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SHORT MESSAGE STICKS TO TARIFF President Wilson Advises the , Extra Session. UR6ENT NEED OF REFORMS Chief Executive Says Recent Elections Laid a Out/ Upon the Democratic Party, Which Must Lighten the Bur? den of the People?Says It Would Be Unwise to Move ForwarJ r'cadlong er With Reckless Hast'.; That Busi? ness Muet Be Encouraged, Not De? stroyed, but That Everything That Has a Semblance cf Privilege Must Be Abolished?Promises Special Mes? sage Dealing With Needed Banking and Currency Laws. To the Senate and House of Kepre eentatives: I have called the congress together In extraordinary session hernu.se \ duty was laid upou tin- |> rty now Ul power at the recent elections WMCl it tight to perfor'.i promptly in oi ler that the l?n tried by the |?eople under existing law may be lightened as soon as possible an .1 in order, also, that the business Interests of the eoun try rosy got be kept too long In sus peose ss to what the ggejgj changes ij> by American f'reea Association. rnKsinciT wn.ao*. sre to be to which they will bo re<pilr ed to sdjust themselves. It Is clear to the whin* country that the tariff duties must be altered. They roust gaj changed to meet the radical alteratiou to the conditions of our economic life which the country has witnessed with In the last generation. While the wbole face and method of our Indus trial Slid commercial life were being changed beyond recognition the tariff schedule* have remained what they were In*fore the chnogc hfgjM or have stored In the direction they were giv en when no large circumstance of our Industrlnl dev.- it was what It Is todsy. Our tank Is to square them with the BCttMl hi I mottSf that Is done the s'M?naf we shnll escape from suffering f.om the facts aiu' the sooner our men of business wi'.l he free to thrive by the law of nature (the nature of free gSIS$!MSjSl Instead of by ttie law of legislation and artl nclsl arrangement. How Tariff Has Grown. TVe hat.? seen tariff leTl<'?tlon wnn der very fnr afield !:. our day ?very fnr Indeed frorn the held in which our prosperity might lave had a normal growth and stimulation No one who look* the fact* squarely In the face or known anything that lies gonCSjttl the surfnee of action can fall la perceive the principle* ggSSI which rccciit tariff legislation hn* l>cen bused We long sgo pnsfMMl bevond the modest notion of ?'protecting*' the industries of the country und moved boldly forward to the idea that they were entitled to the direct patronage of the government For n long time-a time so long that the men now active In public policy hardly remember the conditions that precceded It?we have sought In our tariff schedules to give each group of msnufaeturers or producer* what tgs*J themselves thought hat they needed In order to maintain a practically ex elusive mnrkct as against the real of the world OlsnsffgfMtj Of gacesus loasj ly we hare built up a set of privilege* Stul exemptions fr an competition be hind whl h it was easy by any. even the crudest, forms of combination to orgntd/e monopoly, until at Isst noth Ing Is normal, nothing Is obliged to ?fand the te>M of edb iere y and econo my. In our world of big business, hut SjS^Sjfythhsg thrive* by con cried nr rangen.ei t Only ri< . ,.rln'|pU?s of 0' tlon will aave us from u Una I hard erystjilll/atlon of monopoly and a coin plete lo*s of the Infhie ices that quick? en enterprise and keep Independent en ergy Bltfl Muo* Abolo.h Privilcqe. It lefdniu what those principles must he w# Bjsgat tssnaak even thing thai benr* f/vsgi Ihs sssghaincsj of ptirllegsj or of any kind of artll1 kll sslfggjtagsj auj p d our I", ine.? men and i>ro diners under the stimulation of n con? stant necessity to be eiticient, oeonotn Icsl tsd tnttrpiIsing, masters of com? pel itivo supremacy, better workers and merchants than any in the world. Aside from the duties laid upon arti? cles which wo do not and probably cannot prodUCff, therefore, and the duties laid QUOO luxuries and merely fOf the sake of the revenues they yield, the object of the tariff duties hence? forth laid must be effective competi? tion, the whetting of American wits by tontest with the wits of tbo rest of '.he wofftaV It would bo unwise to move toward this end headlong, with reckless haste or with strokes that cut at tho very roots of what has grown up among us by long process ami at our owu in? vitation. It does