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PAYNE HITS UNOERWOOD BILL lint s? DUtvrt on THK I Mill'F I Nl>8 IN KTOQIFNCF. Father of Present Law Defects I Mr. Results If New lllll In Paaeed ? iVnrocrm* Lend ami ii. O. I*, ami Pi ogi centres Assail Revision ? Halncy Hayn BUI Reprewenu New Fee la (Jortrnnirm'h Fiscal Policy. Washington. April 18.?General de? bate on the Democratic tariff bill In the House wound up tonight In a final outburst of oratory. Democrat! ?pent the day lauding the measure, while alternately Republicans and Progressives attacked Its provisions. The House, weary after a week of tariff oratory, did not produce a nu? merous attendance, and most of the speeches of the day were made to empty benches. Representative Payne, of New York, the ranking Republican member of the ways and means committee, and the father of the present tariff law, however, had a good sited audience on band la listen to his denunciation of the bill. He painted a vivid word picture of ruined industry snd im? poverished labor, which he present? ed aa the inevitable result of the Un? derwood bdl. Republicans vocifer? ously spplauded when he declared that the reduction in the coat of llv lag promised by the Dajggogfggi as a result of the tariff revision was a fallacy Mr. Payne criticised the ways and means committee for putting wool on the free list, while leaving on the du? ties** has the hair of the Angora goats. Intimating that it was the work of Representative Garner, the Texas member of the committee. There are t 000.000 goats rslsed in the lotted States" he said, and I under? stand that Mtt.ttO of them are rals edtn Tri..a" Kerwaentatlve Murdock, the Pro? gressive' lender, criticised the tariff policy of both Democrats and Repub? licans. He said the Underwood bill Was Sn unreliable, chaotic jumble," sad urged that the tariff he placed la tne hands of a non-partisan tariff commission. Representative Halney, of Illinois. Democrat, declared the bill repre ented a new era In the Government's iseal pulley, "making lighter the lurden o? taxes upon the consumers ?f the country and compelling great realtb to eontrlbute Us fair aha re to? ward paying the Government'** ex ?enssa" Representative Chandler, of New Verfe, Progressive .advocated the re? set ten of certsln tariff duties and re? lied to Representative Heflln. < f Ala ?aroa. who. he said, had called Theo ore Roosevelt "the wild man from fries," and In the same breath had ivoked the spirit of Andrew Jackson o guide the deliberations of a Dem "Static Congress. "Jackson once killed a man nimed hartes Dickinson In a duel." said Mr handler; "he threatend to hang Cal oun as high as Haman: tried to orsswhip Thomas Ren?.on. challenge d Oen. WinMeld 8ce;t to duel; over an Florida, and had two eminent '?rttish gentlemen hanged. thereby early bringing us into a war with treat Britain and Spain, and when resident, broke up bis Cabinet by hi* wn headstrong violence. This Is the did mannered man whose spirit is ivoked In th's House by a Democrat Congressman In the same breath a employed to denounce Roosevelt s a wild man from Africa.' Repre?enta?ive Kindel, of Colorado, Democrat, n tented what he said were charges of th ? Republlcsns that mem? bers of the majority had been bribed . and Intimidated And were supporting the 1'nderwood hill in order to get de? sirable committe* assignments, other Democrats who defended the bill were Hepresentatlves Kline. of Indiana; Fltthenry. of Illinois, and Hill of II llnois Repr> i York. Democrat, said he was proud of the bdl as a whole, but . rttklStfl the income tax f?..ture Representative Frear. of Wi nsin, Republlcsn. attacked .he measure declaring thit It* a heduli VSft du criminatory. Th- Jenste fin Ml i |o ed at a no b' seselan with a liol* defence of the I'nderwood bill h> RepresentgtlVS H irdnirk of HrorKla. and short Statt isnt bv Leaner I 'nib-rwood. aftei peeches hy Ht g# aasntatt ts Burnett, f Alabama Dupiei. of Louisiana. nd M?Keiisr of Tennessee Dene, rats. Towio r. of |taSa\ and Fan. of ^tnn?\Itgsjgtj llepubii? an ?, and nth ?rs. Mr HurnvM referring Iht ? ' tett-Dilllngham Immigi at lag bill. \< [?>f,| i.v President Tuft, read a tele grsphx report of the pt .idltSgl ol the m.mmlaalon of Illinois. of April regarding condillons at th* HprlnanVhi fa< tot y ol the International Shoe Company. wbl?