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C|t iWatcjjman an) ^outbron. r*nhekah?d Wednesday and Saturday. ?BY? OSTCEN PUBLISHING COMPANY SUMTER, & C. Tanas: 11.10 par annum?In advance. Advert Mimosa la: Oa? Square Ant Insertion..11. >* ?very subsequent Inaartion.It Com?^ts tor three months, or kxngar wir be made at reduced rates. All cwmmuhl'tatlona which sub? serve private Interests will be charged tar aa advertisements. Obituartee and tributes of raspect ?rill be charged for. The Sumter Watchman was found? ed) la latt and Ust True Southron In lttt The Watchman and Southron ee>w has Um combined circulation and toluenes cf beta ef the old papers, aad la saaatfeeily the beet advertising saedlem In Sumter. The proposal to levy a special tax en automobile? for road improve? ment did not develop much popu? larity In the legislature, although aome of the auto owning lawmakers advocated It ? e ? If the application of city council li granted and one of the guns from the battleship Maine placed on the peat office grounds, the youth of Sumter of future generations will nave no difficult* in ' remembering the Maine." The request for this relic from the historic warship which was med? by city council on the sugges? tion of Post matt er 8hore will have the endorsement of a majority of the slttiaam \ ? ? ? The Chamber of Commerce has done good work for Sumter during the peat year and. while results are alrea ;y apparent the cumulative ef? fort n of the orsjinlaattoi will he more and more eftec lve as time passes. The fact Is. the work of the past few months haa be?n merely laying a good foundation) for neat year and ether years that are to follow. But must be borne In mind that If hat haa already been dons la to ?ant for Its full worth the campaign ust be preeeed vigorously and ays matleally and the Chamber of ?mmeree which la now well organ ?d aad efficient should have the loy enthuelastic and substantial sup ?rt of the citIsens of the town. The amber of commerce Is cf Sumter and r Sumter. but the measure of lte cceeg and usefulness In the eup rt given It In time. etTort and rnon ? by the men of Sumter. The an? al meeting of the organisation Is ar at hand, and If we are to make a***.* grow next year by the fuller Ihmtlon of our opportunities an! * development of natural resources the Chamber of Commerce must be made larger and stronger. It should have e larger membership and a greater Income, and If all the men In Sam tar whe are benefited by the work of the organtaitlon will become ac? tive members and contribute in pro? portion to their means, progress and prosperity are assured. ? ? ? If the managers of President Tap's campaign ar > really In eimeit about eliminating the negro from lit - publican politics In South Carolina, what Is the uee In trying to maintain a O. <>. P. organisation In this -itate? If there le a Republican party In this State the negroes are It. and' If they ?re good enough to be the party they are certainly good enough to have representation In the national conven? tion. The negro Is certainly In a bad ease nvdltlctatly?the Democrats wont have him at all and Republicans srsnt him only to use him. ? ? ? The shoe factory be ug assured, the next thing to go sfter Is a canning facto-y. The output Is always In de? mand and the farmer* of Sumter countv ( an furnish all the raw mater? ial. A canning factory Is not only a profitable enterprise, but will do more to promote diversified farming than #o\ .'her one tMnsj thai ran Imag? ined ^umter Im ??pend ng thousands ef I/tltsrs annually for canned vege? table* ami fmit that ? ? uld l?e grown and canned here at a profit. People In other States now get the profit that belongs to us. Hl M l I It IllsiM ss I \H.M)I\(J, I I*. I nkliu? \ulo S|*i lall? < ompany litte Ilm nett In M. IrftuH. rh ? ft.II?.wing note , taken from the St l?ouls Times of Saturday will be of Stierest to Sumte:* people. Mr. Ryan was in ?bimtt-r f<T several m n?hs and hi* friends wish the concern success under his manage? ment "A n?'W Htitom"tdle supply house the National Motor (looda Company, has taken a long lense on the build Ing. StftS Olive ttreet. It Is a m in i factoring and lobbing l-raro h hou*?* of llsi Jenkhsi \ianufa? taring Com? pany of Sumter. s. C. T. J. K\an is h. i from ib.