not alter a thing to ?past it and break it and deprive it of u chance to change. It destroys it. We must make changes iu our fiscaf laws, in our fiscal system, whose ob je t is development, a more free and 1 hoiesotne development, not revolution or upset or contusion. We must build up trade, especially foreign trade. We Held the outlet and the enlarged field of energy more than we ever did be? fore. We must build up industry us well and must adopt freedom in the place of artificial stimulation only so far as it v. ill build, not pull down. In dealing with the tariff the method by which this may be done will be a mat? ter of judgment, exercised Item by item. To some not accustomed to the excitements and responsibilities of greater freedom our methods may in some respects and at somo points seem heroic, but remedies may be heroic and yet bo remedies. It is our busi Bfjgg to make sure that they are genu? ine remedies. Our object Is clear. If our motive Is above just challenge and only an occasional error of Judg meut Is chargeable against us we shall be fortunate Thorough, but Moderate. We sre culled upon to render the country a great service In more mat? ters than one. Our responsibility should be met. and our methods should and we'd considered, based upon the facts is they arc, und not worked out as if an were beginners. We are to deal with the facts of our own day. with the facts of no other, and to make laws which square with those facts. It is best?indeed, it is necessary?to begin with the birlfT. I will urge noth? ing upon you now at the o[>ening of your session wblcb can obscure that first object or divert ou; energies from that clearly defined duty. At a later time I may tnke the liberty of calling your attention to reforms which should press close upon the heels of the tariff changes, if not accompany them, of which the chief Is the reform of our banking and currency taws, but Just now 1 refrain. For the present I put the?u* matters on -one side und think only of this one thing?of the changes tu our fiscal system which may best serve to open once more the free chan? nels of prosperity to a great people whom we would serve to the utmost and throughout both rank and file. The White Uouse. April 8. 101U. INTEREST IN THE SESSION. For the First Tims In Many Years Elements in the extra session of con? gress nro unusual. President Wilson has called the great body together nt a time when his party has absolute con? trol of every branch of the govern? ment relating to legislation. This has not been the caso before in twenty years. During that period of king ago w hen the Democrats were in power President Cleveland called un extra session, but the conditions were tly different from now. The extra session nnder President Wilson Is remarkable because tho law? makers to a lurge extent are men of comparatively recent rise to promi? nence. Pact OSS] of the fact that the Democratic party Is providing a change from Itepuhllcag rale for the first time In sixteen years great Interest is cen? tered upon tfcs doings of congress. Virtually a new generation of legis? lators has sprung tip. With but n very few exceptions there are no men who figured In congressional doings of twenty years ago who aro sharing the responsibilities of the body now. Of only one thing has the public been il so! Italy certain, and that is that the tariff would bo first and foremost among the subjects for work by the SHftsbttore, tad that revision downward would be the purpose. The legislators themselves ha TO Dot known just how the revision Is to be managed, and It has bean well understood that they Would not all be pleased over all the details of the ultimate changes. The subject has bteO thrashed over ho often sad earnestly that Its Intricacies Save bOroSSe feared. The ways and means committee. Which has had the task of drafting the lODtOtlre form of the new tariff meas? ure, ha** been unable to nntiotinco com? pletion of its work in advance of the extra sesalon, but tho probability is thai the measure will bo taken up si nodule by schedule The public has been led to expect that after the tariff is dlOPOOOd Of con s will consider currency, the la come tax, Philippine Independence and the Panama tolls cucstlons. Much PUbll ify has been given to the pM.posed national in orue fax Tho tax will probably spply only to Incomes of over 15,001) an finally Certain members of congrosi hold that this *ort