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Hlnor Faid To Memory W Coiledwate Soldiers Honorable Thomai t. McDow of York in Memorial Day Ad drees Given Convincing Argument That Course of Southern Soldier Was Right and His Cause Wen Just?Pays Beautiful Tribute to Daughters of Confederacy For Work They tfavo Pone. It - ? Ttk? following Is the address deliv? ered (at the Sumter Cemetery on Mo movfeJ Day by the Hon. Thomas P. Mellow of York at the annual Me mosfei Day exercises: Madam,Frei4dant. Ladies and Gen? tlemen: I esteem It a privilege and an honor to join In this day's solemn m enlists fifty -one years ago the ast battle nag of the Houth was furled. Our country was a land of ruins and ererg horn* ape a house of mourning, Bvefa^hete could be seen black veil? ed saure? of lonely and grief strlek ea women bending over new made graves, and hearts quivering with pain were achtag for the sound of voices which had been stilled forever in the shook of hfttle. Amid tbjjs gloom Memorial Day was established In the South in 186G. It Is a day asJtred to the memory of the Confederate dead. It la un occasion whea we Jk$re to pause In our busy Irren, to give expression to the feelings whtah animate us sll as se con tern puts for a brier hour the virtues and achievements of the Confederate sol? dier. If some ahouffhtlese one should In? quire of us why It Is. after the lapse of half a csWtury, we continue to ob? serve this,flay, when all of the Issues out, of wbjkjh the war grew have been settled, xaaen the passions and hate which it 1 engendered have pass? ed away, jlbd when we are onoe more a free, s> united and happy people, 11 aligner, because this day with Its as-] sootatlons and memories embodies the noejeet thought, ideals and aspira? tions of oyr people In the proudest peifad of-.their history, because in joining With the few surviving Con? federates In celebrating this day we renew and reaffirm our faith In the jusUre of the cause for which they served and tor which they died; be? cause, we case, kt to them, to ourselves anu f > our children to see that history Jusslaos tj^eag in the sight of poster? ity. ' Sat f< semM vine vory little of the time allowed me in Justifying the Con? federate soldier. Others have done tees better than I can ever hope to do. 1 know how bard it is to do It rightly, how impossible It is to do It worthily His fame,is secure and'es? tablished, secure by reason of what he dared and what he achieved. "Who," says Swlnton. the Northern historian, "that over looked upon It can ever fc ?et that army of tattered uniforms t bright muskets, that body of Incomparable Infantry, which for four years carried the revolt upon Its bayonets, opposing a eonstant front to the mighty concentration of power brought against it. which, re? ceiving terrible blows, did not fail to give the like, and which, vital In Its parts, died only with Its annihilation." At the beginning of tho war the South was without an established gov? ernment, without arsenals or factor lea, with no organised army or navy, and. from first to last, could enroll only COO.OSS men In her army; with no credit among foreign nations, with? out recognition from any of the pow? ers of the world, yet, in tho face of all these tremendous difficulties, it waged a partially successful war with one of the moat powerful nations of the world, rich in all of the resources of war, with armories and arsenals, with an organised army and navy, and v/lth an army numbering, from first to last, nearly three million men. The mcyre statement of these fact' forever established the high quality I and character of the Southern sol-! dter. The Macedonian Phalanx of \lexander. fhe Tent -1 U rion of Caesar, and tho old (luard of Napota n never exhibited upon th* battlefield higher qualities ef endurance and uplendld cotirag* than the Southern soldier, end his heroism was only equalled by the loyal devotion and self-sacrifice of the Southern women. We do not think It Is any k>agef I question even among the best in " formed scholars of the North as t > the legal and moral rUht of the South to have seceded from the I'nion. Th? legal right of the South to withdraw from the I'nion Is clear among all the abl?st scholars and historians that i he North no longer disputes It. How could they, when they a *? con? fronted with the faej thai New Bns> I laad at least six times before threatened to wphdrnw from tho Un Ion. peaceably if It could, forcibly If It must: f^a* Massachusetts b->i ||y hk serted the right of i .state t>> se.ee l In Mot und again lt< HI). When Lou I 'ana nought