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oriMwM? to dvkIjLixg. \xeUdion sinrted in (.crmany to Sup. psean One k\wm of Burhai Ity. Berlin. Nov. 11?Prohibition of duellllir In the German army and navy *i urged by the newspaper Gor? mars'* in commenting upon the order leaved by Emperor Charte? of Aus? trat, forbidding the practice in thw austro-Hungarian army and naw. This Inhibition." says Germ*' b> "wir. awaken an echo of satisfaction In the widest circles In Germany and will give renewed expression to the repeated command that competent of flelals put an end to this duelling non senw> in Germany. Nothing can be achieved with half measures and no h tag short of an order prohibiting duelling without restrictions or reser? vations will be prevent further sac? rifices through this antiquated meth? od of restituting honor." mo|| || \ngs nkgro. l jikhing m Suburb of Wyoming Town Rock Springs. Wyo.. Dec. 12.?An unidentified negro charged with mo? lesting women of Dlalrtown. a suburb, was taken from the city Jail today and hanged. Twenty-five citizens over pewstsd the Jailer. Notes of Cit> s? funds. The public schools of the city will close tomorrow for the Christmas hol? idays and reopen on January the 2nd. As snnounced several weeks ago, the plan was adopted by the Board of Education to give an additional week for Christmas, in order to meet the unusual labor conditions. It is be? lieved that the plan will work advan? tageously for the schools, the pupils, and the business Interests of the city. Instead of making up one week at the end of school, as has been cus? tomary, two weeks will be made up ?the schools closing on the seventh of June. 1918. ' It has been a great disappointment , to the High School boys and gir.s not to hace their play; but the fates seem to have been unpropltlous. They will have u after the Christmas holidays. I * 1 To The Women of Sumtcr County. < Supplementing the letter of Mr. 1 Nolll ODonnell, Chairman of the t Sumter Red Cross Chapter. In yes- < tsrday's Daily Item, calling attention t to tie great needs of the men in our \ ?rmy snd navy for knitted wear, I i wish to most emphatically endorse i tfcls sppeal. and to Impress upon you I ths great need of our men In this 1 rwspsct. and to urge upon every wo nan and every young girl in Sumtcr i county to is (near gensasj |g this gram i work. The woman-strength of every i nation at war with the terrible Hun is now being put forth to help win the war. Speed up your work, oh women of Sumter county. Do not fall behind your suiters in other countries, and while I am no pessimist. I know that great sacrifices will have to be made by the women as well as by the men, f osr country is to win the war. Do not let any petty Jealousy or personal feeling of any nature cause you. or any one of you. to become lukewarm In doing your full duty. The Red Cross work Is greater than any personal matter. It Is the greatest agency for the relief of the soldier that the world has ever known. Ev? erything of a personal nature shim 1 be laid aside, your energy, everybody's | energy should be pla< ed at the dis? posal of this great work. The sole aim of everyone should be: "HOW CAN I ?EHT SKUVK.'" Sincerely yours. A. C. PHELPS. Chairman. Sumter County Council of Defense. December 13th ,1917. One Addition. Pershlng's message Is a tonic to the nation. It can hardly be improv? ed. And yet there is one sentence that might with propriety be add* d to it. Germany not only can In beat? en S"d must be beaten and will be beaten but 1? now being t>eaten and the svldences of that are abunbmt. It haa been stopped in Italy as it was ?topped on the Marne. It has not moved on the western front for more than two years except backward I has lost the eastern terminus of its projected Hamburg-'.o-the-Per.si In Gulf route.?Philadelphia Record. Oh! lor That Packing House. Is it true that there is no market for hogs locallv .' \\ | have been in? formed by parties having a consider sble number of boss for sale that they cannot be disposed of m the Inonl market. If this is MM situation, then ths msrketlng question is needing at? tention. When pork Is t+lttng for 40 cents the pound hogs raised in South Carolina should not go beejglng for a market?Spartan burg Herald. Villa will have to work a good goal harder then he ever did before If he experts to get on the front pa.se now ?Philadelphia Presse M'HSIDIZK STttJKL MA KINO. 