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ntchman '?it AT .UTK K WATCHMAN. bUshed April. lA&t / 'Be Just and Fear not?Let all the ends Thon Aims't at be thy Country's, Thy God's and Truth's." 1*011 THE TRUE SOUTHRON. Established Jane. ? Consolidated Aur. 3.1881 SUMTER, S C , SATURDAY, JANUARY 20, 1912. Vol. XXXIII. No. 42. millOI DUE 10 FARMERS. II. HAKIM* ON CONIMTION OF COTTON MAKKKT. Pre-lilem of Farmers* Union fcsggj Farmers Can only Blame ?plvr? for Low Prior* ? Cur film mi of Crop and Raining Hume *iriptte* for It IS will Put Price ? AUck to 15 Cent*. He Hay*. Charleston News and Courier. Relative t<> the deplorable condi? tion of the cotton market, and anent th* various plana for remedying the Situation. Mr. B. Harris, of Pen gleton. formerly president of the Far mere' Union of the State, has written the following for The News snd Courier: We aaw cotton last August sell for 11 1-2 cents and l.islde of ninety days the same grade of cotton sold for ? 3-4 cents. There Is something radically wrong when surn wide va? riations in price occur. There is no other commodity under the heavens w'th such s fall In price. According to Statistics the world needs every hale that will be made this year. If what I hare seated shove be true, there must be some cause for the drop lo t*e price of cotton. It is up to the farmers who are the producers Jo find out the cause, snd It ?* wp to them and them enly to remedy it. Will they do It? I cannot say. Can they remedy it? I answer emphati? cally, they can. How? By diversi? fying their crops so as to make them self-supporting. Now, 1 do not wsnt to appeal to your prejudices, but I want to appeal to your good common "horse" sense. I know that there axe only a few of our farmers that realise Just what South Carolina Is spending annually lor products which she ought to hem at home, and these pro can be raised In this State for half of the amount It is >pte to buy elsewhere, i m 'lee 1 will enumerate: Flour $10.000.090, bacon snd lard $17.1:50.900, horses and mules $12.500.010. bay and oats $11.500. 000. corn $13.000.000, fertilisers $15. 000.000. nnrt I will just state that there ts only Just about 15 per cent ?>f this money that ever gets back to us. There is no State tn the Union that can ralno the above articles cheaper tlMU South Carolina. Hors ?s Sgeg mules can be rained from b.rth until they are three years old for $71 each. Pork can be produced at a cost of three cents per pound gross. Corn has been raised at a cost of 12 1-2 cents per bushel. Any farm? er can raise tt for 25 cants per bush ei The farmer who buys corn this year will five $1 for It. to Just re? member when you buy a bushel of com you are giving one dollar for 35 cents?or. |g fact, any other com? modity which you buy that could be raises on your farm, you are swap? ping at the same ratio. Farmers, stop, think. consider what you are doing. Add what we are buying and the total amounts to |W9.200.000. slow let us see what our i i-rop Kill t-ring. Say wo Sjrfg make this year in South Caro? lina. In round numbers, 1,500,000 bale* of cotton. Suppose the aver? age price Is |40 per bale?our crop will eell for $?0.000,000. The cotton eeed will bring approximately about $7 per bale, making the total seed rained sell for $10.500.000. Tou will now seo that the cotton crop and the seed will not pay for the commodities that we have bought elsewhere. Now. brother far? mers, when auch conditions as I have pointed out to you exist, you need ri"t h? surprised t> see cotton drop in price from 15 1-2 cents to I 2-4 cents inside of ninety days. I want to any to you that we, the farm era, are to blame for this and no one else. It Is up to you and no one else. It is up to snd to you only to remedy the situation As to higher prices i^r the remain der of the crop. 1 want to suy to you that It all depends on the acreage that you plant during the year 1012 and the amount of fertili? ser that you buy. As to the pri< ?. at which you will sell for the 1912 crop, 1 want to say If you desire 5. n. Just plant the same o re sgs that you planted during 1911 and buy Just as much fertilises" aa you did last yesr. and you will have It However If you want 15-cent cotton, .lust cut your cotton n<-reage || Oer cent., with u like < urtall In the fertiliser used lust year, and plant ths 30 par cent, reduction In com snd oats and you can make the II reals. Of course, soffef 9 Ail' our farmers wi'l say that Mr. Jones Is folng to cut his cotton crop and I v ill just plant a little more. Now the man that will do that, is not a true man to his neighbors and to his romtry, and when he passes over the river he will soon be forgotten. Brother farmers, stand for the right thing and the right thing to do now II lo cut cotton acreage 30 per cent, with a like reduction In the use of fer lltsers. After our experience in 1911, why should we have to be solicited to re? duced cotton acreage? It has been previously dem oust rated to us that a 14,(?00,000 bale crop will bring about $300.000.000 leas money than our 12,100,000 bale crop at 1910, to you see we have practically raised 3,000,. 