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kSTATE COUNCIL MEETS. i'OUNCUi ADDRESSER BY GEN Tuotter or nRM ahmy. Council of lH?fcnsc lUHxminiomls Drastic Treatment of (?crmnn Spie?. Columbia, March 8.?The State Council of Defense at Its meeting yesterday morning went on record by the adoption of a resolution respect? fully suggesting that the war depart? ment use more drastic measures m dealing with spies, or others who gu ? aid and comfort to the enemy. An interesting talk was also mad > before the body by General Trotter, of. the English amry. Accompanying Oen. Trotter were Major Humph? ries of the English army, General Melver and Major Ahrens of Camp Jackson. The introduction of the military others war, made by Gov. Manning. This was the first meeting of the State Couticil since it waa frranted recognitior by the legislature at its recent sew Ion, und many routine mat? ters were discussed. In attendance were It county chairmen, adn 14 members of the organisation. Some discussion was given to the formation of county councils, and the encouragement of the State body was promised to this end, although, as was stated by the chairman, it is a matter of the enterprise of the In? dividual counties, and not what can be done by the State council. The re? ports from the shipbuilding bureau, the food bureau were heard as was the discussion of the means to eradi? cate the existing adult Illiteracy in this State, following the addresn of atlae Julia Vehlen. The subject of night schools was discussed from sev? eral angles. A resolution was Introduced by Capt. J. K. Wannamakcr and adopted by the body, asking that owing to the vast Increase of freight that Is be? ing handled by the railroads, that all shippers, be requested to mark all goods plainly, and that further, the railroad officials make an effort to eliminate the roughness and careless aces with which the freight is handled by the employees In moving it from glace to place. The resolutions as in? troduced was as follows: "Our country Is at war, and on that account unusual, extraordinary ana unprecedented demands are made up? on the railroads; taxing them to the utmost to meet war requirements and to carry on the business of the coun? try; therefore. Resolved that it bo hoovee every loyal and patriotic clti aen to do everything In his power to Conserve our railroad facilities. With this end in view, "Resolved that we urge the general public to cut out unnecessary travel? and all travelers to get on and off trains promtply; all consignees to un? load and release cars with all possible dlspa ch. That we urge shippers to mark plainly all freight and express. Using tough, strong shipping cards when necessary "Resolved that we request all rail? road agents and employees to handle with more than usual care all freight and express. That we urge all depot agen's to send forward with prompt? ness all freight and express matt' v received; that if sufficient help Is not furnished to said agents to handle with dispatch all shipments of goods, that we respectfully request railroad officials to provide the necessary help. That if labor Is still not avi liable that we respectfully request the federal authorities to furnish the labor, e\en If the draft must be resorted to, "Reeolvod. That we earnestly urge the most hearty cooperation bctw?eu all roalroad officials, employees on 1 the genera I public to the end that we may contribute materially to the win? ning of the war." Gen. Tratter spoke at some length on the vulue of discipline to any peo? ple, and tie greut importance that it would play in the winning of the w <r. "Discipline is the keynote to any ac? complishment, und Mill be the cure of the mattet in the winning of the pres? ent war. Iiook what Germany has ac? complished by the inc.ins of an e'h rient discipline A German miht r officer Is nothing more nor I? * than a slave driver, but it is one form gf discipline. When I am tu?ked nt sa] lime to say a few Wards' I always make It a point t<> Cmphaetai the im? portance Of discipline. " The general also called attention to the fact that there must be disci, ! n off of the battlefields us well its m the trenches, and that the p policy of the government galled Just such discipline, in which v\ i called upon t ? gg ggf part He fur? ther emphasised the value of dice P line in any line of ende ivor. and de? veloped the the great amount of good it could hri*g about in this day and time. He also Hated that discipline tempered with kindness would accom plksh Just us much benellt as th i% which was brought about ??v force. The council dec ided to register all hoys In the Stato for service, s. H ? Mmuii.l-v superintendent ??r the pub he schools of Sumter, was placed in HUNS MURDER ELEVEN. AIR RA1BKRS MARK XIGIIT AT? TACK ON LONDON. Many Bombs Dropped on Sleeping City, Wrecking Hqhu und lvilliu", nnd Wounding Men, Woim'n and Children. London. March 8.?Eleven persons were killed and forty-six wounded in last night's airplane raid over Lon? don, according to the latest police re ? ports, says the official announcement. It is feared that six additional bodies are in the ruins of houses. Six or eiRht planes participated In tho raid, one of them reaching London, where j it dropped bombs in the northwest j I and southwest districts of the city. KNTFRS FIFLD WORK. Dr. Murchison Goee With State Coun? cil of