-b he said allowed "that ?he Repuldloan pmtv Si gat Still in partnership with Its Irusts but In psrtnership with the v\l> la llsve trsden " Wlntrr la llngeilns |SS k?Sjf in I he Uf uf ggfggg FEARS STRENGTH OF JAPAN. THIS i'Ol'NTHY NOT PK I I' \ 111 I? FOR WAR, SAYS AHM Y OFFICER In Opinion of Mggglft*? ?I Hauerei suff, i:i|H-rt on Hilt tan \r . MUlkado Coald Keli- PI lllppli* n . I I a n<I 120,000 Trnl ilicr* < PacJnV Coast Hefe- Fi tolas Fleet Could Round the lloin or Army be Concentrated. The unpreparedness of the U?ited States for a war with Japan should! ?mi-h a conflict be precipitated by the passage of the proposed land laws of California, waa set forth in detail for the Washington Post by one of the leading military experts of the country < who Is, as well, a member of tho gen? eral staff of the army. His comment follows: "In some press dispatches it has bee l stated that should the California land bill become a law in its propos? ed form it will become impossible to control the people of Japan, and war will follow. While it is to be hoped that such a calamity will not occur, in view of such statements we must re? cognize the possibility and the ser? iousness of the situation, and we ask, What should be the conditions con? fronting us on the outbreak of hOSttl- j itiea? "The bulk of our navy is now con- 1 centrated on our Atlantic t oast. For I it to reach California by the- Way of Cape Horn, or the Philippines by the way of Sues, would take from two to' three months. In this connection It is well to remember that on declaration of war the ports of forengn nations would be closed to the United States for coal supplies, and the coaling ques? tion might in Itself prove an Insur? mountable obstacle to the voyage of the fleet, particularly II on arrival at destination It Is to And its naval base in possession of the enemy, and is It? self so short of coal as to be unable to manoeuvre. "The conditions as to the land forces are as follows: We hold the Philip? pines with It.000 troops. The Island of Corregldor at the entrance of Ma? nilla Bay, which it is proposed to hold with this force, Is but partially forti? fied. In the Island of Owahu we have about 6,000 troops with which to pro? tect Pearl Harbor and Honolulu. This Island is hut partially fortified, and the least number of troopn which It has ever been calculated could hold it against attack is one dlvitdon, about to,000 men. "In the Untted States we have a | partially trained militia of about 120, 000 men of all arms and corps, a mo? bile regular army available of nbout 32.000 men, and a coast artillery force of about 16,000 men. "This last would be needed in the seacoast defences, so there would re? main available for defence about 140, 000 mobile troops, all badly organised, the majority of which are haif trained. To concentrate these troops on out Pacific coast, should there be no hitch in transporatlon, would take from four to five weeks. And it may be said in this connection that not knowing the enemy's objective, we could not concentrate them at any one point but must divide them between two or three. "If we consider next the probable action of Japan, It is evident that two courses are open; always remember? ing that she need never consider our fleet. First, she can seize the Philip? pines, Hawaiian Islands, end Alaska. Second, she can seize the Philippines and attack our Pacific coast. In eith? er case tf suceasful, she deprives our flat t of a base on it I arrival in the Pa? cific. To do either of these she has at her disposition and available transpor? tation for about 150,000 men, exclusive of her fleet. This has been carefully estimated by men whose business it is to be familiar with details of this na? ture. "it we are to Judge her chances ol ii' 'e??s in the first ease, it has Y)pon .aid that using the ves'.pp of smaller tonnage, oseoftsd ay her poorer ves? sels of war, she can in two weekl dis embark on the Island or LUSOS In the Philippines iwe drvunonn ?s.eoi men ami establishing i nival base, seise M Milla and proceed to reduce Coi rcgl dor. "in |wn weeks hef Meet *>;il have resetted lh? Hawaiian i lands, into which we will have been unable lo ihrou n Infort emenls owing In ihe de lays of < on< i nt rat Ion and tie* Impossl btllt) "t obtaining iransporistlon in Ihres weeks such iroops ? she ma) ib em neeessari lu havs sent will have landed, and hef Meet will have a naval '?.is. ond bs free la harr> out Pselfle rossi and meal onf Heel east oi west should it havs been side lu carry suhl < I net eoal lo make the voyage. in the second rase, Japan eeuld proceed agalnsl ?in- Philippines, as ai '..id-, staled, and. foi the moment Up norlng Ihe Hawaiian