> faetofy and still be Ins manager. I K.HI HELD ON CHARGES. Twu Negro** Hold for Rioting?Three for Selling Liquor ami Three for Carrying Concealed Wo*|M>ns. As a result of the trials In the Magistrate's Court Saturday seven ne? groes were bound over to the term of general sessions court which con? venes here June 24th. Two of the ne? groes are charged with rioting, three ?vitn selling liquor and three with carrying concealed weapons. The preliminary was held in lie grand Jury room of tho court house and there were a large ?.umher of ne? groes interested in the proceeding present when the case was called. There were also a number of spec? tators present, persons who had be? come int- ..-sied In the proceedings through hearing of the riot. The ne? groes hell for trial at the court of general sessions are: for rioting, Dave Phillips and Paul Slnkler, who plead guilty to shooting their pistols; for unlawful sale of liquor, Pinckney Pitts, Thomas Haynsworth and Har ry Sanders; for carrying ccrrto??.'?ed weapons, Dave Phillips. Paul Slnkler and Hill Richardson. Phillips and Slnkler admitted having pistols with them at the hearing and Richardson admitted that he was carrying a razor a* the time that the shooting went on From the evidence adduced at the hearing It seems that there was a good deal of whiskey circulating at the hot supper which was held on the night of February first at the house of one Tucker Oary. It seems that during the dancing which was a large part of the evening's entertain? ment, a negro walked across the floor at a time the dance was going on. The leader of the dance expostulated and was answered back and the melee commenced. After the parties concerned had fired almost a hundred shots into the house, the melee qulted down for a while, but started up again later on at Morris Holland's house, which was about a hundred yards off. Quite a number of shots were also fired into this house. As usual the negroes at the hearing were very loath to In? criminate each other and all of those called upon to testify stated that they did not know anything about the riot except that they had heard the shots fired. The evidence concerning the tale of liquor aeemed to be more con? vincing, jne of the negroes admitting that bs had been hired to sell whisk? ey during the evening and other wit? nesses coming out plainly in stating that they had bought whiskey from the other two negroes held on the charge of selling. Pinckney Pitts admitted selling the whiskey, but did not know anything about the shooting except that he had looked out of the door and Dave Phillips had shot him in the eye. John Chavine stated that he had been hit on the head by Morris Hol? land, when he went Into Holland's vard. Holland stated that he had gone home and got his gun, but did not have any shells. He said that he had knocked Chavine down when he had come Into his yard cursing and would not leave when warned to do so. Dave Phillips and Paul Slnkler both stated that someone had shot at them and 'hey had simply returned the dre. They did not know who It was shooting at them. James Har vln said he had picked up a razor in th I yard as ho was leaving and had carried It on home with him. The other witnesses testified to practically the same things. The hearing ended with those named above being bound over for the higher court. Magistrate Wells stated that he did not have Jurisdiction over those par? ties who were charged with carrying concealed weapons, so the prelimi? naries in their cases were heard by Magistrate John F. Ingram. The ball for the rioters was fixed at $400 each, while for carrying concealed weapons and sale of whiskey it was fixed at 1200 each. 1/ >m Money Fojiid. Mr. l\ J. Oalllard of l>al/.ell was In the city Friday. Whil ? hen- he stated that he hud been gblf to le? rnte the person who had found a package ??f money he dropped sev? er ?I weeks ago while ret" ruing from Snrnter to Dal/ell. The package wan dropped In the road late at nigh and Tsappearrd before the morning a hen Yr. Halliard went |Q l?>"k for it. He h is heen on the lookout ever since, howeveri end this week secured tv4? deine wh'.