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m LEIHE SCHOOL A I -KT! K'l: TO IOC AMI UM \\ HIGH SCHOOL STVI>KNT. stirred by War lni-e*rt. Tlrvd of Dally Ho-uttrw. and Tempted by High Uagrs to I>?-"crt the Monotony of the f-khool for (Im* lasclnstion or Mom --Making Last spring the Chamber of Com? merce, through It* president. SeSSWtaf) and chairman of the educational com? mittee, began a campaign for the conservation of our educational re* sources. Many agencies elsewhere have been engaged In the same ac? tivity. A few days ago Buperintendent Kd mends received a letter from Dr. Hiultb. tbc president of Washington ssd Lee University, stating that he was sending a series of letters to the high school students in some schools that he had selected and requested a last of the names of the boys In the high school. This list wus sent Imme? diately and already the high school t oVs of Bumter have begun to receive these letters. Id order that these letters may he givsn a wider publicity, The Item la publishing the one that follows: Washington and Lee University, Lexington. Va. To The American Bchool-Boy: Never have lessons seemed so un? interesting snd dally school-routine as tiresome as now. Our country Is aflame with the war-spirit; your old? er brothers and many boy frlmde are wearing khaki, and their letters home make schooMife seem duller than ever; every business is short of werkers and every week you hear of splendid positions paying unheard-of wages, open to boys of your age. You never had before and may never have again such a chance to make money. Shall you keep on grinding over dry test-books shut up In school every day like a convict In a penitentiary, when Jim and Tom snd Aleck no older than you have left Latin and Math, and school-room tyranny behind them and are out In the world leadinK a man's life, getting a man's pay. and urgmg you to follow their example? If the other fellows keep on leav ing. and the chances to make money keep on calling.and you quit studying and keep on begging, your parents till probably give way and let you leave school. So the decision is real? ly up to you. It Is probably the most important decision you have ever been railed upon to make. You stand at the fork of your life's highway. Which rwhd will you take? The first mile or two of the non-trained, non-educated 1 rgfcd Is, I freely admit, very i-ttrac tirS Just now. offering liberty, nov? elty snd ready money; the first stages of the education-road are the same ott grind?tedious, rocky, uphill, ami unattractive. Tst remember, i is the whole long SSSJd. through 40, 60, or 60 years, you See new choosing, not the first few Stties slone. Your boyhood's choice decides your manhood's destiny. It HI your business, therefore, to decide this question like a man, not like a boy. The child looks only at the present, the man studies the future ..lso With the child, present gratifl ci'tlon is always the controlling mo Ore; he cannot resist attractive halt, however sharp and deadly the steel i.eek which he takes with it; the now aid the here, however shallow and short-lived, always prevail with him over the long future, lb fore you ex? change trained brains and educated manhood for a brief boyhood period of money-making, ponder these facts: 1. If you leave school and enter business now. it Is almost certain that your high school work will never be resumed or completed. I. With this decision you. there? fore, lose your chance of college training and of entering any of the great professions Without a high school training you SMsSJfg enter any college or unlveraitv; the doors of oar rreat schools of law, medicine, electrical, civil, and mechanical engi? neering, architecture, Industrial < hem *stry. commerce and busineHs ndmm krtrstlon?all these, and other gre.it openings like them nie nwung shut m vour face. 3. You thus practically throw sway your chum cs of gaining In uence. prominei 1 leadership in tho fierce competition of twentieth" < erttury American life, Which in too complex for the untrained |g und? i stand, far less to lead 4. For the sake of present hl?h wages, you seriously diminish your In rome for all the NMSJ |Sjgfl of roui manhood In the no te matter of in omi slone a man's earning DOW01 through life is ho hMPMUMl SVSrj I ear of high-school and college train log, that a high-scho.,i rear i?