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1 ' atehman ano ettttot*. WATCHMAN, r?tnhlWItert April, 1S60. "Be Jos* end *W not?Lt* e? Hie ende Thon Alme't at be thy Country'*, Thj Ood'i an* Truth'*.' THE TRUE SOUTHRON, OonaoUdated Aug. 2,1881, 8?MTER, 8. 0., WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 6. 1917. VoLXLV. No. 6. mm io Russia. LOS* Or riga may HAVK MO nrrtovs efficct on coun? try. Ol?mi Mai Nest Occupy Petio 0PM i?4 That Pun of Ru**la?It MM Depend* upon (Haw Great in Aruty They Cm a Spun for Opcia Riga, the Russian's principal Bnl 1c pert hee been evacuated by the Ruv eteue under the threat of a combin? ed] lead and tea attack. The fate of JUnjU wee virtually sealed Saturday urtuha Cue Germans croaeed the Dvlna Heer gjmthouet and pushed towards mm ***, niter making good their foot ueu4 dpi the right bank of the river. tHiejil wafghlpa are hovering In the OtthT el Riga. The possible military runsim in ir are difficult to estimate. It depends upon the situation on the Italtea and German front and how large a ferae they want to spare for thai territory. The lose of Riga and ev? en evacuation of Petrograd Itself has ueeu rbreeast In official dispatches to WeahtUel** during the past two wssha. It Is net viewed with ae much alarm ea might Jfec supposed with the occupation of Petrograd In prospect. , The capital will undoubtedly be mov? ed) tu Meeoow. The leaders who are trying to form a new government may view this as a blessing as life In Pe? trograd under the German heel may he a food lesson to the radicals who are hampering the government. Mos? cow la the center of the conservative element and Imbued with sentiments Of Raadaa greatness. It la prob? lematic ftl whether Oermans will at? tempt b> maintain a large army In this sandten In view of the Ice difficulties and the winter hardships The Instability of the Russian troops mire no cod the decision to evacuate Riga. Seme of the unite left the trenches without fighting. The French repulsed German at? tache en the Awns. Heavy artillery JSltnUj It r%ported at Verdun. The iMnpma troops In Roomanr? are ehtuts-g iftrmor resistance on the Reu * oiuuimtn) dssnt? Vitallane today advanced farth ^ Ipe vicinity of Oorlsla. G15RMANB TAJIK RIGA. It en Is an Admit That Arsiy Has A ben ehnerd Great Baltic Pert to Enemy. Petrograd. Sept. 3.?The Russians have eis ousted Riga. he war of? fice an i ounces. e> air PLANK RAIDS DOVER. One Person Killed and HU Injured. liondoe. Sept. I.?One person w\ killed and six hurt by tr.e raid of a single Osrman airplane direct id against Dover last night. SEVKNTY-FIVE BALES TO CAR RstlresMhi' War Board 11 xe* Amount of Cotton Shipments la Southesstem District. -:? ? . Waahtngton. Sept. 2*.?Fairfax Har? rison, chairman of the railroads' wai ? heard, authorises the following: With the movement o* the cotton crop scheduled to begin this fall at a time when a combination of govern? ment snd commercial business will be bringing tremendous pressure to bear upon the railroads the commission on car service of the railroads' war board has Issued Instructions prohibiting th shipping of cotton in quantities of lea than II bales per car and requiring a many more to be loaded as the size o the car furnished will permit. Notice to this effect has Just beet sent to buyers of cotton together wltl e request that they place orders for their requirement* on a basis of no' less than II bales or multiples there of |n the Southwest and Mlasuwlpp' delta districts, the average car wll' load IS bales snd In the Southeast die trlet the average car with load V bah? Consequently buyers are asked to order In multiples of 8fi from th Southwest und In multiples of 76 fro* th< Southeast districts. The new territory will be taxed t the maximum capacity of faellltlc tht* fall and the acceptance of frelgb sy the railroads serving the terrltor north of t?,r ?>hlo snd Potomac rlv ere wtll have to bs carefully rcgutat Od. NORWAY IM HUNGRY. Ha? Pmvlalon? for Only Ohe Mom I snd No Prospect* for More. Copenhagen. Kept. 3. The ehrt* t la nie nodal Democratlchen assert that Norway baa piovlalons for onl one month, slth Import prospect* gloomy It ergea I he government U Mise prPste stocks. Sil MILL TROOPS. SIX BATTALIONS TO BE ORGAN? IZED AT ONCE. Applicant* for This Brunch of Ser? vice Must be Expert M1U Men or Much Experience. Columbia. Sept. 3.?The war de? partment la setting about to organise immediately six battalions of forestry, Saw mill troops. One of tho battalions Is to be organised from the States of North Carolina, South Carolina, Geor? gia, Florida, Alabama and Tennessee. Applicants for enlistment must know alt details of saw mill work, be ablo to assemble thq parts and set up a mill, operate and be competent to In? struct others as to operation. Letters of application should be sent to Maj. B. A. Waldron, U. 8. engineer office. Wilmington, N. C. The following let? ter of information as