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1\t 8Mtf c?man an? jStratjjrcrii PnbUuftMNl Wednesday and Satnrda _ ?BY? OflTKCN IT II I. is HIN? COMPAN1 SI M l I ll, 8. C. Ttrmi: ? I.50 per ?0110111?in advance. Advertisements. One Square flrat insertion .. ,. $1.0< ?hrery subsequent insertion.5< Contracts for thice months, oi longer will be mi de at reduced rates All communications which sub serve private Interests will be charges for as advertisements. Obituaries and tributes of resped will be charged for. The Bumter Wntchman was found ?*. .a 1110 and the True Southron m The Watchman and Southron now has the combined circulation ami influence of both of the old papers, and ie manifestly toe best advertising medium in Humter The advice of C hairman D. R. Cok? es, of the State Council of Defense, in reepect to the general planting and eateful cultivation of home gut denn is timely ar.d should be heeded by every family that has or tan make a gar? den. The problem of providing food th.s spring and summer will be more dtflcult than It tras last year, e e e Hon. John I? MeLavrla has broken loose In a new and unexpected place once again. The B leasei tea of Ander? eon county and elsewhere have been humbly beseeching him to make the race for governor, expect ng him to be a useful running mate for litease In his senatorial canpatgn, but now comes John L. with an open letter that says little of a definite character respecting his own candidacy for the governorship, but attacking ^lease's m>naortal aspirations In bitter terms. If the politicians, newspapers and others who have been acolamlng Mc Laurin as the political Moses of tho age have any confidence In his wis? dom and Judgment, hlea.se is down snd out. e e e Secretary of War Raker gave a com? plete answer to Senator Chamberlain and the other partisan critics who have been trying to make a political teeue out of the war department's man? agement of the army under war con? ditions. Secretary linker made a plain statement < f what had been done and how am why. If there Is a man In congress* who will any that ho knows he could and would have done ftier than Secretary Baker, had he be*vi"ej*vretary of war, he thinks very wtll of KHnself Indeed and Is in the1 Roosevelt cUsss. ]t is a captlous'crltio who is not saitsned with the secre? tary's statement.fjfrTtkcn as a *tflo1e. Ifsn4stghts are always better than foresights and looking back from the vantage ground of the present It is sewy to see minor mistakes that have been made, but who can honestly say that another man would have made fewer mistakes and accomplished as great results in the same circum etancee? Perhaps Senator Chamber? lain, Col. Roosevelt or some of the ?aey chair warriors who have been hounding the war department with . i nettle criticisms muht not have done so well. e e e Some cltlsens of Sumter who do not rrwa farms In the country are still urging The Daily Item to keep up the agitation for a repeal of the anti-hog ordinance so that they may raise gJ Sog or two In their back lots and thus provide meat for their families at small cost. The Item haw done about all the agitation it proposes to do on the hog question. We believe that eslstlng conditions Justify the of the hog ordinance as r of Increasing the meat supply tin! at the same time reducing the high cost of I1v.uk to town dwellers who are not the fortunate owners or* farms In the country from whleh to obtain their meat There Is no sound argument again* permitting the keep ing of hogs in the city under pm regulations, and a great many peopl< would keep hogs In strict compliance with reasonable rules. If permitted to do so. The matter Is up to the peo? ple themselves and the City Hoard of Health and City Council. If thos who want to keep hogs are as earnest as they would have The Item be? lieve, they will take the matter up to the two ofllclal bodies mentioned b> petition or committee, Nopsjpapei agitation is a good thing in Its sjftj but Is useless and powerless unless H has the active backing of public sen tlment. The Item b n agitate.1 t.y stating the case. It is now time fo those who want the ordinance repeal ed to act. . AIR RAID on LONDON, Air Squadron or liftcen llotnhing Ma chines Attack l*nid< n J^ondon, Jan 29.?About fifteoi German a'rplanes. of which four o five reached Ijondon. participated || the first of two raids last night. It i officially announced Only one of th raiders .engaged in the h? i itta. l penetrated as far as the eity. Om- <> the air craft