000 bales of cotton for nothing. Why will the farmers do such a thing? raise two bales of cotton to get the price one ought to sell for? Remem? ber you did It, do not blame anyone else. Who Is to remedy this state of sffalrs? I say the farmers, you who produce the cotton. I wish to state to you. brother farmers, that you are up against the largest proposition you have ever boon up against and you have got to fight the bf.ttle. As to the cotton mill managers, 1 uo not blamo them. They have merged for their own benefit, so as to buy the raw material cheaper and to sell their finished product better, and rhey can certainly control their labor better. feo it lo now Up to theU farmers to Join the Farmers* Union, and stsnd shoulder to shoulder, co? operate with each other. Stand as one man and if you will do this and make home s*!f-supportlng, you can, always dictate the price you will sell your cotton for. I have heard many farmers and like expressions, from other professions, that we WoUld not see any more cheap cotton. 1 told them that they had not studied the cotton situation. We are all wiser than we were a year ago. We have practically raised Ihre? million bales of cotton for nothing auring the past staatv Qrsilh>t Farmers, is as, plain as A B C ss to what Is the matter. It is ruinous to any country to have only one crop. Let me remind you farmers that we did it?we raised the enormous crop and put this stick in the hands of our enemies to crack our own heads with and they have us^d it on us to their own good. The stick was the three million bales that we raised for nothing. It was a bear on the cotton market, which has forced the price of cotton down to below the cost of production. N??w, In conclusion, I want to say a word In Justice to "ur bankers. They have oeen quite liberal for the past year, having allowed our farmers the money to raise the enormous crop of cotton, and they did all they could to let them hold their cotton for better prices, and many of them have almost strained their own crdit to tide over their customers. farmers, you are the ones that mnke high price cotton and you atf; ni'?o the ones that make- low prlco col ton. Which do you want for 1912 !l!gh or low? It you want low pricss for your cotton this fall, do not cut acreage. If you want high prices, cut your acreage 30 per cent, as wel1 as the use of fertilizers and plant ? .ts :tnd corn. The conditions 'hat exist In South Carolina is the same in every ?otton State, which shows why cotton Is selling belOW the cost cf production. Kil l i n BY HIS OWN GIN. DU trowing Accident with Williams- j burg Filmier the Victim. Klngstree. Jan. 17.?News reach? ed here this afternoon, over the lo? cal telephone, that James Dean, a white man of the Hebron neighbor? hood, in Wlllinmsburg County, had dentally shot and killed himself this morning. It seems that Mr. Dean arid Mr. It. la Minims had gone ??ut in the woods to get a load of wood. Mr. Dean taking bis gun along. They ran into u covey of partridge* ninl Mr. Dean killed two or three of them. While coming hack to the wagon, and holding the gun by the barrel, he attempted to eross a log, when the hammer of the gun struck a log and the gun was discharged, the whole load tuklng effect In the neck, and completely severing the Jugular vein. The uouruled man expired almost in? stantly. The lights at the Atlantic Const Line railroad station which were put up som* time ago and nhortly after? wards blown d iwn by the wind are being reinstated, this time so that the wind cannot break them off. APPOINTED Ii. M. GREEX AS IIIS REPRE8KNa'ATTVE IN THIS STATE. I Reduced IClJj^SJMllllIWi anil More Work Cln fined by New Arrangement. Message to Senate Yesterday. Columbia, Jan. 18.?"When the va? rious counties refused to pay my de? tectives, of course this hampered mo in the discharge of my duties, but in order to have this work thorcugh !y done I appointed Col. L. M. Green as inspector," said the governor yes? terday in a special message to tho senate. The governor said that the results achieved by Col. Green, his inspector, are thorough, and his report is in de? tail. In speaking of the work done, Gov. Blease said: "I am satisfied It i was more thoroughly done than if done by the inspectors provided for in that act." He also asserts that ; $3,400 was saved. Col. Green was paid $1.000 for his work. Col. Green's report appended to the message is quite a voluminous docu? ment. The governor's message fol? lows: "When I vetoed certain amounts for inspectors at the last session of the general assembly it was my in? tention to save this amount to the State by having my State and coun? ty detectives do the work that had been provided for these inspectors, but* when various counties refused to pay my detectives