*r the average bov represents nearly lit.""" of Invested c ij ltal, a year at OfjMSil tnr the average student over $!,###; while for the student who stands any? where near the top In his class* s. theo? figures should BS doubled. I. You will also serve sssjl tfJUf> Iff best bv training vourself for the great work of the next |SUSratiSfl, In ON THE BATTLE FRONT. POOD \l?iimstk\tio\ HRPRIG sfntativfs living UFR OF SOLDI ITHS IX ITtWCF. s|HMir Sunday With Former National t.nard lulls from Their Home SUM"*. With the American Army In France. Sunday. Dec. 10.?(By the Associated I'rt ??d?Ilepresentatives of the Fnit cd States food administartion tfnow now just how the American soldiers in Fiance live. Last night the party of Kix split up and Joined different units. Several units were on practice marches, and the visitors had the ex? perience of standing in the rain at the mess line and eating from the mesa tins wtihout shelter. They were bil lettOd for the night with soldiers who u? re sleeping in lofts and in rooms of farm houses. This morning one of the visitors wanted to wash, and as the sergeant had been instructed to show them no favors, he was directed to the nearest muddy stream, where artillerymen wire standing in mud and Ice, busy with soap, brushes and frigid water. It appeared to he too much for one member of the party, so the captain allowed him to share'hls billet, which had a stove. VII members of the party agreed that even under the most trying cir? cumstances, and some times without a sinale apparent comfort, except, possibly a cigarette, the morale and demeanor of the soldiers was the finest possible. Today the visitors spent part of the time with former National Guardsmen from their re? spective home States. PORTO RICAXS NOT COMING. So Says Gov. Manning After Seeing Secretary Halter. Washington. Dec. 17.?Gov. Man? ning called on Secretary of War Ba? ker this morning and discussed at considerable length the question of sending Porto Bican troops to Camp Jackson. On leaving the Secretary's olflce the governor said to The News and Courier's correspondent. with very evident satisfaction: "I am au? thorized to make the statement that notwithstanding the order that has been issued. Porto Bicans- will not be sent to South Carolina. There will be a cantonment in Porto Blco at which the Porto Bican troops will be trained." The governor has several other matters on hand during h.s Washing? ton visit, but is not yet ready to talk about any of them for publication. He will be here a day or two more. MXJRO SOLDI I: Bs ON TRIAL. Fifteen Knee Death Penalty Vnder Court-Martial. San Antonio. Texas, Doc. 17.?Di? rect testimony of how negro soldiers deliberately fired at the automobile driven by E. |f, Jones, the night of the riots at Houston, Texas, August - J last, killing Jones and wounding a civilian named Clayton, while a girl and a soldier on the back seat of the automobile escaped unharmed, was given today by Prank Bebee and Joe McCarthy, medical corps privates, at tho opening of the court-martial of tlfteen nejrroes of tho Twenty-fourth infantry, who face death penalty charges. Pebeo and McCarthy were on the running board of the automobile when the negroes llred, but escaped. They saw twelve negro soldiers, heard three quick commands, "halt," and as Jones turned his car to go around the ne? groes a volley was fired. Hebe?? and McCarthy jumped from the running hoard at the volley and took shelter beside the road. that era of ferment and reconstruc? tion it will need trained men far more than It now needs the services let untrained boys. Which should you offer your native* land? Our leading statesmen, our president, the secre? taries of the arrny and navy, great ???locators ami Lusiness leaders-?all ergs tin- boys to carry on their School Srsfl eoHasTS work for the wake "t their country's future. Tfiest .tic ., U\v of the many rea? sons why you should resolutely say l<* ">c call of temporary morey t'.akiiifr. make ;, man's choice for a man's future, and as the soMier en dun* the monotonous drudgery of trerseh-tralalasj tor the sake of future elegory, l-c enough Of a soldier to un derge the dnksjsry of sehoo! studies for the s.ike of vour own future sue eesS and leadership, fired by the cer f lint) that nejeer in the world's his? tory has odUOBtlOn been SO sure to pay rn h dlvldandl as during your life time. Cosainondliig these