University of South Carolina Libraries
CONGRESSMEN AT WORK. THOSE LEFT IN 1'APIT.VIj ST I DY PROBLEMS DVHJNG VACA? TION OF BODY. Prepare ThmiseDcs fur Reel Duties Which wui Ohm Mi two Uoom Reconvene? Economy the Cats* Probles*. Washington. Jsn. 1.?Most member* ?t congrsss left tn the capital through the recess srs studying problems they will huve to deal with when congress reconvenes a week from Monday, In? dividual members and clerks of com? mittees are doing preliminary work an measures noon to be the subject ef committee deliberations. Kach member of the house Judiciary om anittee left In the city is spending va? cation time familiarizing himself with various proposals bearing on the ad? ministration'* anti-trust programme. 1 Tb* movement for economy in ap Wreprtatlone, approved by leaderH, ap? parently has drifted on to the shoals. An expected second conference of Chairmen and ranking members of committee* that report supply meas? ures did not materialize and now none hi tn contemplation M --<t chairmen ef committees contend they already have cut estimates) as far as comust eat with public demands. Th# appropriation hills have been whipped into shape far more quickly than la past session*. The appropriations committee is about ready with fortifications, legis? lative, executive, and Judicial, and ur? gent deficiency h?ls. The agricul? tural, military, diplomatic and con? sular appropriation measure* will be la shape when the house Is ready to receive them. The rivers and harbors appropria? tes* all! will carry about $34.000.000 for continuing; work already begun and other plans for improving water? ways The total may run up to $40. tao.ooo, to Include new projects, in? cluding, perhaps, levee construction %? prevent Mississippi liver floods. Tha bill still la open to hearings. One bill In behalf of the proposed lntra seestai waterways from Boston to Bsnofort. N. C. Is set for June t. BTOULARS STEAL EGGS. rssssnaJ Precaution* Taken to Tro? ttet Exhibits in Madirton Square Poultry Show. New Tork. Jan. 1.?The high price Of eggs tnd the addod value of the blooded product for hatching purpeses led to so many burglaries of peni ut the Madison Square Garden poultry ?how that several exhibitors Installed electrical paparatus to protect their entries. A device est up by K M Turner of Xyeck. N. Y.. to prevent volunteer <ol toctors from seising eggs laid by runs la his exhibit records the voices of three persons who are believed to have robbed the Turner pens. Officials ef the show assert that they knew the Identity of the marauders and arrests are expected today. BTUiKD BY MOLTEN METAL. Men Others Inj?red art Result of Bxptuslon at V anderbilt Furnace. Birmingham. Ala.. Jan. 1.?Three teen were killed and five injured at Vanderbllt furnace at 7 o'clock to? night when a dust cap was blown off and released molten slag and metal which caught the victims before they ? ould get away. The identified dead Include Boat Cigllo. an Italian. Among the moat seriously burned are West Grant, a negro, Paul Salamorria, an Italian, and L. V. McCabe. floating gang foreman at the furnace. Vanderbllt furnace Is about four cnllss north of Birmingham and is owned by the Woodward Iron com pa ay. HOW PAYS FOR ITSELF. Ocenatononer Wnt*on'* Department Show* a Profit. Columbia, Dec. 30.?The depart? ment of agriculture, commerce and Industries Is now self-HUstalntng, for Commissioner K. J. Watson tonight turned over to the state Treasurer $12.30* 50. the Income from the com? mercial feed stuffs and oil inspec? tion divisions; $2.000 from the latter and $10.000 from the former. The direct appropriations for Mr. Wat? son's department for all purpose* wan $11.1 >t. so that it is in effect self snstalnlnx. Thi* showing is teflf gratifying te the thousands of frbtsgfj ef this department and speaks Well for the splendid work which is being gone under the leadership and man? agement of K. J. Watss| KTORM ON JEltsFY COAST. Wind Blow* Eighty Mile an Hour Now York. Jan. 3.?A terrific gab ts sweeping the New Jejfgt | |g day. causing fl.in at 1 I tc mlnoi damage to shipping At Sand. Moo the wind is blowing eightv pallet <; #w>ur and fha waves are running |l feet high BESTOWED AWARD OF nONOR.l Prof g>? II. King's Hook of Farmers Kewguixetl for Its Merits. Washington, Jan. Although he hae been dead for several months, an award of honor