to the proposed organisation has been sent out in call? ing for enlistments: "The men for this organisation will be secured by voluntary enlist? ment ard by draft in accordance with the arrangements now being perfected In .Washington, D. C. The district en? gineer officer stationed at Wilming? ton, N. C. has been directed to secure a certain number of commissioned of? ficers for duty with these troops. The pay of these officers range from $1,700 to $3.000 per year with 10 per cent. 1?crease, while on foreign service. The officers when appointed will become member* of the engineer officers re? serve corps, but as in this case men with special training in saw mill work pre deslrsd. some of the strict re? quirements for admission to the engi? neer officers' reserve corps are waiv? ed. However, the applicant must be I familiar with all ths details of saw mill work, must be able to assemble or erect a saw mill sad opsrate same as well as to Instruct others in its operation. "It seems hardly nscssary to point out that for a saw mill man this Is an exceptionable opportunity for him ? to serve hia countr** and to be em? ployed while so Coirf upon the work 'the dstairs of which He Is entirely fe : miliar with. On account of the ex ? ceeding desirability of these positions It should be possible to select men well qualified to All them. "Any one who thinks he possesses ths necessary qualifications ahould, as a patriotic duty, aend a letter to Maj. A. E. Waldron. U. S. engineer office Wilmington, N. C, setting forth his experience In saw mill work and also state whether he believes himself to i be phyalcaily able to stand tho hard? ships which must be endured while erecting and operating a saw mill in a timber covered region. If he lhas any physical defects, It would be well to state the nature thereof. "The letter referred to above should be written at once aa it la desired tc make the selection of the successful men at aa early a date as Is practi? cable and still give all experienced managers, superintendents, operators etc., a chance to submit their applica? tions." A. C. L. EMPLOYEES GET OVER? TIME. Workmen at Florence Shops to Be Paid Wages About Which There Has Been Dispute. Florence, Sept. 2.?The employees at the Atlantic Coaat Line shops are not in the stock market, but they ex? pect a great watermelon cutting with in the next few days. Something like $15,000 is to be paid out to the em? ployees here, each man receiving his share. This money is the increase in wages granted under the last agree? ment of eight and a-half cents an hour. It la back pay on nine hours a day for every working day since March 1. when the wage agreement was adopted. The roads would not give tho back pay in the first settle? ment and there has been a long drawn out contest which was settled in the agreement recently reported between the Southeastern railroad* und their 32,000 employees. This mel on cutting will give ea^h machinis' and boiler maker and oth'>r emp'oye' drawing the standard wauo about $100. SENATE DISREGARDS HOLIDAY. Hard st Work on War Profits Tin Measure*. Washington. Sept. I,? Despite tin holiday the senate worked on the wa: tax bill hoping to dispose of tb profits tax before Wednesday. Both ndvecetSI and opponents of higher levsls for the tav arc sneaking today The Income tax provision is the next I ft stare to be lahea tip I RESERVE RANK STRONG. FINANCES OF COUNTRY IN FINE SHAPE. I Board Issues Statement Showing Tre? mendous Growth of Fedcrul Re? serve System. Washington, Sept. 2.?The country's financial system, the federal reserve board announced tonight, is stronger than it Tie? ever been before. "Ad? justments necessitated by reserve transfers from member banks to fed? eral reserve banks, with the conse? quent shifting of fuids, have been completed," says the board s state? ment. "The bankt of the country are now, therefore, definitely upon the re? serve basis established by the act of June 21. Federal reserve banks have continued the policy of maintaining their resources in as strong and as j liquid ' condition us possible, showing 1 on August 24 a percentage of re? serve's against deposits of 80.6 per cent, and against notes of 86.5 per cent. "There has been a continuance of j the movement of State banks into tho federal reserve system while by open-! Ing clearing accounts with the fed-! eral reserve banks and sending In gold and gold certificates non-mem? ber banks In various parts of the country have been cooperating ac? tively with federal reserve banks In consolidating the gold resources of the country. "But to these and other contribut? ing factors the federal reserve system finds itself at the opening autumn In an unprecedentedly strong positon, Its total holdings of cash on August 24 being $1,427,769,000." The tremendous growth of the sys? tem's activities is reflected in Its re? cent discount operations, attributable in many instances to the huge