considerations to yv.ur thoughtful attention, and hoping In the near future to send yOU mother meeeage, i am Cordially your older Itrolher. Henry Louis Smith. President. HOUSE FOR PROHIBITION. ! - MORE THAN NECESSARY TWO. THIRD VOTE SECURED FOR AMENDMENT. slight Difference Between ResolutionI Passed Yesterday and That Form? erly Acted on by Senate?ir This is Smoothed Out Legislature* Will Hare Chance. Washington, Deo. 17.?Nation? wide prohibition won in the house to? day and only the adjustment of a slight difference in resolution between the house and senate now stands in the way of submitting to Stote legisla? tures an amendment to the federal constitution forbidding the manufac? ture, sale or importation of intoxicat? ing liquor for beverage purposes in the United States or its territories. The vote in the house, taken aftc; a day of debate before crowded gal? leries, was 189 to 11!S, with the par? ties dividing almost evenly. Tne mar? gin for prohibition was eight votes more than the necessary two-thirds of the membership of the house re? quired for adoption and Ui> more than two-thirds of those voting. Both wets and drys had been pre? dicting victory all day and it was not until the last few names had been Sailed that the antiprohibltion forces conceded their defeat. After Speak? er Clark .announced the result the victors were joined by the galleries in such a demonstration as is rarely per mltted in the house. Former Secretar> Bryan, an interested spectator neatly all day, appeared on the lloor and Joined in receiving congratulations with Representative Webb of North Carolina, who had led the fight. The resolution passed by the house If identical with that passed by the senate last August except that it glve:; the States seven years instead of siv in which to ratify the amendment. Senator Sheppard, author of tin resolution, predicted tonight that the senate would accept the amendment tomorrow. He said he had assur? ances that the seven years perlou would be approved and that he rti1 not believe a roll call would be neces sary. The president's approval is not r > qulred and the State legislatures mn> act as soon as they please after tht signatures of the vice president and Speaker Clark have been attached to the resolution. "It will be submitted tomorrow a* a Christmas present to the American people," said Sheppard, "and I believe II will he ratified within three years." Every attempt today to put on amendments1 to except light wine? and beer was beaten and 141 Demo? crats stood aligned with 137 Republi? cans and four independents to win the ' final victory for the prohibitionist forces. Following Is the resolution .a> adopted: "Resolved. By the senate and house of representativco that the following amendment to the constitution be and hereby Is proposed to the States, to become valid as a part of the consti? tution when ratified by the legisla? ture of the several States as provided by the constitution: Article -, Section 1?After on' year from the ratification of this ar 'tide the manufacturer, sale or trans* J portation of intoxicating liquor or the Importation thereof into or the expor tntion thereof from the United State? and all territory subject to the juris? diction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited. "Sec. 2. The congress and the sev? eral States shall have oencurrent power to enforce this article by ap? propriate legislation. "Sec. 3. This article shall be inop? erative unless it shall have been rati? fied as an act to the constitution b:> the legislatures of the several State: as provided in the constitution within seven years from the date of the sub mission thereof to the States by the congress." While the house was debating, a resolution by Senator Urandegee of Connecticut, providing a general and new plan for submission of constitu? tional amendments was favorably re ported by the senate judiciary com? mittee. It provides that all amend? ments shall be aeted upon within eight years after submission and, in? stead of action Sfl at present by State I legislatures that amendments shall be submitted to votes of the State elec? tors. The prohibition amendment probably will be submitted before the Brandegee resolution passes and. therefore, will not be affected by it. am South Carolins representatives, except Dominlck, voted for the amend ment. l*OPE sol % Bs WARNING. Christian