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INCOME TAX BEGINS CAREER. OPKHATION or LAW WIIH II ClOfcN INTO FFI'Kl 1 S ATl'R. I>A\ Mil Oil ONLY uwks \m> com I'OHAllONs. Treasury Drjtartim'iit Issues Kcgula lion* lovcrlitfc Um* W hole latent of lnt|MmC?Point* Out Wlmt I* tu lie PaM ?t ihr yiimr und What Pun I? Kicmpt. Waahlngti.ii. cm. 31.?The income tux, the most r? \ olutiouai y revenue raising imwcr ?-onf*rred mi the Amer? ican government since is foundation, tomorrow starts upon the path that is to bring billions into the public treas? ury. Although It has been discussed i<>r many a year, and its success was assured by an amendment to the Con? stitution early last spring, its col? lection bv a government which has not tried it will strain the resources of the fertile minds in the treasury department and will bo accompanied, It Is not doubted here, with a thous? and complications not now foreseen. Ever since President Wilson curly this month signed the tariff bill with Its Income tax provision the machin? ery of the treasury department has been at work upon the regulations that arc to govern collection of the tax. Ass.-.iant Secretary Williams to? night nai l that the regulations of the department were not dillicult to un? derstand, but some other officials in th" department do not agree. Thous? ands of letters and telegrams bringing up for aottlement points In the new law have poured into the department. They have come from every conceiv? able source and added to the labor of making regulations, have made the task of the experts one not to be envied. The man in the street who know* he makes more than $3,000 a year, and who practically is responsible for his share of the tax, does not need to begin worrying about his payments for the present. The oper ition of the law tomorrow affects only banks, cor? porations and others responsible for payment of bonds, mortgages, sal? aries, etc. For such part as they are bound by the law they must withhold "st the source." The amount so with? held Is not immediately payable to the treasury and the money from the tax will not begin (lowing Into the treasury vaults for many months. The tax for 1913 le to be collected from March 1. shortly after the constitu? tional amendment was ratified, until December 31. The treasury depart? ment tonight issued further regula? tions affecting collections at the source of Income. Its synopsis fol lowe: "Normal tax of 1 per cent is to be withheld at the anure ? where the In? come originates. All persons, firms, organizations, etc., having the receipt, custody, dis poMtrtl or payment of any annual In? come profits or gain.-., are required tu withhold tax ex< ept as exempt by law*. The following Income Is exempt from normal tax of 1 per cent being withheld at source. "Dividend* gg capital stock on net earning* of corporations and like organisations th.it pay the normal tax of 1 per cent on Its net in<NHaV "Proceeds from life Uurance con? tracts mW ? i't ann ial laiagfjaa payments In eaeeaa of $3.o j '"Income <>f mdu ultials which Is not fixed or certain, such as income of faim?-r.?, merchants, agents eompen eati-d on con mission basis, lawyer, doctors, author:* .invent.-is and other professional persons, with no fixed an? nual Income. "The, value of property acquired by Rift bequest ur descent. "Interest upon the obligations ot the Pnited States or its possession or a State or any political subdivision thereof, salary of president and fed? eral Judges. All salaries paid by a Htale. county or municipal, in? hid? ing salaries of ptlMtC school teachers. "The normal tax is not to be with? held until such time as the total pay? ments of an annual income exceed t.l.aoO; then the tel is required to be withheld on the amounts of the total payments unless < ! inn for exemption Is tiled with withholding afc'cnt. ' Persona liable for the personal tax, of 1 per cent may claim ftDfg with? holding agent or collector of internal revenue, benefit ,,f Q deduction of, taxes. Interest and other it? ms as pro? vided ?