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FKKDIXG GAHHAGF TO HOGS. Discussion, at Conference on This sub? ject < hikmi hy i mImmI states r?HHi Administration, by Federal Otliclals. Meat Psokcrs und Ott????. On December 7. 1917, the United Htetes Food Administration called a meeting which was held in Chicago to obtain data in regard to the feed? ing of garbage to hogs. The meeting waa presided over by Mr. I. S. Osborn, at that time with the Food Adminis? tration. Among those present at the meeting were Dr. Lester 11. Howard, Commissioner of Animal Industry, and Dr. Bdw. A. Uohlll, Dr. O. H. Hess and Prof. W. J. Curmichael of that Bureau; George H. Shaw, F. G. Ash brook snd Dr. B, \V. Murphy of the United Htates Department or Agricul? ture; Dr. Geo. M. Rommel, chief of the Animal Huabundry Division, and F. C. Bamman, of the United Suites Food Adminiatration. Among those not connected with federal depart? ment* were college p ofessors. repre? sentatives of the packing Industry and others Intsrested. To one of these. Dr. Charles V. Chnpln. health offlcei of Providence. It. I., we are indebted for the following information. Before opening the discussion prop? er, Mr. Osborn called attention to what was being accomplished in tin way of conservation by the reduction process. He sold that twentv-nine cities with a total population of 17, 000.000 sre reducing annually 1,200. 000 tons of garbage from which is Obtained 70.000.UO0 pounds of grease and 175.000 tons of fertiliser tankage Varioua aubjecta were discussed as fOllOWa; Methods of Separation and Collection It wan admitted that a good deal of extraneous material, which is in? jurious for feeding, la frequently put Into garbage, and that much can be done by education to Improve this condition, particularly if city officials are earnest In their efforts. Peter B Qlbson of st L<> i h was particularly Insistent on the good which could be accomplished by education. Tin wrapping of garbage in paper wut eondemned If garbage is to he used for feeding. Frequent collection in tha aummer ia deairable in order tc have freoh garbage, but once or twlc< a week In the winter ia frequent enough from the feeders' standpoint The distribution of garbage in large cities to a nun her of fnrmera WBJ considered In manv cases desirable but difficult to accomplish for sanitary and other reasons. Municipul collec? tion la best, or, In place of that, a single responsible contractor. Dis? tricting a city among farmer* Is bad Garbage Fending and Health. Very little was said on this subject except by Dr. Chapln, who strongb urged that garbage disposal is a ques? tion of economics and comfort and eearrery affecting health at all. As regards the quality of the pork. h< baa never been able to find any evi? dence that it ia unwholesome or car rlee dlaeaae. He haa frequently eaten It himself and considers It us good as sny pork. No one present said any? thing against the wholesomeness ol garbage-fed pork. Value of Garbage as F<mhI. Very few definite statements were made. Thomas Home, superintend ent of the Worcester farm, said that it cost him $2.30 per ton to dlspos? of garbage by feeding and that each ton of garbage yielded $7.96 cenU worth of pork, leaving a net value ot It.ft. Select garbuge, like hotel garbage, ia very much more valuable In. Worcester Mr. Home does not get the beat garbage .Mr. Oitumitz sun thst twenty-five pounds of hotel garbage will make a pound of pork, making the garbage worth about $13.10 a ton. Prof. John \1 Kwaro lound that twenty-five pounds of cafe? teria garbage would product* on* pound of pork. Most of the Speaker* ware agreed that, m practice, cities oould not usually expect that the cost of collection conid be, entirely de? frayed by Die pr< tits of garbage feed Ing, though that has sometimes beer a< ( omplmhed. Market (Juuliiv or Hie Pork. There was lengthy and somewba; technical dtsWasstSSj of this subjec1 and as far as could ?,e determined by one who Ig not ir, sxpert, it wa agreed that garbage fed ROga, Og ac? count Of their large '.Hlb-:. shtml more In dressing than grain-fed am mala, and hence on live weight In m? a little less. Prof. Kiv.ud said tha he hsd experts rate garbage.fed pool in comparison with other pork (thi Identity of the pm k being unknown and that the garbage-fed pork was firmer and stood higher. It was SU| | geated that sonm Instances of poor quality of garbage- ed poi k WOTS tin reeult of feeding cooked garhig- t? animals closely online.i Character ol t elling Plant. There was a fsjed A ?! Of OgTI dsoDUsalon of this mbject but tin speakers were not ilu.i\* m gooofd Horn* advocated a wble range, par? ticularly with the larger anlm>N while otbsra believfd that thev could be handled bent in smnll groups, In Mim 11 enclosure* und with small