hae been made to the bite Prof. F. H. King, the author of a volume entitled "Farmers of Forty Centuries," by he National Geograph? ie Society of Washington, D. C. Prof. Kingl book, completed but shortly before hie death, represents what the society believe* is an Ideal study of foreign places. The author describes th> methods by which the Chinese support nearly 500.000,000 people on an area smaller than the improved farm lands of the United States, which they have tilled for four thousand yearsc, and from this draws an inter esting parallel for the farmers of the United States to consider. "If the United States is to endure; if wo shall protect our history even through 4,000 or 5,000 years, as the Mongolian nations have done, and if that history shall be written in con? tinuous peace, free from periods of widespread famine or pestilence, th's nation must orient itself; must square Its prictlcee with a conservation of resources which can make endurance possible," he says. He goes on to point out that the Mississippi river is annually bearing to the sea nearly 225,000 acre-feet of the most fertile sediment and be? tween levees along a raised bed through 200 miles of country subject to inundation, and that the people of the United States and Europe are pouring into the sea, lakes, or rivers and into the underground wants from 5.794,300 to 12,00 ),000 pound* of ni? trogen; 1,881,900 to 4,151,000 pounds of potassium, and 777,200 to 3.057,000 pound* of phosphorus per million of adult population annually. "And this waste we esteem one of the f?;r*;:.t achievements of cur civilization," he adda "In the Far East, for more than 30 centuries, these enormous wastes have been religiously saved, and today the 400,000,000 of adult populaticn send back to their fields annually 150,000 tons of phosphor? us, 376,000 tons of potassium, and 1,158,000 tons of nitrogen comprised in a gross weight exceeding 182,000, 000 tons, gathered from every home, from the country villages, and from the great cities. Man is the most ex? travagant accelerator of waste the world has ever endured. Iiis besom of destruction In the uncontrolled hands of a generation ha* swept into the sea soil fertility which only cen? turies of life could accumulate. "The rivers of North America are estimated to carry to the sea more than 500 tons of phosphorus with each cubic mile of water. To such loss modern civilisation is adding that of hydraulic sewage disposal, through which the waste of 600,000,000 of peo? ple might be more than 194,300 tons cf phosphorus annually, which could rot be replaced by 1,295,000 tons of rock phosphate 75 per cent pure. "Forty canabj across the United States from east to west s.nd 60 from north to south would not equal In num? ber of miles those of China, Korea and Japan. It la probable that this esti? mate is not too large for China alone. A conservative estimate would place the miles of canals and leveed rivers in the three countries at more than 200,000 miles. In addition to the can? al and k.ee construction work ther* are numerous impounding reservoirs, which control overflow waters from the great streams, and another large and small lakes in the coastal plain, giving an aggregate reservoir area ex? ceeding 13,000 square miles, all of which are brought Into service in con? trolling flood wa* ?ra, all of which are 1 steadily Ailing with the sediments brought from the far-away, uncultl vable mountain slopes and which are I ultimately destined to become rich al? luvial plains. I I "There is still another phase of these vast works?the wresting from i the flood waters of the enormous vol? umes of silt which they carry deposit ling it over the flood areas, In the canals, and alone; the shores in such manner as to add to the habitable and < ultlvated land. The city of Shanghai stood originally on the seashore, which has now grown 20 miles to the northward and to tho eastward. In 220 B. On the town of Putai stool -nc-third of a mile from the sea, but in 1730 it was 47 miles inland and Is 4 8 miles from the shore today. "There ought, and it would seem there must be provided a way for sending to the sandy plans of Florida, and to the sandy lands between there and th*? Mississippi, largo volumes of tho fU Hilt and organic matter fro n this and other rivers, as to from that which should be applied systematical? ly