'orwny Taking Steps to Kncourage Iron Industry. t'hnstiania, Norway. Nov. 11.?It is stated that the Norwegian govern mont has decided to put aside largo public funds for the encouragement of homo steel industries. The city of Chrlstianla is to subsidize a new rnOtofl mil! to he erected here, by contributing a premium of 8 kroner on every ton of rolled steel turned out for a period of live years. The ex? isting steel works in Strommen are to double their yearly output of steel, and the product is to he entirely taken over by the military authorities. FIGHTING DICK ANDERSON. Biography of Confederate General Conies From l*iosses. News and Courier. Gen. C. Irvine Walker has honored the memory of a bravo Confederate officer and done a valued service to the state in his life of Lieut. Gen. Richard Heron Anderson, of the Con? federate States army, which has just como from the press. It has been a strange fact, often commented upon, that a lifo of "Fighting Dick ' had not appeared long before now. Gen. Anderson was the rar king officer in the Confederate army irom this State. At different times he commanded every infantry regiment and battalion except four furnished by the State to the Confed? eracy, and nearly all the South Car? olina batteries of cavalry in the army of Northern Virginia was under his com in: nd at times. He was ono of Lee's most trusted lieutenants and had an active part in the great cam? paigns of Northern Virginia. More than a year ago Gen. Walker took i p the task of getting together the material for a life of Gen. Ander? son, nnd he haw worked indefatlga tly upon this task until its comple? tion. The book opens with a sketch of Gen. Anderson's ancestry and his career prior to 1861. He had distin? guished himself In the Mexican war, his gallantry winning for him special honors both from the United States government and from the State of South Carolina, resigning from the United States army when South Car? olina seceded to offer his sword to Iis native State. His activities in he Confederate army began with the mthreak of the war. He took part in he battle of Fort Sumter, saw ser? vice in South Carolina and Florida, > irtielpated in the peninsula cam? paign, being rapidly promoted, see? ing; service in Virginia from this time forward while the war lasted. The story of the part he had In auch engagements as the battle of Seven Hues, or Fair Oaks, the battle of Cold Harbor or Gaines* Mill, the battle of Fraser's Farm and Malvern Hill, the North Virginia campaign of isr.j and the battle of Manassas, the Maryland campaign and the bat? tle of Sharpsburg, the battle of Fred ericksburg. tho Chancellorsvllle cam? paign, the Pennsylvania campaign and tho battle of Gettysburg, the campaign of Northern Virginia in 1863, the battles of Tho Wilderness, Spottsylvanla and second Cold Har? bor, the Valley campaign of 1864 and the siege of Petersburg is the story, in good part, of South Carolina's putt in the War Between the States, though he had under his command many troops from other States as well. Gen. Walker has done full justice to Gen. Anderson's memory, has told clearly and vividly the story of his achievements, and has brought out the esteem in which he was held in the Confederate army. Tho narrative of the various campaigns and battles Is clear and interesting. Tho work is a valuable addition to the history of the Confederacy and will keep bright the recollections of one who. to quote from the editorial tribute paid him by Capt. Dawson in The News and Courier at the time of his I ah. was "brave as a Paladin of old, gentle and modest as a woman " Curtailment or Women's Apparel. And now we are told the edict has gone forth that ' the apparel of Amer? ican WOmei during tin- year 1911 will represent ? eurtallmenl of fully per ?tut in the amount of material used." S in mob things be? If so, it (? i Minis refers to 2:, per cent. in the aKgrcj ' mount of material used by all the women and not In each individ? ual ease. Twentyflve per cent Is one fourth, and if some of the women were to further curtain their Apparel by one-fourth, we blush to consider i he consequences. In the mattet of ning dresses the curtailment ecr nnlv cou d got come from the top. and one-fourth curtailment at the bot? tom of some of the otreet dreOMI would be little short of sensational. Howeve*. the tarrying out of tins deeree is not up to um; and we slmpl) publish it that women mas know what is expected of them. We h ave n to tin- patriotic women ihemaolvei ?