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ff?? ?F MTF.lt WATCHMAN. April, ISM. nura and Soutljron 'Be Jumt and Fear not?-Let all the Thou Alms't at be thy Countrr'a, Thy God's and Trutto'a" THE TRUE SOUTHRON, Established June, 1 Consolidated Aur. 3,1881. STJMTER, S. C, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1911. Vol. XXXIII. No. 16. JUSTICE jjjUj KU l?KATH C I AIMS OLOKST MKM III K OK >IFKKMK COI'RT. Venerable JurUt Bids Fare'vcll to Life Surrounded by Family In mnMhinirton Home?111 Leta* Than m Week?Notable Career n Kotl tir* and Choren. Washington. Oct. 15.?'Bood-by*. I am aorry I kept you all waiting M long.'' With these words. Associate Justice John M. Harlan, of the Su? preme Court of the United States, acclaimed the irreatest constitutional authority of the day. once a con splcious figure in national und Ken? tucky Republican politics, snd long a leader In Presbyterian councils, passed ewsy early today. He had been 111 leas than s week. The famous jurist will bs bnrled In the National Cemetery, at Arling? ton, or at Rock Creek Cemetery here, following a service next Tue? lay. at the New York Avenue Presbyterian Church, of which he waa an active member. The Supreme Court will take formal sctlon on his death Monday and adjourn Immediately as a mark of respect. It was while on the Bend? Mon? day that Justice Harlan first felt the sttsck of bronchitis. He asked then for sue* simple remedies ss were at hand, out remained on the Bench. By Tuesday coneiderabls fever was msnlfest. On Wednesdsy he was markedly weaker and hie condition grew worse, although It was not un? derstood st the Supreme Court that hia condition was at all alarming. Testsrdsy he seemed a little better. His son. John M. Harlan, of Chica? go, a lawyer, was summoned here, however, snd another son. Dr. Rich? ard C. Harlan, traveling In Europe, waa notified. Last night ne gre* worse and death came at I.IS o'clock this morning. His desth wss a great shock to hla Judicial aasoctutoe. They hsd not un? derstood the extent of the Illness. ' tis "had had eoms fcronahlsl affections\ for nearly ten years, resulting In some degree from his custom of go? ing about Washington In all sorts of weather, and >f usually making the journey to and from the Corrt on the plst forma of street csra. regard lees of ra'n or cold. Justice Harlan's great ambition was to serve until neit June when he would hsve exceeded the service of sny other man who sat on that bench. As It was hit service waa longer than that of any other Justice except Chief Juattce Marshall and Associate Justice Stephen O. Fields. Field's wss the longest service 34 years. ? months snd 10 days; Mar? shall's 34 years. 5 months and 6 days; Hsrlsn'a 33 years, IS montha and ft daya. Justice Story waa on the Bench 33 years. 9 months. 22 da vs. These srs the only Justices who hsve served their country on the Bench for more than a gen? eration. Justice Harlan left s widow and five children. Four of the children were at his bedside: The Included: Inter-State Commerce Commissioner Jam 8. Harlan. John Maynard Har? lan, of Chicago and the Misses Laura and Poth Harlan, who live at the Harlan residence here. The third eon. the Rev. Richard D. Harlan, formerly president of I^ake Tor.st Unlveralty, is touring Furope. The career of Justice Harlai was unbjue in the development of an ordinary < ountry politician into one of 'h* greatest legal Intellects of the day. Juntice Harlan was oftet ac? claimed the create t constitutional authority of his Jay. It waa the l?te Justice Brewer who aald of him l ?H:.\.. b.? retiree at night with one hand ->n the Constitution and the other on the Bible, aafe and happy In a perfect fiilth In Justice and righteousness." Justh * Harlan has th?- signal dia nn ? ? n of going down to posterity sa a Justice whose dissenting opin Ions were more wbb-lv known Dial those in whl? h he Joined with the majority of th? Court. With tho death of Jn-ci. .? Marian \h*-> opportunity la ?civ.?n Pr.-*l<bn f Tsft to select durin? bn single term of ofiVe five members of the Su? preme ' ? .'i r ' I ? ? r i 11 - r i mi |<>rit v. In addition. President Taft has nam? ed the Chief Juatb e of the tribunal Osjttsg thought as high aa S 3-1 aents on the local market Monday The rec eipts were between |M and 100 The laving of tho drain pipe from llarvln atre?t ?o M iIn s'ret was completed tod^y. completing the sys? tem #from Main street on out of at* n MOVEMENT AGAINST TURKS. ITALIAN TROOPS IN TRIPOLI M'.MBKR OVER 23,000. Transports Bring Reinforcements Preparatory to Prompt Action Against Expected Resistance and Complete Occupation of Country? When Additional Troops Arrive, Italy Expect* Turkey to Accept Inevitable. Tripoli, Oct. 14.?Gen, Caneva, comander-in-chief of the Italian expedition, has decided to act quick? ly, and It is believed that the troops under him will march immediately against the positions occupied by the i Turks. A