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MMMfc* d WeuneMlay und Saturday/. ?BY ? ?STEEN PUBLISHING COMPANY SI MTKK, g. C. Termii: fl.lt par annum?In advance. AdvertlaevneuUi: ?we Square first Insertion.$ 1 .OS Bvery subsequent Insertion.6* Contracts for three months, or langer will bs made st reduced ratts. All communications which sub serve private interes's will be charged ?er as advertiaemenia. Obituaries and tributes of rsspoct will be charged for. Che Sumter Watchman was found? ed in 1*50 and the True Soutrron In lift The Watchman and Southron now ha* the combined circulation and t*A-<eae?c? cf both of the old papers. ?xsmB v manifsatly tha beat advertising sandten? In Sumter. * The " Sumter Plan" of city govern? ment is destined to attract as much attention and become as famous as lh? Oalveaton or DesMolnes plans. And this has an advertising value that W hard to estimate. see The three men who constitute the sity gnsnjng of Sumter for the next six yeiira will become known from one end of America to the other?favor? ably It the demonstration that business methods can he auccessfully applied to the government of a town of 10. ?Oo population, otherwise if the sys :**an should not measure up to ex nectations. The plan is theoretically correct and the system Is designed for efficiency?It all depends upon the men in control. see We regret that lack of space and the press of other news matters nmkea It impoaatble to print In full :hw testimony taken in Charleston by the legislative Investigating commit? tee In the matter of the graft and blind tiger charges made by Mayor Grace. The testimony of a number at blind tiger dealers establishes be? yond doubt that they have been pay? ing stated, auma each month for pro? tection i tad that so l >ng as they paid reg ilanly they were not raided, ex oejgtf/as a matter of form, their places were not searched and their Stocka >wt BgjneS wrr r d stlnmd ? ? ? blind flfr ??(>r.' th>. . h*? paid s? nf ?f t i get* th natsdtanenjAi el r?*-.**t direct? ly ig Conatabl Mothari bui the ma sonty isuiu inns m. regularly collected by the wholesale liquor dealers, who framed up the gntft protection with the authorities. Twv. of the constable:* swore that they 'tot permitted to ggjgg the liquor Of, the* wholesalers, even when they saw K k*dng hauled through the *tceets >n*jf arfter lay. Conditions are certainly in a mess) and the fact that Mind tiaeViam in rampant In Char? leston haa been established by the sworn teatlmony of the tigers them selvt*. aieo the fact that Mayor Grace rnri ingnlxant of the fact since long rVf.?re his election; and also that Qov. I.lease knew what was going on and that he was on Intimate t. rms ?m.trt the tigers. Whole* |g li'iu<?r deal? er* who furnished ihe tigers with Vieaor. ?oll.-ct.-d th. wraft money and gggnnnjad lag then pr. let lloa and that Of* e..4t.iin. ?1 the crafting constables, gnor iJr <? h \ i m de mit a black Jane w v nnt ? harlenton. the con tta> < - m l. s ile liquor de ilers. agers. nailsn himsetl tad Gov, idea-, ana We .or*' not aequ tinted with the de? nt IM of th.. petition f the Hank of Burnt* i that CRg Coonetl grant the bank the right |g us-- BWVOffnl inchea at th*- sMawnlt < itv property ?In lb* erection of the new hank build Wtg. ggM ggVeral tin n-s to used a?to ifently by the hank. hut. on re>? face of the matter, it is our ophV k>n tha? UM majority Oi enejnjt il In grantina Met request has eetanltalied a nay] snissjofoejg peseedent. it is an alienation of city prop.-rtv ffef pri? vate use. and th*- next request may oe for several feet, il *te id of inches. ?l?d th* reasons in support of the aexl requenl may be as strong and siell founded aa th?.e?? given In sup? port of th.. report .f th.- Bank of ^uiot? r a a a <iov. I'deane had Otts gealottS frbnd at th.- iM d?op\in?, meeting. Pollee? Sias .i.trwlck. who vaulted on tto aland and laid hll band on JttdgS Jones' arm. I*nt was Informed by Chairman Maker that his SSPVlCei eer?? n ?t needed or wanted. Is the Sjsjng I: M. Itarwb k. Who killed a ne? in? at Mn? wood sonn N. ars ago. was >r??Ml and convicted and subsequent? ly pardon* d h\ ??o\ Chase. ? hie can a*v*r t II when a pardon will come n handy. Sanford Sanders. ? OtOfed who gews on in.- sHnlehnrg fond og Mr. II, 2 ii.fts - pines broosjtit In from his farm ltd* nooning the BeCO?d COttOg Moo n i <f en ?1 thi It.m ollbe Oil* sjnentv FARMERS' j UNION^NEWS Prwoelcal Thoughts for Practical (Conducted by E. W. Dabb?. Pres? ident 6- G barui*m Unlos.) Some llnmlom Thought*. Last Wednesday it was my good fortUBl to moot with the Clarendon County I'nlon at <?ak Grove school house between Davis Station and Suminerton. All the way from home then- were signs of frost on the cot? ton and one farmer told me he ac? tually saw the frost Sunday morning, the 9th. The greater part of the crop, both corn and cotton, from Salem. Black Hiver. to Brogdon Sta? tion and on through Manning. Davis Station and hack by the Stmmerton road, are backward and grassy. Thous? ands