islands, .send in the Pacific roast from Imo.immi to IJn. SSi trained soldiers, escorted by a Meet . In fOUf Weeks. before We COUlU have been gbis lu concentrate, the) Would have ai lived and Could land almost where I hey would one does not lue to thud, of the outcome ot InlENEfiROjr J. WILL liGHT AVI Tin: HtTTBR 1 Ha i t hi 111 Not ustrla-? ? th Force tl bfj tho Out ? I,. London, Ap lennu dis? patch to The < i /?: "News has 3 that Crown : INince Danil ig northward with the Mo my in connec? tion with t' ons which are being mad in Austrian at? tack on C he heights dom? inating the r?rtu i Cattaro to Cet tinje are being hastily equipped wih heavy artillery and strong Montene? grin forces, are taking up positions in the mountains. "Montenegrins have been furnished by Servia with sufficient provisions for ? the Montenegrin army to last three months." A dispatch to The Daily Mail from Trieste says that 80,000 Austrian troops are assembled near the Monte-' negrin frontier. The Mail's correspondent at Gratz, Austria, says it is stated that Austria' is planning for Tuesday a military ad-1 vance which will not be confined to Montenegr.. Troops w ill be sent in < transports to southern Albania. Mean? while troop trains crowded with rifle? men from the Austrian armies are j proceeding to the south. The Mail's Belgrade correspondent says that the alliance among the . members of the Balkan league 'clear- i ly provides for concerted military action in the event of an attack by, Austria, even if such attack has the sanction of the great powers." A Vienna dispatch to The Mall says: "Telegrams from Cattaro report thai Montenegrins are making lnsult I ing demonstrations in front of the Austrian legation. They decorated an Imitation donkey with a dress coat, the breast of which was covered with fac? similes of the Austrian orders, and1 i hung it outside the legation." The representative of the Montene? grin government in London received 1 instructions today from Cettinje or- , derlng him to protest formally against the demand by the European powers fortthe immediate evacuation of Scu? tari by the Montenegrins, which is de? scribed by the government of King Nicholas as "unjust and cruel." The demand of the European pow? ers Is couched In the following lan? guage: "We have the honor to declare col? lectively to the royal government of Montenegro that the taking of the 1 fortress of Scutari does not in any wa>\ j modify the decision of the European powers relative to the delimlnatlon of 1 the frontiers of northern and north-> eastern Albania and consequently the ! city of Scutari must be evacuated! with the briefest possible delay and must be handed over to the Euro-1 pean powers represented by the com- ; mandants of the international naval forces lying before the Montenegrin coast. The royal government of Mon? tenegro is invited to give a prompt reply to this communication." The Montenegrin representative In London* to whom this demand was cabled back from Cettinje, said to? day: "I have been ordered by my gov? ernment to protest formally against this unjust and cruel demand and once more to ask the European power.*? to examine in an equitable manner the vital question of Monte? negros future, and to place that na? tion on an equal footing with the Other I>alkan allies." Topeka, Kas., April 28.?The imtne diate apopintment of two women members to the police force was de? cided upon today by the city com? mission acting on suggestions from the woman's auxiliary board. The board' of Topeka was appointed by Mayor I Cofran recently. Its functions are to! work with the city commission in many matten a battle between our badly organised, half .rained force, divided as it Would be, and the body of veteran soldiers and experienced generals .Japan could Solid "This i/i a presentation of our m(Il? ls rs Situation? and what mal be said to be Its logical out* nine should war Its d. lared. It is humiliating that tin richest und strongest nation in the world should have fslled to make ade I Quals provisions for protection. The theor) of universal peace is a beauti? ful one, btii tin- state ot civilisation does not warrant the belief that the the.oA is praeiIcable "There is something radically wrong in a syst? m of government which falls to provide proper protec? tion for us people Congress should promptly take stops to reorganise our ums and enaei laws winch will Rive us a proper and adequate military system We can onl) hope that war will ma ?..nie and find its, as we ore, hnprotei ted That it Is a possibility la *?