finab* cial operations of the government. "During July, 1917." the board an? nounced, "discount operations of trfe federal reserve banks totalled $460, 733,363, or more than double the to? tal discounts of the banks of the en? tire calendar year of 1916. Of the monthly discounts over 85 per center $395,452,415, were In the form of member banks* collateral notes. "Almost 64 per cent, of these notes were handled by the Nov. iork bank, which reports the discount during the month of all such notes aggregating $262,654,805. All tho bfanks except Atlanta, Minneapolis, Dallas and San Francisco report a larger volume of collateral notes than customers' paper discounted for their members." The federal reserve banks' total as? sets of $2,021,237,000 are compared with assets of central banks of other nations as follows: "Bank of England $1,124,510,000; Bank of France $4,539,205,000; Rus? sian State tank $8,628,817,000; Bank of Italy $1,689,905,000; German RIchsbank $3,279,288,000; Bank of Netherlands $339,140,000; Riksbank of Sweden $179,313,000; Bank Spain $736,752,000; Swiss National Bank $131,748,000; Bank of Japan $57T, 596,000." The assets given for the federal reserve banks report the aggregate of 12 reserve banks only, and do not Include the $16,000,000,000 assets of the 7,681 member banks of the sys cm. COTTON DETERIORATES. Coker Says Crop Reduced 20 Per Cent. Already. Columbia, Sept. 3.?D. R. Coker of Hartsvllle, president of the State Council of National Defense and chairman of the food conservation ad? ministration in this State, spent yes? terday in Columbia. \Tr. Coker says that cotton crops in the Pee Dee have deteriorated approximately 20 per cent, during the last two weeks. Th? dry weather has- not been so injur? ious to corn, as the greater propor? tion of the crop was already mature Cattle In the Pee Dee are selling nearly 100 per cent, above figures ub talning one year ago, he says. Boo cattlo are quoted generally at seven Siid eight cents and hogs 1 2 and 1! cents. - Large Rice Yield. Little Rock, Ark., Sept. I.?The rise yield of Arkansas for 1111 will DC 7 onn.noo bushels, according to a fore? cast today by A. I). Deals, secretary of the Arkansas Hice Shippers4 and Traffic Bureau. The yield last year was 6,600,000 bushels. London. Sent. I,?The annual Trade Lnton Congress representing more than three million workers Is meet? ing at Blackpool today, it Is expect* od to decide that it is not sdvlsuhle to send British delegates to the Stank? holm peace conference. SPEAKS TO LABOR. IN LETTER TO GOMPERS, WILSON SPEAKS OP WORKMEN'S LOYALTY. Attitude or Americans Who Oppose Country's Cause Contrasted With Devotion of Soldiers and Sailors? Conference hi Minneapolis. Washington, Sept. 2.?'T rty ap? proval of the conference of the Amer? ican Alliance for Labor and Democ? racy, to be held at Minneapolis next Tuesday, and the task it will under? take of suppressing disloyalty has been given by President Wison in a letter to Samuel Gompers, president of the American Federation of Labor und chairman of the alliance. The letter, made public here today, denounce those who seek to ignore America's grievance against Ger? many and insists "that a nation whose citizens have been foully murderted under their flag; whose neighbors have been invited to make conquest agamst it and whess patience in pressing the claims of Justice and hu? manity has been met with the most shameful policy of truculcnce and treachery does not know its own mind and has no comprehensible rea? son for defending itself." "While our soldiers and sailors are doing their manful work to hold back reaction In its most brutal and ag? gressive form," the president wrote, "we must oppose at home the organ? ized and individual efforts of those dangerous elements who hide disloy? alty behind a screen of specious and evasive phrases." The letter follows: "My Dear Mr. Gompers: I "I am sure you understand that my Inability to accept the invita j tion to address the Minneapolis con ' ference of the American Alliance for I Labor and Democracy is due only to I official necessity, and not in any de ! gree to lack of appreciation of the importance of the occasion. The I cause you and your fellow patriots , uphold is one with the cause we arc defending with arms. While our sol - ' diers and sailors are doing their man? ful work to hold back reaction in its most brutal and agresslve form, we must oppose at home the organized and individual efforts of those dan? gerous elements who hide disloyalty I behind a screen of specious and evasive phrases. "I have read with real pride the names of the men and women who are to take part in the Minneapolis conference. Not one but has a record of devoted service to fundamental democracy; not one but has fought the long, hard fight for equal justice, braving every bitterness that the humblest life might know a large measure of happiness. "With all ray heart I want them to feel