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SMITH EXPLAINS PLAN. SOCTH C AROLIN \ St- \ VTOR IMS CC86BS ZONE IDEA. Vom Voultl br Heavy Hut He Think| Tbl? Would He More Than Made By Hating H Lotion Helt. Washington. Aug. 25.?Senator E D Smith of South Carolin? today gave out the following statement as to his plan to establish a cottonlesa xono for the purpose of, checking the tf I ward) advance of the boll weevil: For a number of years 1 have been deeply Interested In the boll weevil. l have watched lt? spread from the time It made Its first appear ance In an Isolated spot In Texas uatll tt has pow. reached 'he State of Alabama, and 1 have been appalled by the damage wrought by Its rav ag*s. During all these years I have been hoping for the discovery of eome method by which the peat could be exterminated. or even checked, but in both I have been disappointed Th? boll weevil has continued Its march eastward each year, and tn no section wh?r? It has made its ap? pearance has any method been dis? covered of minimising the damage done by it. "The government has spent nun dreds of thousands of dollars for this purpose but without avail. The gov? ernment experts, entomologists, farm demonstration agents, and others, have done splendid work in teaching the farmers better methods of cultt \ation. rotation of i rops, etc., but so far as checking the weevil Is concern? ed they themselves admit that their work haa been a failure. No method of killing out the boll weevil or check? ing Its spread has been discovered, and unleea something is done it will not be very long until the entire cot? ton area of the South will be infested. "Of course, some cotton can he grown in the areas Infested by the boll weevil, but the yield per farm and Per acre is greatly reduced, while the cost of production is greatly In? creased. A member of congress, who owns a large farm In the infested section, tells me that It costs Just about twice as much t produce a bale of cotton now as it cost before the weevil came Man others have given me testimony to he same et feet "Wh#o one conslderr 'hs loss to the South during recent rei Pg because of thie little insect, and .hen trlee to estimate the probable loss in the fu? ture, the result must be appalling Some time ago the suggesti >n was made to establish h> i ? ihr ? n ? tire COttOfl belt, east of ireai In? fested hv the boll weevil sons of about too miles in Width, in Which no cotton should he planted. It was ai'KUfd th.it this would check tie* eastward advance of the weevil, as it ?se*ots entirely <>n the cotton plant, and it s\,i a i.mil hy entomologist, and other experts on plant and in ? el life, that by Moving this lone we stward from > car to year all the wee\ils in the cotton States could be starved out and entirel\ exterminated 1 until the Mexican border was reached. The idea appealed to me st rough, and I have given the subject I great deal of study ever since. I believe this plan Is entirely feasible, and. while at first thought the cost may seem prohibitive, yet when the esti? mated cost of the zone is compared with the estimated saving, the zone plan most be looked upon SI a very sound business proposition. The gov? ernment entomologists, farm demon* strut ion agents, ami others, admit that If this sone plan is put into operation It will undoubtedly check and finally exterminate the boll weev il, as it will have nothing to feed upo i, and they admit also that no other plan that ban ever beer. *ried so far has been at all effective. "A few weeks ago I asked one of the officials in the department of agri ? ulture to give me an estimate as to the losses the farmers of the South have suffered as the result ot the boll weevil. The figures furnished me are startling. From the report furnished me 1 make the following extracts: " 'The only adequate way of ar? riving at the losses due to the bull weevil is by studying the average production per acre by States, Com paring years of non-infestation with vears of infestation. It is quite no? ticeable that every State by the third ir of infestation has shown a de? rided reduction in average void per acre. This average production hi used in connection with the acreage planted to obtain an estimate in money value of the loss from the boll weevil to the producers. This 14 only the primary loss and is turned over and over again as it reacts upon the ginners. oil mill men, merchants bankers, property values, manufac? turers of the textile and the final con sumers. " The total loss to producers ob? tained by this method from 1818 through I til is M41.lll.lll, or an average during the 18 years of $4*1, 751,174 per annum. " '< >nly the more obvious losses from the ravages of this pest can be estimated. There are the losses in pro ductlvit} suffered by 11??- producers, and the losses in business <T the tlrsl pi o* rsst>n of man ifacture. " 'Figures are presented to show the losses to tin- planter( the ginner and the oil mills, as follows, for the period from 1896 to 1912: [Loss to tln> planters.. . . $ % 11L* 1,1 :i.r> Lo to tin- gimiers.. .. 17,446,292 Loss to the oil mills.. .. 