\ Idsnt, ' WIR AMONG ALLIES. Rl Molts THAT BULGARIA, HER? VIA AND GREECE ARE FIGHTING. No Authentic News CoaiM From Beat of Trouble Hut VgfclM Reports Slip Through the Lines That Halkun Al? lies are Waging Bloody Content Wtlh Bacfa Other Over Spoils of I War. London. April 28.?The mystery surrounding events in the Balkans' is deepening. No further news has been received of Essad Pasha's exploit In Albania and the situation at Saloniki is difficult to understand. A dispatch from Saloniki of cur? rent date confirms the report that orders were given for the Bulgars to j evacuate all places occupied by the Greeks but that later these orders were counteimanded and that official attempts were made to pretend that that they never were given. A Bucharest dispatch dated April 20 to The Daily Telegraph expresses the firm conviction that if immediate peace is signed between the allies and Turkey a new war will commence he I tween Servia, Bulgaria and Greece. A Bulgarian correspondent says that large concentrations of opposing , troops are ready for these new cam? paigns and adds that he has heard from reliable sources that considera? ble fighting, already has occurred and that three engagements were fought last week concerning which great se? crecy has been maintained He de scribes fighting with heav> losses on' both sides between Bulgarians and > Servians to the notrheast of Monastir on April 10. and fighting between the Greeks and Bulgarians for a week in the vicinity of Nlgrita Seres and Sa? loniki. The Daily Telegraph calls attention to the fact that whereas a few weeks ago the Servians were endeavoring to defeat and capture DJavld Pasha's army these operations appear to have censed, and suggests that the cessa? tion of the Servian attack Is connect-1 ed with Essad Pasha's coup. Apparently the .ambassadors' con? ference in London today postponed its decision until the next meeting which is set for May 1. "There is no cause for pessimism even now," was the only official ut? terance, that could be obtained re-1 garding the momentous conference of the ambassadors of the powers on the Balkan situation today. The conference lasted more than three hours, and another, arranged for May 1, Indicates that the diplomats still expect to find a peaceful split-' tlon of the problem caused by Monte- j negro's defiance of the powers. TROOPS QtTT SCUTARI. Most of Montenegrin Soldiers Leave Captured City. Vienna, April 28.?Crown Prince Danilo of Montenegro and his troops have marched out of Scutari toward the north, according to official dis? patches received here today. Only five batteries of Montenegrin artillery remain in the city. Government circles in Vienna, re? gard the movement of the Montene? grin troops from Scutari as equiva? lent to evacuation of the fortress de? manded by the European powers. WICKER AM) FOOLISH, Ismail Kiamul Bey Denounces Mon? tenegrin Deal With Essad. Paria, April 28.?Ismail Kiamal Bey, favored by Austria-Hungary for the Albanian throne, who is now In Paris, speaking today of the situa-: tion n\ Albania today, said: "If Essad Pasha's reported deal with Montenegro be true, it is treach? ery and folly?treachery because without Scutari Albania would be de? capitated and would become a mere annex to Servia and Montenegro; folly, because it makes the situation most difficult and Imperils Albania's very existence by angering the powers at this juncture. "I am sure the Albanians when thev realise their position will not follow him Europe can not boa be? fore a coup w he n violates their elabo? rated plan- to conciliate all interests." REN 1 EH DISSENSION. Cologne Gaaette says Germany Is Sup? porting Austria. Cologne, Germany, April 38.?In an Inspired Merlin dispatch, published ibis evening, the Cologne Gaaette de? nied the reports printed in foreign newspapers that Germany is not full) supporting Austria-Hungary with re? gard to Die question of disposition ot the fortress of Scutari. The newspaper calls the statement originating in Paris, that Germany has declared that mttitar) operations to compel Montenegro to evacuate Scu? tari, were Inadmlssable, a fiat inven? tion, and it says Auatrla's attitude is fully justitiell. Montenegro is the Rva Tanguay in the 'com ert of nations "?New York World. 