t" building above, food plain the lands' Of ih? delta which are subject to overflow or are too low to permit ade QUfttO drainage, Such enormous Acid ? r- sinn as is lolorated at the pi? <eut ?imc in our Southern and South At? lantic states is permitted nowhere In the Fir Baal rmt even where the topography is much steeper." Mrs. C. W. Stunslll spent Saturday in Hh*H)\oi. DENOUNCED AS INHUMAN. MEXICAN CONSUL EXCITED OVER DISARMING DESERTERS. Make? Formal Protest to Washington Against American Troops at Presi? dio in Disarming Federal Deserters at Ojinag-n?Says It Means Certain Death. El Pa9o. Jan. 2.?The action of the American troops at Presidio in dis? arming Federal deserters from OJinaga and sending them back across border was denounced as "inhuman" by the Mexican consul here today. A formal protect which he sent to Wash? ington sa>H that sending them back unarmed means certain death. WILL PROTECT ALL COMERS. American Military Forces Will Re? ceive, and Keep Safe Those Who Cross the Border. Washington, Jan. 2.?All personal crossing the Mexican border into the United States, whether Federals or Rebels, armed or unarmed will be granted refuge by the American mili? tary authorities and cared for until itj is safe for them to recross the border.' Orders to this effect were issued by Secretary of War Garrison today. Garrison was greatly surprised by the report that several hundred Fed eals were turned back after being dis? armed and expressed doubt as to the correctness of the report. II CERT A NEEDS MONEY. Financial Situation Unchanged Bat Dictator Ttalkg of Floating Large Debt. Mexico City, Jan. 2.?The financial ultuatlon today is unchanged. Many clubs and gambling houses are clos? ing because of the prohibitve license 'ees that have been imposed. Gen. fiuerta is planning to distribute many 'arms in the near future to the poor? er classes. Gen. Huerta hinted today at floating a large loan tomorrow. LATE WAR NEWS. Vital Dots From Different Scenes of Mexican Intranational Scrap. Laredo, Jan. 2.?The Constitutional? ists having been reinforced again at tacked Neuvo Laredo today. Both sides are using artillery. Two hun? dred Federals, cut off from their com? rades, must surrender or be shot to death. Rebels Renew Attack. Mexico City, Jan. 2.-The Rebels renewed the attack on Cuemavaca today^ Seventy-one Tederala have been killed. OJinaga Still Scene of Conflict. Presidio, Texas, Jan. 2.?Terrific fighting today around OJinaga con? tinued. All night the Federals have been making a brave stand but it is thought they are wasting ammu? nition. Not believed they can hold out much longer. LUMBER SCHOONER WRECKED. Broken in Two By Fierce Stornv? Crew Rescued After Five Days Ex? posure. Mobile. Ala., Jan. 2.?The owners of the British schooner Glenafton were notified today that the vessel broke in two in a recent storm. The cargo of lumber which was lost was worth $78,000. A fishing vessel sav? ed the crew after five days after they, were nearly frozen. FAINT HEARTED SUICIDE. John Bra don Jumps into River to Drown Himself But Swims Out When Threatened with Pistol. Chicago, Jan. 2.?John Bradon, a white man, aged 48, leaped into the Chicago river last night to commit suicide. Policeman Rowers threaten? ed to shoot him if he didn't get out of the water, and Bradon swam to the shore. ?i i mm NEW SORT OF SUFFRAGETTE. Alabama Postmaster Refuses to Surrender Office to Successor. Geneva, Ala., Jan. 2.?Declaring that the Democratic party has no right to "wage political war on the disfranchised sex" in removing her from the postmastership to make a vacancy for a Democrat, Mrs. Ida Tillman haH refused to vacate the of? fice, and takes her meals and sleeps in the ofTlce. She has addressed an appeal to President Wilson at Pass Christian and refuses to surrender her commis? sion to W. K. Kenan, her successor. She |g the daughter of a Confederate soldier, who fell at I'eachtree. Her term expires next December. The poatofgee department charges "lrregu larltleg." It has been demonstrated that over? grazed stock ranges on the national forests can be brought back to use under a svstem of regulated grazing taster (ban If they are left unused. COTTON DEALERS FAID, Flim of Griffith & Welch Now in Trouble. Athens, Ga., Jan. 1.