reconnaissance of the desert today disclosed the central body of the Turkish troops with field guns not far from th# city. i Nineteen more Itflian transports, I escorted py warships and carrying the second division of the troops, ar I rived this morning. The men were ! hastily landed. This division Is 15,000 strong and there are now 23.000 Italian soldiers on the coast of Tripoli. Not only la the Italian position safeguarded against surprise, but an effective oc? cupation of the Interior can begin. It is reported that the Arabs have accepted the Italian occupation joy? fully, but some of the warships re? main in the harbor in readiness for emergencies. Troops were landed today, also, at Benghazi, Derna, To bruk and Bomba. Although the utmost precautions have been taken looking to the per? fecting of sanitary arrangements cholera has broken out and it is re? ported that four deaths have occur? red. Gen. Caneva haa addressed a proclamation to the inhabitants, as? suring them that they have not been enslaved by Italy, but on the other hand, they have been liberated from the yoke under which they have been laboring for many years. They will be ruled by their own chief* un the patronage of the King of Italy. stgWfissjg and civil laws will be respected and taxes will be reduc? ed or abolished. The proclamation concludes by announcing that Italy desires that Tripoli shall remain the land of Islam under the protection of Italy. PLOT TO KILL TAFT. Section Foreman Discovered 3o Sticks of Explosive Beneath Via? duct. Santa Barbara, Cal., Oct. 16.? What is pronounced by Sheriff Nat Stewart of Santa Barbara of Sunta llaraha county and W. F. Wlnans ->f San Franciaco. special agent for the Southern Pacific, to have been u de? liberate attempt to dynamite an SOD ft. bridge 25 rakes north of here over which President Taft's special train passed early today was frustrated by the vigilance of a Mexican bridge watchman at 1:M o'eiork this mom? I Ing. A close watch Is being kept on nil mountain passes in the vicinity. San Francis?-.?, Oct. 16. ?A report received here today by officials of the Southern Pacific Railroad com? pany from a section foreman of the road at Naples. Cal., gave details of th?- discovery of 36 sticks of dyna? mite under the Calrtan viaduct, 20 I miles north of Santa Barbara, sev (eral hours befor,. President Taft's ?postal train passed over the bridge I en route to Los Angeles this morn \\ntc. The dynamite was found after J the watchman engrged in a revolver battle with two m< n who escaped. After the pair haa escaped tlje WStehssaa returned to the bridge and began an Investigation. Near the i enter (.f the span, lodged In one of the support! of th* viaduct. WOTS f"iiml the 36 sticks of dynamite, with a 1 S?fe,,t fuse attached to one of the sticks, >ew Jurors Drawn Monday. In order t<> i Offtplete the venire a number of Jurors were drawn. Monday in ths office of tie- county clerk of coufl These new jurors will t ike rhe place <>f the Jurors who wet.- e\? used and who. for some reason or other, did not appear to ser\ r. The Jurors drawn w ere W. v Bradford, I J if. MeColhrai, A. M. Wibbr ft .i. Ksnnsdy, .1. I'.. Baker. .1. I?. Shlter. ?5 F. Klchardson, W L. WrlKht. - at F. Mllier. J Nettles Wibbr, W II. Scott. PROBLEM IIP TO LANDLORDS. W. H. INGRAM BAYS THAT THEY SHOl Ll> LIMIT ARK A PLAUT? BD IN OOTTOW, Only Chance Then, Thinks Sumter Planter, Is to Have Landowners Ad In Concert. "In my opinion the only wV* to or ganize the country, or that portion of it directly engaged in making cot- 1 i ton, ia by organizing the landlords and prescribing the area of cotton that each tenant shall be permitted to plant in cotton," said W. H. In-1 gram. a well-known farmer and business man of Sumter, who was among the visitors in Columbia Sat? urday, in speaking of the movement throughout the South to secure a higher price for cotton. He has had much experience in planting cotton, and is one of the largest and most successful planters in the State. j "Several years since," said Mr. In? gram, "I got a letter from the ad ? miniatratlve head of the Cotton 'Growers' Association of Great Brlt ian In reply to one from me, written with a view to interesting the cotton factories of that country In lands over here. I think the gentleman's name was McXamara. The paper on which his letter was written had j printed upon it the names of some j of the leading public men of Eng? land of that day?dukes, *arls, [state-men and even members of the royal family. I mention this merely to show the wide Interest taken in the subject of his letter. "The substance of that letter was that the English people had spent 15 years of time, and about $150,000. 