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DUTCH SHIPS SEIZED. ail \i:ssi:i.s in pout takia hy t N111 i> si \n:s. I'pon Holland'* Kcl'usnl. in I'mr sjf Threats lYom Hermans, to Pul Int.) I Hit i \ ol notary Aglvcmcnt tor Itcstnratioii of Merchant Mtirinc *o Normal Xotlvily President Wilson Order* HequlsiUnH of All ships in Amcrha?t.reat llritalu \< ts at Same Time in F/uro|>cnn Waters. W .ishingtnn. March Jo. - Ppon Hol land'M refumil In the face of Ccrm-m thteatn to put into ? ff#> t her \oluntary tiKreoment for restoring her mere haul marine to normal activity, tin- I'mted Htatea government tonight requisition? ed aU hutch ships in American wa? ter?. At the same tone t'.reat Hrit atn wan taking over Hutch vessels in MritiMh ports. A total of 77 ships of probabh Iff, 000 tons were added to the America l mintinit m.nine l.\ the i t>\U isltlon Ing. Another |hm aim (mis are put into the allied sei vice I,;, (}real Britain's action. .Most of them will be used in the i.I carrymg trade. I'i emdeoL \\ IsSOn*! pi 04 l.im.ition takliiR over the ships Was issued Only after word dually came from l/mdon Hi it Holland's delayed reply was a (ejection of the Hi it Ish - A inerican d" mand. The government had waited mote thin || hoins l..\oml the tun*' When Holl ind bsVd t-een requested to make a d? . ision to whether sh?* would ? hi, out the original pact or MUhmlt to requisitioning, l ivery effort wae made to avoid drastic action as transfer b\ Sgl PCO!COl was sought rather than by seizure, although the latter is an exercise of sovereign rights justitiell in international law. \s I tie . i, o ? lock tonight it was disclosed that President Wilson dur? ing the day had been informed of the delay In the Hutch reply with the re? quest that be indicate whether or not the requisitioning should prOOSSd, Hs de.ided to await the formal reply, which proved unacceptable, although under other < ouditions it Slight have serssjd as a basis for further negotia? tions. The SSSSJdsnl'f proclamation was issued liuinedi it. l\ authorising tin vy to take the vessels which will be ?UUipped and npm.itod by the navy dep. lit u i e 111 SSjd tin' Shipping board, the Hutch mews bsing Bgppleinented by American <avih in s nlms .ami na vul re Compensation will be mole to the owners as required by law. In I statement, Outlining the nego? tiations. I'm-o lent Wilson pointed out that tlie permanent agreement with the lmirh government had been blocke<l by Qermnny, despite the little kingdom's acute need of foodstuffs, for which the Sgl OS ISO! provided. A g sag et u ? agt soraoaf then was asga tinted to ltd. ,,vm UM emeia;em y and that. too. was held up by Piussian dipin For two months the pioposed agrOS infiits if. in diplomatic pigeon holes w'lhont ictlon ami meanwhih the piesubnt says. "I arin.iii thieat? have grown more violent " The final pro? posal to Holland was transmitted on rch 7 and set last Monday as* the time l>\ which a reply was wished. Palling to receive a favorable reply, the United Ptatea pteoesdsd it reejusn% tion the ships as dictated by military lll'l? I' Although the OhlpS have been t ikmi over without any formal ?glOSIIISnl. the Fnlted States propo ;es lo c m ", out scrupulously the terms ol tin orig nal pact Tiesnlent Wilson authorized to? night the following statement: ' Pm 10000 months the United BtOtOI and the entente alllt have been con? ducting nec.otuit urns with the Hutch gowMinunt with the? object of con? cluding ? general commercial agree? ment. "A very clear statement of the ?h.n acter of these negOtiStiOM was made on Mau t) J. to the Hutch parliament by his excellency, the minister of foreign affairs of Holland. As It ap? pears from the datement. the discus? sion proceded upon the basis of two fundamental propositions, namely that the Pnited States and the allies should facilitate the Importation into Holland of foodstuffs and other com moditles reunited to maintain hsff 000 nomle life and that Holland should restore her mm i hint marine to bei normal SSOldJtlOS Ol activity. "It was the lask ut the negotiator tn develop a specific application ol these propositions whiob would Pe ac ceptabie to the goverginients concern ed. ' Karly in Janu iry. l!?ls. Ihc SO gOfiatlons sssM tr? an undm t indlni which was emhodieii in a tentative agreement, which was submitted 10 the government! ? gsg erm.I in ordei that if geeeptable it might i.. mil fled. "The; nego^latlmm becoming pro lona?'d. the Hutch de)< U pi o|. iu order that their ships mi;-, lit ?.i