that their devotion to country Is in no wise a betrayal of principle, and that in serving America today they are serving their cause no less faithfully than in the past. I my? self have had sympathy with the fear* ! of the workers of the United States-; I for the tendency of the war is to i ward reaction and too often mill j tary necessities have been made an exuse for the destruction of Iaborious I ly erected industrial and social stan? dards. These fears happily have prov? ed to be baseless. With quickened sympathies and appreciation, with a I new sense of the invasive and insidi? ous dangers of oppression, our peo? ple have not only held every inch of ground that has been won by years of struggle but have added to the gains of the 20th century dong every line of human betterment. Questions ot wages and hours of labor and in? dustrial readjustments have found a solution which gives to the toiler a new dignity and a new sense of so? cial and economic security. I beg you to feel that my support has not been lacking and that the government hns not failed at any point in granting every just request advanced by you and your associates in the name o'. the American worker. "No out who is not blind can fall to see that the battle line of democ? racy for America stretches today from the fields of Flanders to every house and workshop where toiling, upward striving men and women are counting the treasures of right and justice and liberty which are being threatened by our present enemies. "It has not been a matter of sur? prise to me that the lenders In eer tain groups have sought to ignore our! grievances against the men who have equally misled the German people Their Insistence that n nation whose rights have been grossly Violated,! whose citizens have been foully mur dered under their own flag, whose neighbors have been Invited to loin in making conquest of its territory,' STATE COUNCIL OF DEFENSE. MONTHLY MEETING WILL BE HELD IN SUMTEK. Crowded Condition of Columbia Hotels Forces State Council to Select Tills City as Place of Meeting. Columbia, Sept. 3.?Because of the crowded condition of the Columbia hotels it has been decided to hold the monthly meeting of the State Council of Defense at Sumt r, Thursday morn? ing, September 6th. The meeting will begin at 9.30 A. M. The chair? man of the County Councils of De? fense arc urged to attend the meeting. A representative of the National I Council of Defense will be present and deliver an address. BOOZE AND TOBACCO BILL. American People Spent More for Li? quors Last Year Than Ever Be? fore. Washington, Sept. 3.?All Ameri? can records for the consumption of whiskey, cigars, cigarettes and tobac? co were broken during the last fiscal year, according to the preliminary re? port of the commissioner of internal revenue. Taxes wero paid on one hundred and sixty-four million gal? lons of distilled spirits, which was twenty-six million more than the previous high record. Cigars con? sumed amounted to ninety per capita. Cigarettes increased forty per cent. The increase In cigarettes is attributed to the tremendous growth of the hab? it among women. ATTACKED BY" U-BOAT. Experience of South Carolinian In Crossing Atlantic. Camden, Sept. 1.?Lieut. Commdr. William Ancrum, who was called to Join the American fleet in Britsh waters under Admiral Sims several weeks ago, did not reach his destina? tion without exciting adventures. Ac? cording to a letter received by his wife, which was written at sea, the armed merchant liner on which he sailed was attacked one Sunday morn? ing by a u-boat, and they had a run? ning fight which lasted three-quarters of an hour. The German boat shell I ed them from a distance of two miles. No shots struck thte ships, though some fell close by. By putting on full steam and zigzagging the liner es? caped. Two British destroyers an? swered their S. O. S. call to come to the aid of the liner. All passengers had on their life belts and the life boats were made ready, but were not needed. CORPORATION AND INCOME TAX. Federal Government Collected $360, 000,000 From This Source. Washington, Sept. 3.?Individauls and corporations paid more than $360,000,000 income taxes during the last fiscal year, according to the pre? liminary report of tho commissioner of internal revenue. This was about equally divided between individuals and corporations. South Carolina paid $4 98,000 In corporation taxes and $81,000 individual. whose patience in pressing the claims of truculence and treachery?their in? sistence that a nation so outraged does not know its own mind, that it has no com prehensile reason for de? fending itself, or for joining with all its might in maintaining a free future for itself and its ideals, is of a peace with their deafness to the oft repeat? ed statement of our national purposes "Is it, perhaps, that these forces of antagonism have not yet learned to know the voice of that America we love and