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Cfct ?lattiman an) Scutbron. Mr. and Mrs. J. A. Kevin spent Sun? day at the Isle of Palms. Mrs A. W. Earfle and children are ?pending sometimo at Newberry. Mrs W. A. Johnson and children, of Mt. Vernon, (la . are visiting her Mis? ter. Mrs. harry Yates at 14 Chestnut Street. A. B. Taylor, who van railed home on the death of his mother a few days ago. left Saturday morning for Green vUle. N. C, where he ? 11 continue his duttaa with the Western Union Tele graph Co. Mrs. RUa Dutton and little daugh? ters. Dorothy and Mildred Lee. left Tuesday morning to spend the re? mainder of the summer with friends In North Carolina. Mine Maud Bradham has returned from Spartan burg where she spent at??eral wessj^ Mtea Alma Honnlea of Spartanburg is visiting Misses Maud and Aline Oradham ^ Miaaaa Harlti. and Mae Dunne left Sunday night for Rut ledge, Ga.. whert they will attend a house party given In their honor by Dr. and Mrs. Qeo. M. Dunne 4* Mrs. B. J Orler. MrjJhK T. Bralls fforda. Mrs. D M Campbell. Mr and Mrs Joe M. Bradham, of Manning, and Miss Theo Stukes spent Sunday on the Isle of Palms. Sheriff McCain of K. nland county was in the city today on business. Misses Sadie, Dolly and Bertha Wannamaker are In Hendersonvtlle. N. C, to spend several weeks. Mrs J B Brltton and Miss Ruth Brltton have gone to Fort Lawn, where they will stay several weeks visiting friends and relatives. Mlasea Iris and Mary Gentry, of Spartanburg. are visiting Mrs. C. H. Courtney on South Salem Ave. Mrs. Lula Atkinson has returned from a short stay at the Isle of Palms. Mr. J. O. Eschenbach, who formerly wua conductor of the Rex Orchestra. kM playing with the orchestra at dues Springs, 8. C. Mr. Fred K. Deal has returned front a two-weeks business trip to New York. Miaaaa Selma and Ines Bethca have gone to Wrlghtavllle Beach for a twe weeks' stay Mise Pannla Hamilton, of Augusta, la visiting Miss Marjorle Lawrence at the Sumter Hotel. Mr. and Mrs. A. W. Bradford have returned to the city after spending several days with friends at Charles? ton and tho Isle ot Palms. Mr. and Mrs. C. W. McQrew and children left Thursday for Sulli? van's Island and the Isle of Palms, where the) will spend some time. Mrs. A. F. Qregg and Misses Ma? rion and Julia Gregg have gone to Florence to visit relatives. Mlsaea Irene and Helen Plowden. of Manuln*;, are visiting relatives In the city Miss Gertrude McLaurln, of Wedge field, la visiting her grandmother, Mrs. M. H Wilson. Rdwln Miller, Jr , has returned from a visit to frlenda In Clarendon county. Mise Nettle Stogner of I^arrastcr 1:? visiting Mr. end Mrs. C. H. James. Mr. J. V. Wilson, of Columbia, was In the city Thursday. Mr. W. B. Fpshur has returned from Wrlghtsvllle Ueach, where he at? tended a meeting of agents of the Jefferson Htandard Life Insurance Co. Mr. and Mrs. J. M. Wits.II. of Walterl>oro are the guests of Mr. and Mr a, H. Q. Oateen Hume-Cue yne. At half oaMt pve o'clock Wednesday afternoon, at tho residence of Mr. de.? L. Hlcker on North Washington St.. Dr Walter Cheyne and Miss Ijoulse Mitchell Hume were united In mar? riage by llev. J. P. Marlon of the Presbyterian Church. The ceremony wss solemnly and Impressively per? formed In the presence of a small company of relatives nnd friends of the contracting parties. The Moral decorations were pretty and appro? priate. An nlr of simplicity and dig? nity marked tho occasion. After re? freshment* had beer served. th? bride and groom dcimrteJ for New York Cltv. followed as the hearty good wishes of their friends They will be at home Augi st ir.th. tit their resi? dence on West Calhoun street. Husla Moholi/e-t Army. Special to The Dally Item. St. Petersburg. Jul\ :?,0.?Itiiasla no? tified Austria and Oermanv today that she has ordered the partial WOO' tllSMtlon of fourteen army SOfSS These torpa number I .-<??.ooo. This order la eipected to he followed shortls l>\ the mobUUatlon of the entire army. MANNING DEFINES ISSUE. BRINGS ADMINISTRATION INTO STATE CAMPAIGN. Orangeburg Crowd Cries Encourage? ment as He Assails Chief Executive's Hex-ord. Orungehurg, July 29.?Richard I. Manning, candidate for governor, at the meeting of candidates for State offices here today for the first time during tho campaign injected the is? sue of Bleuseism or what is com? monly considered the policy of thai present administration. Throughout his attack on this issue the audience cheered as one man for the senti? ments expressed, and there were about 900 citizens of Orangeburg county present, who gave to each can? didate an attentive and respectful hearing. Like tho meeting at St. Oeorge yesterduy, tho cheers, when factionalism was brought in, were for B. D. Smith, candidate* for United States senator, and the applause, which was given every speaker, was both louder and longer when the sen? timents expressed were in favor of strict enforcement of law and against the injudicious use of the pardoning power. Charles Carroll Slmms again at? tacked John Q. Richards for his nu? merous political afflliutions, telling