l>S pllt Into imilUlie active :n > jee tbut Hutch I.M lying eile in Am. i e in gfgjIOffl should, with ccrtali sxcsptlon, be immediately chattered to the United States for periods not WlUfllnjj 10 days. Tili h proposal was teogpted by the United states govern* . ment. "This agreement provided, among other things, that 160,000 tons of Dutch shipping should at the discre? tion of the United States, 00 employed partly in the service of Helgian relief and partly for Switzerland on safe conduct to Getto, Prance, and that for eadl ship sent to Holland in the service ol Belgian rellel a correspond - i ing vessel should leave Holland for j the United States. Two Dutch ships j in the United States ports with car? goes of foodstuffs were to prOOOOd to Kolland, similar tonnage Doing sent in i'Nchlinuc from Holland to the United States for ohartOf M in the case of other DtttOh ships lying in the United States ports. ' The agreement was explllcttly torn* porary in character, and being design? ed to mOOt an immediate situation prompt performance was of the es? sence. The Dutoh government at one., declared, however, that it was unwilling or unable to carry out this chartering agreement which it had it? self proposed. The llrst desire of the United States was to secure at once ?hipping, as contemplated by the agreement, to transport to Switzer? land foodstuffs much needed by that State. One ditliculty alter another was, however, raised to postpone the . bartering of Dutch ships for Swiss relief, and, although the reason wai never formally expressed, it was gon Orally known that the Dutch ship owners feared lest their ships should bo deeroyed by German submarines, oejon though on an errand of mercy, and though not traversing any of the so-called 'danger zones' proclaimed by the Herman government. "in roopect of Belgian relief, the Dutch government expressed its pres? ent Inability to comply with the agreement on the ground that the Herman government had given Hol? land to understand that it would for? cibly prevent the departure from Hoi land of the corresponding ships, which under the agreement were to leave coincldentally for the United States. The Dutch government even fell it Slf Unable tO secure the two cargo. ^ Of fOOdStUffiS, which under the agree? ment it was permitted tO secure. since lo re again the Herman govern? ment intervened ami threatened to itsstroy the equivalent Dutoh tonnage which under Ihe agreement WHS to leave Holland for the United Slates. "Nearly two months have claps ? I since the making of the temporary chartering agreement, and the pro? posed general agreement has lain even longer without reply on the purl <>i Holland. Meanwhile, Herman threat have grown more violent, ?'? If] Man h 7. through Great Hi it? ain, a final proposal expiring on the IIth, was submitted to Holland. A re ply has boon received while in Itsel! IInaOOOptahjo, might under other con? ditions have served as a basis for further negotiations.. Hut the events 10 which 1 have alluded had served to demonstrate conclusively that we haVO beer? attempting to negotiate where UlO essential basis for an agroment, namely, the getting Of free wills, is al>sent. RVOU were ,4n agree ment concluded there is looking that power of Independent action which alone can assure performa nee. "1 say this not in criticism of the Dutoh government. I profoundly sympathize with the difficulty of her position under the menace of a mil? itary power Which has in every way demonstrated its disdain of neutral rlghta But, since coercion does In fact exist, no alternative is left to us but to accomplish, through the exer? cise of our indisputable rights as a sovereign, thai which Is not reason? able that in other circumstances we could be eonlident of accomplishing it by agreement, Steps are according? ly be taken to put Into our service Dutoh shipping lying within our ter? ritorial Jurisdiction. This action on our part and the similar action which is being taken by governments 08 ? m i,ted with us I aves tO Holland imple tonnage for her domestic und colonial needa We have Informed th Dutch government that her colonial trade Will be facilitated and that she may ;>t once send ships from Hol? land to secure the bread cereals which her people require, These ships gill be freely bunkered and will be immune from detention nn our part ihe liner \ieuw Amsterdam winch came within our Jurisdiction under an agreement for her return, will ol course, be permitted at once to |e I tum to Holland. Not only