of acres that made tine crops last year are so wet that corn and cotton look yellow and it is a ques? tion, if the yield . mounts to much even, if the soil should dry out, and this would mean a disastrous drought on the well drained lands. I $ I It had been twenty-five years and more since the w aiter was in the Manning-Summefton section. and this was the first trip through from Manning to Davis Station and back. Some of the finest farming country In the State is to be found down there. It was my first sight of the famous Jake Mcl.eod farm near Manning, and the Subiett farm near Summer ton. There are others equally as good, but these seem to have cap? tured the public eye. OOS The Farmers' l"nb?n in Clarendon is composed of a small band of the fuithful, and they are doing good work for their county. The Board of Trade of Manning Is also thorough? ly alive to the need of building up the back country?the farms. That there may be ever closer relations between the two was part of my mis? sion. Just as every business man of a town should be in his hoard of trade, or chamber of commerce, so should every farmer be in the Far? mers' Cnion. ?e?.tag ??>r tlie oomrti i hi 1 air.- r..' ',, . i WOl defined poll ?' "i IIMU'kotiogi HSti <??..., ktulli the products of the farm, it will he seen In a few years that the southern growers of cotton and the southern banks can and will finance the cot? ton crop. In accordance with the call pub? lished elsewhere there was held In Sumter on Friday g most satisfac? tory conference between the Farmers" I'nlon and the bankers of the county. As a result of this conference ample funds will be provided at 6 per cent t" < arry from October 1st to \lav 1st. enough eotton in the Sumter terri? tory to make effective a sy?tem of gradual marketing. The banks here though cannot be expected to carry COlton for other markets and the stomefi of oilier banka And the rail of the President of the State I'nion Is intended to secure m every County in the State a unif? rm and hearty co-operation between the far? mers and the l inks in tie various counties. Lot there be a friendly dry among the counties as to which oan shoo the beet reaulta The circulation of money In South Carolina today U at bast $10,000,000 1- SJ than it Would ha\e been if the tu.liter had boon taken hold of last l in time ami had bein made ef? fective all OVor the cotton belt as we hope will i,,. done this season. At bust on,- million bales of last year's Mouth Carolina crop of one million u\x hundred thousand. was sold at a price of .it least two cents per pound loss than it should have brought, This means that on in average in the t" principal cotton counties of state the people suffered s lose oi two hun? dred ami fifty thousand dollari to the counts-. We w i>>h our farmers and beakeri would analyae this statement carefully. It Is correct and we think it is. they will tie bound to lee that thl? worth working ami planning f..r. The committee ,?f the Farmern' I'nion in a statement to the press 'ommcmhd tin cordial relations that exist in Sumter between farmers ami honkers fostered by both the union ind 'he chamber of Commerce) to the emulation of every county in the cotton States When this Spirit pic vaiis. and we hav> rid ourselves ot the idea that Cure is ;, n t a gon ism. vv e win i|ult working at >i<><-i purposes; then, und re>t until then. will vv reu II) < nme into our on n. Tin committee am assured that the warehouse fuctlltlei will be doubled by time lo begin ntorlng cotton ami urge our farmeis i.. inak< use of them. They also urge better handling of cotton In every way. The state President has com? municated With all the COttOn States Presidents and the Chamber <?f Com? merce ind Boardl of Trade, urging them t"? join us in a concerted move? ment having for its purpoae the unit? ing of the growing, financing and marketing Interests of the South tor our mutual benefit, Utopian dream? maybe so. But we must either do it. or be left be? hind in the march of the world's progri ss. To All County Presidents Farmers I'nion. Brethren: Please appoint or have your union appoint three oi your host men. a Committee, to meet the presi? dents of the bankl in your county in a joint conferent e. and endeavor to reach a Working agreement as to how this cotton crop Shall be marketed. Have this committee report to the state committee on "Cotton Market? ing ami Banking" Immediately upon the assembling Of tlie State I'nlon in Columbia. July 84 at o p. m. Marion and Sumter Counties have already appointed such committees, if there is a chamber of Commerce in your county, get it to a t with you, for this i< a matter that vitally con? cerns every occupation. I am making a similar request of all the State Presidents in the eotto'i belt, that we may adopt a uniform plan in time to make it effective. Ifouri fraternally. (Signedi B. W. DABB8, State President. In accordance with the above call the committee of the Farmers' I'nion and the banks of Sumter held a most satisfactory