of levy would bo confined to but a compara? tive! nil nt ' portion of the public ind ll it the rei snue would not bo suf > it They orgne that on Inberttanog IS . should be milled to Insure t he need? ed reveuue. WOODKOW WILSON. Democrats Control. MIXTY-THIRU toNt.Ttlss COX \ I N i s l NDI K DEMOCRATIC DOMINATION. First Day Proves im Interesting OnC? Much Discussion uf President** Plan of Delivering Uta Address in liaiis of Congress. Washington. April 7.?Congress, opening In extraordinary session un? der Democratic domination! was en? livened by the activities' of a healthy youth, the Progressive organization, in the house, and an invasion of pe tltlon-bearing suffragettes. But even i these noveltlei were overshadowed by preparation! tor the event of tomor? row when President Wilson will de? liver his tariff message by word of mouth to the nation's lawmakers. Victor Murdock, leader of the now Progressive party in the lower branc h, aided by his small band of followers, attracted unusual interest and at the wr.v outset stirred up a light over the seating of Representative H. Olin Young of .Michigan. The hearaldlng of the coming of the president of the United States was tho 'principal subject of dlleial and un- \ oflui.il discussion. The senate hesi? tated when a resolution adopted pre? viously by the house? providing for a joint session tomorrow to listen to President Wilson was presented for its consideration, it was a stunning propoal, Not in the lifetime of any veterans statesman present had such a thing even been considered. Hi* tory, they supposed, had closed on that custom a century and more ago. First an effort was made to have the resolution lie over under the rule, but Vice President Marshall ruled it was a resolution of the highest privilege. Before it was adopted Senator Wil? liams of Mississippi depreciated the president's decision to enter the bails of congress and speak his mind to "the people's" representatives. He ex? pressed the hope that such an event never would occur again in the admin? istration. He doubted the wisdom of the move, averring that it could not aid In bringing about the legislation for which the people were clamoring. In the house the resolution was adopted without debate as soon as Mr. Underwood introduced it. There plans for the president's welcome took on a gala aspect. Members scrambled for the special tickets to the galleries which wer?- issued for tomorrow, the Occasion being looked forward to as an epochal event in the history of the administration. organization of both houses was partly concluded today, the senate having little o do but to mark time. Speaker <'lnrk was reelected over James R. Mann (Republican) and Victor Murdoch (Progressive) and other officers of tho house also were reelected. The Progressive strength was tested on the spcakorship, Mt. Murdoch receiving 18 votes. The new party, however, registered more votes later, when it attempted to prevent Representative Young from taking the oath of office, through a resolution in? troduced by Representative Hine haugh of Illinois. Democrats, led by Representative Fitzgerald, and Re publicans, marshalled by Mr. Mann. joined forces In sitting upon the new patty organization, the first recognis? ed third organized party in the house for 60 years, and Mr, Young was sworn in. A contest of his scat by W. J. McDonald, a Progreslve, is to be considered later by the elections com? mittee. The Progressives were not daunted by their first defeat and when Repre? sentative Henry of Texas brought in a res? lution for the adoption of the rules of the last congress, they were again up and fighting, carrying out the pledge of their ke ynote speech, deliv? ered by Representative Chandler of New York, that they proposed to light every inch of their ground for Pro? gressive principles and legislation. The) succeeded again In obtaining rec? ognition, but in the end the 1 >?. lAocrat i< rub s prevailed. The senate debated the concurrent resolution for a joint session tomor? row to hear President Wilson's mes? sage for nearly an hour. No senator ol the dosen who spoke on it opposed Its passage, but several an both sides expressed regret at the departure from the Jeffersonlan custom of Bend ing in written messages, Technical objection to Its adoption at today's Session except by unanimous consent Was made by Senator Stone, support? ed by Konntors laidgc and Smoot. Senator Williams