adrdsslor to the Union her leading statesman. Mr. Qutneey, then declared: "That tlr passage of the bill to admit Louisiana would be a dissolution of tho Union, and that it would ha the right of all and the duty of some to prepare for a separation, peaclbly if they could, forcibly if they must." In 1844, when the annexation of Texas was under consideration, the legislature of Massachusetts passed this resolution: "The commonwealth of Massachusetts, faithful to Its com? pact between the States, according to tho plain meaning and intent by which1 it is understood by them, is sincerely anxious for its preservation, but it is determined, as' it doubts not the other ' States are, to submit undelegated pow? ers to no body of men on earth, and tho project of the annexation of Tex? as, unless arrest od on the thre shold, may tend to drive these States into a dissolution of the Union." ^ Indeed, the right of secession was taught as ono of the reserved rights of the 8ta d at West Point by Chan? cellor Rawle, and Charles Francis Adams, "a typical bred-ln-the-bohe Yankee," as he describes himself to be in his Centennial oration on Leo, says: "Yet. when the National Con? stitution was framed and adopted, that question (the right of a State to secede) was confessedly left undecid? ed, and intentionally so left: and more than this, cvon, the Federal Con? stitution was theoretically and avowedly based on the . idea of a di? vided sovereignty, in utter disregurd of the fact that* when a false Issue is presented sovereignty does not permit of division. Two whole generations passed away between the adoption of the federation constitution and tho War of Secession. When that war broke out In 1861 the last of tho fram? ers had been a sco-o of years in his grave, but evidence is conclusive tbat until the decennlum between 1830 and 1940 the belief was nearly universal (hat in case of a linn I, unavoidable lu? pus sovereignty resided in the State,, and that to it allegiance was due." The law was so laid down in the Kentucky Resolutions of 1798, and to the law, as thus laid down, Daniel Webster assented. This interpreta? tion of the constitution was followed by so unprejudiced and acute a for? eign observer ao De Tocqueville, and later by James Bryce of England. If further evidence is needed to support the statement that the South had the right to secede, It may be found in tho following admission from Henry Cabot Lodge, tho distinguished senator from Massachusetts. Ho says: "When tho constitution was adopted by the votes of the States at Phila? delphia, and accepted by tho votes of the States in popular convention, it In sale to say that thcro was not a man in the country, from Washington and Hamilton one the one side to Georgo Clinton and George Mason on the other, who regarded tho new con? stitution as anything but an experi? ment entered into by the States, and from which each and every State had a right to withdraw." But this doctrine of State sover lelsnty has later been affirmed by both [Republicans and Democrats. It was (rcntlirmed by .lames G. I Maine when, fas Secretary of State, he took the po slton, when certain Italians in New Orleans wore murdered, that I*oulsi ann was a sovereign State and the United States could not be made to answer for her acts, and the doctrine of State sovereignty Is today a live is? sue in the State of California, which now manjtalns that the Question of the Immigration of tho Japanese is solely a matter for the State of Cali? fornia, to he dealt with In Its sovereign capacity, without Interference on the part of the United states government. Authorities mighl be multiplied, ibut those we have quoted overwhelm? ingly Omlntaln the legal and moral right of the South to withdraw from the Union. Of course, we are aware that this question is nest only academic; that it was settled l>y the arbitrament oi the sword; and against (his settlement we have now no word of complaint, ii is important now only as it hears up? on the Justice of the cause for which the South staked its all and lost, and j it Is important to keep these facts of hlstorj clearly in mind, because it fr?es the conscience of our people from an> taint of blame or dishonor, and for this reason it may not be amiss to discuss fat s moment the at? titude of the South towards slavery. Yeti have read In your histories that Bnglajld and New England wer? engaged In the slave traffic man.v y< ars hefore a slave wa* ever owned In tho South, and the super-sensitive -_-1 r? 11 m ?? ? ? ^ II >i . ? i i ' I.? I .qenfcience of New England seemed to be In a state of