Defense. Lancaster, March 6.?Dr. Hugh R. Murchison pastor of tho Lancaster Presbyterian church, has been secur? ed by the State Council of Defense as field representative for a period of six months, commencing this week. He left Wednesday for Columbia to attend a meeting of tho executive committee, which will map out a cam? paign for him. He will visit each county of the State, delivering patriot? ic addresses, assisting in the forma? tion of county organizations in thooc not yet active In the movement, preaching to the soldiers and sail? ors in the camps and in every way working to promote cooperation of the public in the^ great task of win? ning the war for freedom and de? mocracy. Arrangement? will be made for a theological student from Columbia Seminary to supply the pulpits of the two churches of which Dr. Murchison li pastor, the Lancaster church and tho Douglas church, during his ab? sence. Dr. Murchison is a man of unusual ability and force as a public speaker, and his selection by the State Council of Defense :s a wise one. ALIEN* DRAFT ACT. Aliens In America Will be Ordered to Register. Washington, March 8.?By unani? mous vote a favorable report on the administration bill to give effect to alien draft treaties which may here? after be negotiated, including those with Great Britain and Canada al? ready signed, by authorizing the president to order the registration oi aliens, was ordered today by the sen? ate military committee. VAUGHN GOES TO PRISON. Soldier Convicted of Attempt to ( ash Forged Check. Greenville, March 7.?Private Roy K. Vaughn, Company B, 118th in? fantry, from Anderson, has been con? victed by a general court martial o:' being absent without leave and of having attempted to cash a forge 1 check and of presenting a simulated pass, and been sentenced to confine? ment at hard labor for three yean in the disciplinary barracks at Fort Jay, N Y., forfeiture of all pay and I allowances for the period and dis honorable discharge from the servlc* on completion of the term. British Casualty List. London, March 8.? For the first week of March British casualties were 3,34 3, the lowest of any week for sev ? eral months. Harbin, Thursday. Feb. 28.?An agreement has been reached between the consular corps here, railway of? ficials, and the Chinese custom serve to permit the export of foodstuffs DJ way of Irkutsk and Vladivostok, and also for the shipment of Manchurian products to Vladivostok for export to the allies. charge of this department. The Kev. llu?h B. Murchison of I^ancaster was appointed as Held secretary of the organization, his church at Lancaster having released him for this purpose.! Following an addrcs OB "Adult II-I literacy" hy atlas Julia Beiden the] |SJ - non of illiteracy was dlCCUBacd thoroughly by the mtuibtri of the OOUndl and the estutdishment of night BehOOil was recommended as a nil mi 10 rombat the evil. The resolution which was Intro? id b] l> K. Coker and adopted as Ihe Sl use t?f the organization was in lest BS follows: "\\'Im reae, Tiw South Carolina Council of DenfeiMM beltevee ihat it reflects the intelligent, patriotic opin? ion of Ihe oHtaenehlp ??< Boulh Co roll? na it respectfully suguests to th?> war oopuftmeni that u use more drastic maasores with German spies end in? cendiaries. Ws behove Imposition of the death penalty for flagrant offen? which give eld ami comfort t<. our ? nemies would decrease the commis sion of such crimes end aid in tii" winning of the war." HIGH TRIBUTE TO WILSON. EARL READING BAYS ENGLISH? MEN KNOW THEY CAN BUILD UPON WORDS OF Tin: PRESIDENT. England's Special Ambassador Dwells Upon Bond of Higher Moral E'e vatiou. New York. March 7.?A high trib? ute to President Wilson way paid by Karl Heading, Great Britain's spociai ambassador to the United States, In an address here today in the pres? ence of 1,200 members of the Mer? chants' Association, which gave a luncheon at which he was guest of honor. Asserting that he doubted whether it was realized in Europe how signal was the moral force in this country in the prosecution of the war for lib? erty and "a higher moral elevation for humanity," Earl Reading declared of the president: ,"No human being has the faculty of stating in betver language the true nature of those ideals than your pres? ident who speaks for you. We in Eu? rope * * * know that the words spok? en by your president are words upon which we can build. We do. They nre messages of hope and comfort to us." Earl Reading dwelt upon the bond of sympathy established between the United States and Great Britain as the result of the desire on the part of both nations "to attain a higher moral elevation for humanity." He told, with evident emotion, of the great sacrifices already made by Great Britain and France .adding, "I pray that your sacrifices never will be as great as ours." Earl Reading said Great Britain had put her all into the struggle? treasure, labors, tmd many lives? and that there could bo only one re? sult, the triumphs of the allied cause. He extolled the character of the American people, their love for justice and liberty, and asserted that the United States, "apart from all its great resources and the moral inspira? tion it has been to the allies, has clar? ified our vision for us." "Every man that you send over is more than one American," he con? tinued. "He is more than one soldier going to