states Musi Not Aid Turks Against Jerusalem. Rome, Dec, it. According to the MeSSaggerO the pope h;is addressed a Circular letter to the bishops of ill belligerent countries declaring that if any Christian state aids the Turks In sn attempi to retake Jerusalem II will be condemned by the holy sen. TAKE OFF THE LID. sllll? UVILDIXG BCHKME WILL BK INVESTIGATED. Continual Reorganization of Govern-1 mont's Machinery for Producing Merchant Marine Results in Action by Senate Ordering Thorough In? quiry?Pies Bucceds Admiral Har? ris. Washington( Dec, 18,?Continual reorganisation of the government*! machinery for building a merchant marine culminated today in the Hen ate ordering a thorough investiga? tion of the whole situation. Almost at the moment Chairman Hurley of the shipping board was an? nouncing tiie resignation of Rear Ad? miral Harris general manager of the Emergency Fleet Corporation and the appoint-.i. nt of Charles A. PiSS of Chicago, ty the place, resolu? tions for inve.-ti. alIon were being in? troduced in both houses amid heated charges of ' red tape." "inelttciency," "a crime" and other hot phrases of denunciation. Action came on the resolution in? troduced by Senator Harding of Ohio who denounced the board's continuous difficulties as "an interminable tangle of red tape." With haste rarely shown the senate auditing committee approved Sena j tor Hardlng's resolutions and Ihc sen I ate ordered the Inquiry, referring it j to the commerce committee. Chair? man Fletcher culled the committee to meet Thursday to arrange pro? cedure. It is considered likely the whole inside story of the shipping hoard'? progress, beginning the celebrated row between Chairman Denman and Maj Gen. George W. Goethals will b( brought out. The keynote of the demand for in? vestigation, to which appeared to b< no dissent in the senate, was the ne? cessity of building ships if the natlor is to win the war. Senator Chamherlain, an adminis? tration spokesman, declared the ship ping hoard had resolved into a Mde< hating society" and added "something has got to be done, for nothing will hi accomplished as long as there an constant changes in the personnel o: the board." Senator Williams, Democrat, de? claring for the investigation, ;-.aid: "No one can close bis eyes lo tin fact that we as a nation have not done our full part in this war." "The best thing that can be done,' he continued, "is to let your own peo? ple know all about the matter." Senator Lewis, Democratic whip declared officers of the shipping board would welcome the investiga? tion because it would show who wai responsible for the conflicts in the organization. Senator Lodge declared the board's procedure was all wrong. "If we put in one really competent and tell him to build ships we can get it done," said he. In making Mr. Piez general man? ager of the fleet corporation and confirming his full authority over the ship building program the shippinp, beard retains him also as the corpo? ration's vice president. Hear Admiral Harris was- designat? ed as general manager just two yearn ago upon the resignation of Rear Ad? miral Capps, who quit because of ill health. He was selected by the navy department on the shipping hoards' suggestion that a naval constructor be named for the place. The board acceyted Admiral Har? ris' resignation, Chairman Hurley said, when he insisted that the olllce of the fleet corporation be moved to Philadelphia and asked immediate ac? tion on a request for $12,000,000 for housing shipyard workers. Shipping board officials laid to? night the ship building program was in Rood shape and that nothing was to be feared in a congressional investi? gation. GERMAN AIRPLANE CAPTURED. One of Raiding Squadron Brought Down in England. London, Dec. 19.?One of the Ger? man airplanes which participated in last night's raid over England was brought down, and another is be? lieved to have been destroyed, the war offices announce. Two of the crew of one raider were captured alive. Prom 16 to :.'<> raiders, di? vided into six groups, endeavored to reach London. There is reason to believe another raider dropped into th channel, the report sa\s. WHAT THE NAVY is DOING. Secretary Daniels Testifies lief ore House Committee. Washington, Dec. 19.?