conference today. Ample funds will be provided at t> per cent to Carry from October first to May It'St enough cotton to make effective a sys? tem (?f gradual marketing. The Ware? house Company reported the most satisfactory business since its organ? ization, and will double its capacity; all COtton accepted for storage will be graded. Since last September it hax been ready to merge with a State of Xational system. The committee urges tin- farmers to USS these facilities we have been Instrumental in securing, to use better bagging, and to require better bal? ing, to pick and handle cotton dry, and by proper storing to prevent coun prodUCt ??f this State." See Gen. Stat. S. C. 1 78 9. The committee desires to commend the "ordial relations existing between the farmers and bankers of Sumter. fostered by the Farmers' Union and the Chamber of Commerce, to the emulation of all the counties in the State, ami to promote tills end. we are giving to the press the result of our confer* CS without waiting for the State meeting. I ly the committee: J. Frank Williams. County President. J. m. Brogdon. County Business Agent. p. p.. Belser, E. w. I ?abbs, E, w. Dabbs, statt- Prestd. and Chairman. Kdltor of American AgrieiilturaL-t Writes Interesting Letter to K. w. linhhs, President of state Farmer*' I'nlon, In 1889 the American Agricultur? ist offered a prise of $500 for the largest yield of corn from one acre. The South Carolina department of agriculture a. p. Butler, commis? sioner, oft, red an additional $600 if it was grown in this State. Your older render* are familiar with the rlvalrlen of that great corn year in South Carolina when for a second time this State- won the champion? ship of the world in coin yield per acre. I had hoped that Charles W. Pur? ls, tt. the editor of this great journal which Iii now devoting so much space to farm finance ami marketing, could com,- to the state meeting ot the Kariners' union In July and make a public addresa on this subject. Iiis h tt<r is so suggestive of the poslbil |t|os of tie- subject ami shows .-tub genuine regret .it his Inability to come that I fe,| sure your readers will ap? preciate' its publication. I will try to ge t Mr. Burkef for next fair week or some institute this Slimmer, P. W. Dabhs, President Bouth Carolina Btate Farm? ers' I'nion. .Mav , SV ll!e-. .1 Utie I 8, Following is Mr, llorkctt's letter, which Mi. habbs request a published: "i i in't tell you how mm h I regret that 11 Is going to be inipoalhle foi me- to be with you ? t your annual meeting at Columbia. Julv 21 -'?? Nothing wan id giv' me greater pleas? ure than t' > me et with i1 - members of the U II i e ? 11 at this titne . I tl c I I matte in address on 'Farm Finance and Marketing;.' Both of these are subjects that are of the utmost Im? portance to American farming today, and they are particularly vital to Southern farming. ?>ur Investigations show that the farmer secures less than :;."> cents on the dollar f??r what be raised in the aggregate. He is foiled to buy In Q retail market to ?ell in a wholesale market and to use a 100-cent dollar to pay lor what he buys and to receive 'ait :;."? cents on the dollar tor what lie sells, "By a system of credit assoc iations and co-operative banking enterprises aa they have in Germany, for instance, it would be possible for the tanner to build up his farming enterprises, to organise his farm industries and to obtain money on long time loans .at a low rate of interest. I lind that many farmers in Germany pay from 3 1-2 to 4 l-i per cent for loans, and if they pay on long loans they can re? tire the principal and carry the inter? est through a period of about 70 years which removes the debt. Think what that would mean in the South. It means actually that by paying a rate of interest less now than the aver? age Southern farmer pays he can not only pay the annual interest for a long time loan, but in that 5 per cent less. the debt would be wiped out in the course of time. "I am confident that our rural banks already established will find that ?(?-operative banking will not hurt them, but of course I know that our large banking institutions in the large cities of the North will do everything on earth they can to pre? vent this, is order that the money de? posited by wage earners, farmers and people in small towns may drift into New York and other big cities for use on the stock exchange. I am so filled up with this and satisfied in my own mind to such an extent that this id one of the coming things and one of th*' most beneficial needs to this country that 1 am willing to make al? most any personal sacrifice that the merits of this matter may be under? stood. It just happens though that at this season 1 am completely filled up with engagements so that 1 can not get away long enough to make this trip. "If at some future time you would like to have me speak on this or some other subject with which I am acquainted, I Will endeavor to make all other engagements conform to this. 1 want you to know that it is only a case ol impossibility that pre ? ? .