0?L1F0RNIANS HEAR BRYAN. but reitst to recede on anti-.l\pa\t:si: hill. Secretary of State Argued Against Passage of Law Violating Federal Treaty on the Grounds That Tills Action by u Bute Would be Detri? mental to Public Policy. Sacramento, April 28.?A day of conferences between Secretary Bryan and Gov. Johnson and members of the California legislature over propos? ed anti-alien land laws ended tonight when the conference adjourned to ' twait replies to messages sent to' Washington tonight by Mr. Bryan. The impression prevailed here when the conference adjourned that the resolution of the majority leaders previously announced to enact a bill specifically debarring "aliens ineligi? ble to citizenship" from owning land i in California remained unchanged, al? though Mr. Bryan advised strongly against such action. Gov. Johnson indicated this in a brief address to the conference. He declared California's right to follow the lead of other States in framing the land bill was unquestioned and said such action now seemed assured. "I have presented the president's \1ews as I understand them,' deelared Mr. Bryan to the conference just be? fore it adjourned. Tonight I shall submit to him the further questions; you have asked me, calling attention! to the statutes of Washington and) Arizona and I shall be prepared to? morrow, I hope, to give you his an? swer." California in the fullness of her right as a State may enact a rigid land law barring Orientials from own- j ership, but such action would be against the earnest wish of the nat? ional administration. This 'a the substance of the mes? sage William Jennings Bryan, secre? tary of state and personal represen? tative of President Wilson, delivered today to a secret conference attended by Gov. Johnson, Lieut. Gov. Wallace and the 120 members of the California legislature. Secretary Bryan arrived in Sac* ramento at 6 o'clock this morning. With his consent plans were laid for an immediate hearing and shortly af? ter 11 o'clock the first session of the conference began. Until the doors, of the assembly chamber were closed and locked Secretary Bryan re? fused to give an inkling of his mes- i sage to any one and even at the con-j ference he spoke only after legisla? tors had explained fully the public de? mand for alien land legislation that brought about the present situation. Those who expected Secretary Bry? an to expound a new theory of State rights were disappointed,' as were J those who expected predictions of war. Advice in the name of President Wilson was all Mr. Bryan had to of? fer, and the paramount question here tonight is whether such advice will overcome the previously announced determination of the Progressive-Re? publican majority to enact an antl alien land holding law along lines already agreed upon. Secretary Bryan reaffirmed the State's right to act in a manner it saw lit, but suggested several sub? stitutes for the passage of a bill re? stricting aliens "Ineligible to rttls<?n ship." baling III: ~*;:. >0[ tin. hp?n.d i foundation oi pu |H>| ?? I '.r ?' ly. these substitutes in tb< m l< which they wer? suggest d ar? follows: 1. Delay immediate action and 1 low the state department to try to ac? complish the ends desired by means of a new treaty w ith Japan. 2. Delay immediate action and ap? point a commission to investigate the subject of alien land ownership and act in conjunction with the president In securing relief. 3. Enact a law similar to the sta trte in Illolnis which permit-- aliens to hold land for a period not exceeding si:: years and applies alike to all 4. Enact a law simular to the exist? ing statute governing land ownership in the District of Columbia, which is a general law applying to all aliens. Of these, it ms) be Bafel) said ac? cording to the leaders in the legisla? ture, thai the lasl two are otil of the question. Many Democrats favor ti tning the matter over to the State department while progressive Republi? cans apparently remain unchanged in support of a bill ?bat would apply Its restrictions to (Mientals alone. Tin- conference with Secretary Bryan seised to show the breadth of the sentiment in favor of an alien land law that shall be effective In checking Japanese and Chinese immigration. A dozen or more senators and assa nibly tnen deelared the people of the State were almost a unit in demanding such a law, and it was threatened thai un? less the legislature act at this time the mattet would he taken up through the initiative and passed by the peo? ple themselves. The conference opened with Lieut. Gov. Wallace in the chair and Sec? retary Bryan seated with Gov. John * son and Speaker C. C Young of the assembly on the platform. Secretary MCADOO DEMANDS INTEREST OH GOVERNMENT