so, hut sin will be authorized to carr) buck with her two cargoes ol foodstuffs which Holland would have secured under the temporary chartering ngreement hud not Herman) prevented. Ample com* pcnsation will be paid to the Dutch owners ol the .ships which will he put into our service and suitable provis? ion |VlM be made |o meet tin pfl del ity of ships being lost through encmj notion, "H Is our earnest desire |0 sale guard to the fullest OXtent Hi*' lh I'm i of I lolland and of her nation als B] einreistng in thin crisis our i ImlttOd rltfht to conti ol all propsr ty within our territory, we <lo no wrong to Holland. The manner in Which We proposed to exercise this right and our proposals made to Hol? land concurrently therewith can not 1 believe, fall to evidence to Holland the sincerity of our friendship toward her. ? (Signed) "Woodrow Wilson." "I do therefore authorize and em? power the secretary of the navy to take over on behalf of the United states the possession of and to employ ill mich vessels Of Netherlands reg? istry as may be necessary for essen? tial purposes connected With the pros? ecution of the war against the im? perial Qorman government. The ires sels shall be manned, equipped and operated by the navy department and the United States shipping board as may be doomed expedient, and the United States shipping board shall make to the owners thereof full com? pensation In accordance with the principles of international law." Secretary Daniels announced that the naval order actually taking over the ships went into effect at 7.0"S o'clock. Through the bureau of navigation, the deportment began several days ago to concentrate on the ports Where the ships are lying, the naval reserves who are to form the new crews. Some of the Hutch sailors will be trsed ami the Others Will be kept in this country, if they wish, their wage being paid by the United States gov? ernment. SUNDAY ORDINANCES IN FM>H ENCE, In Kcfci-ctidiim Voters Indorse Ac? tion of Council in Passing Restrict lye Measures. Florence, March 20.?The election held in Florence yesterday, Indorse or reject the two ordinances recently passed under- the commission form of governnu nt which put a ban on the sale of merchandise or* other com modtties, other than medicines, Ice, newspapers ami Ice cream, under one Ordlnanoe, and the (diminution of all slot ami other gambling devices under the other- ordinance, resulted in the retention of both ordinances and here after Sunday will be Sunday in Flor? ence and games of chance and gam? bling will have the ban put on them by direct vote of the people. The vot ? was as follows: For repeal of the Sunday closing !I0, against repeal, o' to close all business 2<?L', for repeal of the ordinance relating to slot ma? chines ami gambling devices 85, against repeal oi- to put the ban ?VI them 80S. 11k.ii school DERATE. The South Carolina High School De? bating League. a few weeks ago, the University of South Carolina organized the High School Debating League, ah of the public High Schools of the State were invited to enter* the league. The schools ore debating in tri? angles. Sumter's affirmative goes to Columbia; bei- negative goes to Cam den. Columbia's affirmative ami Cam den's negative meet iir Sumter on Friday night at eight o'clock in the ?lrhV High School. The BUbjeot Of the debate will be Resolved, That Immigration to the United States .should be restricted by an educational test. This is a most interesting subject, particularly be? cause the hill providing for the test has recently been vetoed by the pres? ident, and passed over his veto, it was also vetoed by Presidents Clove land and Taft. The debate will begin promptly at eight o'clock. The audience should be seated at 7.56, so as not to Interrupt the speakers. Wisconsin SENATORIAL PRI m.vhy. i enroot this Small Lead of Thompson. Milwaukee, March 20.?Partial re? turns from sixty-two of seventy-one counties Including Milwaukee give I.enroot BO.d-BQ and Thompson r>4,76:i iir the Republican senatorial primary, i..moot is the loyal American candi? date ami Thompson i of the Lafollette faction. The outstanding feature of yester? day's loyalty primary were Rye fold increase m Socialist vote, the over? whelming victory of Joseph E. Davies for the Democratic senatorial nomine. ?ion and the olOSC l ice between hvin l.enroot, loyalist candidate, and Jam es Thompson, the UlFollotte candid to. Figures it noon show l.enroot m in talnlnH a small lead over Thonip on. HAKfljll FINISHES 1 NsPi'.ttm \. lias S4 ?on Ml of American Arm\ / no in France. American Arm) in France, Wednos? day, March 20, Secretary Baker to da) concluded the Inspection ol the American military zones in France, with Imp which took him from Hie Verdun sector to great headquarters. He addressed the otlicers of <. Ini cade ol the llrst division, as the rep ivsentative of the whole army* BRITISH ADMIRALTY PUBLISHES SECRET FIGURES. Submarines Have Sunk More Than Eleven Million Green Tons, Wbile Allies Have Built Six ami a-Hall Million Totll ami Seized More Than Two Million Tons of Enemy Ships. Washington, March 21.?The secret figures of the British admiralty on submarine lokses and world ship? building were made public today at the British embassy. They show that on January 1st allied and neutral shipping had lost since the war begun OVOr eleven million gross tons, while the shipyards were turning out six and a-haif million tons. liccauso ol* the addition of enemy ships, however, the net loss was reduced to a little over two ami O-half million tons. STATE BORROWS |1,500,000. South Carolina UctS Money Through Palmetto National Hank of Co? lumbia. Columbia, March 20.?The State of South Carolina, through its financial board, today borrowed $1,600,000 through the Palmetto National Hank, Of Columbia, on a 4.75 per cent, basis. 'I bus sum is needed by the State in order to tide it over the summer months until the revenue from taxes comes In this fall. The financial board, Which consists of GOV. Richard I. Manning, State Treasurer S. T. Car? ter and Comptroller General Carlton W. Sawyer, recently investigated finan? cial conditions in order to secure the best rate on the money which the board was authorized to borrow un? der the provisions of the 1918 ap propriation bill. The money was bor? rowed lor nine months. The board conferred with officials of the federal reserve system and with Northern bankers. Bids were opened by the board at 1 o'clock today, as follows: Palmetto National Bank*, rate of 1.7."?; National Hank ofSttmter, 6 per cent; two New York banks, a.50 per cent. The federal government is bor i owing money now at the rate of 4.50 I i p cent. New Knglaml States and Northern States are paying from 4.77 per cent, to 4.90 per cent, for sixty and ninety day paper. ' The rate of i.7.*? per cent, obtained by the finan? cial board for nine months Indicate! the high standing the credit tin State of South Carolina lias in finan? cial circles. Twelve Hillions Added to Our Debt. If the third Liberty Loan raises $??, 1)00,000.000) our national debt will haw grown during twelve months b> Ihe sum ?d' $12,000,000,0Q0, with ?'' ea11r\.ii:, rosI of approximately $500,* 000,000 a year. Staffstlcans estimate thai HUCh a war debt- will amount to about f? per cent, of the national wealth, and that the Interest on the debt will not be over A per cent of the OOUntry'S annual income. Comparing our situation in April with that of the leading European combatants, we hml lor them the following addition* during this war to their national debts: Great Britain, $23,000,000', O00; France. $15,000,000,000; Russia, 118,000,000; Italy. $6.000,000,000; Ger? many, $20,000,0*0,000 and Austria Efungary, $14,000,000,000. In the case of Great Britain, it is estimated that the new debt amounts to one third of the total wealth of United Kingdom. Germany's total loans in this war of $20,000,000,000 have all been issued at 5 per cent., so that sh< has already added $1,0(10,000,000 to her annual debt charge?live times the entire interest on her national debt in 1914.?From "The Progress of the World1 'In the American Review of Reviews for March, 1918. Indisputably a Phenomenon. "What is a phenonmenon ?" asked one workman of another. This en? lightening definition is quoted In Young's Magazine: "It Is like this: Suppose you were to go out into the country and see a held of thistles growing." "Yes." "Well, that wouldn't be a phenome? non." "No; that's quite clear," agreed the other man. "Hut suppose you were to see a lark singing away up in the sky." "Yes." ''Well, that wouldn't be a phonoill enon." "No; I hat aJso 1 reins elon r." "Hut Imagine there is a bull in Ihe th Id." "Yes." "Even that wouldn't be .1 phenome? non." ?No." ' Hul. now. Rill, look here. Suppose you saw that hull sitting on them thistles and whistling like .? lark well, that w<?uid be .1 phenomenon." Told Him What to Do. Mj cocoa's cold," strenly announc? ed the gruff old gentleman to the waitress. ?'Well, put your hat on then," she suggested sweetly."