profound torpor as to the iniquity of the slave trade and slavery until it was ascertained that slaves could not he profitably worked In New England, and while it was en? gaged in the slave trade the legislature of Virginia was busy passing resolu? tions against it. In a very able paper on the Mis? understanding Botween the Sections, Col. Robert lUngham uses this lan? guage: "We are told by John Flske In his "Critical Poriod of American History," that further importation of slaves Into Virginia was prohibited by law as early as 1769, and that New Kngland voted with South Carolina and Georgia in the federal convention of 1787 for an extension of the slave trade for 20 years; that In 1827, out of 137 anti-slavery societies with a membership of 6,625?106, with a membership' of 5,150, were in the South, and while the South was working out its race problem of gradual emanci? pation William Loyd Garrison inau? gurated his abolition movement, and this, with the murders of Nat Turner In Virginia, caused tho disappearance of every anti-slavery society in the South by 1839." The statesmen of the South at that period of our country's history, in point of loftiness of character and ability, compared favorably with the greatest statesmen^ of tho world, and it is impossible not to believe that if the South had been allowed to work out its own race prdbllem, free from interference from the North, that 'it would eventually have abolished, slavery with a duo regard to the in-, terest of the slave and of his master*. without the horrors of war and rei construction. '?Uncle Tom's. Cabin," written by % brilliant but ill-informed and faction-. ul woman, set the North crazy, in*, flamed its passions and dethroned its judgment and its reason. Tho condin tlons set out in this book were, for: the most part, false from cover to. cover. . ., ! The truth Is that tho Interests of the North and South were In sharp conflict. Tho diversity of interest ex* Istlng between the sections grew un? til a settlement of the issues other than by force was impossible. Tho generally accepted statement that the South was hurried into the conflict by rash leaders is wholly without foundation. The question of secession was debated in every nook land corner of tho South; the plain people as well as the rich and cultur? ed were thoroughly Informed upon I the issues, and many of the most in? fluential men In the South strongly opposed the dissolution of the Union, but the overwhelming sentiment of the ehtlro population of the South was ihat there was no other honorable course left except to withdraw from the Union, which was only a Union in name. The guaranteed rights of the South under the constitution had been open? ly nullified and the fundamental law of the land had been denounced as "a league with death and a covenant with hell." No ono can read tho debates of our Southern statesmen during that period without reaching the conclu? sion that every effort at conciliation and compromise had been exahusted, and the solo question left was wheth? er the South would remain in the Union and have her rights under the constitution denied her, her just de? mands refused, and for an indefinite lime submit to indignity and insult. She demanded equality in tho sister? hood of States. This was denied her. Site then asked to be allowed to de? part in peace, and this was refused. The result of her action proved dis? astrous, but, for my own part, I be? lieve it is tho duty of a nation, as of an individual, to act according to the I dictates of Its conscience; that it is better, a thousand times better, to suf? fer defeat than dishonor, und for this treason the South was justified in law, in morals and in conscience in with? in: wing from the Union and calling upon her sons to defend their homes and llresldos. : : . '. Cildersleye tells us in his "Cited of tho Old South" that a northern student of tho war once said to him, "If the ! outhorn people had been of a statistical turn there would have been no secession, there Aotjhi have been no war," and Dr. GUdersleeve adds: "But there were men enough of a statistical turn in the South to warn the people against l he enormous expense Of independ? ence, just an there are men enough of a statistical turn in Italy to re? mind the Kalians of the enormous i ost of national unity. "Counting the cost" is in things temporal the only wise course, BS in the building of a tower; but there are times In the life >f an Individual, of a people, when he things that are eternal force Mum Ivos i111?? the calculation, und the abacus is nowhere, "Neither ?ount i my life dear unto myself" is i sentiment thai does not enter into the domain of statistics. The great j anthenlan statesman who saw the necessity of the Polpponneslan war war. not above statistics, as he showed when he passed in review the resources Of the Athenian empire ,the tribute ^ ? ? 