serve? It ma;' well be that those among us who stand ready to forward the plans of aggression bred in secret do not understand the lan ! guage of democracy when it proclaims the purpose of war in terms of a peace for the peoples that shall be un? troubled by those to whom men are but the pawns in their struggle for power and gain. But true Americans those who toil here for home and the hope of better things, whose lifted eyes have caught the vision of a liber? ated world, have said that of the policy of blood and iron there shall be an end and that equal justice which is the heart of democracy shall rule in its stead. "May not those who toil and thos? who have made common CSUSS of the larger hope for the messes of mankind take renewed heart as they j think of those days when America ha ; taken its .stand for the rights of hu? manity and the fellowship of social and International justice? ? Sin 'rely yours, . "Woodrow Wilson." 1 ARMY IN FRANCE. AMERICA RELIES ON FRENCH TO MAKE CAMPS READY. Large Quartermaster Store? Establish? ed Along Future Lines of Sammies in France. American Field Headquarters in France, Thursday, Aug. 30 (By the Associated Press, Delayed).?A trip along the American lines of communi? cation from the sea to field headquar? ters reveals in striking manner the immense plans which have been made to serve and care for the large army the United States hopes to have in France. In the making of these plans gieat reliance is being placed for the time being upon the French, whose ability and willingness to help the Americans- seem to be wholly Inez im us' ible. For the present, American army and navy aviators in France are studying in French schools, using French machines of all types. Scores of these aviators are now taking their instructions and will later join the French flying squadrons. Later they may be transferred to the American army as they would form an experi? enced and self-reliant force for ser? vice when the American troops take their place in the line. Many other I Americans who are training with the French are being instructed solely for service with the French army. Al? ready they have had actual experience in flying, but army aviators are not breveted until they have flown a total of 25 hours. Naval aviators qualify after 15 hours of flights. Three flyers have met death thus far. This is regarded as a remark? ably light percentage. The French have been delighted with the aptness of their American pupils, who seem to have a nature bent for flying and learn quickly. Casualties In the aerial service are always heavy, es? pecially when the men first go over the line into enemy country, but pilots and observers who survive the first week or month of actual war flying are considered of the greatest value, giving the corps its prestige and ex? ample in morale. Large quartermaster stores are be? ing established along the American lines of communication with the idea of. so placing them that the troops may be supplied in all directions and over a wide front. Here again the French are lending invaluable aid, having turned over to the Americans many of their own field buildings. Some of them are complete with French staffs. Efforts are now being made in formulating the American organisa? tion to obtain the right men for thn right places. It Is realized that an expert in food importation and dis? tribution can not render the best ser? vice in charge of the clothing depart? ment, although such makeshifts oc cassionally are necessary as tem? porary arrangements. Medical reserve bases from which field and base hospitals will be sup? plied have been established with com? plete stores even to comfortable rock? ing chairs for convalescents. The field bakery which has been established at some distance from the present American camps has been so pi iced as to supply the army most advantageously when it grows to larger proportions. This bakery supplies white broad made from American flour for all American troops. The British troops also re? ceive whit.j bread but the French get I brown war loaves. CLASH OF AUTHORITY. Be*/, Lowdcn of Illinois Goes to Chi? cago. Chicago Sept. 3.?Gov. Lowden came here to take charge of the sit? uation arising out of the conflict of autho-ity between him and Mayor Thompson over the holding of the peace conference by the People's Council of America. The chief of po? lice said so far as he knew there are no prospects of another meeting as the delegates completed their work yesterday. The soldiers who were sent here .ast ni^ht were withdrawn. I The mayor is out of the city, i_ _ GOT. FKRGUSON ON TRIAL Impeachment Pro**ciedlngs Begun In Texas Sonate. Austin. Texas. Rept I.- The im? peachment trial of Gee. Ferguson was begun In the senate today. American Schooner lost. Washington. Sept. I.?The State department is advised ihat the Amer? ican schooner Pari W, Freeey was senk hy a submarine August 22rd. The rrew were sat sd.