--A voluntary petition in bankruptcy was Mied here this afternoon by the firm of Griffith & Welch, cotton dealers. Liabiliies were placed at $78,000 and assets at $68,000. J. W. Welch, Junior member of the firm, refuses to join in the pe? tition. C. B .Griffith, senior member of Griffith & Welch, also filed an individ? ual voluntary petition in bankruptcy. He gave his liabilities as $70,000 and his assets at $45,000. John F. Jackson, a business man of Athens, was appointed receiver for the firm. Oil and the Monroe Doctrine. The most significant phase of the Mexican situation, aside from the question of our responsibility, through the Monroe Doctrine, to bring about order in that distressed country, has been brought to public notice chiefly through the efforts of a powerful British syndicate, headed by the Pear-j sons, to control the oil-bearing re gions of Mexico and other Caribbean countries. Sir Weetman Pearson, whoee title is Lord Cowdray, and who has been at the head of the British J railway interests in Mexico for some1 years, figured in the newspapers very largely during November and Decem? ber because of the action of the con? gresses of several of the Latin-Ameri? can countries, believed to have been influenced by the United States, In; refusing to sanction executive or ad ministratlvo concessions to the Pear? son interests to develop oil regions within their borders. A concession in? volving barge sections of Colombia re? puted to be oil-bearing, and including the right to construct harbor works and canals, which had been granted by the ministry and approved by Pres? ident Restrepo last April, failed of confirmation in the Colombian sen? ate late in November, and the Pear? sons announced that they would make no further effort in that direction. The Costa Rican Congress, on De? cember 18, declined to permit the Pearsons to develop the oil regions of that republic, and later it was an? nounced that Ecuador also was not willing that these British interests should exploit its oil fields. Tampico, the port of the state of Tamaullpas, which was the scene of a fierce battle on December 12, between the Federals and rebels, is a large oil center^ one of the most important in Mexico. The Waters-Pierce interests, believed to be a part of the Standard Oil Company, and the Cowdray or Pearson interests have been rivals in the Tampico region for years, besides which there Is an alleged Mexican company, the Haustica. In these (lays, when the warships of the world are being built to consume oil in? stead of coal, the mightiest naval power on earth is naturally very anx? ious to secure control of every pos? sible oil Bupply. Mr. Lewis R. Free? man, in an article on "The Age of Oil," in our issue for October, ex? plained the situation in detail. It is not difficult to understand how the presence of any large vested interests of a European power in Caribbean countries in the vicinity of the Panama Canal, including the right to construct port works and canals, and by infer? ence, later, oiling (fuel) stations, would be not only dangerous to the in? dependence of the Latin-American countries in question, but prejudicial to the vital national interests of the Uinted States. The right to exploit natural resources on such a large scale as such concessions would permit would be likely to involve a dominat? ing influence by Europe on the gov enrments of these countries in such a way that it would be in effect as much a violation of the Monroe Doc? trine as the alienation to these Eu? ropean powers of territory on the American continent.?From "The I Progress of the World," in the Ameri j can Review of Reviews. REAL BLIZZARD HITS MAINE. Temperature Drops to Thirty-two Be 1 low and Worst Is Yet to Come. Portland, Maine, Jan. 2.?A severe cold wave struck Maine today. The temperature fell to thirty-two below at Caribou and twenty-live below at Houlton. Very Cold in New York. Special to The Daily Item. Middletown. N. Y., Jan. 2.?The coldest weather of the winter prevails here. The temperature is thirteen be? low. Snow at Chattanooga. Chattanooga, Jan. 2.?Light snow today, melting as fast as it fell, lleav* Know in West. Chicago, Jan. 2.?Heavy snow is falling in the middle States today. Temperatures are moderate. German pencil manufacturers are looking to California incense cedar for pencil wood. The establishment of a pencil factory in California is not improbable. TO FOSTE11COTTOH CULTURE. FEDERAL ?GOVERNMENT