-Secretan Daniels was one of the first witnesses summoned before the house sub? committee engaged in Investigating the navy's war activities today, He gave a genial review of what was be? ing done, avoiding disclosure of facts which would be of Inters! to the ene? my. ARMY CAMPS UNSANITARY. GKX. GORGA8 GIVES REASONS FOR DISEASE IN (AMI'S. Surgeon General of Army 1 finds That Epidemics Have Been Caused by Overcrowding, Insuindem Clothing and Had Sanitary Conditions?j Camp Bevler visited. Washington, Dec. IS.?Insu ffk icnt j clothing, over crowding and bad ssnl* tory conditions are hold largely re sponsiblo for disease epidemics at Camp Howie, Texas; Camp Funston, Kan.sas; Camp Doniphan, Oklahoma, and Camp Bevler, South Carolina by .Surgeon General Oorgas in reports to Secretary Baker made public today 'as the result of his personal inspec? tion of the camps. With the exception of Funston none of the camp base hospitals have been completed, General Gorges says, and this is handicapping the medical of? ficers in treating patients. He recom? mends the rushing this work, particu? larly the installation of the necessary plumbing. Conditions at Camp Sevior. Green vllle, S. C, where former National Guard organizations from Tennessee and North Carolina and South Caro? lina, are in training are shown in the following letter, dated November 29. last: j "Sanitary conditions here are seri? ous. Sixty men have died of pneu J monls in the past monh. The camp ( had been exposed to a general epi Idemic of measles, about 2 000 cases having occurred within the last month. During the same period thej have had 175 cases of pneumonia and 15 cases of meningitis. The new conscripts of this command are men who are non-immune to measles. The> come from the neighboring Southern States where population is scarce anc therefore have not had measles it childhood. Always with measles, a ' certain number of cases of pneumon ia occur. The mortality of pneumon ia from any cause is always high. "The basic unsanitary condition however, in my opinion, is ovei crowding. In the past in this camp the division commander has had t< put 11 and 12 men in a tent, due t< the shortage of tentage. This wouli give about 20 square feet of space t< each man. At present he has to put nine men in a tent, which gives about 28 square feet to the man. I urg: that the division commander be direct? ed to furnish at least 50 square feet oi floor space to the man, which would give about five men to the tent. "1 also recommend that an obser? vation camp he established where fresh men can be isolated and kept under observation for at least two weeks, or until the camp itself shows evidence of being free from infection. "The division commander tells me that he expects a large increase in the force at an early date. I urge Bunt no fresh men be sent to this camp until the division commander says that he is able to care for fhem along the lines of this recommenda? tion. "There has been a good deal of dis? comfort and exposure on account of the men having nothing but their summer clothing. This has been in great part corrected in the last ten days by the arrival of woolen clothing and overcoats. "The olive drab wool has not yet been issued, but the authorities are informed it is on the way. The whole command is still in khaki. "Heat and plumbing are badly needed in the hospial. Both were au? thorized two weeks ago. I recom? mend that the matter he prcs-sed and the hospital be equipped in this re si ect at just as early a date as pos? sible. The hospital needs more trans? portation. Treconnncml that they be furnished one motor ear. one three ton truck, one one ami one-half ton truck and one three-quarters ton truck. The hospital at present has 750 patients." At Camp Bowie, where the Thirty sixth Division is in training. General Corgas reported during the posl month 11 deaths from pneumonia out of 409 cases admitted to the hospital. About 2,000 eases of measles have de? veloped in the same length of time. "There is a great deal of uneasiness and criticism m long the peopje with regard to the conditions here whbm sire worse from the sanitarv point of view than in any of the camps 1 have visited,"* General GorgSi said. "The base hospital is unfinished, without water, plumbing or sewerage I recommend thai telegraphic Instruc? tions be sent to the division com? mander at once to put in plumbing, water and sewer connections and . lectrlc cookers In all the wards." At Camp Funston, in the Eighty