-h I'd to the :u rest of a ? Ki ? who r.mfeSMed to lilldltlg the in.ui? v. Part of the money v\as se otared gad 11m ncgiu was released up* <>n promtm t<> pay bgek the money In the full. V. M. C. V I ?omltoric lO Open. Tre v. M. c a. dormitory rooms will bs rejidy for OCCUpanc) about v i. h 1. All \ dim! men desiring t-. I. hi rooms should se? don, Secretary Rtrohnrd or J. a. MeKnlsTht and ?l>vcn application blnnk, There are a largo number of applicants and this should he attended to j|t one.. FARMERS' UNION NEWS Practical Thought* for Practical Farmer*. (Conducted by E. W. Dabbs, Pres? ident U. C, Farmers Union.) Some Hand mi Thoughts. The hill printed below known as tiie Webb-( alloway 1 >i 11 was drawn by officers of the National Farmers' Union. A. C. Davis, of Arkansas, Sec? retary and Treasurer, and T. J. Brooks of Tennessee. It shows that others besides the South Carolina Farmers' Union are studying the mat? ter of markets. That these studies are not to be confined to this coun? ty; and that the results of these studios are to be reported "to farm? ers' organizations and societies of consumers'' by dally bulletins or tel? egraphic reports. Such information and statistics as will enable them to adopt plans of marketing that will facilitate the handling of farm pro? ducts at the minimum of cost" Is j shown by this quotation from the bill. The readers of this page who may have been inclined to think that I have made too much of the market? ing of our farm produce, will see that others are waking up to the immense losses to both producers and con? sumers by the lack of system in the distribution of our crops after we have grown them. This lack of a system by which the farmer can con? veniently place his crops on the mar? ket is responsible for his disinclina? tion to engage in that kind of farm? ing which many a farmer knows, as any government expert can tell him, is the only kind that makes for the increased fertility of his farm, and a permaner t prosperity. see It was very refreshing to hear Mr. Long tell a Charleston audience that the present system is in the Interest of the fertilizer factories, and that unless our methods are radically changed there will be a famine In a few years. Why do not the lessons of the experts bear more fruit? Be? cause men have seen how hard it is to sell food crops whenever there Is any abudance of them made in our section. With this bill in congress, and the attention of Mr. Wilson drawn to the subject as I showed by an in? terview with him In our last issue, and with the way I have presented this subject to the Boys* Corn Club organizers, and will continue to call attention to It whenever occasion ar? ises. I firmly believe that not anoth? er season will roll around before such agencies are established all over our country- And I long to see Sumter take the lead in a practical produce exchange as it has taken the lead in calling attention to the need of one. t e s One of the enlightening sights in Charleston last week was the unload? ing of several carloads of hay from the hold of the Philadelphia steamer. Ths agent on the deck told me that the weekly shipments run from 5 to 10 carloads. This hay is grown in Canada, shipped by rail to Philadelphia, then by water to Char? leston It costs, laid down in Char? leston. $28 to $30 the ton. 1 made particular inquiry as to whether it was all consumed In Charleston and was told "no." that quantities of It I was shipped to the interior of the State. At St. George 1 was told that there was plenty of good peavlne hay in that section but $15 the ton was all they could get for it. A gentle? man who boarded the train at Orange burg told me that this Northern hay (he did not know that It came all the way from Canada) Is costing $81 the ton in that market. In Su.ni? ter it is costing $81 to $32 and selling at $88 a ton In small lots, while pea vine Is selling for $20. see In Charleston and Columbia fresh eggs were selling last week for 50 cents per- dozen. How many in the interior when 80 to 86 cents were the prices pald? shipped to either City for the additional 15 or 20 cents? I But these remarks have boome too random. B. w. i?. set In The House of lb 'prosoiitnt l\ OS. January M, It It. Mr. \Vebi> Introduced the follow? ing bill; which was referred to the Committee on int. restate and Foreign Commerce and ordered to bo printed, V BILL To RatabHall In the Department of Commerce and Labe a Bureau of Markets. Be it enact. ,| by the Senate and Mouse ..f Representatives of the Uni? ted States of America in Congress assembled i That there shall be in t he I )ep irl - i tent of Commerce and l^nbor n bu renn p> be known as the ntireau of Markets, and a director who hall be the head of raid bureau, to be ap pointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent "f the Senat ". and who shall receive a salary of live tnoikft id dollars per annum. There shall also be In said bureau an assistant director, who shall receive a salary of three thousand dollars pea