shelters. Qood shelters generally were recommended, some advising small houses and sonn: large ones. The breeding sows should be in well lighted and heated houses. A sandy soil with good drainage is desirable. If hogs have a considerable range they should have shade. Some advo? cated a place to wallow, others did not. Methods of Feeding. All agreed that nothing is to be gained by cooking the garbage, but on the other hand it is harmful to do this, as the animals do not do so well. Some thought it pays to use enough heat to melt the the garbage in the winter, but noi to cook it, though others did not think this necessary. Most of the speakers believed that hogs do better on garbage If bred from garbage-fed animals. There was a good deal of difference of opinion as to whether animals should be fed on garbage exclusively, and it was agreed that more uccurate data are needed. Some strongly urged letting the animals feed from wooden or cement platforms. Others feed in troughs, and some are much in favor of troughs on skids which can be mov? ed from place to place. Charles H. Knight of Louisville raises hogs on a large dumping ground to which all of the mixed garbage of the city is hauled. He claimed that the hogs do very well indeed. Breeds of \nimnls. There was general agreement that much attention should be given to the breeding of the animals. There were no reports of using pure bred hogs for utilizing garbage, but it was agreed that high-grade animals should be used. Mixtures of Yorkshires, Jer? seys, Durocka, and especially Turn worths wero recommended. Atten? tion to breeding is considered one of the mo9t important elements of suc? cess. Disease? of (*ai bage-I V<1 Hogs. Although tuberculosis has been al? leged to be a serious menace to gar? bage-fed hofs. facts were presented to show that this is not so, and that tuberculosis is less common in gar? bage-fed animals than in animals which feed on skimmed milk, or which follow cattle. Mr. Horn said that of 100,000 pounds of pork only fifty-one pounds had been condemned for tuberculosis, on the other hand the incidence of this disease is very high in many western animals. Fig? ures were also presented to show that there was no excess of trichinosis In garbage-fed animals. The greater menace to hog raising at the present time is hog cholera. There was a great deal of technical discussion as to the nature and mode of this infection, and also as to the boat methods of vaccinating against the disease. All were agreed, how? ever, that it is entirely possible, at a moderate cost, to successfully vac? cinate a herd against hog cholera sj that the losses are of little moment. It was admitted that much of the vac? cinating is done in a slipshod manner and is not successful. More careful Federal and State control was urged. The general feeling of the confer? ence seemed to be that garlmge feed? ing is a desirable and economical means of garbage disposal. There are a large number of cities of small and moderate size where this method of disposal can bo undertaken imme? diately. Many target cities now em? ploying other methvods may find it de? sirable to make a change. The profit from garbage feedfjig can bo much In? creased when mone is learned about the best methods of feeding, of se? lecting h"ks. and of housing them. Much of tho SOOeeOS in hog feeding depends upon th/e ability and expert knowledge of thio man in charge. Municipal Journal. I.oss by SUBMARINES. \gaiii F.tghtccu British Merchantmen Sunk lA\Ht Week. lxmdon Manch 13.?The admiralty reports the lo*s by mine or subma? rine of IK British merchantmen in the past wee.;, anil one fishing vessel. Of these || were 1,600 tons or ever, and three under that tonnage. The uiTivals at ports in the United Kingdom numbered 2.04G; sailing. I,? Nii Merchu ntm* n unsuccessfully at? tacked, eighjL For the third time In as many weeks 1H British merchantmen hav ? noon destroyed through mine or sub? marine, In the previous week 12 of the vessels wort Iftons or OVCT, ?nd Sil under that tonnage, while ;n ,,>,, preoedlng week H of the vessel* *' ol mors than i,*;<><> tone, AFFIRM i? \\ 11,son's ME894AGK. ItiisHluta < ongrvs. \,|0,,ls HeaolUttOU of Agsjwoetntlon. London, Thursday, Mar? h IS Pre* Meal iWtlson*! n%?\ ig? ol u mp tthy for th?