the trenches; he is a mes? sage from you to us 'over there,' to be of good cheer, to remember that, after all .there is a population of 110,000,000 behind him." CONSERVATION AS THE DOCTOR SEES IT. I The Conservation of Meat la Urged for Reasons of Health, No Ix*ss Than of Patriotism. Tho time is passed when intelligent people give the baby a piece of fat bacon to suck, and fed themselves on food soaked in grease; they would be horrified by a suggestion so frought. with the idea of the slums and the mountain fastness of Kentucky. But in 'metropolitan restaurants and din? ing rooms they still include in a single meal such foods as oysters, tish, game, roast, and cheese. "One-half the peo? ple in Christendom," uccording to Dr, Henry Smith Williams, the distin? guished scientist and physician who contributes the "Science" section of Hearst's Magazine for February, "ahorten their lives by over-eating or by perverse eating." And most of this perversity in tho American diet takes the form of an over supply of animal protein. Just how dangerous this j kind of gormandising can be la 11shown by the fact that 350,000 death In the United States each year can be traced to this cause?an increase of forty pgr cent, in the last twent; years. The study of the faults and the remedies of the American dietary is especially valuable at this time ot tho urging of conservation for the sake of national welfare. The appeal of tho Food Administration || rein? forced by the judgment of a medical expert, whose evidence and conclusions no one can afford to ignore. Columbia, March 8.?Maj. Georg? L. Peterson, former paymaster of th< North Carolina National Guard, now a major in the quartermaster's corns at Camp Jackson, who Is wanted In Raleigh, N. C, to answer a charge Ol embezzlement, according to an an? nouncement made last night by Brig. Gen. George W. Melver. commander of Camp Jackson, will be turned ov? ? to the proper ClVll authorities who Will take him l ack to his native Btab for trial. London? March B.?Japan, accord? ing to a dispatch from Tien Tsin to tbe Daily Mall, is reported to luv Intimated thai she will welcome Chi? nese cooperatln In the event extreme measures are found necessary in Si? beria, thus desiring to demonstrate her unselflahm ?, N'orthcliffe abuses Britain ami bootas America. Teddy hosts Amerl . i and blows for Britain. And yet to swap one for t'other would be to Cheat all hands Columbia Record. GOING OVEii THERE. IROOPS AND supplies MOVE ON sciieirle TIME. Men ami Equipment Going to Per* elilng In France In steady Stream ?May Mean Action in West When Mud Dries. Washington, March 7.?Troops and supplies for General Perching** forces now arc moving to France on sched? ule time, it was learned today on high authority. While figures may no i>e published, it was stated positive!) that transportation requirements o: the army are being met by the ship? ping board, and the immediate situa? tion as to ships was described as sat? isfactory. In view of this assurance that the United States w?l] be able to maintain its place as a f.fn ting unit on .the battle front roports from the Western front are be'.nc scanned more eager? ly than ever before by officers lu re foi the first signs of the 1918 campaign. It is felt strongly that the opening ol major operations in what President Wilson has predicted will prove the decisive year of the great war will not be much longer delayed. Mud had been the determining factor of many previous Western front operations. So long as the ground is soft with the winter raine, it is impossible to move forward great guns and necessary transport to sup? port an advancing line. Even in Flanders indications this year are that the ground will harden early In spring, permitting either side to un? dertake the enterprises planned. In previous years April has seen of? fensive operations set in motion by the allies. For that reason many of? ficers here seem to anticipate raiding and minor actions before the middle of next month which will show in themselves that the ground is being mapped, Information obtained and lo? cal strategic advantages established by one side or the other in prepara? tion for a great effort. To others it appears probable that no offensive will be undertaken on any considerable scale before May 1. They found that view on reports that the French offensive In 1916, started in April, proved to be at least two weeks too early. The guns and trans? ports could not be brought forward to consolidate all the ground the troops were able to wrest from Ger? man control. Meanwhile during the last few days there has been less discussion of a German offensive on the Western front. There are observers here who have never been convinced that the Germans actually intended to attempt another drive at the channel ports or at Paris. To these olllcers the ad? mitted concentration of German forces has seemed a defensive rather than an offensive step. They believe that the German general staff fore? saw a great allied effort this year and were moving to offset it. While much has been said both of? ficially and unofficially of an expected German offensive, nothing as to prob? able aggressive measures by the al? lied forces has come over the cables. This fact has attracted particular at? tention because of the reiterated of? ficial declarations that the allied line out matches the Germans