annum, and who shall, in the ab? sence of the director, act as and per? form the duties of the Director of the Bureau of Markets, and who shall als?? perform such other duties as may be assigned to hlrn by the Sec? retary of Commerce and Labor or by the said director of the bureau. There shall also be In said bureau a chief clerk and such special agents, clerks, and other employees as may be authorized by law. Sec. 2. That the said director shall have power and authority to make, under the direction of the Sec? retary of Commerce and Labor, in? vestigation as to the system of mar? keting farm products, co-operative or otherwise, in practice in various sec? tions of the United States and in for? eign countries, and shall collect data In reference thereto. The informa? tion and data thus collected shall be distributed throughout the various agricultural sections of the country and made available for the use of anjr Individual or organization by the cir? culation of printed daily bulletins or by telegrams. It shall also be the duty of the said Director of the Bu? reau of Markets to make, under the direction of the Secretary of Com? merce and Labor, Investigation of de? mands for farm products In various trade centers, and the current move? ment of such producta giving specllic data aa to the supply, normal de? mand, and price thereof with the view of furnishing information as to the best available markets, which in? formation shall be distributed under the direction of the Secretary of Com? merce and Labor. Sec. 3. That it shall be the duty of the director of markets to collect. 1 y any expeditious method, by tele? graph, telephone, mail, or otherwise, compile, and report to farmers' or? ganizations and societies of consum? ers daily bulletins or telegraphic re? ports such information and statistics a? will enable them to adopt plans of marketing that will facilitate the handling of farm products at the minimum of cost: Provided, That when such reports or statistics are re? quested to be furnished by telegraph or telephone, or methods other than by the United States mail, the person < r association making such request must deposit fee for the cost of trans? mission. It shall be the duty of the director of markets, through the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, to make an annual report to Congress with any recommendations that may enable Congress to enact any ad? ditional necessary legislation. Sec. 4. That the Secretary of Com? merce and Labor shall make all nec? essary arrangements for offices and supplies for use of said Bureau of Markets. The compensation of clerks and employees, not otherwise speci? fically provided for in this Act, shall be fixed by the Director of said Bu? reau of Markets, subject to approval by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. Sec. 5. That It shall be unlawful for any officer or employee of the Bu? reau of Markets to engage in buying or sell'ng. directly or indirectly, in person or through agents, any farm product or using any Information gained by virtue of his position for speculative purposes in his own be? half. Any person who shall be guilty of violating this section shall, upon conviction thereof, be fined in any sum not more than one thousand dol? lars nor less than one hundred dol? lars or shall bo imprisoned for not more than six months nor less than one month, or by both such fine and imprisonment for each offense. Some l'aiincrs' Union Motes, This week the local unions will meet to elect delegates to the coun? ty meeting on Friday. March 1st. Let me urge every member to turn out to theae meetings; make them interest? ing by discussions of how to farm this year With less fertilizer and for more home supplies. Then elect a full representation of your best mem? bers to the county meeting. Send only those men who will go to the meeting, not those who go merely be? cause they have business in town. Let US give Bro, Williams. the new president, a hearty send-off by hav? ing a rousing good meeting, it will do him good and do every member who attends good. Sumter county union I:.is a good record for work done for the cause of better mar? kets, Just a d?) or so ago. 1 saw a clipping from the Columbia Record about the work being done by the Sumter union. And under the ad? ministration of President Williams, the state president, hopes to be able in intuit with pardonable pride to <till greater achievements of the Bum tor county union in I'M - - ? ? + There