made to preserve the peace of the i! world, the attempt will be another j failure. If, however, the masses of [! mankind in these four great nations and in the lesser nations, for whom jointly the fight has been made, have seen a new light and are convinced or the uselessness and folly of wars, and if more and more, education and en i lightenment as the days go by and the exonerations come and go, shall add to the number of those who thus think, then the experiment will suc ceed. / "Until all men are men of good will wars will not cease entirely, unless nations want peace at any price. Pre vention, as far as possible I desire, at any price, I do not. However, if mankind, as a whole, desire it at any \ price, they ca? get it by the adoption j of written constitutions specifying j first, that the size of the army and | j navy shall be fixed by a referendum I j to all the men and women of mature J jage, and second, that no war of offen- ? j se nor one of defense beyond the j 'territorial limits of the State shall j j ever be waged until affirmative!} ?- j I cided by a like referendum." I Stating that comm.rcial disputes | ! breed wars, Mr. Marshall continued: | "I have of course no means of; knowing what the renresentatives of I the allied government may be willing! to take up with the American peo- j i pie at the peace table, but I venture j ! the assertion that the good will which [ I now exists between the allied govern-, i ments and our own will not last five i years unless reciprocal trade relations, fixed in justice, are arranged between I us. Peoples learn slowly and soon i j forget. "The theory that men are going to! deal justly with each other regard- ? ,' less of a law to punish injustice is a ? '? millennial dream. The allies and j An ericr., by reciprocal trade relations ] ; and by the right of power and duty it* cut off commercial transactions! ? ith any people on earth that pro-' j poses to disturb the peace of the j world, can go very far toward pro moting that peace which we all just ; now sincerely desire. 'Vv'ithout knowledge, I express the 1 hope we will not let go by this op- i portune time for removing what will undoubtedly be a source of friction in the future unless dealt with speedily t and justly. i "If no equitable adjustment of the ? business of the world shall be made 1 then, as business men who are deep- ' Ijy interested' in the commerce of America you realize as well as I do i that its weakness in the past has been j the lack of ships upon the sea. , "Each of us knows that one of the i reasons for that lack has been the r way in which we have insisted that r our ships shall be manned. I think ] the La Follette law is wholly human itarian in its character. I hope that. < by international agreement, it may f become the law of the sea for all sen- ^ going owers. Buf if it does not then < we are confronted with three prop-'\ SOtJTKBON, E&tabHabed 3WU, VoLXLVH. No. 38. WILSON AGAINST Lord Northcliff Comes Out For! Open and Above Board Diplomacy. . WILSON'S POLICY MUST GOVERN CONFERENCE Deliberations of Peace Dele gates Must Be Conducted So That the World May Be Con versant With What is Going on. Paris, Dec. 20 (By the Associated . Press).?Lord Northcliffe, chairman, of the London headquarters of the British mission to the United States, who is visiting Paris today, gave to the Associated Press the following statement regarding his ideas as to the need of open diplomacy in con ducting the peace negotiations, so that the people may know what is go- . ing on: / I "Nothing can be worse for the prospects of the coming conference/* said Lord Northcliffe; "than an at- . mosphere of secrecy and half truths. ' Yet up to the present there has been no official statement that the mo mentous meetings about to take place will be -held in accordance with Pres ident Wilson's expressed views on the question of open diplomacy. "The days, of secret conclaves are dead and gone. Clandestine assem- . blies are the harbingers of intrigues, suspicion and possible deception. It would be intolerable that the fate of whole nations?great and small should be decided in secret. Shall the destinies of millions of people in \pS1 quarters of the globe be left to ther tender mercies of a comparative handful of delegates, against whose enactments there is no public appeal? Such would be mockery of that prin ciple of self determination of freed nations which has been fought for and won in this war. ? "Labor, upon which the great losses of life during the war have mainly. fallen, is larmed at the prospect ot great world plans being carried out without , its knowledge. It is reported from London that the labor party has sent a strong protest to our govern ment, which so far, has done notnihg: to allay public anixety on the sub ject. ...-^ "The British press and people may I be relied upon to support fully the ! president s enlightened expression of opinion as to the needs of publicity at I the momentous meetings expected to I begin in Paris on the sixth of January, j Surely the world has suffered enough j from secret diplomacy to realize thav 'medievalism of that kind is totally in compatible with the conception of a league of free nations. A great part ! of the president's popularity is due to j the knowledge that he is the father j of open diplomacy, which it was un j derstood would be the course adopted at the forthcoming sessions. I "We, having learned enough of 1 the evil of secrecy during the last four j and a half years, therefore, are alarm ed at rumors which have not yet been officially contradicted, that the doings of the peace conferences are to be wrapped in a black cloak of si j lence. So far as the United States is ; concerned I have been assured that {neither the French nor American gov j ernments will exercise any control j over the cables conveying news of ! the proceedings of the conferences ex>? cept such amount of control as is nec essary in rationing to each newspa per and news distribution agency, made obligatory by the fact that the Atlantic cables already are loaded be yond their capacity." Arms for Esthonians British Landed Supplies For Enemies of Bolshevikist. Copenhagen, Dec. 21.?While the British fleet was bombarding the Bolshevist forces near Reval on the Gulf of Finland, the Swedish fleet oc cupied Estonian waters, according to the Lr>zal Anzieger, of Berlin. Ad vices from Berlin say that the Brit ish v.-arships <l\d not land troops, but supplied Estonian forces with arms and ammunition. Big Military Reception Plans for Imposing Parade in London in Honor of Wilson. London, Dec. 21.?Arrangements ire being made for an imposing mili s.-v yo/?or?tion OTl ^Y\e occasion of the visit of President Wilson, accord ing to some newspapers. Munich, Dec. 21.?It is announced :hal the German national assembly irill meet at Frankfort on Main. Chief Burgomaster Vagt has gone to Berlin :o make arrangements for the meet ng. ^ >j itions: Kith--** to repeal the law or <?. subsidize shipping or to have *rov srnmental control of our merchant nar:he; conveying the produce of our nerchants to foreign shores without ?ny pro^; *0 the government of the Jnited States. "Inherently opposed to government >wnerrhip, T should nevertheless in inite'.v prefer it to subsidizing pri ate lines Thin question is one that ieserves our careful study and th^ -ery best of our honest judgmemt,"- 1