72,270,421 $931,237,86 I " To these figures must he added the losses in business suffered by cot? ton buyers and brokers, merchants, hankers and cotton mills; the loss In property values; tin- ultimate effects upon the consumer.' "in other words, officials of the department of agriculture estimate the loss to the South from the boll weevil between 1895 and 1912 to have been considerably more than $1,000,? 000,000. This Is Staggering. More? over, the loss is increasing year by year, and no way of checking it is In sight. "Now as to the cost of the proposed zone. Here is an estimate that ] have had made, and 1 think the estimate is a very liberal one: " 'The cessation of cotton growing over an area of 4*?,245 square miles. In which the crop Is valued at $9X, 990,04 7 per annum, Is at first glance such an appalling suggestion that feu have even thought to look deeper. We must add to this the loss in ginning business, which Is computed at $2, 915,518 per annum, and the loss in seed products totalling $6,633,662. This means that there must he a compen? sation for a loss in earning value of $107,539,127 per annum. " 'In the first place any scheme which would call for the cessation of cotton growing must provide the means and knowledge for growing something else in the place of cotton. A large corps of trained agriculturists instruc ting in the cultivation of new und profitable crops and in the prin? ciples of rotalon, maintenance <?f soil fertility, etc., would help the people to double ami treble the output of their land within a very few years. It WOUld alSO be necessary to supply seed for planting the 2,573.?'?715 acres of COttOfl land in other crops. Thus the greater part of the prospective loss can he met at a reasonable expense. " 'The lops to the ginners and part of the loss to the oil mill men will ha\e to he assumed by the govern? ment. Tiiis loss would not exceed $9,000,0*0. " 'It would l?e necessary for the Wt tern part of the quarantined area to remain out Of cotton for possibly t hi ee \ t ars . * Bast of the proposed quarantine ! line there lies an area of 112,029 squafe miles of territory in which cot? ton enn lie produced. The average yield per acre I I 908-1 91 1 > t or (His ten dory lias been :'.,<).". i, l ??:; bales (500 pounds) of which 32,892 bales i 500 pounds) was sea island cotton. The value of the latter was $4,224,235 The \alue of tiie remaining or upland COtton valued at 11!? Cents per pound. was $ IT:?.:: I 5,55 1. The \ slue of the equivalent amount of seed produced would be $33,943,532. Thus the annu? al value of the producers oi the crop 'to he protected is $217,514,211. Past history of the boll Weevil has shown , that if this area is not protected its production will be lowered year by year until possibly 50 per cent of the crop is taken, and sometimes as high as 76 per cent.' "It is only fair to state that Dr. Qalloway. the assistant secretary ot agriculture, in transmitting this re? port to me, stated that the figures and I facts given by this expert were to be accepted as the expert's own, and not as representing the department. At the same time I am Willing to Bay that I consider this expert just as capable a man as Dr. Galloway, and a good deal more practical when it comes to considering the real problems of the cotton farmers of the South. He has given the matter a great deal of study, and collected these figures with a great deal of care and after hum search. 1 accept his figures as reason? ably accurate. "In addition to the above 1 have secured Information from Other sources as to the damage done by the boll weevil. "II. ES. Blakeslee, commissioner of agriculture of the State of Missis? sippi, writes: "The weevil hud year certainly damaged the cotton crop to the extent of half a million bales. You can ligure this out as to what the ac? tual damage in dollars and cents would be. Now, the crop this year is in splendid condition all over the State, and if it were not for the weevil I I believe that we would make a mil i lion and a half hales; however, I think we will do well to get a million bales. This gives you an idea of what the weevil does for a regular cotton pro? ducing country, ami particularly one in which negroes and mules make the cotton. Land values have depreciated ; fully 40 per cent, where the weevil has been as long as two or three years. Experience has shown, however, that fcnls depreciation is temporary, and of course in four of live years it begins to stiffen up ami go back to previous prices." "T. t >. Plunkett, land and industrial, agent of the Southern railway, writes by owners of property in that country, that they own lands winch, a few years ago, were valued at $.">o to $7f? per acre.' "I have quoted these facta and Agures to show that the situation Is really a'a lining. If something Is not done it will he only a few years until the entire cotton belt of the South will he Infested with the boll weevil, and the experience of the past shows that this will mean a greatly reduced cotton production an<l u greatly increased cost of producing whatever amount is grown. Cotton is th?' money crop of the South, and. in fact, the money crop of the United States, and anything that threatens the money crop of the South threat? ens the. welfare of the entire United States. The danger is not a local ? me alone or even a sectional one alone. At the conference held a few days ago in the office of the secretary of agriculture most of those present were from the sections