are three other points In the count) whore strung local unions should organise, Friends of the cause con call on either Bro, Bcall or Uro. William - whichever most eon venlent, to organise a local. some earnest brother will always be glad to go with the organizer, and unless the appointment conflict! with others, the State president will take pi insure in Joining the organizing party, and lell his auditors of conditions as h se mi them in his travels around the Stain. * * * There is a growing Interest in (ho ?ubjdCt that hai la-en Kiw-u more thought by the Bumter county union than any other: the development of home markets, We are not "protec? tionists" in the sense of wanting a tariff wall around our county, but we are "protectionists" in the sense of wanting to Supply the needs of the citizens of Bumter. If ay es vi lie and j Xew Sumter, where are congregated j the greatest number of consumers in . the county. | s e ? The paragraph from Editor Osteen . on the warehouse bill is a good pre- ' sentation of the awakening of the people to more modern methods of doing business. He well says there may be temporary back sets, due to opposition of interests now fattening on both producer and conumer, or to mistakes in the management, but eventually it will succeed, and it will succeed ever beyond the dreams of its most ardent supporters. ? * * Twenty-five years ago the State Al? liance established the Alliance Ex? changes. One of its directors was a Sumter man, Hon. W. O. Cain, sec? retary of the board. It broke the bag? ging trust by the aggressive action of its board, and did much to improve trade conditions in the State. In Sum? ter county the Alliance was ignored by every merchant in town, they re? fused to even meet a committee from the Alliance, except Mr. Neill O'Don nell, and it was the trade arrange? ments made by him and the Alliance that lf.ld the foundation of the pres? ent big business of his firm. ? ? ? Recently in conversation with a gentleman of State-wide acquaintance he stated that in those days the stress was laid on savings on purchases, and he was very much gratified when he learned that the Sumter county union has been seeking to stress the selling side of our business. Others who have thought that farmers only organized to save on purchases, when they heard the need of better markets discussed and how to secure them, ha\c taken an entirely new view of the union, and say we are at last on the line of endeavor that will mean more to our farmers than anything we have ever undertaken. s e ? It is this position v. hlch made the writer President of ?he S,tate union, and he wants Sumte- county union to ro develop the home market that it will continue to lead the State and present a concrete example of what can be done. In all the discussl mis of the high cost of living (and one can not pick up a standard magazine without finding one or more articles on the subject), all the arguments point irresistibly to the elimination of waste in distribution, and show how it will benefit both producer and con? sumer. We must hack the union, and make the Union Brokerage Com? pany a real sales agent for the pro? duce of Sumter county. E. W. D. Southern Cotton Speculators as "Bears." Ti: "hearing" cotton last fall some of the people of the South did more than New York speculators to beat down the price of the South's great ?tuple. In fact, Xew York speculator? rcivo to a considerable extent laughed in their sleeves at the way in which the South has played into their hands since this crop commenced to move to market. Some Southern factors, son e cotton speculators and some farmers have been instrumental in ores king the price. Many of them have m reality been against the in? terests, of the South for the hope of their own private gain. The specu lators and tne spit tiers of the East and of England have had more faith in the value ef cotton than have these people in the South who have done so much to help to "hear" It. These things have been frely discussed dur? ing the last four or five months in the offices of cotton broken in Xew York, through whom Southern people were selling short. Several months ago we published a report that a number of Manchester spinners had bought sufficient cotton to last them at least two years. This has been done not so much through 'he pur? chase of spot cotton as through the purchase of contracts from Southern factors, A Southern banker who has for several months been carefully ?tudylng the market in New York. In a letter to the Manufacturers Record, says: The Southern factors who furnish? ed spot cotton to the spinners have to n large extent agreed i<> deliver cot? ton to Manchester. England, on the basis of la cuts for middling run nlng a far as 1916, in order to proteti themselves these factors nec essarll) had to go Into the x<w York l op true market and buy contracts, which contracts ??