VROKD TO TARE STEPts Secretory of Agrictluure Houston has Scheme to Make Bitter War on the Boll WeevL Washington, Jan. 1.?Warning that American su premacy in cotton com? merce may be wrested by foreign countries unless this government avails itself of the full measure of its resources, hj;s been subm tted to the house commi :tee on rivers and harbors in advocacy of the pending bill for an immediate appropriation of $12,000, , 000, the first installment of the $48, ,000,000 proposed by the Mississippi river commission for preventing floods on the Mississippi. The warning voiced by B. F. Bush, president of the Missouri Pacific rail? road, sets forth that the principal Eu? ropean countries are spending mil? lions of dollars in lostering cotton cul? ture in their colonies, that the English premier recently had a bill passed ap? propriating 115,000,000 for experi? menting in growing cotton in the Sudan to make the English spinner independent of the United States sup? ply. Mr. Bush asserted, however, that the United States, "If alive to its op? portunities," had nothing to fear and that the naton should hasten to the rescue of tho South by meeting the control of the Mississippi as a national problem. He added that levee protection for the alluvial Janas in the Mississippi delta would add 15,000,000. acres of fertile wealt i producing area, whose Cultivation in cotton, sugar cane or diversified crops would yield many millions of dollars annually. Investigation of the life history and habits of th > parasites of the cotton boll weevil n a more thorough and comprehensive way than ever before is proposed by Secretary Houston. He wants more funds appropriated with which to enploy experts on this work in order to undertake a "com? munity experiment" in controlling the boll weevil. Up to now practically all the efforts o' the department of agri? culture have been confined to assist? ing IndividutJ plantare. The efforts of the new corps of ex? perts would be devoted to a study of the boll weevil, the different steps in the control Of the weevil, the picking of the squan s of the cotton plant, en? couragement of the parasites, destruc? tion of the cotton plants in the field and to determining where the effi? ciency of eac ti step might be increased by some variition or new proceea Rotation in crops, changes in the system of handling cotton and plant? ing the cotto i wider apart have help? ed in the light against the weevil, which has caused millions of dollars of loss, but ta ravages st .11 continue and no varieties of cotto a are im? mune. URGE OBEDIENCE TO LAW. C. E. Askew , Talking to Raleigh Negroes, Sirs Blease Has Done Much Han a. Raleigh, N. C, Jan. 1.?In thoir celebration of the 61st freedom an? niversary Raleigh negroes today ap? pealed to white North Carolinians to oppose seggregation which contem? plates preverttng negroes from buy? ing lands ad.oining white properties. The Rev. C. E. Askew appealed for obedience to the law and said Gov. Blease's utterances on the constitu? tion had done more harm than all his pardons. CON GH ES MAN IS ILL. J. W. Raged sit Undergoes Opera? tion at Florence Hospital. Charleston, Jan. 1.?Congressman J. W. Ragsdale, of the Sixth congres? sional distrlci of South Carolina was operated on today at a Florence infirmary for gallstones. The opera? tion was successful, and the attend? ing physician states that while Rep? resentative Ragsdale Is very sick, an early recovery is confidently ex? pected. GROW S EXCELLENT LEMONS. .Spartanburg Woman's Success With 1 With Citrus Fruit. Spartanbuir, Jan. 1.?Mrs. R. L. Wood, of No 20 Hammond street, has had remarkable success in grow? ing lemons. One of her trees, two years old, produced five unusually large lemons this year. One of them is on exhibiticn in a down-town store. It weighs two pounds. Mrs. Wood says that whilo he,* lemons are more sour than the imported fruit, they make more deliciout custards. A MUCH MARRIED MAN. Goes to Hymen's Altar Seven Times And Only Thirty-one. Huntington, Wr. Va? Jan. 2.