of course this hampered me in the discharge of my duti s, but In order to have this work thoroughly done I appointed Col. L. M. Green as inspector, and herewith submit to you his detailed report 1 paid him for this work $1,000. I am satisfied it was more thoroughly dono than if it had been done by inspectors as provided for in that act, and it has been done, as you see. at quite a saving, for the two inspectors would have cost for the year $3,400, including their expenses; while the amount mentioned Here a> paid Col. Green covers salary and ull expenses, Col. Green having made his full report and retired from the ser? vice on December 31, 1911." The Inspectors referred to are those factory inspectors appointed by the department of immigration, agri? culture and industries, the appropria? tion for whose salaries Gov. Blease vetoed at the h.st session of the leg? islature. KNOWS WHEREOF HE SPEAKS. "E. I. It." Claim* to Know the Reme? dy for Too Much "Hot Air." Ex-Health officer E. L Reardon says that ho is expecting, hourly to be called to Washington In consulta? tion with President Tuft, and Surgeon General Blue, of the Public Health and Marine Hospital service in re? gard to Postmaster General Hitch? cock's troubles of "talking over time." Mr. Reardon says that a lit? tle over one year ago, he, the afore? said "A I. R." talked and wrote himself out of several Jobs. Now it transpires that this disease of talk? ing yourself out of a good paying office lias boon found not to be pe? culiar to fools as was considered the primary cause of the affliction in his l taaOj but it la now believed to bo a contagious disease which attacks even nu n of marked intellectuality and political shrewdness as is shown in the ease of Mr. Hitchcock. Mr. Bourdon has offered his ser? vices to the president and claims to be able to correctly diagnose the Postmaster General's troubles and guaranties that he can offer the af? flicted oablnet officer a remedy which he. Reardon. has learned under treatment of Chairman J. P. Booth of the committee on public works of the city council of Sum tor. Just after Mr. Reardon got hot in the collar and resigned his office of Health OfRceri Chairman Booth ap? pointed him an Inspector in the pub? lic works department inspecting ;he hulldlng of concrete work and mak? ing of cement drain pipe. He told j Mr. Reardon, (so the latter says), to go out to the pipe factory just out? side the <ity limits. attend to his business and "learn how to keep your - mouth shut, and nurse your Job." Mr. Reardon is thinking of asking Chairman Booth to go to Washington with him to SSSlSt It) prescribing a remedy fot General Hitchcock if the president s? lids for Mr. Reardon. Street Commissioner White Thurs? day morning had his gang of Street hands opening up ? dram near the sidewalk SO that the water from the melting snow could run off readily. A BATTLE WITH SNOW BALLS. Indies Enjoy trpf Snow ? Coldest Weather S'tiee 188? ? Personal News. Mayesville, Jan. 17.?Mayesville, I like nearly every other place, has been snow and ice bound for the past few days, but Is now beginning to thaw out. According to the oldest inhabitants, as the papers always say, this has been one of the most severe cold speH ever experienced in this section and the snow fall was probably the deepest. In January, 1886, the cold was more severe for at that time, the waters of Black River and Scape O'er Swamps were frozen over and a person could walk over the streams on the thick ice. This spell was not that severe but all are agreed that it was cold enough. On Monday afternoon, a bat' \e roy? al with snow balls was held between two companies of ladies from East and West Mayesville, the Eastenders winning. After the battle, the ladies came down town and for sometime a great deal of amusement was had on the streets between the ladies and the young men. Snow balls flew thick and fa3t and many timid one3 were afraid to venture forth from their plaoea of business. The ladies, of course, carried the day. There were no casualties to report except a few broken windows. Businesa conditions are very dull at present and nobody seems to have begun work in earnest for the new year as yet. probably owing to the in? clement weather following the holi? day season, Moving ha3 been the j order of the day among the agricul- j tural element, both wuite and black, j and from the number of wagons passing through town with household and other goods, nearly everybody in the surrounding country appears to have made a change. No business changes of any Importance took place in town. Rev. Junius Mills of the Piedmont eej**c** is ^siting ^*s 'i^reatey. J?r. and Mra. L. C. Mills. Mr. and Mrs. Moultrie Reid of St. Charles visited their daughter, Mrs. W. G. Thomas this week. Mrs. H. A. Knox and children have returned from a visit to her former home at Richland, S. C. Mrs. H. C. Bland and daughter, Coralie, are visiting the former's par? ents