?Life* PUBLISH SPY NEWS. Government Consider* Proposal t > line Widest PuMiclty to Known Efforts pf Enemies. Washington, March 20.?To make the public generally a vital element in the government's spy traps is be? ing oonsidered by government officials who advocate abandoning the pres? ent practice of suppressing informa? tion of the activities of enemy agents and the substitution of ;i policy of I wide publicity. The theory of the new departure is that publication of details of at? tempts to hamper war production WOUld disclose clues of perpetrators not new available. Wide publication of all that was Known, of trfe cases, Officials contend, might attract atten? tion of citizens to what is going on around them and load to the appre? hension of the criminals. I Nearly all of the cases of sabotage at war plants show much ingenuity. Recently at a naval aase a rock-fill? ed dock blew up. The only material in sight was the rock Itself. There Was no evidence of pit nted dynamite. The Stone Itself seemed to have ex? ploded. Investigation showed that a quan? tity of calcium carbide had been mix? ed with the rock to which it bore a strong rosembblnee. Wide publication of that incident, it was pointed out might have at? tracted the notice ol persons who knew that some one had been pur? chasing calcium carbide and a clue might have been found quickly. GROWING MILK SHORTAGE. An Alarmin". Menace to Our Future Conditions. Washington, March 20.?One of the most disastrous offer ts which can come from the world war and one Which threatens the future life of the nation is the curtailment of the milk supply for- children, says a bulletin jUSt issued by the Children's Bureau of the United 'States Department of Labor. Milk is described as the in? dispensable food for children, arrd whenever the milk supply Ih limited the life and health of the people is im? pel i led. I The probable effect of the war' or the health and welfare of our chil i then is best learned front the ex ? perience of the Ehiropean countries ? it is to avert such conditions as now exist iu Kuropo that the Children's Bureau of the Labor Department h >I pointing out the necessity of increas Ing and conser ving our milk* supply. In order- to supply food to the al lies this country must prepare to fee* air ever- Increasing number. This car be done in two ways?by increasei i production or- by decreased use ol i food. Pood may be saved by eatlni less, by substitution, or by elimination ? of waste. None of these methods will Impair the health of the adult, But the child cannot have its food curtailed. Neither is it wise to at? tempt, except in the case of cereals. I substitution of foods, asserts the Chil? dren's Bureau. . Heforo the war the United States imported large quantities of milk pro? ducts from the northern European countries. Likewise our allies and particularly Hngland and Belgium de? pended to a large extent for dairy pro duets from these countries. Now this supply is completely shut off. The United Stales is compelled to not only give up its imports but must be a large exporter of these commodities to the allies. According to the bulletin of the bureau, the existing situation demands that the number- of milk cows must be increased in this country or- the en? tire world will face the calamity of milk shortage. The growing demands on the country for milk production has not been met by a corresponding increase in dairy herds. The per cap? ita milk production in the United United States is now only about one quart including that used for all pur? poses, it has not Increased since 1900 and, unless immediate steps art- tak? en to augment and CO ISSrVC the dairy Industry, it will fall rapidly. in Europe the milk cow has been I sacrificed on account of the scarcity of meat and the in: bility to get fod? der. Similar- condition-;, it is asserted now threaten the dairy industry in ibis country and, unless radical meas? ures are taken to prevent it. the same situation will obtain. It is an aston IshiiiM fact, the Department's bulle? tin .