was brought down, fall Ing 10.000 fe<?t In flame*. Three o the crew were burned to death AI Fl MOP p.lots returned safely. MTHATK FOR LSR. Mr. I.. Ii. ftaker Names Committee lo lUvelvo Applications. U I.. Raker l?shopville. has been appointed by the government to rc rei ve applications for nitrate of soda for Lee county and has appointed the following committee to assist him: w. r. loarhecongh. Bleuopville; it. m. Sinith. Stokes Bridge; Ceo. ML Hall. Luc know; B. W. Segars, Route 1, Os ?aok<?. I'M Wilson. St. Charles and j. A. Kh.imc Lynchburg, to whom farmers Oag make applications fo> blanks and Information. Mr. Baker has called a meeting of farmers whj have not received blanks to meet him ami the committee at the Court House, Blshopvillo, Friday, February 1st at 11 A. M., when blanks- and informa? tion will bo furnished. All applica? tions for nitrate of soda must be in Mr. Baker's hand by tho evening of February 4th. Mr. Baker will also re? ceive applications at his office, Mc Lun Building, Bishopville. The C ampaign of IB 18. Just as no man at this time last yc.it could have forecast a Russian col? lapse, no man can today foresee what will happen to France, Italy or Brit? ain. One or all of them may go down as Russia has, although nothing seems less likely or more preposter? ous. But it is clear to all, that if none of those three nations collapse during the next campuign, then German ruin Is assured, and the outcome of the war can no longer be h'dden from the German people. If next New Year's Gern? iny fares ti e world in arms against her without any strategic re? serve, with a million fresh American troops, by this tinle fully equipped, trained, and prepired to Join In the aitaek, her doom will be sealed. But before this time Germany will have approximately a year in which her foes will lack the numbers to crush her. and she will have the num? bers needed to conduct one or sever? al great attacks. If she does not con? duct these attacks this year, If she ac? cepts the defensive, then she wdll still be outnumbered in 1919 and con demned to the defensiv1? then, for her reserves are below a million and by no means first class. But for a year she'?can stake all, her last mark and her last man on seeking to break the will of her opponents and persuade them to quit while she still has a re? serve Ar.ordingly I look for German at? tacks on the west front, in the Bal? kans and In Mesopotamia, where she is now free to use all Turkish troops, released from the Russian front In Armenia. Salonicn, Bagdad and Ven? ire may be prizes of her new efforts in the next six months. No one of these successes- would win the war or change the actual situation, but each would contribute much to creating just the atmosphere in Britain, France and Italy which Germany de? sires to create. Taken together with some major German offensive against the British or the French on the west front, they might do the trici; and bring Europe to a peace by nc gotiation within the next twelve? months and before the t'nited States ean become an effective factor on land. And this, I believe. Is the sum of what we have to fear for the cam? paign of 1918. That the Germans can succeed now against the British where they failed in the first battle, of Ypres, with everything in their fa? vor; that they can succeed ggjlllUT ihe French, when they failed at tho Marne and at Verdun, with the odds ovei -whclmingly with them, seems un battffl'able. But they are condemned to try. becauHo lhey are In no temp? er to admit defeat, and have still the resources for a new bid.?From "11 8 Fifth Campaign," by Frank II. Si IHWflg. in the American Review oi Reviews for January. Watch This Sale! See If It Isn't the largest one Sum |g? lias ever seen. We are sure of It. Why.' We own the merchandise Thai will be passed over to you. \\ atch the date for opening. Schwartz Bros. Advt. High Mgti H?^s. The 50 registered RolaMd China hogs sold to the highest bidders at n wood last Saturday brought a total of $6,095. or u fraction over each, Nineteen of the lot were bought bj Greenwood rnunty nun ?Ml i- of th< total remain In South Carolina, onlj two goiftg out of tho Btate, thOM being purchased by H L Carrie, <?t Brownavlllei Term, fhc higheet*pricod animal went to Mr R, c Walton, of Cambridge, for I It] .'.'