at Chapin, S. C. Miss Minnie Chandler ha9 gone to visit friends in Bishopville. Miss Fannie Chandler ha3 returned from Columbia, where she has been visiting relatives. Mrs. Minnie Atkins Simmons of Brooklyn, N. Y.. has been on a visit to her father, Capt. J. E. Atkins. Mr. H. C. Bland is attending fed? eral court in Columbia this week as a juryman. Mr. T. B. Fort went to Timmons v lie OH Wednesday on a business trip. CONGRESS SITS TILL AUGUST. Awkward for Republicans, as Their Convention Being In Chicago, Member* Will be Somewhat Fin? ita missed. It is Thought. Washington, Jan. 17.? Moth Demo? cratic and Republican leaders in the house of representatives today agree that there was little likelihood of con gTeSS adjourning before August next It was said that this probability largely influenced the Democrats i choosing Baltimore as the nationa convention city. The Republican will have a more awkward sltuatio to deal with in having their conven tion in Chicago with (.ongress i Session. The condition of congres. in session during national conven tion periods has not existed sin l S H 1>. "There is no reason on earth wh. congress can not adjourn by the firs week In June," said Senator Smooi o Utah. "If we are kept here longer tha thai there will be a Political reaso for it. I have heard it said that th Democratic convention, was seat t Baltimore so that the Democrats i congress could attend the conventlo while congress was still In session." MAY SECURE FLOWER BEE1 Those Who Desire s*i?i May <;? Them by caning tor Them Packages of Bower seed sent n by the Government Departmenl wl be gladly given away to children i terested 11 civic League gardens. Those who desire these seed Wl call f??r them at No. I I WnshlngB Street, CHAMBER OF COMMERCE NOTES Why the Siimter Chamber of Com? merce is Interested in All Manner of Civic Improvements?City Trees, Sidewalks, Streets, Yards, Bte. Occasionly some citizen asks why the Sumter Chamber of Commerce is so deeply interested in the city government and generally in civic improvement. In fact it has only been within the last few years that American commercial organizations have viewed this subject in its proper Uht. It is significant that since they have taken up this subject that they have increased rapidly in numbers and Jheir influence has spread throughout the entire land. Many of these organizations have promoted the "Spotless Town Day, when the entire city has undergone a cleaning, back and front yards alike. Mayors have issued proclamations and the schools and stores were closed and every man, woman and child in town went to work to scrub that town clean. Photographs of filthy back yards were taken and put on slides and shown to the public. There are a number of these yards in Sumter that would not show up wel. in a photograph. It is now recognized by all commercial and industrial forces that a city must be clean and attrac? tive before it can grow. Industries will come to and the necessary labor will live in those cities only that show a proper civic pride, cleanli? ness, well paved streets, paved side? walks, attractive home and trees, schools and churches, public libraries, public parks and publi^ buildings. Discussing in the American Lum? berman the Christmas spirit applied to business, H. F. Millar, business manager of the association, writes: "The business mind is above all thing? a practical mind. It discards all theories oased on hysteria or un? sound logic. Convince the business man that it is good policy for him to >rganize with his follows, co-oper? ate witjh^ his competitors,^ fjivj extend hfs acquaintance, and he Jbon learns to capitalize acquaintance and good fellowship and tto clip the coupons of profit from the bonds of fraternity without the sacrifice of a single prin? ciple and without the infraction of the most delicate rules governing the fintness of things and good business ethics. "In nearly every large and progres? sive city in the United States there is today at least one big strong aggres? sive organisation of progressive busi? ness men banded together in good fellowship and working earnestly along lines of efficient organization and practical co-operation to a de? gree which would have he n impos? sible only a fc?v years ago. "It is frequently said and written that the spirit of organization is abroad in the land. According to of? ficial report there are no less than four thousand commercial clubs and .Similar local commercial organiza? tions in the United States. Civic work has had no place in the old fashloned commerical organization. The broader modern idea is responsi? ble for the combination of altruism and good business, and in the fu? sion of the elements invol\?d a chem? ical reaction has resulted which means much to the business world and to the world at large. "The business association which en? courages public improvements, co? operates with the public authorities to secure economic and effective