in contrast of his own long friendship for the governor. W. C. Irby, Jr., stated that many times he had refused to sign petitions for pardons and paroles and that his friendship for the governor was based on personal opinion. Richard I. Manning said that there is "but one issue in South Carolina," as there was a certain amount of agreement towards the other issue which he outlined. This issue, he pointed out emphatically, was the per? petuation of the policies of the pres? ent administration. "Tho senatorial campaign," said Mr. Manning, "has overshadowed the State campaign, 1 fear our people may lose sight of the Importance of the race for State offices. I can not overstate the importance of the State campaign. A senator in Washington has but one vote in the congress for our country while a governor to a large extent has the destiny of his State in his hands. "And this brings me to the issue most vital to all South Carolinians In my opening speech of the cam? paign 1 declared that I would not in? ject factionalism into this campaign, and I have not done so. But, against my wishes, developments have brought us face to face with the fac? that the race for the gubernatorial chair has narrowed down to the ques? tion whether a man stands with those wishing the perpetuation of the poli? cies of the present administration with its lawlessness or whether he stands at the head of that other clement which thinks the present administra? tion is a disgrace to the State. The paramount Issue of this cam? paign is not good roads; It is not liquor; even compulsory education is a minor question compared with the real issue. The ono tremendous issue before tho people of South Carolina in thl: campaign is the condition of de? moralization brought about by Oov. Hleaso's administration. "In my opening speech I declared I had never approved tho course of Oov. Mouse. Now I do not criticise the personal record of Mr. It lease; the issue is not Hlease. The great, vital qmstlon before the State is whether or not the man elected governor will curry on his administration as a con? tinuation of the present, one, grant? ing unreasonable pardons and paroles at the rate of 300 whites and 800 ne? groes in three and a half years, al? lowing lawlcssnes and crime to be rampant in the land, and encouraging a veritable reign of terror. ' There are men who have stood be? fore you today asking your support for the governorship, professing to be followers of Oov. Planes. It Is only natural to Infer fhat If elected they would do as OOV, Hlease has done. Will you stand for 111 Will you ul low the old-time fair name of South Carolina for another two years to be a by-word for lawlessness and political rottenness 1 I am here to tell you that Oov. Mease's administration has been u disgrace to South Carolina. (>jr State is held up before the eyes or the civilized worhi as a State dis grae?d. She ean not show her face among her sister States without blushes of deepest shame. She has been humiliated; she has been dragged in the mire. And what has brought us to such u. pass? Again I ask you. Will you allow this thing to continue7 I don't believe you will I believe you are looking for the man as governor who will rotors south Carolina to n law-abiding, law-re specttng Slat*-. II?' must be ono who Is true?who is unwavering in his char? acter and who stands without any question for the right. "I call lipon the [?enpie of South Carolina to consider the condition that faces us. I urn not an eleventh hour convert to the cause of unti liiere lam, socalled, but h*\e stood BRIEF WAR BULLETINS. Germany Sends Ultimatum. Berlin, July 30.?Germany this af? ternoon sent an ultimatum to Russia giving; the Czar twenty-four hours to explain what Russia means by the mobilization of troops on the frontier. EUROPE HAS PRACTICALLY ABANDONED HOPE FOR PEACE. Every Arsenal in Germany Working Night and Day Making Ready For War? Russian Army Believed to Bo Practically Mobilized?England Tak? ing Precautionary Measures?Jap? an Will Staud by England. Special to The Daily Item. London, July 30.?A distinctly pes? simistic air prevades diplomatic cir? cles in London. A great European conflict appears inevitable. British authorities ad? mit that "precautionary measures are being considered." The regular monthly settlement of accounts on the Paris bourse has been postponed on account of the confus? ion on all stock markets. Practically all continental stock exchanges remain closed. Many American tourists are arriv? ing in Paris from watering places in Austria, where they report the wildest excitement. Every arsenal and military depot in Germany Is working night and day. Russia Is concentrating nil war? ships In home waters. It is believed that tho mobilization of the Russian army is practically complete. GERMANY WANTS PEACE. Berlin Dispatch Says That Germany is Reluctant to Mobilize Army. Special to The Daily Item. London, July 30.?A Berlin dispatch states that Germany is reluctant to order tho mobilization of the army and still hopes for peace. Germany is honor bound, however, to