>\ law. Withholding agent is not required lo withhold the normal lax of 1 per cent until on or uftet NoVeVflt* r I. and then only gel amounts a< 0ruing on and after November I, 191 '>. when in cx eess of $:\ooo. lV|M,,ns subject to the normal tiv of 1 j? r rent when absent from the Inlted States or physically tin ib|e to make returns required by law may, HD'1' r lgflta.ll <- millions, appoint agents to ggf fag them. "The penalt |ef rdse or fraudulent return or statement *|lh intent lode feat or evade .lo tax U | (HM of lH>t etrewding |2.aoo or Impro onmcnl not AUTO PLUNGES INTO RIVER. - l'AHTY OF FOl'K IIA VF NARROW ESCAPE PKOM DKATH. Young People from Muliins and Nich? ols IrapiH-r in (ar When it Falls I Vom llridgc min Pee Den Hi vor. Muliins, oet 11??A Mrioui act i dent in which the lives of four young p#opl? came near being lost occurred last night about 11 o'clock when an automobile party composed of two \oung men and two young women' plunged into Pet Dee Kiver. While crossing the new bridge across the Pee Dee between Muliins and Nichols, the mac bine turned bottom up, pin? ning the four occupants beneath the heavy ear. in the automobile were D. Q. Langston and Willis Lambert Bi .Muliins and Misses Celia Ward and .Mildred Meredith of Nichols. The party left Muliins about 10.150 o'clock last night after attending 0 vaudeville performance. The> were returning to Nichols via the new automobile high" way. Driving about 15 miles an hour they b id about crossed the bridge when the steering gear of the machine came loose and dropped and the ma? chine took a lunge over the bridge knocking off about 50 feet of the side railing. The machine made a com? plete somersault through a space of about eight feet and fell Into about seven feet of water carrying the four 1 occupants to the bottom of the river. Members of the party would have been drowned but f jr the fact that ! the top of the automobile was raised. This helped to some extent to hold up the weight of the machine, which is about 2,800 pounds. Mr. Langston who was driving the car, experienced much difficulty in releasing himself from the position at the steering wheel and stated that he hod given up to drown but after a few second* he managed to get from beneath the wheel. The young women had i close call, neither of them being able to swim, and It was with much diffi culty that they were pulled from un? der the machine. Miss Ward fared the worse and came near strangling to death. Mr. L?ngsten was bruised about the shoulders and chest where the steer? ing wheel caught him with violent force. The party secured a conveyance and resumed the trip to Nichols, leaving I the machine In the river. Early this morning a man passed '"?er the bridge and noted several boards and the rails missing und could a wheel of the machine in the WHter. As soon as this was reported here searching parlies were about to be formed to go down to look for the possible victims. Two automobiles had already left town but when the 8.2C train gf flVOd here the two young men who had been In the accident came In, having taken the train at Nichols. There was general relief when it was b-arned that no fatalities oecuried. Miss Mury Lemmon returned to the city Sunoay after spending ten days In Columbia In charge of the Sumte? County Girl's Tomato Club booth. The booth was one of the attractive onej at the Stute Fair and was among those receiving honorable mention, al? though no prlMf were won by tl e ex? hibit. ????? ? \< ? ? <ling one year oi both." ( omtsion AMONG FINANCIERS. New York, <>< t. 81,?That part of New York which is referred to vague? ly as "Wall street" today was in a state Of confusion. For once in its career Wall street did not know which way to turn. The new Income tax law becomes effective tomorrow and gome of the hlsheet priced law* y< is, bankers and corporation OftV clali in the world confeaeed that they were completely at sea as to its no aning. At 7 o'cloek tonight a group of nu n ?merged from the darkened interior Ol on. of the largest banks in thei downtown distrn t. In the group Were Hit prealdent and vice presidents of Hie bank. Tiny had just concluded the last of a series of lengthy confer ?ncei which have been held every evening this week. The subject ol ail tbes conference! was the Income tax law. '?We're swimming in mud." inld on? of them ofBoora "For ? day or iwo i I hough! i myself was coming to know what was mean! i>> the income tax law, and the treasury regula? tions concerning it. but now I'm con* vi need that i hardly know anything about them and m> follow officer* know lees/' The chief eourec of trouble is thai portion ol the law which provides for the collection "at the iource" of the tan on Incomeg derived from interest on honria mortgagee and certain oth? er obi Ige Ilona, Banki and corpora* ? ion- ,un required to withhold this tag in making payment! of Interest due to bobb is of Urltlen Mole than $IO,tte,edt |i (Jut tomorrow In November Intereel payments in New York. MILEAGE EXCHANGE LEGAL. , RAILROADS MAY REQUIRE IX CHANGE OF MILEAGE FOR TKKl.TS SAYS COM? MERCK COMMIS? SION. Case