<> nod tin- place for tb .t II per eent. cur? tailment. We are merely lookers-on. ?Augusta Chronicle. BEER IN GERMANY, - i? If The War IIa? Had Disastrous Ef? fect Upon Brewing Industry' Amsterdam. Nov. 11.?The busim s of brewing beer, which ranks second Ill Importance among German indus? tries, is In a bad way, and aeeordinv to the Herlinger Tageblatt, so dras? tic have become the restrictive men1 ores of the authorities in the matter Ol labor and material that the future is looked forward to with the graves'. Pprehenslon. The aggregate capital invested in the German brewery trade amounts to three billion marks- distributed over 11,000 breweries. The latter control wholly or partly 330,000 retail rusi nci-ses, employing some 800,000 per sons. Concentration of labor and saving of fuel is the line which the authori? ties have adopted with ever increas? ing severitf; needless security, so the brewers say. Tho fact that the coal supply has been cut down by one half, solved In a measure the concen? tration problem, because it has auto? matically brought numerous small breweries to a stand-still. Among the north German beer pro? ducers, a bitter feeling exists against the Bavarian brewers. The former complain that the Bavarians* have been, and are being, unduly favored in the matter of obtaining barley and malt. Humors are current that It has been found necessary to placate the people of Bavaria, who have suffered cruel losses in men during tho war. Meanwhile, Bavaria remains the para? dise of beer drinkers from the Prus 4an point of view, although the qual-. ity of the beverage is such that the popular verdict is "that* it is* wet and that's about all." Sugarless Coffee. Chattanooga Times. A statistican in the food administra? tor's department has just figured it out by means of a table of estimates made up from an investigation of a certain number of average families that in every family of five in the United States one pound of sugar a week is used in coffee and tea, which mians that 20,000,000 pounds of su? gar are used weekly in sweotening. these two beverages. That means a billion or more pounds of sugar wast ed~~?**.* some think, for coffee and tea are just as palatable and really more wholesome without sugar?which has suggf>sted to the food conservationists that we take out tea and coffee dur? ing the war, at least, without sweet? ening; or if we have to have H.'tJfce sfiKhum as the Southern people did during the Civil War. The Nebras? ka State Journal, which appears to have been making some investigations on its own account, declares that many persons within its observation, after trying the sugarless cup of cof? fee or tea come to like it better that way, finding that, as a matter of fact, both loso their delicate flavor by the use of sugar. "On the whole," says tho Nebraska State Journal, "there are few articles whose consumption can more easily bo reduced than su? gar. What, with the syrups, the sweet fruits and the honey age American consumption of cane and beet sugar could probably be cut in half without discomfort or ill effect." These figures and suggestions come opportunely, since we are told that the scarcity of sugar is likely to be? come acute unless there is a more general practice of economy in its use. The wise thing to do is to be? gin "tapering off" in the use of su? gar, reducing the supply each day; if then it should turn out that wo have been simply cultivating a habit that may be easily and safely cured, we can easily reduce our sugar bills and at the same time perform a patriotic act by helping the government. Some Governor. Governor Capps of Kansas, has re? established the custom of lending the boys of his State the money with which to buy hogs. He finances two boys in each county every year, tak? ing the notes of the boys at 6 per cent interest for the value of the hog.* The first year Cov. Capps put out |3,000 in this manner and got all the principal back except the value of one hog which died. Several of the bovs Who invested in brood sows and went in ior raising hogs have netted more than $L*nii each, after paying the gov? ernor the amount borrowed, Many of the boys appear to have been per? manently started in profitable busi? ness as the result of the governor's little enterprise and the governor Ii out nothing. The State of Kansas of course, is profiting very greatly be < iusc ot the interest in hog raising developed among the boys-. ? Yorkvilb* Enquirer, in Petrograd b cltlsen goei to bed a traitor ami rlSOS a patriot; lunches as a revolutionist and dines as a re? bel; turns a i lot Into a COUP d< 'etat by running two blocks, and never