- Russian people wma rec< I with marked applause when It wen read tonight at lhe opealnj on ol the aii Russian Congress el . ?. M Tin? rnntfress- nil niedi;i1H\ Sdopted i insulation of appreciation. TO BUILD AT STATE PARK. Hoard Representatives Decide Ten- : tntivcly on State Reformatory for Girls. Columbia, March 12.?Tentative agreement to place the state reform? atory tor girls and the institutional school for the feeble-minded on the. 2,100-aorc tract of land at the State | Park, near Columbia, was entered into j tonight by the hoard of regents Of the State Hospital for the Insane, the board of the State industrial School at Florence, and Albert Sidney John stone, secretary of the State Board of Charities and Corrections, at a con? ference In the governor's ollice. The act creating a correctional ad ministration to govern the white boys reformatory at Florence, the re? formatory for negro youths in Lex-1 Ington county and the newly created reformatory for wayward girls has not been signed yet because of the luck of appropriation for the negro institution. This reformatory is now under authority of the board of the State penitentiary, but the act puts it under the jurisdiction of the refornia toiy at Florence, which has an ap? propriation for its maintenance only. Unless this defect in the law can be Overcome, Clov. Manning will not: sign the act, but will appoint a board of live for the governing of the girls' reformatory, as is provided In the act creating that institution. Final plans for the reformatory for gills can not be perfected until the governor ultimately decides what he intends to do with this act. Covernor Manning gave out the fol? lowing statement tonight in regard to the meeting of the three boards: 'The hoard of regents of the Stale Hospital for the Insane, the board of the South Carolina Industrial School at Florence ami a representative, of the State Board of Charities and Col? lections, at a meeting in my office to night, tentatively agreed to build the reformatory for girls and the institu? tion for the feeble-minded on the 2, 100-acre tract in Bichland County. They agreed to have a survey made Of this tract and this matter will be submitted to all three boarda^t a joint meeting to bo held in my ollice on March 81. These boards aie work? ing in harmony and perfect agree? ment." It was tentatively agreed that those employed at the negro reforma? tory shall continue in their present positions, but the act will not be sign? ed until all these arrangements arc perfected and tinally authorized by the board. "I Dr. Walter Cheyne has returned from a trip to Baltimore and New York. LIVE STOCK CONVETIOX. Stock Breeders' Association Wouldi 1*111 State on far With Western I suites. Columbia, March 13.?The south Carolina Live Stock Breeders' Asso? ciation, Which is in convention here, tonight reelected 1, Guion, of Lu-1 goff, president for the ensuing year, and elected the following other ofh-i hts: E. w. Durant, Jr., Charleston, vice president of the beef cattle de? partment; R. M. Cooper, Jr., Charles-J ton, vice president or the dairy cat? tle department; Zed U Williams, of Columbia, vice president of the hog department, and Thomas Q. Lawton, of Qamett, secretary and treasurer. Tin- following committees were ap i pointed to oullne a cooperative plan lo increase food crop acreage and meat production and to cooperate with the' .State Agricultural Department and the extension department of Clemson College; J. A. Shan kiln, W. \v. Bar? lton, R. L. Shields, George Y. Hunter I and L. I. Gulon, to confer with the' hankers and oil mill heads of the ; i State relative to membership; to pro? mote the vvork Of the association, Dr. IW. W. Long. R. M. Cooper, Jr., T. B. jStackhouse, R. W. Durant, Jr., Thomai a. Lawton and L. I. Oulon. The keynote of today's sessions was the contention of the promulgation of pure breeds in cattle so as to reach 'full production in the present crisis, putting South Carolina on tha same basis as the cattle-producing Slates of the West, and to urge greater pro? duction of pork. Among those who delivered ad? J dresses were QOV. Manning, President iGulOn, Prof. Dan Gray, of the A. and M. College of North Carolina; Supt. t ICurrian, of the Pee Deo experiment college; Zed L. Williams, of Columbia; I Dr. R. O. Feely, State veterinarian ol Clemson College; W. BL Carton and S. (? Stewart. More than seventy-five breeders are in attendance on the 'convention from this and other States. The COncuding session will be held j tomorrow morning. FLOUR RATION PROPOSED. Food Administration May Put Smith on Six Pounds Per Month. Washington. March 10.?Further limitations of the consumption Of wheat products in the South will be asked by the food administration if the experiment of confining the Hour ra? tion to six pounds monthly, begun to? day In Texas, proves successful. The I , South is such a large user of other ?cereals than wheat that the addi? tional curtailment of the sale of wheat. J will not w ork a hardship, it is doelnr !ed. ' JAMES STILMAN DEAD. Well Known Financier Gave Three Hundred Thousand Dollars to French Charities. Now York, March 15.