Whore Railroad Commission' Must Keep Hands Off as It Has Nothing to Ho with Matter?Underj Decision Railroads Can Sell Mileage Good for South Carolina Only. Washington, Oct 81.?'While is suance of mileage by carriers may be Voluntary( Condition! attached to the use thereof must not make discrimi? nations or other positiv? wrongs for? bidden by the act to regulate com? merce. Regulations requiring ex change of coupons from interchange? able mileage book or mileage ex? change books before commencing journey are not found to be discrim natory o:* otherwise in violation of the act." The above synopsis given today by the interstate commerce commission in the matter of the issuance of the mileage books in South Carolina, ex? plains in brief the decision of the . commission of this subject. It will be remembered that several import? ant hearings were had in South Caro? lina, and one or two in Washington last winter to determine whether or not railroads operating in South Car? olina were not practicing discrimina? tion in selling mileage books, one form being good only within the State, and the other, the regular inter? changeable kind, requiring an ex? change at a ticket office window be? fore a ticket could be had foi trans? portation. These hearings were at? tended by a big array of counsel and by many witnesses and covered sever? al months' time. The decision which has been expected since last winter came today. AfUr declaring that the commission i has absolutely nothing whatever to do with the selling of mileage books for use wholly within the State of South Carolina, that being a question over which the commission has no jurisdiction, and after reviewing the history of the mileage book question throughout the country and giving an outline of the act of the South Caro? lina legislature when in 1912, :t pass? ed an act requiring the railr oads to receive coupons from mileage books sold by any railroad on its trains as transportation within the State and to ; check baggage for passengers upon presentation of said mileage books, the opinion in part given by Commis? sioner Marble says: "This commission is not able to agreo that. the acceptance of the State mileage upon trains and the run t? mporaneous requirement that inter? state mileage must be exchanged for tickets constitute a discrimination against interstate travelers. The case is not >ne that responds to the tests for discriminatioi A discrimination involves the idea of a relationship be? tween the person favored and the per? son injured. It operates to give one patron of the carrier an advantage over another, and thus by favoring one injures others. A practice that is bad only because discrimination can always be remedied by withdraw? ing the benefit from the favored party or by extending it to the injured par? ties. In this case, no interstate trav? eler is injured or hindered in any way by the fact that State travelers 111 South Carolina may use State mileage upon trains. No interstate traveler would be saved from any burden or Inconvenience by the withdrawal from travelers in South Carolina of the privilege secured by the legisla? tion above recited. "Neither is the case one that re? sponds to the tests for unreasonable? ness. The rates provided for the pur? chasers of train tickets for cash and the requirements made of such pur? chasers must be taken as Indicating tho legally reasonable standard, 01 such rates and requirements must be changed. Such purchasers must now pay a higher rate than the mileage 1 rate, and must exchange their Cash for tickets at the station before check? ing baggage and before boarding trains. If they tender cash upon trains-, they a?'e charged a penalty III addition to the single ticket rate. No whore In the act can the commission find any authority for condemning the requirement thai holders of mileage shall procure train tickets without at the same time condemning the same requirement as applied to those desir? ing to check baggage and secure transportation upon cash fares, "The authority of the commission over such regulations as the one here considered is to require them t?. be amended or withdrawn If they operate to make discriminations or otherwise positive wrongs forbidden by the act to regulate common <?? Such wrongs have not been disclosed by the record. The record here has shown some In* ooi venlence to holders of mileage tickets, but these can be removed by im 'eased efficiency In station opera? tion which will benefit all travelers alike. ' It will thus be seen that, narrowed down to a tew words, the