ad? ministration, safeguards the public health, secures for the individual and his possesslpna protection against the lawless and raises the standards of living by directing the influence of public opinion In many ways hither? to neglected?this association is 'get? ting business' and Is getting it by means that are farsighted and en? do ri ?ig. This work is new work. "Not until the local civic and com? mercial organisations have broaden? ed their Influence through state? wide co-operation and then expanded through country-wide fraternalism win they compass their greatest sphere of usefulness." WWTS CANTEEN RESTORED. Petition Before Congress in Behalf of "Moral and Physical Health of Stddiers." Washington. Jan. 16.?A petition urging the restoration of the army canteen was presented to Congress today i?y Representative Bartholdt, of Missouri. It bore the signatures of mote than three hundred physi i lani and three hundred and twenty six mothers and wives of army man. it contended thai Mthe moral and physical health of soldiers requires the re-establishment of the canteen." DENIES GUILT IN CDNXECTIOX WITH (-IULS DEATH. Rev. W. I). McFarland. D. D., Want e'd in I'iitMhunc for Criminal Opera? tions V|>on Miss Elsie Dodds Coe, His Secretary. Resulting in Her Death. Arrested in Tennessee? Denial ?.mit. Pittsburg, Jan. 16.?An v< tmrnt was returned by the g ^nury late today against the P . Jr. W. D. M.K.irland. minist N<hid educator. Of Cedar Creek. County, Ten^., formerly of t> ^ity, charging him with a felor ^'committing two op? erations t? Miss Elsie Dodds Coe, his former secretary, which resulted in her death last Friday in a local hospital. According to a report here tonight the Rev. Mr. McFarland has been ar? rested by the Tennessee authorities, and will be held at Knoxville until the arrival of a Pittsburg officer. Rollin McConnell, of Chicago, who represents a local firm in that city, mentioned in Miss Coe's dying state? ment as being responsible for her condition. reached here* today and conferred with District Attorney W. .v. fUakeley. Later McConnell went before the grand jury and testified of his relations with the deceased. Tut'e is no charge against McConnell. McFarland was formerly head of the academic department of the Pittsburg High School. Miss Ooa, aged 28, had been Dr. McFarland's secretary. He is about 60 years of age and married. Greenville, Tenn., Jan. 16.?The Rev. W. D. McFarland, D. D., want? ed in Pittsburg in connection with thj recent death of Miss Elsie Dodds Coe, woi arrested today, and is be? ing held pending the arrival of Penn? sylvania officers. At his preHrainarv trial this afternoon he was remanded to jail, without bond, and the --'ose continued ,-for thre* days at the ro? * ffiie^t of the 8t;,t< t-ounseLJr>^T* At the hearing Dr. McFarland made an emphatic denial of the char?je3 pgatnat him. asserting that he wis n no way responsible either for the ondition of Miss Coe tor for her death. He expressed regr< t because of til9 ?orrow the publication of the charges would bring to his family, and de 11 ired that he was ready to return to Pennsy Ivan a without requisition papers in order to clear up charges against him. CHANGE OF DfAUG?RATfOBI DATE. House Committee Reports] Favorably on Henry Resolution. Washington, Jan. 16.?The House judiciary committee today ordered favorably reported the Ile.iry reso~ lutlon, changing the date of the Pres Identlal inauguration from March 4 to the last Thursday in April, and the term of Representatives in Con? gress to begin the second Tu 3day in January, instead of on March -4. These changes would be effective April 1917. and January. 1918, re? spectively. The Henry resolution would pro? vide for extension of the ter'.i of the President and Vic ? President elected in 1912 to lb ..ist Thursday of April. 1917. Congreaf would con? vene annually on the. second Taes day in January. This bill would leave the biennial elections hi No? vember, except in Oregon in June, and in Maine and Vermont in Sep? tember. Several Dem Oerath mem bers reserved the right to amend the resolution on the floor. The bill would also gi.e Congress constitu? tional power to legislate as to *uc cesslOtt where there Ks a vacancy on account of the death or inability of th. President-elect snd Vies Presi? dent-elect betv ? en the counting of the eieetorta] vote and the inaugura? tion. ? There is g t ?mplete hiatus here at present." said Mr. Henry, "and should the.<, officials die or become totall) disabled betw< en those dates tliere is now no authority for filing the vacancies." Unprecedented. Noting the action Of the House of Re| resentatlves at Columbia In pass? ing the dispensary investigation measure over the Governor's veto by a unanimous vote of lot to o, the Columbia State suggests that "it Is unlikely that the incident was Unique in the annals of American legislation." So is Governor Rlease among American executtvaa.- Nowi and Courier.