-? "Hope: this will be my last," said L. B. j Maynard, aged 31 years, after his! marriage to Miss Rebecca Wilson last night. "I have been married seven times, three were divorced and three| died." 1 BLEASE NAMES CLERGY. Selects Five as Representative* To "Suur.Spnncled Banner" Cetenm turn. Baltimore Sun. Gov. Cole L. Blease of South Caro? lina distinguished himself In the minds of municipal officials this mom ing by announcing the appointment of five ministers of the Gospel as representatives from his State to "The Star-Spangled Banner" centen? nial celebration here nest September. They are: The Rev. Dr. J. Walter Daniels, pre* siding older of the Methodist Episco? pal Church. Charleston, & C. The Rev. Dr. J. a Moffatt. presi? dent of Ersklne College. Due West? S. C. The Rev. Dr. Thomas J. Hegarty, pastor of St. Peter's Catholic Church, Columbia, South Carolina. The Rev. Dr. a. G. Voigt, dean of the Lutheran Theological Seminary. Columbia, S. C. The Rev. Dr. C. C. Brown, pastor of the First Baptist Church, Sumter, 8. C. j The governor stated In a letter to Mayor Preston that he had selects* South Carolina's seven congressmen as delegates to the convention of "The Star-Spangled Banner" repre? sentatives to be held in Washington next month. Governor Blease eaid he hoped to bo able to attend the cen? tennial celebration in Baltimore, RAISE POULTRY AND iTOOg. Federal Expert Says Poultry W1D he Triad in Ten Counties. Columbia, Jan. 1.?Mr. W. W. Long, farm demonstrator for this Stats, wag in Columbia* today, and while here had a conference with Mr. Hare, pool* try expert of the United States de? partment of agriculture, and Col. nVl? Watson, commissioner for the State, in reference to beginning poultry work in thia State. It is proponed to confine the work to 10 counties that have already been selected. Poultry association will be organised in each of these 10 counties and the mem? bers will be treated aa poultry dem? onstrators. Mr .Hare will visit the farms of the demonstrators for the purpoee of Instructing them on the matters of leading, housing, breeding and marketing. It will be the policy to encourage the raising of one par? ticular breed in a county for the rea? son that very much easier and more, profitable remits can be had In the selling' of poultry of the same breed fa the Northerr, and Eastern markets. In certain markets in the North the brown eggs bring two or three cents more per dosen than do white eggs; the same condition exists in other markets in favor of the white egg. Mr. Long was asked as to the de? velopment and the policy of the live stock work that is now being taken up in certain counties of the State hp Clemson college in cooperation with the United States department of agri? culture. He said that the policy of or? ganisation is the same as just out? lined with reference to the proposed poultry work. It is the intention to advise the uiie of the Hereford breed for beef cattle. The Idea is to nave the farmers raise from three to It head of beef cattle on each farm, and by having the same breed on the dif? ferent farms a neighborhood can easily make up a carload of the same type of beef cattle. This always means two or three cents more per pound than would be received for a carload made up of different breeds. He added that great interest is being manifested in the live stock develop? ment and that Clemson college Is ad? vising the development, along* con? servative lines, insisting that the farmers first make preparation by making permanent pastures, growing forage crops and learning something of the business before investing heav? ily In the purchase of cattle. The peo ! pie in the South can never hope; and in fact, should not attempt to make this a live stock country. What is be? ing undertaken is to grow live stock In connection with cotton and other crops and this can be done at a profit without reducing the cotton acreage. The idea is to advocate a sufficient number of live stock on each farm to consume the waste of the farm and to utilise the idle land. YOUNG MEN'S SAVINGS FUND. City National Bank Fund Will Be Dis? tributed Dec. 15. 1*14. The Toung Men's Savings Fund of the City National Bank, which Is the oldest organiaztion of the kind in Sumter, and annually has the largest membership, will be wound up this year at the end of the fiftieth week and the fund distributed December lath. This will make the savings of the members available before Christ men instead of on New Year's day as here? tofore. There are 16 maples in the United States, most of them being eastern species. The most valuable, not only because of the product of its amp but afse ef the lumber, is sugar sndpiet