declfriufi FOUR REGIONAL BANKS. COMMITTEE DECIDES ON THAT NUMBER Ol?1 RESERVE BANKS AT PRESENT WITH MORE LATER. Hadical Amendment Opposed by Ad-1 ministration Supporters in Com? mittee?Four May Be Increased to Twelve After Two Year*?Four Hanks to Have $100.000.000 Capital. Washington, Oct. 81.?The senate: banking and currency committee to* night tentatively agreed upon tour regional reserve benkl for the pro? posed new currency system, with a proviso that after two years the fed? eral reserve board may add as many additional hanks as it deems neces? sary, not exceeding 12. The pending bill fixes the number at 12 and it has been understood that the administra i tion would not consent to have it re? duced below nine. The sharp reduction in the num? ber of reserve banks was the first radical amendment the committee has agreed upon and it was earnestly op ! posed by administration supporters in J the committee. Senators O'Gorman j and Hitchcock, however, voted with j the five Republicans for the reduc I tion, leaving but five Democrats be ' hind the administration proposal. J President Wilson, it became known i tonight, looks with disfavor on the j action of the committee today. He I believes there should be at least 1<? ' regional reserve banks, and he had been assured by administration sup? porters in the committee that today's ! series of votes only was of a tenta j tive character designed chiefly to j sound out the attitude of the members ' towards fundamental portions of the bill. The president was advised that ', probably there would be a reconsid? eration of the vote at subsequent meetings. It is thought that even? tually the number of reserve banks may he fixed at seven, with discre< 1 tion given to the federal reserve board to increase the number to 10 or 12 within a certain period. Such i an arrangement, it is believed, would j prove acceptable to the administra | tion. The committee still has pending ? the proposal to abandon entirely the administration regional plan and to I create a government controlled cen? tral bank. There also is pending Sen? ator Heed's proposal that the unifica? tion of the regional banks be accom? plished by the creation of a govern? ment clearing house as a reservoir. The question of the capitalization and stock ownership of the proposed regional banks was taken up Imme? diately after arrangement wei ten? tatively fixed, but no decision was reached. Chairman Owens tonight expressed j the opinion that the bill would be amended to eliminate the adminis? tration provision under which banks would be forced to subscribe the cap? ital of the regional banks. The stock, he said, probably would be thrown open to Public subscription. Stock? holders would have no voice In the management of the banks, he said, which would be entrusted to a board uf directors to be appointed by the federal reserve board, thus ensuring complete government control. The total capitalization of the four regional banks, Senator Owen said, probably would amount to $ 100,00t?, 000. The administration supporters con? tested every step in the reduction of regional manks. The proposal to in | crease the number after two years up ? to 12 was voted into the bill with only i two members opposing it. j The committee hopes to decide the law as to the ownership and control of regional banks tomor? row and it is expected that with mat ' ter disposed of, the serious questions In dispute speedily will be adjusted. Tomorrow the committee will re? cess to allow various members to go to their homes for the elections, con? sideration of the bill going over until Wednesday. MONTHLY REPORT. City Nurse. For the month <>f October, 191u. Nurse?Antonia Gibson. Patients, 12. Tuberculosis patients, 3. Total number of visits, 194. Visits to tuberculosis patients, 12. ! Sent to hospitals, 1. Died, 1 I usmissedi 21. Remaining under treatment. 13. means thai so far as mileage books good for travel wholly within th< State Of South Carolina are concerned, that is a matter with which the com? mission has nothing to do, and th.it, as to interstae mileage no wrong, in alleged by those who brought thld proceeding, has been shown. This be? ing the case, the railroads mas eon tlnue to operate their mileage book plan as at present, unless far conven? ience or for other reasons it should be deemed net i ss;ll > lo change pies ent regulations LEVER LIKELY HOT IN RAGE. SEEMS CERTAIN HE WONT SEEK SENATORIAL TOGA. Elimination of Lover, Would, it is Believed, Quickly Settle Patronage Light?Lever Likely to Stand for Re-election to congress ? Blenee