-?James ! tin? man, chairman of the board of the National City Bank and one of the': most famous bankere in the c ity, died j of heart disease late today at liisj home in this city. He had been in ; poor health for eeveral months. Mr. Stillman was born it Browns-j vi lie, Texas, in ls.r>0, but his youth was spent at Hartford, Conn., and in a private school at Omining, N. Y. He began his business career in New York in 1871 as a partner in the cot? ton commission house of smith,' Woodward & Stillman and always re? tained his interest in the firm. He was elected president Of 1 le National City Hani-; in i sl and continued in that position .until L908 when he was made chairman of the board, lie was 11 director in many railroads, financial and insurance corporations. Mr. Stillman always had been deep-' |j ly interested in France and had given \ more than $300,000 to her war chari? ties Since She was invaded by Cor jmnny. Because of his interest in re? lief work, in* was appointed a mem-1 her of the advisory committee of the American Bed Cross. Mr. Btlllman's hrst large henefac-1 tlon to Prance was a gift of $100,0000] In 1005 to establish prises for the school of line art in Paria in 1008 he gave another $100,000 to the Paris !School of Fine Arts. For the part he took in floating bond issues during the Busso-.Jnpanese war he was decorah d with the order of the rising sun h' the emperor of .la pan. BATTLE AT VERDUN. Violen! Artillery Fire Reported Along W hole Front. I j Paris, Friday, March It.?Violent ! art)llery hie along the whole front, especially on the Verdun region, is re? ported in the official ' statement to? night. A German raid in the Lorraine was n pulsed and a large number of bombs have been droppd on the Qermanj positions by French aviatcrs. _ RUSSIANS MURDER JAPANESE. - One Hundred ami Fifty Reported Killed in Amur Province. London, March 16.?The Maxi? malists in Siberia have murdered one j hundred and fifty Japanese in Amur Province, according to a report print-I led in the newspaper Hoch Bhlmbun and forwarded by Reuters Telegraph Company, Limited. DCTCII SHIPS HELD. SniHS Will Im Permitted l<? Leave AmerftcM in ns Pending Iffgelid turn. Washington, March l?.?With tha reception of two steamers, the Uhftod States is holding all Dutch ships now hi American ports to prevent their esc4 pe [lending their probable requisition on Monday, xo more hanker llcenfe * will he issued for their sailing, it was learned, until they are taken OOer, either by com.nan 1 oering or negotiation. MORE CONCRETE SHIPS. May Aid in Solving Long PasSSC. Washington, March 15.? Reinforc? ed concrete hips apparently are about to take ;i large place in the so? lution of the si |p bl ilding difficulty v. Inch lies SCI m the path to victory over Germany. Chairman Hurley of the shipping hoard telegraph e l the builders of the E?,000 ton ooncrete vessel which was launched successfully on the Pacific Const yesterda: to report immediately what were tin prospects for laying dowtl addition 1 hulls and what time would he required. An early test of the new ship res requested to settle remaining qua Lions as to her strength ond behavior In a heavy sea. A report on the launching said that the belief had been strengthened that concrete construction could he depended upon. An Important question remaining to be derided be re concrete ships will be approved government officials is what will I*;* effect of salt on the concrete and o 1 the iron reinforcing. Pour eonere ? shis of .1,500 tons have been authorised by the shipping board as an experiment and designs j for them are being completed. One will be built r t Brunswick, Oa? one at San Francisco and the others at yards to be selected later. If the .">, ; 000 ton vessel, which was constructed for private owners, proves successful, the smaller stae will be abandoned In i the future by he shipping board and j perhaps even x 7,500 ton craft con? structed. Many advantages have been found by the shippim- board in ooncrete con? struction, the most important being that after the forms are laid down, hulls can be turned out in 60 days or less, as compared with six months fog wooden ships of the same size. Ti e cost of concrete is only 10 per cent, of steel and the weight of the" Mi IT ? about the name as of wood. Mrs. J. H, Molliday has gone to WrightsviHe, X C, for a few weeks stay with her mother and father. You Are a Patriotic Farmer i You will make every acre produce its ut? most in food crops, cotton and tobacco, all greatly needed by our country. You will best serve your country and yourself by fertilizing each acre liberally with 'S R 1^aneer FEiTILIZER S "ITPAYS TO USE THEM" There is a national cur and labor shortage. Delay is dangerous. TODAY Manufactured by SWIFT & CO. FERTILIZER WORKS ATLANTA, GA. CHARLOTTE, N. C. Factories: Atlanta, Albany, LaGrange, Moultrie, Savannah, Ca. WILMINGTON and GREENSBORO, N. C, CHESTER and COLUMBIA, S. C ask your dealer or write us. W1FTS ERTIUZERS YSTOUSCTHU