stand by Austria. GOING HOME TO FIGHT. Estimated That a Million Foreigners Will Leave United States. Special to the Dally Item. New York, July 30.?If there is a general war in'Europe It is likely that a million men will leave the United States and go back to their homes to aid in fighting. Two thousand Aus trlans and five thousand Servians ar* now on their way home to join the army. If. If the Balkan confederates had not fallen to fighting among themselves after their war with Turkey, and had maintained an offensive and defensive alliance, it Is greatly to be doubted whether Austria would have pre? sented her peremptory challenge to Servia. With Greece, Bulge.rla and Montenegro behind her, Servla would havo been a dangerous foe, and Aus? tria's demund for redress probably' would have been couched in more dip? lomatic lunijuage. Servia and Greece seem to have been in tho right in their struggle with Bulgaria, but one of the unfortunate results of that con? flict Is that they cannot well get to? gether again, and that each of them Is exposed to tho aggressions of more powerful neighbors. Improve Your Complexion. Your complexion as well as your temper Is rendered miserable by a dis? ordered liver and by constipation Take Chamberlain's Tablets and you will improve them both. For sale by all dealers.?Advt. MONEY MARKET LOOKS BAD. _ World's Greatest Financial Organiza? tion Calls Important Meeting. Special to The Daily Item. New York, July 30.?After a short rally stocks this afternoon are again showing largo declines. Call money Ig six per cent. The clearing house committee, the most powerful execu? tive body In American llnance called a meeting for four o'clock this after? noon to consider the world's* financial situation. always wheer | stand now. In those years when Klcast ism had the upper hand I was lighting with the men wno went down in defeat in a cause we considered <?n the Hide of law and order iu South Carolina. I promise that if 1 am elected governor the reign of terror iu our State Will Come to an end." The crowd applauded ^frequently while Mr Manning was speaking. Mr. Manning was given two bou? quets, WARNING GIVEN FARMERS. W. W. LONG TELIA C OTTON GROWERS OF DISASTER BOLL WEEVIL WILL BRING. "It* Progress Will be More Disastrous to State Than March or Sherman's Army" Says Department Read ? Talks on Cover Crops und Fruit and Vegetable Raising by Messrs. Elliott and Cridec. Every farmer in Sumter county should have been present at the county court house on Tuesday to hear the warning given them by Dr. W. W. Long, head of the department of farm demonstration work in this State, when he spoke at the Clem son-Winthrop Institute. Dr. Long told in an Impressive manner of the general approach of the boll weevil towards South Carolina and its sure coming to this State about five years from now and of the great damage it would bring with it to the planters of cotton, and not to them alone, but to the body politic, who depend up? on the farmer for food and clthing. "The march of boll weevil," said Dr. Long, "will be more disastrous than was the march of Sherman's army through the State. It will bo attended with greater trouble, greater disaster and greater destruction than ever Sherman and his army could bring." In this manner did Dr. Long characterize the coming of the fearful cotton pest, and he went on to show that the farmers must now be? gin to diversify their crops and to raise live stock in preparation for the evil days which were coming in five and a half years from now. Dr. Long's talk was the feature of the institute, and as already stated, it is a pity that more of the farmers of the county did not hear him. The meeting was called to order shortly after 11 o'clock by J. Frank Williams, local demonstration agent, who presided. There were about fifty persons in attendance upon the meet? ing and much interest was shown by all, especially in Mr. Elliott's talk on the leguminous crops and Mr. Long's talk on the boll weevil. Mr. Ellott told of the advantages and disadvantages of each of the leguminous crops. He especially em? phasized the value of crimson and burr clover as pasture and soil build? ing crops. He told of what condi? tions were best for vetch, clover, al? falfa, oats, rye and other of these winter growing crops, stressing their importance as producers of nitrogen and in other ways as fertilizers for the land. All of them were easy to grow and would grow In almost any soil. He told of the necessity for deep plowing In crder to hold water in the soil for the growing croper. Many questions were asked about the crops and a general discussion too* placo In which several joined before Mr. Elliott took his seat. Dr. Long in the discussion of ni? trogen and farmogerm stated that he did not think that farmogerm had proved successful as an inoculator for cowpeas and he thought that the price was entirely too high. He had made arrangements to get It much cheap? er for the farmers next year. Ho stressed the Importance of repeating the planting of clover, In order to get a crop. Mr. Crlder