for i? moment Knows what democracy Is. New fork Sun. HEALTH or GERMAN SOLDIERS. Condition! Have Materially Improved Since Beginning or War. Copenhagen, Nov. 11 (Correspond? ence)?The health statistics of the German army and navy, us published In the German medical journals, show that the percentage of illness among both soldiers and sailors- is steadily decreasing. In the army, the number of cases of illness is now about twen? ty per cent, lower than in the llrst year of war. For the navy, very complete reports are published, indi? cating that the number of eases of ill? ness per thousand men is about 2 5 per cent, lower than in peace times. "Diseases of the organs of nutri? tion" furnished more patients in the naval hospitals than any other single cause but it is stated that the num? ber even of these cases shows it steady Improvement falling from 7S per 1, 000 men in peace times to 56. Tuber? culosis shows a Slight increase, but other diseases of the respiratory or? gans have decreased very largely. Nervous diseas? has decreased slight? ly; diphtheria has almost disappear? ed; scarlet fever shows a slight ir crease. The Price of Cannon Fodder. (By Mary Austin of The Vigilantes.) The following proclamation appear? ed on the walls of Warsaw last year, just before 100,000 families were ex? pelled to wander in the ruins of de? vastated Poland. "The government suggests- that mothers having children should send them to Germany to be brought up and educated. Mothers who are wil? ling to make this arrangement will re? ceive the sum of 150 marks for a bo\ and 100 marks for a girl. No oth? er aid will be given. (Signed) Gov. Gen. von Beseler.." It was to make this transfer of can? non fodder unavoidable that the fam? ilies were expelled. And yet strange to say there were many Polish fam? ilies who preferred to see thei: chil? dren ?lie rather than have them brought up as Germans. Terrible arid inhuman as it is to permit children to starve to death, I am not sure it la not the lesser crime, even for Ger? many, than to bring them up in the German ideal. To take a Polish child with its he?ritage Of liberty loving, of heroism and genius such as have distinguished that race, and make of it a mere bestial unit of a lighting machine, what greater offense can be against the child and Cie. future? 11 is a heart-rending thing to read there are no more children under seven left alive in Poland, but it is better than the other. This cold-blooded purchase of boys and girls under present conditions, arouses the question whether or not a German victory would not mean a re? vival of chattel slavery. 1 It will not be easy to make tier mans of Poles, even by taking them young. There are inherited strains- in that blood which may resist even tho insidious enslavement of the mind which the German government knows so well how to practice. No one can doubt now that Germany will not hesitate in the futuro to use physi? cal restraint in these unfortunate chil? dren of adoption should they show signs later of not having taken the German Virus. We must remember that our own liberty has in it som? drops of Polish blood, which makes us a little more than brothers in sympa? thy to this unhappy people. Mothers of America who give their sons to this war must remember that there are other mothers confronted with a more terrible alternative. Ills Heart Included. In tho western part of the United States, the natives have achieved a reputation for generosity as well as for patriotism, and the qualities nam? ed are natrually quickened among other people in the same section. This may account for the splendid action reported of one of the comparatively new comers to that section. Accord? ing to his story, John Dampas, a young Greek of California, gave for war relief work his touring car, his gold watch, his bank deposit of $621 and all the money hes had in his pock? et, about $25, and then enlisted in the American army, with this sentence oh his lips: "That is all 1 have, ami i am glad to give it."?Christian Science Monitor. Dec County Pair Receipts. Notwithstanding the bad weather, the lair has been pronounced a grand success by ;iii and their opinion U sustained by the Kate receipts which were as follows: Wednesday, $351; Thursday. :*2,i i.'