>.?-? ' - nol let ^>< until cotton is called for by Manelus t r to be delivered i n the basis of in cents. Inasmuch ;s the spinners < f this country and Em larid and the ? orainent have secured 1-irge amoum of actual COttOlt, and aieo a large n imber of contracts In Lhe New York merket, the said < dracta having ? in sold them by I suletors who believed in lower prb ?. no decline can legitimately take place intll the l .inners are willing to let go the con? tracts they now hold, and until the actual cotton that they have bougnt has been us~d tip. Notwithstanding the fact that this present cotton crop ! will probably run Into 15.000.000 bales, the surplus over and above the ordinary crop has found a lodging in lhe purchase of the spinners for fu j tiire use; and, therefore1, unless this crop is follows by another large ! crop higher price* seem inevitable before the season is over, j lhe South, in the opinion of the writer, has made a mistake in press? ing Its cotton upon unwilling bvyers r-t very low prices, not realizing that at such prices contracts were made refilling into the future, even up to 1915; and the Southern factors have speculated, unfortunately for them? selves aid for the South, by agreeing to supply this cotton for future need3 at extreemly low prices. It is a great misfortune for the South that its own people to so large an extent this year , showed their lack of faith in the value of cotton by speculating on the short side, and thus to the extent of their ability A. lping to force prices down. The ?act that European spinners have been inxious to buy at 10 cents a ? for several years in advance how they regard the cotton They know full well that w can buy a supply of cotton their needs for two or three years at the exceedingly low prices which have prevailed (and 10 cents is a low price for cotton compared with what it ought to command year in and year out) they are getting a bargain. If the South would keep at home the millions of dollars which Its own people lose to Wall Street and to Europe in their speculative oper? ations In cotton, it would get rich much more rapidly than It is doing. The tribute which Wall Street and European buyers exact of cotton speculators of the South is a very heavy one. It is greatly to be re? gretted that, In addition to the actual money loss thus annually made by the South, so many of Its own people are active factors In price of cotton.?Manu ord. LIVERPOOL MAll Liverpool, Feb. 19. Cotton Spot Liverpool 262 American middling uplar Receipts today 14,000; American. 13.800. Sales S.000. Open Closed. Feb.562% 567 Feb?licit.*>61V4 566% Mar?April.561?62 567% April?M\y. .. .561?62 568 V May?June. 564?63% 569 Futures. 8.43?75. Closed steady. New York Cotton Market. New York. Feb. 19. Open Close. Mar.10.02 10.16?17 May.. . 10.25 10.34?:,5 Jt ly. 10.35 10 42?44 Aug..'.10.30 10.38?39 Oct.10.31 10.39?40 Closed steady. Contractor Moves Forces to Colum? bia. Mr C. B. Teague. the contractor who did the work of grading the new A. C. L. freight yard and who had secured the work on the South Caro? lina Western route for a distance rive mill's out from Sumter. stated Friday morning that he would move his force <1 hands and horses and ap? paratus over to Columbia at once where he had secured a contract to grade the new Southern trelgnt yard. Mr. Teague has had a large force of hands and teams here for the past few months and for several weeks they have been idle waiting for the wuk on the South Carolina Western to commence, but as it seems that the titles to the rights of way cannot be settled so??n he has decided tO move to Columbia. Marriage Ltorasc Record, Only one marr'agc license was is? sued Saturday. This was issued to II0001 Jamison and Roberta Counts, colored, of Sumter. Work h;is been commenced toward i Utting In a new flooring in the build? ing oe. upled by King's cigar store and nool room. s <\ WHITE LRGIIORXfl?Etta for setting from select pen, prtee win? ning strains, $1.25 per II, Km from yard, all thoroughbreds. $1 for ir.. 11. c Oeteen, ;?i4 Wr l lampton.