spoke on the value of fruit and vegetables being grown for home consumption by the farmer. He told of the purchasing of fruits here which were shipped from California and the northwest when Just as good could bo grown right here. Prac? tically every kind of fruit can be grown by the people of South Caro? lina, he said, if the people would grow them. He did not think it best to depend upon the fruit tree agent, but trees must be secured from a good nursery. He told of the plant? ing of trees, pruning and keeping them in good condition for bearing. "You can have fresh vegetables ev? ery day In the year from your own garden," he said, "if you want to, and take the trouble to grow them." For, he said, this soil was adptcd to the growing of all kinds of vegetables and many of them could bo grown the year round, For lack of time, Mr. J. M. Bur? gess did not give his talk on dairy? ing and Ls features, but those present were told that if they desired to hear anything on this subject, Prof Burgess WOUtd come back in the af? ternoon. Dr. Long was the last speaker, and he held tho profound attention of his audience all the time he was speak? ing. He talked in an impressive man? ner, and those who heard him were much im: rested by his message of Warning, although he stated that he did not want to exaggerate the dan? ger accompanying the approach of the boll weevil, but Would tell of con? ditions as he had so*>n them and as they actually were in Texas, Mississip? pi and Louisiana. The boll weovil would be here in live ami a half yearn and it WOUld be a Calamity to the body politic, and farmers could not light it alone, but would have to cooperate ACTUAL WARFARE BEGINS. SERVIANS ORUSHINGLY DEFEAT? ED IN FIRST GENERAL EN? GAGEMENT. Two Divisions "Driven Back and One; Captured by Austrians?One Thous? and Killed and Four Thousand Tak? en Prisoners?Austrians and Monte? negrin* Fighting Near Lohven. Special to The Daily Item. Berlin, July 30.?A thousand sol? diery have fallen in a desperate bat? tle between Austrian and Ser.'ian toops near Fotcha. The Servians were crushingly defeated, two divisions be? ing driven back and one captured. German reports state that Servia lost 800 and that the Austrians took 4, ( 00 prisoners. The Austrians and Montenegrins are fighting near Lohven. Officers of the German reserves were notified today to be ready for mobiliza? tion. ? Several Battles Under Way. especial to The Daily Item. Salonika, July 30.?Austrians and Servians have been fighting near Se mendra on the Danube, southeast of Belgrade, since yesterday morning. Several hundred are reported killed. Another battle is progressing at Ratcha. An artillery battle has been begun near Kienicy Semedere vo, twenty miles south of Belgrade. SERVIANS FIGHTING DESPER? ATELY. Bloody Battle Raging on Servian-Bo? snian Front Ir. Special to The Dally Item. London, July 30.?The Servian lega? tion announced late this afternoon that the Serb troops are desperately resisting the advance of the Austrian army. Official dispatches state that a Sanguinary battle is raging at Loznitza on the Servian-Bosnian frontier. Exterminate the Cockroach. The cockroach acta as an insect por? ter of typhoid fever, bubonic plague and possibly cancer. Several years ago an epidemic of typhoid fever on a United States warship was proved to be propagated by cockroaches. In a recent issue of the London Lancet, Dr. W. Melville Davlson calls attention to the fact that the cause of cancer may be an alga or vegetable micro? organism which is found in the intes? tines of several epecies of roaches. Not to His Liking. "Miss Passee says she just dotes on fou." "Then I wish some one would idminister an antidote."?Judge. Gentle Hint He?"Then my welfare is of no In? terest to you?" She?"Not so much as your farewell would be, Mr. Smith ers."?Boston Transcript Really Fault of the People. Amateur concerts are probably all right in their way, but the trouble Is there are so many people who are un? able to appreciate that kind of music. Equally Unprofitable. Nursing a grouch is pretty much like ugging a sprinkling can to waiar a Canada thistle. with bankers, merchants and all bus? iness men in their preparation to meet it and to prevent a demoraliza? tion of mutual interests when the day came. The worst feature, Mr. Long stated, was the demoralization of labor. He had seen this before nnd he knew it would come here. The negro would not be warned of the boll weevil's ap? proach, but when it came, the ne? gro left. The labor feature was th* worst accompanying the advent of fho boll weevil. He told of what had actually happened in counties In Mississippi and stated that climatic conditions in South Carolina were very much the same and the damage here would probably be as great as it was there, when the crop was reduced 84 per cent. Mr. Long then went on to tell of the methods by which demoralization could he prevented on the advent of the boll weevil. Stock raising, diversi? fying of crops and other changes must be made on a small scale now and larger as the time for entry of