?. The tl, >, highest was - bought by In. S. .1 Summers, of I'ain , sron, CMaWan Count; Greenwood 4 Journal, The Ball Boffin* lo Roll. Those snowy white goods are piling In on us Watch for the Word " All Rea?iv" and don't delay for you'll I sure bliy, Its the real White Sale j Vou know, lhat'i BohwartgPi tdvt. TAFT FOR BIG ARMY. sKM) THEM TO FRANCE TO CRVSH IMtl SSlAMSM, EX-PHES IREXT TELLS LAWMAKERS. In IptOfJ Made In Columbia He Pie di< is Wnr Will Lasi, Several Years ?et?f?llest of lamp Jackson. Columbia. Jan. 30,?Advocating: an overseas army of between 5,000,000 and 7,000,000 men and giving as his opinion that America can be thankful ?f the war ends within the next two or three years-, William Howard Taft, fo. mer president of the United States, addressed tho general assembly of South Carolina In the hail of the House of Representatives shortly af? ter noon. "We must not think of this war as other wars," said the ex-president. "If wo come out of it In two years or three years, we should be thankful. 1 a n In favor of raising an army of 5,000,000 or 7,000,000 and sending them to France." Mr. Toft said that the distance of the battlefields of Europe made it dif llcult for the American people to vis tU'lize all the hideousne.ss of the Struggle; but when the casualty list begins to increase the vagueness will tr.ke leave of American minds and the vividness of the war will be demon? strated. Iif connection with the War Between the States and the present struggle, \he speaker drew a vivid contrast by quoting the words of a West Pointer. The civil war was one o;' chivalric impulses, while this is a struggle of machinery, of brutal force, of German ruthlessness* and of de? struction of nations ami of peoples, and of cold, calculating horror. The former president was unspar? ing in his condemnation of the rulers of Germany, whom he charged with storting the war for purposes of dominant power, and their methods. "Oh, what blood is on the soul, what blood iw on the hands of William of Hchenzollern, and the Potsdam crowd and the German people," he exclaim od. "They have thrust upon the wc ild this dreadful disaster, that was framed and formed by them and that has mode of nations a vortex of hu Plan destruction and human agony." | Mr. Taft urged the States to give! lull cooperation to the government inj the war. but warned them against to I much centralization of power in Washington. "The perpetuity of this | government depends upon the main? tenance of the relations established in 178C of the State* to the national gov? ernment," he said in saying that he would venture he was a erreat deal ".?< re of a States' rights' man than RUIIty born on South Carolina soil. "When the States become counties j and when the States exercise no pow? er and no responsibility; when ? they run away from their duties sind thrust them upon the government," he con tirued, "the disintegration of thh people will follow." Mr. Taft arrived in Columbia today shortly after noon, and fwas brought Immediately to the executive office, win re he was met by Gov. Man n:r.g. He accepted an invitation to andres? the general assembly and was escorted to the speaker's rostrum by Gov. Manning and a select committe ? of the house and senate, consisting/of Senators Manning of Dillon, Leo of Darlington and Padgett of Colleton, and Representatives Hughs-of Oconee, MolgO of Sumter, and N. G. Evans of Edgefield. The ex-president was In? troduced by Lieut. Gov. A. J. Hethea, piesident of the joint assembly, and fo'lowing Mr. Taft's address a motion by Senator Nicholson ol Kdgelield that the former president be thnnked for his address by a rising vote was adopted. Mr, Taft'S address was interrupted by frequent vociferous applause, par? ticularly those parti in which he ? e.dhingiy denounced Germany and in which he dealt with the question of the rights of the States. He inject? ed a delicious brand of humor into his speech and frequently convulse! thf general assembly when he punc? tuated his romance with the famou.-: Taft chuckle. Following his speech in the general assembly, Mr. Taft was taken to the home of Mr. George L. Baker, who will be the host of the former presi? dent during his stay in this city, where a luncheon was s-erved him. Gov. Manning and other prominent Bcuth Carolinians wero guests. The lime of the ex-president was taken up this afternoon with an in? spection of Camp Jackson, with ad? dresses to the soldiers there and With i dinner given him by the command? ing general of the cam!