in gun and man power and in view of the forma? tion during the Winter of the supreme war council designed to make the warfare more aggressive on the part of the allies and the United States. Billions Increase in Prop Values. The value of farm products of the United States for year 1917 reached tho tremendous and unprecedented sum of $19,44:1,849,000, an increase ol more than six billion over the values of 19iC and almost nine billion more than 19 in. The department of agriculture has just issued a preliminary estimate for last year showing crop values of $13, CIO.463,000, representing 70 per cent of the value of all farm products for the year, and $5,883,186,000, the val? ue ol* animals and animal products of our farms. By far the greatest and best cus? tomers of the farmers of the country now are the United States and our Ailies. The money used by all ot these governments in purchasing the products of Amer'ean farms is raised hy the sale of Liberty Bonde. Par! Is spent hy the United States itself qnd part loaned to our Allies. In lending to the United Slates. therefore, the American farmer is simply enabling his best cuetomers to purchase his producta and receiving in return the best security in the world. Good bus IneSS as well as patriotism UrgCS the furmers of America to liberally sup? port the financial undertaking ?>f tho govoi nment. Stockholm, Thursday. March 7.? American consul at Holstngfors, Thornwell Haynes, has advised the American legation bete that be is leaving the Finnish capital Friday with twenty American residents. Many American refugees are at Abo and I tjornsborg IM? BILL PASSED. APPROVED PRACTICALLY l\ SENATE FORM. Compromise On Hates?President to Act With Possibility of Review by Interstate Commerce Commission. Washington, March 7.?Final agree? ment on the administration bill to govern federal control of the railroads was reported today by senate and house conferees. Leaders hoped to? night to have the measure ready for the president's signature I y Saturday, although this plan may l?e upset by opposition In the house to the rate making section giving the interstate commerce commission power to re? view rates after their Initiation by the president. With the exception of limiting federal control to 121 months after peace is declared, and provid? ing for the taking over o? ohort line railroads, the bill as hnally agreed up? on is virtually the form it passed the senate. The principal dispute be? tween tho conferees was on rate fixing. Under the house draft, the president was given complete power to fix rates while the senate left the power with the interstate commerce commission. Failing to compose their differences, the conferees today adopt? ed a compromise agreement drafted by Senator Robinson of Arkansas, un? der which the president is authorized to initiate rates subject to review by the commission. In determining the fairness of the rates, the commission is required to take into consideration the fact that the carriers are being operated under unified control and that such readjustments in rates a?* are proposed are for the purpose ot obtaining additional revenues. The house provision bringing under federal control all the so called short lines wdiich either connect or compete with roads already taken over, wan accepted by the conferees, who also inserted in the bill a provision limit? ing the rate of taxation of railroad property in the various States to a rate no higher than that for the year previous to taking over of the roads. The adoption of a provision ItxUH the period of government, control af? ter the war at 21 months was a com? promise between the corferees, the senate having fixed the time at IS months and the house at two years The compromise substitute for the rate-making section, drawn by Sena tor Robinson of Arkansas follows: 'T.Mat during the period of fedora! control whenever in his opinion the public interest requires the presidenl may initiate rates, fares, charges classifications, rgulations and prac? tices by filing the same Sith the in? terstate commerce commission, whlcr said rates, fares, charges, classilica tion regulations and practies shall no be suspended by the commissior pending final determination. "Said rates shall be reasonable an( just and shall take effect at such time and upon such notice as he may di? rect, but tho interstate commerce commission shall, upon complaint, en? ter upon a hearing concerning the justness and reasonableness of so much of any order of the president as establishes or (banges any rate, fare, charge, classification, regulation or practice of any character under fed ' eral cdntrol and may consider all the facts and circumstances existing at J the time Of the making of the same. In determining any question concern? ing any such rates, fares, charges, classifications, regulations or prac? tices or changes therein, the inter? state commerce commission shall giv? duo consideration to the fact that the transportation systems are being operated under a unified and coordi? nated national control and not in competition." The remainder of the section em? powers tho president to certify to the interstate commerce commission the necessity of increasing the income of the railroads and directs that the commission shall take into considera? tion "such recommendations as he may make." TWO TO ONE FIGHT. Fi\o