000 to find out that there was only one country in the world where cot j ton could be made a profitable com? mercial crop, and that favored sec? tion was the Southern States of the T'nlted States of America. England, with her possessions girdling the earth, is the only country which ever ! disturbed us* as a possible competitor. When England gives it up. the list I Is closed. Thus, geographically, the j cotton area is practically fixed. The . happy combination of the darkey 1 and the mule existing and existable . in the South alone, further assures a practical monopoly. "Some of the very conditions that [establish this moropoly are elements I that create problems in deriving the l>est results from this. "The negro and the mule are by no means unimportant equations in the-problem. We know that, unfor i tunately, the value, or the price rather, of agricultural lands In tue South depend almost exclusively on the price of cotton. When cotton sold around six and seven cents lands we/e worth about $S to $10 an acre, and with the Increased price of cotton these lands are now bringing five to six times aa much. Thus It will be Si?en that It is to the interest of the owners of the real estate of the country to maintain the highest price for the staple. "There are probably ten fanners raising cotton to every single owner of the lands on which It is raised. These lands are rented out for so much par gore without regard to the character of crop to raised upon them. Seventy per cent of the total production of cotton in the South Is raised by tenant farmers. these tenant farmers being for the most pan negroes. They bars not the Same Intsrest in maintaining values of real estate, they have not the same broad outlook as the proprie? tors of the land naturally have, and while living cheaply and bountifully In comparison with a like class In other countries, they live at the fame time without any anxious thoughts of the future, in the eass of those owning the lands the reverse is true. They are the owners of that which is practically the great wealth of the country. Its agricultural lands. Their" lives and their fortunes are bound up In this, and the enhance? ment of these lands are their first consideration, The Isndlords all Know, or OUght to know, that cotton raised on these lands and selling on the market at L'i? ,-ents means that the price and value of the lauds are correspondingly advanced. The per? centage that the landlords boar to those engaged in active farming up* "ti their lands Is probably not ex < eedtng 10 per cent "The owners of the lands are, and OUghl to be, the more Intelligent and Independent class ??f our cltlsons, and because of this superior Intelligence and business ludgmonl are more .?isiiy corralled into organisations through whleh the area to be plant? ed In cotton can be limit. ,i it Is mW b iilsr to organise mi iii groups of intelligent, well-to-do peo? ple and through them lead up to st.it.? and interstate organizations, than to organize a heterogenous herd i of irresponsible tenant farmers, j j These latter are irresponsible from j j the \ery nature of things and can i not within their limited sphere take! that broader view that the other! c lass can. "Though the agitation for holding j cotton and the resolutions passed by j one convention after another may be' I beneficial along educaiional lines, i still the inexorable law of supply and I demand will prevail. Corner?, j squeezes, speculation and what not I I may for a brief little while, give' fictitious value to a great commo? dity like cotton, but the law of sup I ply and demand will on an average fix the true value. I "In my opinion, the only way to organize the country or that portion of it directly engaged in making cotton, is by organizing the land? lord and prescribing the area of cot | ton that each tenant shall be per? mitted to plant in cotton. For in? stance, .Mr. Doe owns a plantation of I 3,000 acres on which there are as many as a hundred tenants, or plows. i "Mr. Doe shall be requested, and it will be to Mr. Doe's interest to comply?to assign to each tenant not more than ten acres to every i mule, to be planted in cotton. Mr. ? Doe has a right to do whatsoever he will with his own land and he I could fix the rental or any excess ? over ten acres, that the tenants J might be inclined to plant in cotton . at prohibitive prices. In this man? ner, there is a mutual advantage in? asmuch as the tenant is forced to : put as much as two-thirds of his j crop in grain, hay and other provis? ions for home consumption and the j area of cotton would be so cut down .as to make 14,000.000 bale crops im I possible in the future, and the land , lord9 will be benefltted in that the price of his land will be enhanced, the character of the crop grown up? on 4,'not so wasteful to the foil, ana the amount of actual labor now wast? ed in cotton culture on the part j of both landlord and tenant can be j divided into more profitable chan? nels. "In view of the call by the gov? ernor to Texas," Mr. Ingram con? cluded, "for a convention of the j governors of the cotton producing . *nates in the near future, 1 thought . it well to express these views and {perhaps, should your paper edito ! tally give attention to them, they j might be of some service in that i convention.?Columbia State. COMING GINNING REPORT. Hcurislt Figures are F.xpevicd-? Movement and Spot Demand Also to be Watched. New Orleans. Oct. 15.?The most Important factor to be considered in the cotton market the coming week probably will the next report on ginning, to be issued by the census bureau Wednesday week. The re? port will cover the period through Tuesday. Bearish figures :ir. expected. but public opinion will be Influenced largely by the bureau report this week. The ginning report will be the most comprehensive one issued, as the previous reports dealt largely with early sections. The movement and spot demand both will be carefully observed this week for anticipated new develop? ments. It is claimed that the lack of spot demand is causing a falling off in the movement slso. that the feeling among spinners that they are secure in not buying if responsible for the poor inquiry. Spinners are expected to bold oft, pending the census report on gin? ning, both in the hope that prices will work lower and in order to get n better llnr on the crop. I The weather will be an important factor, as cold weather is not unexa pected. A cold snap would have more sf" feet on the market sentiment than ?oi the crop, is no material damage would result from frost on account of the crop's advanced condition. A strong sentiment, however, probably will be aroused by frost. TAR 1IKKL8 WELCOME HARMON Governor of uhin Given Cordial Re? ception on First Visit to Greens? boro, N. c. Greensboro, \. C, Oct, ifi.?Gov. Judson Harmon of Ohio was given n cordial reception tonight upon the occasion of his i I \ \-it to Greensboro. Ho w-'ll remain h >re until tomorrow, when he goes to Raleigh to make an nd dress ;>t the State fair Wednesday, HOW TOBACCO WILL DISSOLVE.1 - I PLAN TO COMPLY WlTH DECREE OF SUPREME COURT. I I*ro\iut J for Division of Present Trust Into Four Separate Com I>anies, Neither of Which Shall Have Controlling Interest in To- ! baooo Business ? Securities to be j Distributed In Shape of Dividends. 1 New York, Oct. 14.?The plan, for the dissolution of the American j Tobacco Company, in compliance with the decision of the Unite'* States Supreme Court decreeing \) an illegal combination, waa of** made public tonight. It will be > mitted to the United States Circuit Court for the Southern district of j New York for approval Monday. It was decided to make the plan public prematurely, owing to the publication today of a summary pur I porting to be official, but which, ac? cording to DeLancey Nicol, counsel for the American Tobacco Company, was incorrect. The official plan provides for di? vision of the American Tobacco Company into four companies, no one of which,* it is stated, will have a controlling influence in the tobacco business. The four companies are the present American Tobacco Com? pany, which will continue its cor? porate existence; the Liggette d| Myers Tobacco Company, which is to I be organized, the P. Lorillard Com? pany, also to be organized, and the R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, an existing corporation. Disintegration is to be brought about by selling $115,000,000 of the property of the American Tobacco Company, consisting of factories, brands, business and capital stock of these manufacturing companies, now owned and controlled by it, to the Liggett ?fe Myers Tobacco Company and the P. Lorillard Company, for cash and securities of the two vender companies, and by distributing to common stockholders of the Ameri? can Tobacco Company two-thirds of the stock of the R. J. Reynolds To I bacco Company, now owned by the American Tobacco Company. The plan also provides for dis- j tribution, in the firm of dividends, of the securities of the various sub? sidiary companies controlled by the American Tobacco Company, manu? facturing licorice, snuff, tin foil, etc. to the American Tobacco Company's common stockholders, and the di? vision of some of these subsidiaries, Which w?>re held to be illegal com? binations, into seperate companies, having no interest in each other. It provides further for radical changes in the voting power of twen? ty-nine individual defendants, for? merly controlled by the American Tobacco Company through the own eiship of 50 per cent of the com? mon Stock, which will surrender this control. The principal financial feature of the plan is an assessment on the $40,260,400 common stock of the American Tobacco Company, amounting to $36,561,924. or about 91 per cent, which will he used to? ward the proposed retirement and cancellation of the company's exist? ing bonds. For this assessment, however, the common stockholders will receive common stock of the Liggett ?Sr Myers and P. Lorillard companies. Tt is set forth that 80 per cent of the production of cigarettes in the United States now controlled by the American Tobacco Company. will divided. 