Denies that be had Agreement with Lever Whereby Latter was to Quit lUce, Columbia, Nov. 1.?That Congress? man A. F. Lever will announce that he will not be in the senatorial race, thus leavirg the held to Senator E. ] >. J Smith and Governor lilcase, is the in j formation available in Columbia to i night from a highland authoritative ! source. It has been felt here for I ! some time, as indicated in the News and Courier already, that Congress? man Lever had made up his mind \ 1 not to enter the senatorial race, and the confirmation of this came today I from a source reliable and authorita I ! tive. The announcement from Congress man Lever has been awaited for sev? eral weeks. It is known that strong j pressure was brought to bear on him j to enter the race for the senate and \ j it was also reported from reliable ) quarters that Senator Tillman was j trying to induce Mr. Lever to run for the upper house. It is known that J Congressman Lever consulted his friends from all parts of the State and he has promised to make a public statement before returning to Wash? ington. With the elimination of Mr. Lever from the senatorial fields it is believ? ed that the South Carolina patronage fight will be quickly settled. That the chances of the appointment of F. H. < Weston, of Columbia, as district at? torney, and J. L. Sims, of Orangeburg, as marshal, are materially strengthen? ed by the turn of event! is believed. Those jn touch with t he situation and who have been keeping up with the steps in this fight and have been read? ing between the lines have figured out that a lot has been going'on behind the scenes, all having to do with the next senatorial race. That the nam < ing of the district attorney and the United States marshal were involved in the senatorial fight no one doubt? ed. It is reported here in Columbia, i and has been talked for some time, that the bill to create two Federal dis | tricts in South Carolina was offered I as a solution of the patronage light between Senators Tillman and Smith ' and to relieve the national adrrinis 1 tration from deciding between them. < However, it is understood that the outlook for the passage of the bill is not bright, in fact that it is in "cold j storage." Hence the matter reverts to i the original proposition of deciding I which senator will control the appoint? ment, and it seems that the district attorney is the best. That the national administration favors the reelection of Senator Smith as against Governor Blease is gener? ally accepted, and, ii fact, the gov? ernor has charged that President Wil? son is usinj; patronage to try to keep him from t he senate. With the senatorial race left to Senator Smith and Governor Blease it is believed here that President Wil ,;(/ti will send in the names of F. H. Weston as district attorney and J. 1j. Sims as United States marchal. The attitude which Senator Till? man will take is unknown and is a situation which is interesting political circles. That he is making a stren? uous effort to land the appointment of J. W. Thurmond for district attor? ney is well known and just what he would do if Mr. Weston is named is a matter of speculation. He and Sen? ator Smith have signed an agreement to confirm which ever one of these two the president names and not to confirm any "dark horse," so it has been published, but that the senior senator will consider the appointment of Mr. Weston as a turn down for him Is also belle\ cd. It is believed that Congressman Lever will seek re-election in his dis? trict to congress for he is very popu? lar, and heil g chairman of the com? mittee on agriculture is a power in the house. It Is also believed that he will stand for election to the seat now I held by Senator Tillman when the; next election for that seat comes off. There has bet n some talk of Con? gressman Lever as a possible candi? date for governor, but it Is not thought that he has given this latter sugges? tion any serious consideration. In fact, when approached about this suggeatlon by this correspondent this week. Congressman Lever asked where the talk was coming from and apparently hadn't heard the matter mentioned before. All of the members of congress from this State were visitors at the Pair this week as was Senator smith. The next senatorial Ugh! Is said to have been talked Considerably in Co? lumbia all this week. That Congressman Lover would have made the race for the senate against Governor Blease if Senator Smith would have retired is also be? lieved, but Senator Smith is going to FARMERS SHOULD SAVE CORN COMMISSIONER WATSON