1 from the allies, tjhc treasure laid up in the House of tlio Virgin. But when he addressed the people in justifica? tion of tho war, he based his argu? ment, not on a calculation of mater? ial resources, but on a simple principle of right. Submission to any en? croachment, the least as well as the greatest, on the rights of a State means slavery. To us submission meant slavery, as it did to Pericles and the Atheniuns; as it did to the great historian of Greece, who had learned his lesson from the Pelopon nesian war, and who took sides with the Southern States, to the great dis? may of his fellow-ridacls,' who could not see, as George Grote saw, the real point at issue in thef controversy. Sub? mission is slavery, and the bitterest taunt in the vocabulary of those who advocated secession was "submission ist.M ? No people ever made a nobler or a grander struggle to obtain their liber? ty and their rights. Their failure was without any taint of dishonor or shame, and when at last their battle flags were furled and they came home to rebuild, their dismantled homes and broken fortunes the entire South exhibited the same courage and forti? tude which had illustrated the valor of Its soldiern upon hundreds of bat- i tlefields. It has been contended that in the hour of the South's defeat the North was magnanimous, that no blood flowed, and that no lives were sacri? ficed. The statement that no blood flowed was true. The statement that the South received magnanimous treatment is infamously false. After ,it laid down its arms it was treated as ,a. conquered province. Its people were okmdered and oppressed by the form? ier slaves, the carpet bagger and the motive renegade. Equality between ,thc. white master and the former slave was sought to be enforced at the point of the United States bayo ,nets. Contending for four years that 4he South was never out of the Un Ipn,, it nevertheless had to be recon? structed into it. .,. It is true that Grant was magnani? mous at Appomattox. For that all honor to his memory, but the utmost stretch of broadest charity will not enable us to forget his conduct in the black night of reconstruction. The courage, the firmness and the dis? cipline of the Confederate soldier was . of -inestimable value in wresting the government from tho hands of ne? groes and carpet-baggers during the period of reconstruction, when north? ern bayonets were at our throats. j(J'The.value of a country," says Lowell, is weighed in scales more delicate than tho balance of trade. On a map of the world you may cover Judea with your thumb, Athens with a fingertip, and neither of these fig? ures in the prices current, yet they still live in the thought and action of every civilized man. Material success is good, but only as the preliminary of better things. The measure of a nation's true success is the amount it has contributed to the thought, the moral energy, the Intellectual happi? ness, tho spiritual hope and consola? tion of mankind." Measured by this standard South Carolina has nothing to fear. Tho past of South Carolina Is at least secure. Tho opinions of her judges have been quoted with approval in West? minster Hall. She has given to the medical profession J. Marion Sims; to theology the great Thorn well; to literature Sims, I^egare and Timrod. Tho roll of her distinguished states? men Is too long to call. Suffice it to say, that our hearts thrill with pride as we remember the conspicuous part played by our people upon the battle? fields of America and by her represen? tatives in the legislative hall in the golden days of Kutledge, Pinekney, Laurens, l^owndes and McDuftic. In that period of our State's glorious past her people were unltod by a common pride and a common love of country find animated by a common purpose. Our leaders were not only masterful men hut patriots. For forty years tho highest aspirations of the South found expression in the towering in? tellect of tho great Carolinian, in his unyielding courage, his ardent patriotism, his pure and unspotted life and character. He was the embodi? ment of the thought, the opinions, the principles and tho character of the South. When ho was laid to rest in St. Phillips churchyard by a stricken and devoted people, the type of man of which he was a fit representative was not