ninth National Army l>i\ision. there have been 43 deaths from pneumonia with 1 S:> cases and 22 from meningit? is with 70 cases. "This Indicates the meet serious condition as far as infection from meningitis and pneumonia is concern? ed." General Gorges says. "As emphasizing the situation I call attention to the facl that they had 81 BOMBED eOVF RNQR'S MANSION M i l MIT TO KILL (JOVFRNOIl OP OAI IPOKNIA. Rear of Balldhv Blown Oes bed fam? ily All I ?ajx d Injury. Sacramento, < ai., Dee. is.?What is believed to have been aa attempt to kill (low Willi ni n. Stevens. was mads at midnight, when ? powerful bomb exploded under the rear of tho porch of the executive mansion. The rear of the budding was blown out. 1 lie governor's wife and servants were asleep at the t ne. but all escaped in? jury. The de onation was heard all over the city. It i;, believed about j twenty-live sti ks of dynamite were used. A hole several feet deep was torn in the ground. WAR DEPARTMENT TO BLAME. Change in Type Of Hille Caused Sev? eral Months Delay. Washington. T>ec. 18.?Several months delay in supplying rifles re j suited from the war department's J decision to modify the enfield type, private ordnance manufacturers told the senate e< mmittee today. Their production Will not return to the maximum ur*il next May, it was tes I lilM-d. SPANISH STEAMER SUBMARINED, ship Wa* Torpedoed W ithout Warn? ing at Night. Paris. I>?c. 19.?The Spanish steamship Noviemhre, thirty-six hun? dred tons, Mas torpedoed without warning at night, according to ad? vices receive ;! at Biarritz from Bilbo. Thirty of the crew have landed. AIRPLANES' DEATH TOLL. Ten Killed and Seventy Injured la London. London, Dec. 19.?Ten persons were killed and seventy injured in *' London during last night's air raid. Outside of London five persons were injured. The material damage was not serious. Washington, Dec. 19.?A step to re j lieve the widespread coal shortage in South Carolina! was taken) by the fuel administrator today when instruc? tions were sent to Kentucky, Virginia and Tennessee producers to make im? mediate shipments to Carolina towns. London, Dec. IS.?Field Marshall Haig. commander in chief of the-** Pritish forces in France, is^m*icTng important hanges in his headquar? ters staff, which up to this time vir? tually has been unaltered since he took supreme command. Chicago. Dec. 19.?Demands for wage increases from 10 to 40 per* cent, were today submitted to the 76,000 locomotive firemen of th? railroads of the United State* for a vote. Berlin, Dec. l!*.?Austro-German forces ysSiOrday stormed the Italian positions on Monte Azalone and ad? joining sites, .'lore than two thou? sand Italians weed captured, accord? ing to the >rman staff department. deaths from all causes when the normal death rate of such a command should be I .bout 1L\" The general reports that among the 36,000 of drafted men injected into the C4 iionment in Otcober were many meningitis carriers, this part of the country being known, he says, to all health ?fileers as having beert for several years the principal epidemic center in the civil population for meningitis. General Gorges recommends ob? servation camps* the relieving of overcrowded conditions, the oiling of nearby roads to keep down dust and the erecting and heating of ambul? ance sheds to obviate the present dif? ficulties found in geting the motor ambulances started during the coid weather. During the past month at Camp Donlphaa, where the Thirty-fifth Guard Division is training, there have been 7 4 adi ilsslons from pneumonia with 11 decths; 316 cases of measles and one death; 1<>4 of diphtheria with one death end six of meningitis with four deaths Overcrowding is de SCrlbed by 'he report as the basic cause. To properly control the spread of them diseases, the general recom? mends thai suspects he immediately i < moved from the general camp with appearance of ihe first case of com? municable diseases and placed In a separate detention camp for observa? tion. This Is In addition to the oh lervation camp recommended for In? coming men. Until rcct tly, the general reports, the command had nothing but sum? mer clothing; which undoubtedly had increased tin tendency to pneumonia. Many wai Is in the base hospital now required for patients are un Bnlshed and the report says this has caused great embarrassment to the hospital euthoritiSA