>,.. from coining down this . V I I get back even n it >*< toi <? shori . only. Burglars Aid Collections. "Being a moral member of the com? munity, naturally I deplore burglar ?es." said the church treasurer. "If I studied the welfare of the church alone I should encourage them, for next to the burglars themselves, the people who profit most from an epi? demic of small robberies are the :hurches. "With peace and safety reigning in a neighborhood, householders leave nost of their money at home when :hey go to church, consequently they ttntribute in driblets, but Just let that lame locality become infested with burglars and everybody takes his money to church and increases his ;ontributions proportionately." Aerial Gun Practice. Aerial gun practice is not confined, on our battleships, to one and three pounders. The Springfield rifle, the bullet of which hurled at sn angle of 5 degrees elevation, reaches a height of 6,800 feet. Is such an effective piece hat It will afford no inconsiderable defense against any aeroplane which would attempt to execute feats of bomb dropping. Miss Kate Mos.s and Miss Lydia Richardson have gone to Charlottes ville. Va.. to take a course at the summer school in the University of Virginia. \\e have just received another car of horses asd mules. We have two or three extra broke, combined saddle and harness horses, gentle for fam? ily use. ? ?ne nice size pony. If you are in need of a horse or a e,o??d mule, come ami see us. as this is probably our last load for the season. Boyle l.i\ e Stock < 'o. \\ r. IIAVl?.lust received another car of horses and mtiles. We have two ..t three extra broke, combin? ed saddle and harness horses, gen? tle lor family use. One nice size poll) . 11 you ai t- in m ed of a horse or a good nude, come .'ml see us as (Ills is pfobtUy our last for the season. Boyle Live Stock WWTI.B?To -. il eighteen Ions of high grade fertilizer at a bargain, cash "i on time. <Nppl> In lt. H. Blngham, S111111? i K, I\ I'olt KAM-!? hi quart ? on fresh In milk. Appl> to .?. B K> in, Wedge li. Id, S. ?' IN8URAXGE AGENTS HEARD. X umber of Citizens Present at Meet? ing to Discuss Prevention of i-'i ?. Quite a number of the citizen* of Bumter Interested In the public wel? fare, were present Wednesday after noon In the Chamber of Commerce Hal] when the meeting to discuss measures for the prevention of fires was . ail, ,! 1.? order and the discussion entered into. The people generally seemed interested itl tin- matter and anxious to hear what to do t?. prevent fires and what to do in order to re? duce their Insurance rates. The meeting was presided ,,\er by Mr. Hey ward. the president of the South Carolina Fire Prevention As? sociation, who made a short talk tell? ing his audience that the association was formed primarily by insurance agents interested in the prevention of fires, hut that it was 'pen for mem? bers from any profession or business Interested in the prevention of fire.-. He explained that the association had nothing at all to do with the making of rates, being in no way connected with the Southeastern Underwriters Association, It did inspect towns and make reports on their conditions, however, with a view of lessening the fire risks. This was not done wholly from a selfish motive, even if the in? surance companies did save when there were fewa-r fires, but for the purpose of helping the people gen? erally as it was realised by the agents that the people in one town might have few t!tv<, but at the same time they would have to help pay for the fires in another town, unless the movement to prevent fires was genet al. This meeting was called for the purpose of stressing the importance of lessening the tire risks as far as possible and when this was done, in time the rate would be reduced. He thought that everybody ought to be Interested iu something so important and named, as an example, the case of the cotton mills. He said that twenty years ago these mills paid 3 and a half per cent premiums and the insurance companies would not take the risks on them. They tinited and installed fire preventive measures and did everything possible to les? sen their fire risks and were not pay? ing 12 cents per hundred. Every fire formerly meant the practical ruin of the mill as it could not fulfill its con? tracts when it was destroyed and put >t in a worse position than a new insui?Ii? c p?, ... He pointed out the fact that every year the fire loss in this country was sufficient to build a street, such as that In Sumter. from New York to Chicago, and that the fire loss in this country was five times as great as it was in European countries. He mentioned the fact that in his it spections of the day he had come across in a pressing club a basin of gasoline only a few feet distant from a stove on which irons were being heated, when gasoline gas was five times as strong an explosive as dynamite. He stated that insurance companies did not like to insure churches because of the ?langer of loss and that very few school houses had the proper protection against fire and measures to prevent the loss of life. People had been talking for a long time about conserving our natural resources, he thought it was now time to conserve some of our manufac tur? ed resources, People had been talk? ing about Individual liberty, they OUght also to consider collective lib? erty, referring to the fact that < as person's property was often in great danger of fire because of bis neigh? bor did nol take measure.