made' the speech upholding the value of the Jefferson precedent and Renator Lodge was in? clined to ugree with bun. Vice Pres? ident Marshall practically ended tin debate b> ruling thai the resolution was of tin- highest privilege and there fore ?ubjeel tot action without unani motis consent at once Although bcv eial senators spoke iigaiusl the vlet president's ruling and lor a lew min utes an appe al seemed certain, it v\ at adopted without u dissenting vote, Henatoi |ta< on had a iked t bat thi resolution be adopted Senator I,ode said he was not opposed tu its pas sage, but reviewed Ihe history ol tb lprocedure in the days when Washing Inn und J??hn AduniH delivered their messages In person. He laid thut unleai the senate and house intended to conform with the custom of those days In making a return visit Lo the White House and delivering a reply in? Bsage In person. He said that only half observed. He cited author? ises who agreed that the personal de? livery of a message and the correct endeavor of congress to make suitable reply led only to delay of the public business. "1 for one very much regret that the president has chosen to take this course," said Senator Williams. "The old Federalist custom of making ?pee< hes from the throne when once disused fell by unanimous agreement, and it did so because the common sense underlying the idea of a writ? ten communication to congress was obvious and plain and ever so much more In accord with American insti? tutions. I hope for one that this will be the only Instance of the breach of the perfectly simple and republica'n method which Thomas Jefferson in? troduced, 1 had hoped that some president at some time might have the courage to do away with the inau? gural procession, tbat cheap and tin? sel imitation of B coronation. About all that does is to make a lot of peo? ple catch pneumonia, till the Wash? ington boarding houses and quicken trade, especially in the barrooms.' Senator Shafroth closed the argu? ment with the remark: "The presi? dent's coming here ought to produce harmony and not discord." Opening proceedings in the senate were perfunctory but in the house the legislative leaders were hailed with wild applause as they appeared and the galleries were crowded to over? flowing as the members more than a third of them new ones, were sworn in. Mr. Underwood and Speaker (Mark were given rousing ovations, in nominating Mr. Clark for speaker, Representative Palmer of Pennsyl? vania was cheered when he said: "I voice the common opinion of Demo? crats everywhere when I say that to his patriotic conduct of the speaker's office, was due. in no small part, the people's confidence In his party which led to our great victory last Novem? ber." ^ Thousands of bills were introduced in the house and scores in the senate. The Panama canal toll question reap? peared wdthin a few hours after the session convened when Senator Root reintroduced his bill of lasr session for a repeal of that provision of the new Panama canal act, which would per? mit American coastwise shipping to enjoy freedom from tolls. The meas? ure was referred to the committee now headed by Senator O'Gorman, ; who led the fight against the Hoot proposal in the last congress. It Is expected that the issue will be forced upon the attention cd' congress at an I early date. ??_???? ELECTION IN M AY KS V ILL E. Nominees of Primary Received Unani? mous Vole?Local Items Of Inter Mayesvllle, April 7.?The town elec? tion passed off very quietly today as usual, the nominees of the conven? tion being voted for by the small num? ber who took the trouble to go to the polls. The personnel of the new council is as follows: Dr. W. W. Gardner, intcnclant, and M. C. Mayes, W, S. Chandler, J. II. Purgcss, and W, B. Cooper, wardens. Poard of health: Dr. T. M. Davis, chairman and 8. C. Poxworth, C. 0. Griflin. R. J. Mayes, Sr. and F. J. Bass. M. C. Mayes has been clerk and treasurer for the past year, and also during previous administrations, and will undoubtedly retain tbis position au:? in. At a congregational meeting of the Presbyterian church yesterday, it was decided to invite Harmony Presby? tery to meet here in the fall. This body will convene in Bumter tomor? row for Its spring session. c. E. Mayes Is preparing to build a handsome residence on Fast La Payette street, opposite- the home of his brother, R. J. Mayes, Jr. This new home will add much to this al? ready attractive