*. A reception w. s held for him at the home of Mr. Baker tonight at 9 o'clock, Thors will be a rovlOW of the troops *t. Camp Jackson tomorrow morning r 9,80 O'clock, given in honor of Mr Taft, Both houses <>f the general as. Hcmhl) have accepted invitations to uttend this review. Mr Taft is visiting the various i nun? camps of tin- country, ad dree th< officers ami enlisted men mi ih? greut problems of the war. He is making his itinerary under the aus? pices of the Young Men's Christian Association. NEWS FROM FRANCE. Mr. R. R. Banders Receives Letter From Boston Lady Who Recently Saw His Son Walter in France. Mr. P. R, Sanders received from a Boston lady who has recently return? ed from France the letter reproduced below. Mr. Sanders' youngest son, Walter, is serving as first sergeant with the regular army in France. He has been in the regular army for sev? eral years, serving on the border and In the Philippines. The detachment to which he belongs went first to Eng? land where it spent some months in a training camp: My Dear Mr .Sanders: I have recently returned from France and just before leaving made a trip among the American troops on our front, talking with the men In the Y. M. C. A. huts. I had the pleasure of meeting and having a little conver? sation with' your son Walter and he gave me your address and I promised to write you a line to give you news of him. He was well when I saw him and showed a tine spirit; seemed glad to be in France doing his duty. The French have welcomed with great enthusiasm the arrival of [American soldiers in the villages of Northern France where they are quar? tered. Our troops are warmly cloth? ed, are having excellent food and a good bed with warm blankets, arfd all of them seemed to be glad of the ex? perience of having a chance to figlfl the enemy. If you have any questions you would like to ask me I should be very glad to answer them, or, if at any time you are in Boston, it would be a pleas? ure to me to have a personal meeting with you. I am, sincerely yours, XXX COTTONSEED MEAL PRICES. The Price in South Carolina is $I8..*10 Per Ton. Columbia, Jan. 31.?The United States food administration* has an? nounced maximum wholesale prices to be charged for cotton seed meal and cake throughout the South. Tin J new scale was established with the cooperation of the trade, which has promised through voluntary agree? ment to observe it until such time as the food administration deems it ad? visable to make further changes. The food administration believes i that the stable prices, representing substantial reductions compared with j the scale ruling a few months ago, i will play an important part in en? couraging the production *of meat and milk. Prices in the Southern States, i where all of the cotton seed is pro? duced, control quotations throughout the country. By establishing the trade in that section, the food admin? istration has virtually placed the en? tire country on an equal basis. The prices are in carload lots per ton. f. o. b. shipping point, net to the manufacturer. Cake and meal con? taining 30 per cent, of protein is used as the basis. Each additional 1 per cent, in the protein content brings a corresponding increase of $1 per ton. If purchased through a broker , or dealer, a reasonable profit 19 allowed. The scale of prices- follows: For Texas, Oklahoma. Arkansas. Louisiana, Tennessee and Mississippi, $16.50. For Alabama and Georgia, $17.50. For south Carolina, $48.r,o. For North Carolina, $4 9.50. BRAZILIAN NAVY IN SERVICE. Fleet Joins Allies in European Wa? ters. Rio Janerio, Jan. 30.?Admiral Pe jdro Pronti, has been appointed the ! commander of the Brasillan fleet I which will cooperate with the allies in European waters. For a long time it had been known that the Brazilian lleet won hi assume the responsibility of patrolling the en? tire coast Uns from the Guiana border to the southern boundary of Brazil but this Is the first indication that the Brazilian fleet would cooperate In European waters, with the warships 0 the allies. Brazil in her navy has been consid? ered equal In strength to the* combin? ed power of chile and Argentina. The pride of the Ibazilian navy is her two modern dreadnoughts of l*,281 tons, the Mlnas deraeaand Ban Paulo, laih of which were bull! In the rnit Sd States. Those vessels carry 12 12-Inch guns and subsidiary batteries. It, addition Brazil has a number of cruisers and gunboats, torpedo boat destroyers, torpedo boots, submarines and mine layers. London, Jan. 81.