Americans Whip Ten Germans, Killing Two and Capturing Two. With the American Army in Prance, Wednesday. March ".?An American patrol of five men three nights ago out-fought an enemy pa? trol of ten men. They i iel in n*o Man's [And and the Americans open? ed fire. There was a lively skirmish for three minutes, aftei which the enemy retreated, leaving tw0 dead and two wounded Ravariana, who were made prisoners. The American patrol returned to their own lines without receiving a scratch, San Juan. P. R., Match 8.?Ten thousand canefleld laborets in the eastern end of the island are on Strike, Causing the closing down of thre su? gar centrals. Tin- men declare they are tired of waiting for action by la? bor officials at Washington, who were tr determine whether or not a gen? eral strike should be called, PARTIAL CENTRALIZATION OF BUYING FOR RAILROADS. Director Gcassial MrAsToo Announces Pleas fOT Divisions of Purchasing a nil Finn .vice. Washington, starch 7.?Partial cen? tralization of the purchasing of be? tween ,0?O,uu? and $2,000,000, uuu worth of railroad supplies and equipment this year under govern? ment supervision is involved in a plan ior organl ing the railroad adminis? tration divisions of finance and pur? chase, announced tcday by Director General II :Adoo. John Sk iton Williams, as head of this division, will be assisted by a central ad isory committee of three expert railway purchasing agents and regional purchasing committees will be create< f *r the Eastern, Western and South' rn operating regions. Through the central organization will be bought locomotives, cars and steel rails, the principal big quantity purchases of railroads and an effort will be made not only to economize by wholesale buying methods, but to standardize equipment and supplies. Coal ana other fuels will be bought mainly by individual lines to supply their individual needs but under the superviete of the regional commit? tees. In NOW England fuel is to be purchased by a special committee. Crossties and lumber are to be bought principally by the roads along their own lines. "All other supplies needed for cur? rent operations will be purchased for the time being" says Director Mc Adoo's statement, through the pur? chasing department of the respective roads, bu\ all contracts for periods of six month ? or longer must be approv? ed by the regional committee before completion." As far s possible vail purchases will be centra 1 zed and the regional com? mittees are to draft recommendations for the accomplishment of this. In ad? dition th three regional bodies will be expected io report details of costs and contracts to the railroad adminis? tration With a view to giving all roads the advantage of efficient methods which may have been developed. Railroad administration officials be? lieve thai eventually they can save more than $100,000,000 a year by cen? tralized purchasing. Members of the central advisory committee and the regional commit j tee will he appointed soon, and will be practical purchasing ?agente---or? vice presidents of railroads. The re? gional boo;os, to be composed of three or more, are to have headquarters in New York, Chicago and Atlanta and ' are to w k in close cooperation with the regional rail executive directors < with head iuarters in those cities. Iq his capacity as director of fin? ance for Ute railroad administration, Mr. Willlame also will be assisted by another advisory committee of three railroad financiers, one from the North, or.'.' from the West and one from the ?outh. These men will serve without pay and will help "in( the work of investigating and providing plans to meet the financial require? ments of the railroads." Mr. Williame and his advisers will administer in a general way the dis? position of about $4,000,000,000 repre? senting the gross earnings from op? erations l a year. In the past requirements for new capital to pur? chase equ.pment and making better? ments anii additions have been be? tween $20),000,000 and $750,000,000 a year depending on business activ? ity and money market conditions. PARTNERSHIP TAX RETURNS. Net Iivcor.es in Excess of Six Thou? sand Dcilars arc Taxable?Forms Secured I pon Application. Columbia, March 8.?P C. Hey? ward, coll ctor of intern:*, revenue, state' yesterday t?:at he hoped all partttsrshl a would bear in mind the fact that artnerships of every de BCliption V ith a net income of $6,-000 or more for the calendar year 1917, are required by the war revenue act of Octobei t, 1917, to file Income tax return on form 1102. These forma can be se ured by application to the collector ; nd returns must be filed not later than April 1, 1918. The col actor's office is also in re? ceipt of "xcess profits tax return forms for individuals, form 1101, and the collector requests that all indi? viduals that have a net Income ex? ceeding $6.000 immediately write him requesting such returns, which will be promptly forwarded. The time for tiling all of these returns expires April 1st and Collector Heyward does not expect any extension of time. Washington, March I.?Tentative steps to re< dOC the "extortionate" dif? ferential in the price of corn paid by consumers and that received by pro? ducers ha s been taken by the food administration. Officials refused to in? dicate arttether they had in mind as? suring the farmer of more money or the public ol lower prlcea