part of the town. There will probably be some build? ing In the business section during the coming summer that will improve that part of the town Very much. WILL MI> DAYTON. McAdoo Will Deposit $2,000,000 in Hanks Tltecr. Washington, April 7.?Secretary McAdoo of the treasury department Will deposit $2,000,000 in the national hunks at Dayton, Ohio, to relieve the money shortage resulting from the Hood, accepting government! state city or county bonds as security. This will be the first lime since 190H that the government has accepted as se? nility for deposits bonds other than I hose of t he I 'nitej States. Among the attorneys from other places in attendance upon court Tues das wen? Messrs W. A. Holman, of Charleston, M Rutledge Rivers, of Charleston, H J liest, Columbia; P. A Willcox, I I.te e. and It A I >e|l iiD, liUbopvllle, THE TARIFF BILL. DEMOCRATIC MEASURE is REAL REVISION DOWNWARD. House Leaders ami President Unite to Redeem Campaign Pledges of Dent* ocratlo Puny?Pood und Clottilng on Free List und Sweeping Reduc? tions on Many other Necessaries or Life. Washington, April 7.?Removal of all tariff from many articles of food and clothing; broad reductions in the rates of duty on all necessaries of life, an increase of tariff on many luxuries; and a new income tax that would touch the pocket of every American citizen whose net income ex? ceeds $4,000 are the striking features of the new Democratic tariff revision bill presented today to the house. Sugar would be free of duty in 1910, the bill proposing an immediate 25 per cent reduction and the removal of the remaining duty in 1916. Raw wool would be made free at once with a correspondingly heavy reduction in the tariff on all woolen goods. All these other articles are put on the free list, namely; Meats, flour, bread, boots and shoes, lumber, coal, harness, saddlery, iron ore, milk and cream, potatoes, salt, swine, corn, corn meal, cotton bagging, agricultural implements, leather, wood pulps, Bi bels, printing paper not worth more than 2 1-2 cents per pound, type? writers, sewing machines, typesetting machines, cash registers, steel rails, fence wire, cotton ties, nails, hoop and bar iron, fish, sulpl ur, <oda, tan? ning materials, acetic and sulphuric acids; borax, lumber products, in? cluding broom handles, clapboards, hubs for wheels, posts, laths, pickets, staves, shingles. i These principal items are taken ! from the fr??e list and taxed: Uncut diamonds and precious stones, furs, coal tar products, 10 per cent; volatile oils, 20 per cent; spices from 1 cent to cents per pound. Chairman Underwood of the ways and means committee in his state? ment accompanying the new tariff bill gave the following comparative table to show reduc.ons in tariff du? ties, made upon necessaries. In each item, both the present tariff and the proposed tariff had been reduced to an ad valorem basis: Present Proposed Articles: Law. Law. i Cream of tartar. 25.45 17.85 Medicinal preparations.59.05 - 31.11 Castor oil.33.19 15.00 Wash blue.23.59 15.00 Saltpetre. 9.27 6.87 Common soap.20.00 5.00 Saleratua or bicarbonate Of soda. 21.54 8.50 .>al soda, washing soda. 20.93 16.25 Borax, refined.21.22 1.31 Lime.9.17 5.00 China and crockery not decorated.55.00 35.00 Grindstones.9.21 8.33 Bicycles.45.00 25.00 Pocket knives.77.68 35.00 Pocket knives.- 55.00 Razors. 72.36 35.00 Razors.- 55.00 Scissors and shears. .. 5 3.77 30.00 Knives and forks .. ..41.98 27.00 Furniture. 35.00 15 00 Cattle.. ... 27.07 10.00 Macaroni, etc. 34.25 2:5.81 Rice cleaned. 54.05 33.S3 Eggs. 36.38 14.29 Stocks, etc., ol' fruit trees.04.44 27.58 Mineral waters. 4 3.56 30.00 Spool thread.22.95 15.00 Cotton cloth. 42.74 26.69 Cotton clothing. 50.00 30.00 Stockings, hose and half hose selvedged.. ..76.38 50.00 Men's and boy's cotton work gloves.S9.17 35.00 Knit shirts, drawers, etc., and underwear.?0.27 25.00 Collars and cuffs.. ..49.10 30.00 Blankets.72.69 26.00 Flannels.93.29 30.00 Clothing ready made, women's and chil? dren's dress goods. 99.70 33.00 Sewing silk.25.00 15.00 Wrapping paper.36.00 25.00 Books. 25.00 15.00 Brooms.4u.oo 16.00 Matches. 