the boll weevil approached. Dr. Long stated that South Carolina was as well adapted for stock raising as any other section of the country. lie stated that the Bermuda grass grown in this State was the best pasturage grown anywhere ami was much bet? ter than the Kentucky blue grass, in? stated that mules, horses, beef cat? tle, dairy cattle and hogs could be grown with equal facility. He gave a number of pusturage crops which could be grown for hog" ??nd how they could bo grown at a profit. He stat? ed that silage and cotton seed meal Were the best feed for beef cattle and were very cheap. Me then told <?f the methods by Which cotton could be grown, even after the arrival of the boll weevil, if the yea I was a dry one RUSSIAN BEAR AM. CZAR THINKS DIE Is CAST FOR TIGHT. War Regarded as Almost Inevitable? With Partiul Mobilization Already Ordered, Nation Stands on Guard for What Future May Bring Forth. ? o St. Petersburg, July 29.?An Im? perial ukase issued by the emperor tonight calls to the colors an immense number of reservists. % - * i St. Petersburg, July 29.?In Rus? sian eyes the die is cast. Only a political miracle can avert war. Russia does net swervo from her determination to support Servia and partial mobilization already has been ordered. There is every indication that the whole vast machinery of Russia soon will be set in motion. An imperial manifesto is awaited tonight. Should Emperor Nicholas become generalissimo of the forces, as it is understood he will, an immense wave of enthusiasm will sweep over Russia. The political parties have sunk their differences. The general attitude is not "jingoistic" but one of resolute confidence in the justice of the coun? try's cause and readiness to make all sacrifices. The proposal .attributed to Austria to discuss terms when Belgrade has been occupied is regarded as impos? sible. It is pointed out that before opening of hostilities Russia proposed to Austria a direct exchange of views which Austria rejected. A great patriotic demonstration took place on the Nevsky Prospect late today. A procession was form? ed and with banners flying marched to the Servian legation, where there were speeches, einging and cheering. Thenco the procession moved to the French and British embassies, where similar scenes of enthusiasm were enacted, the crowds increasing. The cadets of the naval school were promoted today to the rank of offi? cers. In addressing them, the em? peror said: "I have given orders that you should be incorporated in the navy in view of the serious events through which Russia is passing. During your service as officers do not forget wha* I say to you?trust in Oed and haw faith in the glory u:.d /^????itiiess of our mighty country ' A striking demonstration occurred at the Kazan cathedral where a spe? cial service was held and prayers were offered for victory to the Slav arms. The cathedral was thronged and the officiating prlett, after the ceremony, presented to the Servian minister a facsimile of the ikon of the Holy Vir? gin to Kazan for the Servian army. The minister handed the ikon to of? ficers who are starting for the front tonight. The German and Austrian embas? sies are guarded on all sides by strong detachments of police and no one is allowed to step on the adjacent foot? paths for fear of hostile attempts. A confident feeling prevails here of Great Britain's support. Germany's attitude is regarded as Incomprehen? sible, except on the assumption that she is anxious for a trial of strength. At Odessa patriotic processions marched through the streets today bearing the portraits of Emperor Nicholas and the kings of Servia an J Montenegro and cheering for Servia, France and Great Britain. The maritime bureau has announc? ed the closing of additional lights both in the Baltic and Black seas. By order of the emperor the en? forcement of tho legislative resolu? tion restricting the inclusion of Jews on directorates has been temporarily suspended. The Novoe Vremya says the Aus? trian emperor has addr ssed a per? sonal letter to Emp- or Nicholas which is likely to have u important influence on the crisis. - m ft - ; The foregoing St. Petersburg dis? patch was passed by the censor with? out revision; a fact which is consid? ered highly significant. -? '# ? Germany's Influence. * - , v.: Baltimore Sun. It is easy to understand Germany's desire to "localise" the Auatro-Ser vtun w r. If all the other powers keep ,ielr hands off Austria probably will have little diffieuiilty in "doing up" her smaller antagonist, and any? thing that Germany's ally gains In the way of territory will constitute a new line of fortifications and protection for the German empire; at least, accord? ing to the old way of thinking. It will But Germany ought to do more than "localize" this war. She ought to stop it. if possible, and she can do more toward that end thar any other power because she has more influence with Austria than any other nation pos? sesses. It will pay her ultimately to do so, because every war of aggres? sion sows the dragon's teeth of future trouble. k