- -British casual? ties repented dnriiuv January, totalled 73,017. Th?se figures show a slight railing off from December, when the DEBATE ON T?XES. APPROPRIATION BILL XKAHING COMPLETION. Item for Vocational School Denied? Both Houses Spend Day in ( amp. -jt Columbia, Jan. 31.?Consideration of the appropriation bill occupied the greater portion of the attention of the house yesterday, exclusive of the election of a judg* for the Fifth Cir? cuit and the hour given to the ad? dress by Mr. Taft. When adjournment was taken at 11.30 o'clock last night until this evening at 8 o'clock, 40 of the 44 sec? tions of tho appropriation bill had been considered with additions in items amounting to $28,209 and re? ductions of $14,986 made. The bill will in all likelihood be completed to? night and given third reading tomor? row, so that it will bo in the upper house with the opening of the next legislative week. i Last night the house refused by a vote of 63 to 26 to insert: the item for $40,000 for the creation of a school for vocational training unde" the federal Smith-Hughes act. An amendment was also rejected appro? priating $5,000 for a teachers' em? ployment bureau in the State depart? ment of education. By an overwhelming vote the Ihm title to the office, out of the game warden to pay litigation fees, to estab? lish title tot he office, out or! the game protection funds. The sum of $11!5 wasi added to the registration item in the State election section, making this $1,000. An item for $1,000 was al*o stricken from this section, the amount having been duplicated by error. The sum of $1,000 was added to the amount provided for repairs at the Confederate Intlrmary, the original amount asked being $700. The sum of $12,5 36 was stricken from the ap? propriations for the University of South Carolina, this sum having been provided last year and being still un? spent. Writing the amount in the ap? propriation bill was thought to be a mere technical necessity. Tdio section relating to the board of charities and corrections was under consideration when adjournment was taken last night out of respect for the late A. G. Brice, State senator fiom Chester county. The amount for traveling expenses for this depart? ment was cut from $2,750 to $1,500 and an amendment to reduce the sal? ary of the secretary from $2,500 to *l.St?0 was under advisement at he time the house adjourned. At the morning session Sam tO*Quinn, member-elect from Bumter county, took the oath of office. Th* two houses will attend the review at Camp Jackson today. The most sensible thing that the grocers of Sumter ever did was to enter into the agreement to cut out useless deliveries. Two deliveries a day is sufficient and if a house-ketp er forgets or neglects to order some? thing needed for dinner until too U.te to be sent out on the first delivery, then it is up to the housekeeper to go after it herself or do without until the next day, just as she would do if she lived out in the country where such a thing as a delivery system is unknown. A delivery system by re? tail grocers is a great convenience, but it has been most scandalously abused by those whom it was design ? ed to benefit. Some house keepers think nothing of ordering a five cent box of crackers and demanding that it be sent up instantly, while others have been known to order a three cent cake of yeast and get mad when it was not delivered p. d. q. It is to be hoped that the grocers will stick j to the agreement and insist upon a J rational delivery system. Hod Cross Notes. On Saturday, January 26, the coun? ty teachers met at the Girls' High School. It was- perhaps the largest and most enthusiastic meeting of its kind held here in a long time, ana was mainly for the purpose of dis? cussing the .Junior Bed Cross Auxil? iaries In the schools. Dr. Klnard of Winthrop College was the principal speaker. His talk on "Service" was- very helpful to those listening. Dr. B. H. Edmunds also spoke on the reasons why every BChool should be a Hed Cross auxil? iary and outlined a plan of organiza? tion. The pupils of the Bumter schools are doing a great work towards help? ing In tins world war. Food conser? vation Is discussed in the classroom, and they take a special interest in fol? lowing Its directions. There is also ?i "Trinket Fund'* In view, when the pupils Will give up pieces of jewelry to be melted into gold and silver. The girls do their bit. too, In the way ot knitting, a report on Jan? uary 29 showed a total of one hundred and forty-one knitted garments hand* ed In by the Girls' High School since i October. "Service" shall indeed be their watchword, SENATE kills DUE ANT LIQVOR , Bin. l uim Products Markct'ng Bill Recom? mitted?LoflrsJ Bills?Attend Re? view at Camp. Columbia, Jan. 31.? 