where the boll weevil has already made its appear an< e and has begun its devastating work. Naturally thej were more in? terested in trying to get something that would help their own sections than in trying to protect sections that have not yet been reached. "Many efforts have been made to Check the spread of the boll weevil, hut all have failed. The /.one plan is the only suggestion that has yet been offered that holds out any prom? ise of relief. The cost, of the zone plan Is undoubtedly great, but when the estimated cost is compared with the estimated saving, the protection of sections not yet reached, and the ultimate eradication of the boll weevil throughout the entire cotton belt.the cost does not seem to me to he pro? hibitive. In tact, the cost of the zone system Will be small compared to the loss that will be entailed if the boll weevil is not exterminated. "I have spoken of the aggregate loss to the country, but the feature that appeals to me most stronglj Is the loss to the individual. The coun? try may eventually recover from the aggregate damage done the cot? ton ctop, by growing other crops, hut the individual cotton farmer whose income is cut In half or destroyed, and whose property is made to depre? ciate In value, may never recover. The loss to him will be irrevocable, "it is practically certain that If the boll weevil spreads t<. the Atlanti' States tin* sea Island cotton industty will be wiyed out ? titij.i.. This. is by reason ^t the semi tnp]dcml H,*ttn> SJfIT'S Ml?! which arToras a safe naroor, Knu breeding ground for the Insects dur? ing winter and summer, and tie- fact that there bj neither extreme heat nor extreme cold, both of whlcg/are injurious to insert lite It Is my <l liberale Judgment that if the boll weevil reaches the sea islands there will h?' no more sea island cotton. "Just at this time the government is being urged to no to war to pro? tect the interest of a few American mine owners and their employes in .Mexi. hut apparently nothing i< being d<?ne to check the spread of* this I ril which came from Mexico, and Which has already entailed a loss up? on this country greater than the vslu* of all the mines in llexk '', and Which threntena the immediate welfare of more American citizens than have I over ' tossed the Kio (iiande or wilt > ever ci rtas it. "I have prepared this statement in order that the peope of the country may know just how seriously the cotton crop is being menaced and that they may dlacuss and understand the only plan that has been offered that promises to accomplish the re? sult needed. If any other plan is suggested that promises to accom? plish the result at a less cost, or in a quicker manner, I will give it m heartiest support. What 1 am most anxious for is to save the great cot ton crop of the South, and this maj not be done unless the people realise the danger and demand that adequate Steps be taken to meet the situation. "I will be glad for the farmers and others of the South to consider this problem carefully and write me what they think of it." BIG ORGAN ARRIVES. - Huge Instrument to he Installed at Winthrop. Rock Hill. Aug. 25.?The big pipe organ for Winthrop college has ar? rived and is being unloaded at th<? college. It filled ihree freight cars and was bought from a Louisville, Ky , house. An expert from the factory is here to superintend tlv erection of the instrument In the audi? torium. Marriage License Record. A license to marry has been issued to Mr. James Wilson of South Lynch burg and Miss Katie L, Nesbit of. Shiloh. First to Ship a Car of Mules and Horses This Season = This Car Will Arrive This Afternoon, Friday, August 29th, 1913. Come in and look them over. We do not ask you to buy unless you like what we have to offer. In this car we have two extra nice combination Saddle and Harness Horses, several good brood Mares, some close mated teams of Mules, and good busi? ness individual Horses, and Mules the size you want, 800 to 1200 pounds. Our Mr. Booth who has just returned from the market, reports prices about the same as last season. A car load of Hackney Buggies and a car load of Hackney Wagons expected next week. Complete line of Sumter, Rowland, Tyson and Jones and Brockway Buggies now on hand. Quality and Durability of all our vehicles guaranteed to us by the manufacturers. To this we add our warranty ol satisfaction in price and when terms are needed we shall endeavoi to suit you. In our Farm Machinery Department we are making a special effort to ?elect only such articles as are suited to the peculiar conditions of this territory ?nd each such article must do the work expected of it. Over $2,000 worth of repairs for the machines we sell now on our floors. The Osbornc and Dain Mowers and Rakes, the complete line of Jno. Deere Plows and other Implements, the International Harvester Co.'s line of Engines, Hay Presses, Feed Cutters, Etc., and Syracuse Steel Beam one and two horse plows gives you an idea of the magnitude of this department. Any style and price, Single and Double Harness. Full line of Harness, Accessories, Whips, Stock Powders and Medicines. We offer a more complete line of Lap Robes this season than tisnJ. They were bought before the advance, consequently we will sell cheaper than others. Boyle Live Stock Co., & South Carolina