27.59 14.00 Harness and saddlery other than leather..36.00 20.00 India rubber, manufac? tures of.36.00 10.00 Lead pencils.39.00 26.00 The new rates are estimated to re iltit e the customs revenue approxi? mately 180,000,000 a year. This is exj ected to he made up by the income tax. Indorsed by President Wilson, the measure represents the efforts of the president and the house tariff makers to carry into effect Democratic pledges of downward revision and of conces? sions to the American consumer. Protection to tho farmer would be cut throughout by more than 60 per cent. In an effort to reduce the cost of food, Protection to the Steel and imple? ment manufacture! would in turn be cut by fully as wide a margin. Heaviest reductions full upon food* stuffs argricultursl prducts, wocjggj and cotton cloth. The free wool proposal backed by Pre sident Wilson and accepted by the j house committee, is expected to pro? voke a severe light within the Demo? cratic ranks of both houses. It had not become clear today whether the Democratic opponents Of tree wool land free sugar in the senate would be able to force a compromise on one or both Ihoee provisions. CAROLINIANS ON THE SCENE. All South C arolina Senators and Hep. reeentattea in Washington for the Extra Session, Washington. April 7.?When Vi< t President Marshall and Speaker Champ (Mark rapped their respective houses to order today all the mem? bers of the South Carolina delega? tion in congress were present and an sw? red to their names. There was of course no representative from the First district, where there is a va? cancy caused by the recent death of Congressman Legare. While the present session will be devoted largely to the tariff and prob? ably to currency legislation, there will be many minor matters developing from time to time to which the mem? bers of the Palmetto State delegation will give their attention. WILL NAME COMMITTEEMEN. Democrats Today Will Choose Ma? jority Members of Four Hodies to be Selected Now. Washington, April 7.?Majority members of four committees will be named by the house Democrats In caucus tomorrow. The chairmen recommended by the ways and means majority as the committee on com? mittees are: liules?Ro.bert L. Henry, Texas; accounts, James T. Lloyd, Missouri; mileage, Warren W. Bailey, Penn? sylvania; enrolled bills, John T. Whit acre, Ohio. The Republicans of these commit? tees have not been selected, but the Democrats include a liberal sprink? ling of new members. PARKER ATTACKS TARIFF BILL South Carolina Cotton Mill Man Says It is Poorly Constructed. Washingtor Paiker of Gi know cotton South reachet the annual meeting of the Southern Cotton Manufacturers* association, which begins here tomorrow. Asked what he thought of the tariff bill sub? mitted to congress today, Mr. Parker said: "It is poorly constructed, shows entire lack of care and preparation and is, in my Judgment, not at all sat? isfactory, as 1 see it, not only the cot? ton schedule but many others have been inadequately considered. The whole bill .s too drastic and in my opinion the reductions should have been more gradual." * TO RECEIVE COMMISSION. Wilson Will Give Audience to Mem? bers of Body Which Will Study European Finance. Washingtor, April 7.?Announce? ment was made here today that Pres? ident Walsen would receive the mem? bers of the commission going aboard to study rural credits in the East room of the Wrhite House on April 24. This will include only such members, however, as will he massing through Washington for New Vork, where the steamer on which they will sail will be taken. It is believed that between 50 and SO members will be present to meet the president. Senator Fletcher, chairman of the commission, and Dr. Owens, manag? ing director of the Southern Com? mercial congress, are enthusiastic con? cerning what they believe the com? mission will do while abroad. ORE PAYS TWO CENTS A TON. Government Experts Glee Oklahoma "Discovery" Black Eye. Washington, April 4.?"Gold ore," said to pay from $00 to $000 per ton. "discovered" n?ar Albion, Oklahoma, is said by experts of the geological survey, who made an examination, to actually pay two cents. Secretary Lane today referred the question to Postmaster General Bur les< i? ten inquiry as t?? whether the mads were being used improperly in connection with the "discovery." In view of the fact that a number of arsons have stated that they though that the rural policemen should prevent the plowing up of the public roads, it will be of interest to lh public te> know that they have had instructions te> this effect front the Count) Commissioners and have ar? rested and prosecuted s number of persons for violation of the statute prohibiting the plowing up of public : soda,