37 per cent to the Amer? ican Tobacco Company; 2S per cent to the Ligpett oY Myers Company, and IB per cent to the P. Lorillard Company. The 7 7 per cent of smoking to bacco controlled will be divided, 33 per cent to the American. 20 per cent to the Liggett .v. Myers Com? pany. 2 2 per cent to the P. Lorillard Company and 2 per cent to the R, J. Reynolds Tobacco Company. The so per cent of plug tobacco will be divided, practically 85 per cent to the American Company, :'T per cent to the Liggett & Myers Company, ?'! per cent to the Lorll ilard Company and is per cent to the Reynolds ('< impany. The TO per cent of fine cut to? bacco will be divided, about 10 per cent to the American. 41 per cent to the Liggett A Myers Company and 2s per cent to the Lorillard Com* pany. Thi Rowland Buggy Factory will soon have some buggies to put on the market as thi y have already have parts completed and these parts hsve oc.iv to be assembled to make the buggy. BUSTING OF TRUSTS. ELECTRICAL COMBINATION HIT BY FEDERAL DKCRFK. General Electric c<>mi>any Must Do 11 a si sees Under Its Own Name and Nearly Forty Subsidiary Concerns Must DtsSOT Substance of De? cision in ' bought by Govern? ment I* norman Law. jF w To" 4. Ohio, Oct. 14.?In the Cr ^ ,ates District Court for the ?> rn District of Ohio today _ ? Ae John M. Killetts rendered a * JCtslon in favor of the Government, in the case brought by the United States Attorney General last sum? mer, in Cleveland, against the General Electric Company and about forty subsidiary companies controlled by the General Electric Company, under the Sherman anti-trust law. I The decree, in effect, orders the j General Electric Company to con? duct all its business under its own name and the dissolution of the National Lamp Company and about thirty-five subsidiary corporations. The petition was dismissed as to the Kentucky Electric Company. The contention of the government waa that the General Electric Company and its subsidiary corporations had entered into an unlawful combina? tion in restraint of trade. Wade H. Ellis, Attorney General of Ohio, conducted the case for the govern? ment. COTTON CATERPILLAR REME? DIES. Clemson Extension "Work?Article Ln. Reports from various sections of the State indicate that the ravages of the cotton caterpillar are dicided ly general. The old cotton has suf? fered relatively little from its at? tacks, but it appears from reports in many instances thAt the late cot? ton has sustained rather considerable damage. In its feeding, the caterpil? lar eats preferably the young leaves, buds, and squares of the cotton. The eggs are laid on the under side of the leaves of the cotton, usually on the larger and lower leaves. These hatch out in the strip? ed caterpilalrs seen so abundantly, and become full grown, "web up", forming a chrysr.lis or cocoon from which emerges an olive or clay yellow eolo:ei moth about 1 1-2 inches from tip to tip of wings, with a leaden colored spot on each fore wing. The eggs which are overtak? en by frost perish and hence we And that the bulk of these forms pass the winter in the chrysalis or pupal stage. Fall plowing of affected ireas will be of great destructive^ damage to the wintering forms* ,* The best remedial measure Is the application of Paris Green at the rate of I to 2 l-2 pounds per acre applied in the dry form in the early morning when the foliage is moist. A one inch board, about R inches in width, about ?> inches wider on each end than the width of the cotton row. and trimmed in the middle so as to make it easily handled before a man on a mule is the chief piece >f apparatus needed. A one or two inch sugar hole should be bored in either end so as to fit the rows, and tinder these should be tacked an B ounce duck bag. The Paris green can then be poured into these bags, and tlie opening dosed. If intelli? gent labor is used, by experimenting, a Jolt on the board can be determin? ed sufficiently strong to put out the required 2 to 2 1-2 pcunds to the ai re. Should this not be the caae It would be better to use cheese? cloth bags and dilute the Paris green to about 10 times its volume with land plaster, flour, or air slack? ed liti e. The caterpillars taking this si !-stance into their digestive tracts are poisoned by the arsenic contained in it. and death follows as the result. Paiis green may be ob? tained from almost any drug store at about twenty-five cents <2fie) per pound. W. p. GBR, Asst. Prof, of Entomology. October 14. 1911. Mr. C. W. Smith leaves hero Tues? day afternoon for Union, taking With him his mare. Mildred, for the purpose of taking part in the horse races which will he held there.. It is probable that Mr. Smith win go from Union on t ? Spartauburg to enter tln> races there also. As Mr. Smith's mare la one "f the heat ra? cers fn th? State It Is probable that ho will '< <i>ie to bring some of tlie trophies >>f the chase home with him.