'Does not the bill shift the obtaining of liquor from characterless judges < f probate to charact erless physician i?" was the question asked by Senator Evans of Marlboro yesterday morning of Sena? tor DuRant when th* latter's bill providing that liquor permits should only be issued upon a physician's cer? tificate was under consideration in the senate. By a vote of 28 to r ine, to strike out the enacting wort s, the senate seemed to take this view of the sit? uation. Before sounding th<" calendar of third reading bills and disposing of those which were not contested, Sena? tor DuRant made a motion to tike up his bill which was amending the act regulating the shipment and trans? portation of liquors, by providing that in addition to the permit obtained from a Judge of probat a a physician's certificate, giving the details of the reason why the prescr f>tion was is? sued, should be necessary in order for a person to obtain a q iart of liquor legally. There was opposition to taking up the bill but by an overwhelming vote the senate decided to do so. The indications at this time seem? ed to be favorable to she bill, ?ifd ao it continued until Senator Evans ask* ed the question above* quoted, and Senator Epps of Sumter gave his'rea? sons for opposing the bttij I Senator Epps of Sumter, following the line suggested by Senator Eyans and supplementing it by an argument that there were many perfectly con? scientious physicians who would pre? scribe liquor, possibly as an appetis? er, or for rheumatisn , or "for the stomach's sake" or in other cases which seemed to be c esirable. That no physician could be convicted of violating the law if i i would swear that ho had issued v. certificate be? lieving that whiskey was necessary. He further argued that it would op? erate to the great disadvantage of physicians who wouH not prescribe liquor, in that such patients* as thought they needed ':quor would go to those physicians wl: o were willing to prescribe it. Senator DuRant said that there were a number of physicians who be? lieved in prescribing whiskey. As far as his knowledge wert, the majority in his county did so. Therefore he wished to put the responsibility upon the physicians for securing liquor for those who were permitted to order it. In reply to the objection that in case a physician thought it necessary, but that the law wou delay the Ob? taining it, until the patient was either dead or well, he pointed out the fact that the physician himself could ob? tain as much as a quart which he could keep and presc ibe in case of emergencies, and that by telegraph, or otherwise, a suppl* would be ob? tained in a short time. He argued that the 1 ill provided for the punishing of a ] hysiclan if he would prescribe liquoi when it was unnecessary and that this would be ample protection against physicians of bad character who pi ?scribed liquor. Senator Flack proposed an amend? ment that no physician could issue more than 6 permits In a month. Senator Epps of Surnter argued that this would defeat the very object in mind, for a physician might issue six permits and then find other patients who needed it more than the first six. Senator Shelor proposed an amend? ment that no physician who used li? quor as a beverage would be permit? ted to give a prescription. Senator Hughes said that he had hoped that there would be no more liquor legislation at this session. The legislature had already done enough in ratifying the proposed amendment to the federal constitI ulon. The vote to strike Mit the enacting words, 28 to 9, was decisive but in no ten re did it indicate the prohibition ser.timent in the senate for many members who were ardent prohlbtlon lets voted to strike out the enacting r\ Srds. The senate yesterday killed the bill to provide for the assurance, guaran? tee and registration of land titles. Washington. Jan. 30.?Railroad tracks can not be kept in proper re? pair unless higher wages are paid laborers, the railroad wage commis? sion was told today representatives of the malntenanc of ways em? ployees' union. Tho isands of men have left the roads to take jobs with industries or mines paying much higher wages and i< was said many others plan to quit early in the spring. Albert O. oii pliant has resigned as assistant secretary of the State board Of Charities and correction to become field agent of the State food adminis? tration. The resignation is to become effective February I.