- to prevent fires. It was almost impossible In this State to get a conviction for arson, as the penalt) was death, he said. Mr. O'Donnell stated that it would be a good idea for these Inspectors to tell ?ach property holder what ex? actly was b Are risk on his premises, and that he would hav?- steps taken to remove the danger of Are In order to reduce his insurance rate, it was pointed out that this association had nothing ;<t ?II to do with the making of the rates. Mr. It. s. Hood stated thai he had a live- committee at work drawing up a building cod.- of laws and ordin? ances for the prevention of fires which Would be set before council In a few weeks, it would then be up to coun? cil to accept or rcjeel this code whb h would provide the necessary measures for lessening the tire risks In Bumter Mr. I ley ward stated that a report cd' their inspection would be sent to local agents ami thai property owner* eould gel from them whal bad been found as risks viivi- Marion Satterwhlte his gone In lloi k Hill '?? .ctteiid the Winthrop State tchool for le o hers. Others to go to this school ii? Misses Grace Han? dle, Celeste llughson, Rvelyn Kraser and Lena Jennings. Morringe License Record* N r. \V. \V. Atkinson and Mist Mi mle Martin secured a marraiage li? cense Monday, i Candidates' Cards. i) Announoemi nts of candidates will : e printed in tins column until ine > Iums ul th? rumpaign for Ii. No ? ards accepted ?n credit. For Sherig. t'apt. E. S. Carson is hereby an? nounced as a candidate lor Sheriff at the ensuing election, having before discharged the duties of that office with promptness and edkiency. we take pleasure in recommending hkn for said office, subject to the rules of the Democratic primary. MANY VOTERS. I hereby ?fter myself as a candidate for the office of Sheriff of Sumter County, subject to the rules of the Democratic party. J. K. BRADFORD. I hereby announce myself a can? didate for the office of She.'iff of Sumter County, subject to the rules governing Democratic primaries. W. EL SEALE. Capt. G?o. C. Warren is hereby announced as a candidate for the of? fice of Sheriff of Sumter county, sub? ject to the rules of the Democratic primary. VOTERS. For Coroner. I hereaby announce that I am a candidate for the office of Coroner of Sumter County, subject to the action of the Democratic primary. D. W. OWENS. For House of Repre**enta tires. I am a candidate for re-election to the House of Representatives subject to the rules of the Democratic Pri? mary. R. B. BELSER. I hereby announce myself a candi? date for the House of Representatives from Sumter County, pledging myself to abide by the result of the Bemo cratic Primary. t-? y> w^ , t . M. 1 w|g t hi hereby unani Imousl) nominated bj i andldato lot jibe llouso of Ilc^reeento'i?c*r subject Id the rules gOV??*?Oing tut? x i unary. We bespeak for him the suffrage of his fellow countrymen. The Wedgefield Democratic Club. For Superrisor. I hereby announce myself a cand date for the office of Supervisor of Sumter County, subject to the rules of the Democratic Primary. L. E. WHITE. I hereby announce myself a can? didate for re-election to the office of Supervisor of Sumter County, subject to the rules of the Democratic pri? mary. P. M. PITTS. For Clerk of Court. 1 hereby announce myself a candi? date for re-election to the office of Clerk of Court for Sumter County, subject to the rules of the Demo? cratic party. L. T. PARROTT. The name of H. L. Scarborough kS presented as a candidate for Clerk of Court for Sumter County In the com? ing Democratic primary election. I hereby announce myself a candi? date for Clerk of Court of Sumter county, subject to the action of the Democratic primary. JOHN R. SUMTER. For Solicitor. I announce myself a candidate for the office of Solicitor for the Third Judicial Circuit, subject to the rules of the Democratic Primary. THOS. IT. TATUM. I hereby announce myself a can? didate for re-election to the office of Solicitor of the Third Judicial Circuit, subject to the rules of the Democratic Frlmary. PHILIP H. STOL.L. Pop Foiled State* Senate I hereby announce myself a candi? date for the Cnlted States Senate. subject to the rub s of the Democratic party. Your support and intluen 8 \\ ill be appreciated. \ . B. Dl AT. !<aurcn*. s. c. For fottgro**. 1 hereby announce myself as i can didate for the nomination for Con mass from the Seventh Congreeslon :ii District of South Carolina. iub i.. t i.. the rule- . { the Democrat!'