FINDS. Ranks Tliat Have Heretofore Had use of Treasury Kurds Without Inter? est Required to Fay Two Per Out Per Annum? Democratic Adminis? tration Gradually Cutting off Spe? cial Privilege*. _* ? * Washington, Apul 30.?The fiscal system of the United States governing deposits of federal funds in national hanks was revolutionized today by ecretary McAdoo of the treasury de ment w th he announcement that ; government depositaries, whether active or inactive, would be requited to pay interest at the rate of 2 per cent per annum beginning Jtme 1 on deposits of the government. Simultaneously with this actioi: the secretary authorized an immediate in? crease of $10,000,000 in government deposits in the national banks mak? ing the total $52.649,964, from which tht tederal treasury will earn, under the new interest order. $1,052,000 an? nually. There are indications that Secretary McAdoo intends to release still more surplus money from the treasury vaults and place it in general circulation through increased deposits with the national bank.*. In a state? ment tonight he said: ' With the banks paying interest on government deposits the secretary may be justihed in keeping larger bal? ances in the national banks, thereby increasing the volume of money in circulation and to that extent reduc? ing the amount loiked up in the treas? ury. " Mr. McAdoo also announced a rad? ical change in the character of securi? ties which the treasury department would accept for government deposits Instead of requiring that the national banks secure treasury deposits exclu? sively with United States or pro? vincial government bonds, t" ey will be allowed in future to secur 70 per cent with government bonds and the remaining 30 per cent with high class State, city and county bonds, accep? table to the secretary of the treasury, to be taken as security at 7 5 per cent of their market value, but not to ex? ceed par. This is the first time in history that the treasury department has called upon the banks to pay interest on what are known as active deposits or accepted, except in periods of financial stress, security other than government bonds. Active depositaries are those which conduct a checking account for the government, cashing checks of the disbursing officers and replenishing their authorized government desoplts from customs and internal revenue re? ceipts deposited with them. There are 900 inactive depositaries, each holding $1,000 of government funds. Upon these deposits, which are not disturbed the government has drawn 2 per cent interest for the past five year*. These are the only government ac? counts which ever have earned in? terest. For years there has been agitation in and out of congress to assess the national banks interest on their gov? ernment deposits. This Invariably has been resisted by previous administra? tions on the theory that the banks with active accounts performed much ? ?lei ' ;i v >rk for the government. The ;,.).;,. com in lit ch expenditures in i h?- i i<- r> depart ment -t l he ?* ? ses>b?n investigated the question and r> ? '?tun ended that lie : ? ? i ? ? a r ? .7 tie t'vasur; l>? required ? charge Inter si tor the use >f lb ?ovi rnnu :,; money. S cretary McAdoo tonight declar? he did not anticiapte any serious re? sistance on the part of the banks to the new policy. If any bank was dis? posed to surrender its account by rea? son of the order, he said, there were many others willing to take it up. The - per cent interest charge will be based upon the average monthly balance of the governments account in each depositary, payable January 1 and July 1 of each year. The $10, 000,000 today ordered transferred from the treasury vaults to the n,; tional bank^ will be distributed ?vt r the country. The free balance in the general fund, including money in ihe Philip? pine treasury and in the national bank depositaries, amounted, at tho begin? ning of the business today, to $141.? 025,2*3. Of this $72.7*1.405, whleb ttlll now be decreased by $10.000,06$ constituted money dying idle in the vaults of the treasurv or subtreasuries i Treasury experts estimate that the minimum upon which ihe goveinmeet can transact its daily business Is $15. OaO.Saa and that a substantial portion ot the working balance could with ease be deposited Trials of the lieh/' T F. Ryan ? $C?0Sg broitSS fence has already been chipped away $2.000 worth?Boston Herald s^esea^eaawBeMp^eM^iMi Bryan was introduced, and in a brief ststement asked ths conference to tell htm Ihu exact kituution.