-hows, that the price of feed has increased recently from loo to 200 ,,er cent, while the price of mill; has 'advanced not more than 20 per cent. V? a war- measure immediate action is Inrfferative to save ami further tin country's dairy industry. FINANCE HILL PASSED. ItnUSC Votes for Administration Cor? poration Moss ware. Washington, March 2l.?The ad ministration bin to establish the war Una nee corporation paeeed the bouse terday. There weie oi ly two votes against the measure. NCRO SCHOOL WORK. Report Ott The Year's ll Uli Him By Supervisor of Rural Schools. We have come again to our year* ly celebr.i ion, and it is with pleasure and much gratification that we note the mark sJ encceea of the past year, due to thi splendid cooperation of the colored rachers of Sumter county. It would be ; rery difficult matter to And a more earnest and loyal set Of men and women anywhere, it has been a mis) winter. Times have been hard. The high cost of living ha* canned ell to make great sacrifice and we have often wished that our good friends could have known of the very great sacrifices by the teachers made on accou it of such small salaries, to uplift iui negro boys and girls of the rural dist iits. Much lime has been spent in the training <f the teachers this year, made possible by our demonstration rooms. .n every instance the train? ing has boen most acceptable by those who attended. We have not. the fur? nishings ere need but ail seem rather to work ./Ith a little, and he patient, waiting for a hotter time, than to have no place at all. A strong County Teachers* Associa? tion has been organised with the fol? lowing otlicers: President, Mrs. An? tue Saun''"rs; vice president. Miss Klizabet. 3rogdon; secretary, Mrs. Rosa Wilson; treasurer, Dr. Dragg Anthony. AH unanimously agree that it was bettor to place the work of the' county schools on exhibition at our demonstration rooms, 220 South Sa? lem Ave. We have had an institute this year teachers* meetings every first Saturday. All have been held at our demonstration rooms. "We cannot sufficient!* thank our county board ami friends, the ladies of the Oivic League, v ho have helped us and we ask them and others to help us get the neceet iry equipment so that Sum? ter Count, colored teachers may con? tinue to more thoroughly prepare thcmselv 1 for tin- work of lifting up. The tear lers have contributed to our commene ment and Field Day expens? es, the b tm of which will be re ported after our next Teachers' meet? ing, April Oth. Nineteen schools from ten districts have raised $475.00 for the extern ion of the school term, and a number of Red Cross auxiliaries or? ganized With more than $25.00 col? lected. Wo wouid feel safe in saying that the colored schools have raised ' since the middle of January between 1 live and :ix hundred dollars, t County Commencement, March 28, Thursday night, at Shiloh Raptist church, corner of Washington and Dingle streets, at which time we wilt tender a most interesting program, 1 tit we will have short addresses from hi. Ii. S. Wilkinson, president of the State college at < )rangcburg. Hon. J. Herbert Bramton, State agent for ne gt o scho< *s and Miss Emma J. Wil? son, pros lent of Mayesville Institute, a woman >orn and raised in this State and through her own untiring >3ffort3 h is brought to pass things that eny oi us ought to reel proud of. Wo hav a class of six whom we hope to present as having finished the three years' course of industries, and the Ith grade of the rural schools has taken :i literary test and made credit;.ble marks. On llaeejl St, we have our usual match to * ho Court House, where we will sing ur spiritual melody, offer prayer to I lod for having blessed us, and then we will be addressed by Rev. R. S. Truesdale, D. D., the pas? tor of Trinity M. B. Church. We feel highiy honored to have such a rich treat in Id re from one who needs no Introduction in Sumter for his name suggests ? lining, wisdom, ani cul? ture. We take this opportunity of thank? ing all for the hearty cooperation and support that has been given us. And we hope ea? h day to grow deeper and deeper in y< ur Interest and confidence that we may fully convince you of our purpose, to lift up humanity. L. Bragg Anthony. M. D. AM I .Kt CAN 11KUO CROSSES. GOB. IVrshing Approves Award of Honors lor lv\tiaordlnar> llravery. American Army in France. Tuesday, March 19. Hen. Pershing has ap? proved the ?w ird of the first of the new American military crosses for ex? traordinary heroism. The recipients ate Laut. .lohn Ogron, Sergeants \\ ill:..m Not ton. Patrick Walsh. These men also have leoolfod French war erosses. GES. WOOD <;FTS HACK. Landed Thi* Morning After Tour of lYorah Hat tie Crom. Atlantic port, March 21 ?Major Hen. Leonard W ood and .1. Franklin tteH arrived todaj from Fiance on a French steamship. Madrid. March 21.?Antonio Mura, I forme - pt nnier, and the eonserva ti\? leader bis been instructed by the king to forr; a new cabinsu