.,::<?; Friday, 1994.70) Saturday. $903.85, Total, $5, 394.65, Last year the total gate re? ceipts were $3,036.25, -Rlshopvllh Vindicator. Our idea t>i the milli nium is tin day when -ill the la. l ions in Russlfl will become reconciled. <>n that sann day Charleston polities will becom< sweet ami peaceful. Columbia Uec i ord. CHILDREN ?F WAR. Investigation of Effect of War Upon Children in Belligerent Countries. London, Nov. LI (Correspondence) ?The war's effect upon the children of the belligerent countries is now la ing studied on this side by Miss Fannlebelle Curtis, director! of kinder gartens of New York City end Mary Moore Orr, Identified with various ed? ucational associations of New York. These two women were sent to France and England by the Committee of the Conservation of the Children of America during the war. "We have just come from France," Miss Orr said to The Associated Press Correspondent, "where we have spent a few weeks visiting some of the col? onies of refugee children established by the Franco-American Committee for the Protection of the Children of the Frontier and where we saw other admirable welfare work. "We are now touring England and are seeing day and night nurseries for the children of munition wan kers, and studying with a great deal of interest, reports of plans for educational re? construction work after the war. "Our plan is to return to America by way of France, where wc shall visit Evian, the great refugee station, and other sections where similar wel? fare work is carried on. "To the Proebel Society of which Lady Betty Balfour, is chairman, Miss Curtis has extended the greet? ings, sympathy and offer of coopera? tion from the International Kinder? garten Fnion, whose membership Is 20,000. Every courtesy has been ex? tended to us and many opportunities for viewing work of many kinds placed in our way." RUTLEDGE COUNTY DEFEATED. _ Williamsburg Vote Against New County. Kingstree, Dec. 12.?Complete re? turns from the seven precincts In Williamsburg county voting yesterday on the proposition of cutting off a por? tion of the county for the formation of "Rutledge County." give a total of 323 against, and -i i favorable to the proposition. The necessary vote in this county to ( any tho election for the establishment of the new coun? ty was. 358. therefore the proposition was deefated in Williamsburg by a substantial margin. BOMB SQUAD IN ARMY. New York Detectives Catted to Colors New York, Dec. 12.?The entire bomb squad and about 20 other detec? tives Of the New York police depart mem have been taken over by tlu army intelligence bureau at the re quest of Secretary Baker, it was an? nounced today by Police Commission < r Woods. The detectives Will enlist as pri? vates In the army with their present officers commissioned officers* Time to Reise His Flag. If it is true that the Emperor Charles has stated that he was ready at any time to conclude a peace that would guarantee the integrity of his empire but that he would not (east lighting till his enemies renounce their purpose of dismembering it. he should raise the white Hag at once None of the allies is lighting foi the purpose of dismembering Austria Hungary. But it is for Austria t? ask the allies for Immediate peaci on the basis of no dismemberment? Philadelphia Record. Bfltchel's Finn Record. All of those who have taken th< lead In denouncing the ' Mltchel ad? ministration are awa/e that in its gen? eral conduct of the affairs of the me tiopolis it has made an unsuri asset record. Mayor Mitehel's standing it the community has suffered nothlni from his defeat. Socialists and paci? fists supported Morris RUlquit, a So cialist lawyer of ability, who came t? New York from Russia. He won al? most as many votes as Mayor Mitch el. The mayor's tremendous on ?laughts upon the record of tho Tam? many candidate, a local Brooklyn judge named Hylan, had the usefu effect of bringing out from this man a declaration of loyalty to the wai measures of President Wilson. s< abnormal was the local situation. Noa York being a city of vast foreign ele? ments, that Mayor M it eh? 1 was prob? ably justified in tinning his campaign upon the issues of the war. He lost at the polls, but he seems to havt gained a victory in what he did to he!f clear the atmosphere. Tammany In powi r again will And it less easy now than in the past to loot and disgrac. the town.? American Review of Re \ lews. it Would Seem So. Count Tolstoi thinks Kerensky wai too soft-hearted. Maybe so. But there are, of course, Inherent difficul? ties about enforcing a policy of blooi and iron where there arc more peoph to be shot than there are to do thi shooting,?Chattanooga Newt. MERRY CHRISTMAS- W? SOD? PIERS. V. M. C. A. Wauls Cake anl Camly for Their Christmas Par^y. The Y. M. C. A.'s need home mado candy and cake to fulfill I heir Christ - n as plans for soldiers at Camp Jack? son. If you live within .00 miles of Camp Jackson, will you not con? tribute? Send boxes by parcel post not later than December ~?