extinct in this noble old coin- J monwealth, We still had with us the lion's brood, Kershaw and Wallace, [ llagood and Jenkins, Hampton and Haskolls. No age or country ever produced a nobler or a knightlier race. They were the representatives of our civilization and tho types of our citi? zenship. The United Daughters of the Con? federacy, by their unselfish labor of love, have laid upon tho men of the South a debt Ol gratitude they can never cancel. They are collecting and have collected the material for a true history of the Southern soldier and the Southern people. They have marked the graves of the fallen he? roes of the lost cause everywhere. / They have reared monuments of marble and granite to commemorate the virtues and the valor of the sol? diers of the South. Everywhere and on all occasions they have more than measured up to the full standard of duty nobly done to the living and to the dead. The memory of the Con? federate soldier can never perish from the earth as long as men cherish the virtues of courage, honor, and love of country. The deeds of heroism performed by the Confederate soldier will live in tho literature of all lands after the granite monuments erected to his memory have crumbled into dust. I repeat that his fame is secure by reason of what he dared and what he achieved. It is fitting that on this Memorial Day all over the South our people should gather to pay their tribute of love to his memory and to decorate their graves with choicest llowers, but it seems to me that this Memorial Day should be made the occasion for deep and reverent gratitude to God for the lofty and unselfish patriotism, as well as tho supreme courage, which characterized the people of the South during the Civil War. It ought to be made the occasion for awaken? ing the love of country in all our hearts, for appealing to the higher and better instincts of our people to cease from petty and factional strife, and to devote their time and their substance to the education of our citizenship, to the promotion and ad? vancement of the moral and spiritual welfare of all our people, that It should be made the occasion for quickening the conscience of our peo? ple into a higher conception of, civic and religious life, and when this is done our future will be worthy of our past, and wo may look forward to a South Carolina free and emancipated from discord and strife among her own people, and to a citizenship edu? cated, cultured and enlightened from tho mountains to the sea, rich in ma? terial prosperity, gloriously rich in moral worth, sublimely rich in spirit? ual and intellectual greatness. SEABOARD AIH LINE WRECK. Two Persons Killed and Five Injured Near Raleigh. Raleigh, N. C, May 12.?Two per? sons were killed and live injured when the Flamingo Special of the Seaboard Air Line was wrecked early today. Defective Switch tlie Cause. Raleigh, N. C, May 12.?-A defective switch caused the^wrcck Jft Uifi^ Sea? board flyer fifty miles north of Ral <?ii;h. The train was derailed. The dead are W. C. Mingra, of Henderson and lievvie Thomas, of Raleigh. En? gineer W. B. Stephenson, is probab? ly fatally hurt. The wreck delayed the transport train carrying troops to the Mexican border three hours. TELEGRAPH STRIKE THREATEN? ED. Discharge of Union Telegraphers Makes Trouble for Western Union. Washington, D. C, May 12.? Because of the discharge of eleven operators a general strike of union telegraphers employed by the West? ern Union Is threatend. I.#ocal Union President Blakely announces that he has been promised the support of all union telegraphers. The eleven men were discharged because a spotter I found out that they belonged to tho union. C RITICISED GREAT BRITAIN. Missouri Congressman Introduces Resolution Condemning Execution of Irish Ijcndcrs. Washington, 1). C, May 12.? Representative Dyer of Missouri in? troduced a resolution criticizing Great Britain for the execution of the Irish rebel leaders. ASQUFTH IN DUBLIN. Premier Making: an Inspection and May End Martial Law. Dublin, May 12.?Premier Asquith has arrived here and is inspecting conditions. It Is believed that mar? tial law will be ended as the result of his visit. GALE IN NEW YORK. Adirondack Region Swept by Great Storm. titles. N, Y., May 12.?One of the vurst gales in years swept the full length of the Fulton chain of lakes in tlie Adriondacks. All craft were tied up and lines of communication destroyed. A number of cottages were destroyed and it is feared there was loss of life. Dutch Sailors Mutiny. Amsterdam, May 12.?Three hun? dred sailors of the Dutch battlehlp at .lava mutinied