URGES HOLDING FOR HIGHER THICKS LATER ON. Predicts Shortage in TIiIh State ? Think* Federal Estimate is Tot? Large?Conditions Throughout Hie Country. Columbia, Nov. 3.?Predicting an unprecedented price for corn next year and challenger g the federal cen? sus figures lor the South Carolina crop, Commissioner Watson of South Caro? lina yesterday issued a statement to the farmers of the State urging that they conserve this j ear's corn crop. The statement follows: ' Though the federal government's preliminary estimate of th_ corn crop in South Carolina this year indicates only about the same size crop as that of last year there can be no question that South Carolina has raised during 1913 the largest and I best crop of corn in her history and ! in my opinion the estimate I eferred I to is almost farcical. This I say with an intimate knowledge gained i by personal observation of conditions ' that have prevailed in every nook and ! corner of the State this year, j "Whether or not, however, v;e have raised a bumper crop it is of supreme importance that the farmers in South Carolina be extremely careful to take care of all the corn that they have raised this year; that they carefully restrain from wasteful use; and that they take the best of care ot the . product. j "There is a big shortage in corn i throughout the United States, Euro? pean Russia, Spain, Italy, Hungary j proper, Japan, Bulgaria, Switzerland and Tunis, and tho preliminary esti? mate of the world's crop in Septem? ber 25 calls for a total production of only 2,7?>6,000,000 which is 22.4 per ! cent less than was raised in these countries last year. "It is manifest, therefore, that a State like this which is still buying corn from the West, no matter what its quality, will be in a position this year to realize excellent profits from State interchange of corn. "In a letter to me from one of the largest houses inside the State doing a large business in corn the manager of the company says: " 'In our opinion corn will retail from $1.25 to $1.50 per bushel the eoming summer, and we believe if the matter of high prices could b<? brought to bear on them, while we have a lot of forage and other dif? ferent feed stuffs, that they could take care of the corn until the summer months when corn is always higher than any other time in the year, and another thing that we think would hold the price of corn down is the planting of a large oat crop which would curtail the use of corn.' "The statement made by the writer of this letter I do not think is exag. ! gerated and it is for that reason that I wish to urge every possessor of corn in the State to conserve the corn, de? vote his attention immediately to tho planting ot all grain and forage crops that he possibly can, and in that way get the full measure of profit on the corn that he has raised in the year 1913. Thi^ year's corn crop is re? markably free from moisture and is in excellent condition to be saved with the least possible trouble.*' MORE POWER FOR COMMISSION. Wilson Signs Order Relating to In? terstate Commerce Commission. Washington, Nov. 1.?President Wilson today signed an executive or? der amending the civil service rules relating to the interstate commerce commission, so as to enab'o the com* mission, without reference to the civ? il service law, to appoint one direc? tor of physical valuation; live mem? ber* of the supervising board of en? gineers; a supervisor of land apprais? als, and a chief accountant. The director of physical valuation, the Commission already has decided, is to be Commissioner Charles A. Prouty, of Vermont. Thus far the President has not accepted Judge Prouty's res? ignation as commissioner. make the light. His friends think that he can win, they say so in larg*? numbers. Friends of Congressman Lever, some of them at least, told him that If he entered the senatorial race with Senator Smith and Gover? nor Bleaae he would stand a k<>?>1 chance of being sacrificed and would endanger his whole political future. Some of his most stanch supporters, rigorously opposed him entering the senatorial li^ht and then, too, they pointed out the general impreasU n which In their opinion is State-wide that Mr. Lever is the natural end logical man to take the place of Sen? ator Tlllman whe he retires from the senate. Mr. Lever is strong all over the state and could make ? good showing In ? race for the senate even against Senator smith and Governor Bleaae that every one admits. Bat some of the most prominent of hi* supporters think it would be political suicide for him to gu Into the fight.