>th, plainly address? ed to B. B. ShUltS, Cam'- Social Sec? retary, Army Y. M. C. A. Jamp Jack? son, Columbia, S. C. In addition to the momentous Christmas celebration planned by the Red Cross and one which Camp Jack? son soldiers will long re; lember, the various Y. M. C. A. uni s will have festivities appropriate for the occa? sion. Already some or the secretaries ii port that companies ha^ e volunteer? ed to put in Christmas! 'rees, greens and holly with which to adorn the buildings. The largo op< a lire places :n the new buildings wHl be ready to burn the Yule-tide log ax i everything possible will be done to lake Christ Mas like it used to be b;rk at home. It is ]danned to have every soldier who comes to the Chris' nas celebra? tion bring a small gift t some other soldier not exceeding ten cents in value, but wrapped as though it were going to his best girl. These will be collected at the door and redistributed let er so that no man will get his owni package. To help accomplish this re? distribution we will have some real sure enough Christmas rlrls, without which you could hardly l ave a Christ? inas. What else does tne Christmas need? Well, it needs hone folks, but the Y. M. C. A.'s a:-e not quite able to come across with that. The next best thing, however, und WO want home fclkf who live near enough, to make Christmas candy and :ak>e for this party. Tell the fo-ks r.b6ut it and have it sent from home i bout Decem? ber L'O to the Army Y.rM. C. A. Camp Jackson. Columbia, S. C, marked ? Tor Christmas Party." These, good things will be distribute to the Y. M. C. A. units according to the number Of men being served, a d we. believa in the home folks strongly enough to know that there will be plenty. on't get blue about being away from home on Christmas. We will have some party ourslves and wi want your help and know you will gtVO it. America, Japan, and China. The Chinese have In en somewhat disturbed by the agreement between the United States and Japan, which was announced by our State Depart? ment as a result of Cie mission of Viscount Ishii. our recognition of the fact that Japan has special interests in China is by no moans to be con? strued as admitting that China is not wholly sovereign within her own ter? ritories. Mr. Lansing's understand? ing of the affair is in the highest sense honorable, and is in keeping with our demand for a new order of open dealing, and of scrupu't >us regard for the rights of all natioi t. Until there is reason to take a Contrary view, we must believe that Japan is no less sin? cere In this matter the.-., is Uncle Sam. China's chief business s to put her own household in order, and to rise to the great opportunity that lies be? fore her in a world of nonest friends, good neighbors. Along with this agree? ment. Japan takes ov> r a much en? larged task of mariti' ie policing in the Pacific, and propoi Mi to Put mer? chant tonnage at our disposal. We can afford to pay Japan well for this tonnage, and to ^ivo her as much steel as we can Spare for her ships now building. We c n also afford, at the same time, to nake China a handsome war loan ^Ith which she may strengthen the pi ars of her new republic, and may prepare to render some definite aid to the cause of the allies, such BS may be assigned to her by the great inU -Allied council Ithat is now forming. The "yellow peril" now disappear:.?Urom "The Progress of the World." in the Amer? ican Review of Reviews for Decem? ber, 1917. Lucid ToMi'iiony. ??The average Individual," said the ! Scot la ml Yard official, "can't give at detective simple,'-plain, straightfor? ward information. Questioned by a detective, he becomes as involved and difficult as the Office boy. A detectivo asked an offlco boy if it was Mr. Jones or his partner ho reached the Office first as a rule. "Well," said the b* yj turning very red, "Mr. Jones at first was always late, but later he heran to get earli? er, till at btsi be w i first, though before lie had always been behind. He soon KOi later ag in, though of late he has been sooner, and at last he got behind as bef re. But I ex 11 pect he wlil be getting earlier sooner Uoi later." -London Tit-Bits. The price of coal has gone up but ; what difference does it make when you can't get it. anyway.?Lancaster News.