and paraded the su? burbs. The garrison soldiers Cap? tured sixty. Saratoga Springt May 12.?The Methodist conference decided not to pass a resolution urging the ending of the war. \KTILLERY AND KNGINEEIUXG. Si>eclal Topics for study of Citizen Soldiers at 1 ort Oglctliorpe Train? ing Comp. Fort Oglethorpe, May 11.?Field ar? tillery work and army engineering to? day proved the most interesting fea? tures of elective courses at the South ern military training camp here, ac? cording to the number enrolled in these classes. The 50 or more South? ern and Eastern business and profes tional men who preferred artillery training spent the afternoon under the direction of United States army officers studying .aiming and loading modern 3 and 4.7 inch field guns. Artillery practice will begin soon. Several large groups of citizen sol-' dicrs spent four hours today around sand tables where they were instruct? ed in the design and construction of barbed wire entanglements and the various types of trenches. Others were practicing the army signal corps wigwag signalling code. Cava'.rv was kept in the saddle and infantry on the march all the morn? ing. Frederick Ayer, Jr., of Boston, suffered a serious facial wound when his horse fell during a high jump in an obstacle drill. A spectacle glass was smashed into Ayer's check, and he was sent to the hospital. Seventy-three employes of the Ten? nessee Coal, Iron & Railroad com? pany of Birmingham arrived today and donned the regulation army uni? form to begin infantry drills. Princeton, Harvard, Vanderbilt, University of Georgia, and Georgia Tech alumni have begun the organiza? tion of social squads. FLAMES CLAIM COTTON. One (Hundred und Fifty Bales Burn at Johnston. Johnston, May 11.?What might have resulted in a most disastrous five began here about 10.30 o'clock yesterday morning, caused from sparks of a shifting freight. The large warehouse and the freight depot which is a wooden structure occupy a central location land between these two was a large wooden platform, containing 150 itales of cotton. The sparks ignited the cotton and owing to the long drought it burned quickly. The '.own has no waterworks hence there was no way other than to work by hand to extinguish this fire. The men and boys fought the fire hero? ically, but the emergency barrels of water were soon used up and a water brigade was formed. The heat was so intense that several of the men were 'so overcome, medical aid was called. The entire platform and all the cotton was burned but the wooden freight depot was saved. This build? ing contained hundreds of bales of cotton. I CAMDEX MAX SHOOTS HIMSELF. Thomas Llpscomb Sustains Probably ratal Injury. Camden, May 11.?Camden was shocked early this morning when it was known that Thomas J. Lipscomb had shot and probably fatally wound? ed himself at hte home on north Broad street. No cause was given for the act other than it was known to some of his close friends that he had been 'a sufferer for some time from nervous dyspepsia. At 5:30 o'clock Thursday morning he arose and complained to members of the family that he had been unable to sleep during the night. He was advised to go into another room where probably he would find it easier to rest. Almost immediately a pistol shot was hoard and he was found with a bullet wound in his temple. The ball ranged upward and came out at the top of his head. At a lato hour tonight he was still alive hut his condition is critical. The tragedy has shocked the city, 'liiere was not a more popular man in Camden than Tom Lipscomb, high toned and honorable, and sorrow is expressed on all ides. For several years Mr. Lipscomb was a partner in the Camden Coca-Cola Bottling com? pany hut two years ago he sold his interest in that firm and lias been proprietor of a soft drink bottling company making principally Chcro Colr paid h+ii ' ' to a large degree SU eeasljuj and his business affairs so far as is known were in fine shape. iSurroumiod by a happy family of a wife and-, .wo children and of a genial I jolly disposition Iiis friends know no reason why he should have committed the deed other than ill health. His aged mother resides in Colum? bia. Mr. Lipscomb, who is about 37 years of sue, wan neun and educated In Columbia, having attended the University of South Carolina? in 1902 he was married to Mis? Victoria Jor? dan, a niece of Former Mayor Carri son of Camden. He has two small children, Thomas Lipscomb, Jr., and Harriet Lipscomb. He is the only liv? ing son of Col. and Mrs. T. J. Lips? comb. his father having at one time been mayor of Columbia.