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HKARIN < > AT SAMBA BRIXtJH OlT INTKRKSTINt. sTATF. MEXTH. Proceedings to Justify 011 Bond Oc ctikin fi?r NunMTutiH Questions by Attorney Kr Int Ivo to Property Owned by Mr. TowlH ? r:?aratna Uon Harked Ituek to Ttme when Wltnrea wan Member or IMs|>ensHry Board*?Kef crem v to (.raft Trials, Saluda, Jan. 1.? John Hell Tow 111, la the course of a hearing here yea terday before the clerk of Court to justify on a bond he la endeavoring to make on behalf of Andsew B. Watson In claim and delivery proceedings in? stituted by C. R. Jones A Co.. of Batesburg. against A. B. Watson and Mrs. A. B. Watson, of Hlbernla. made a number of Interesting statements In reference to the property he owned. The examination took a rather wide range and harked back to the time Mr. Towlll was a member of the board of control of the old State dls pensarv. On the dlract examination, conducted by E. U Asblh. Esq.. of Leeevttle, attorney for Mr. and Mrs. Watson. Mr. Towlll stated that he owned raal ?State In Batesburg worth * 110.000 and was mortgaged to extant of $1.100; that he also owned 1. tract of land In Saluda Coun? ty Trcrth about $1.200. and a half In? terest In a tract of 480 acres In Edge Bold County. Aaked as to his personal property ho draw out a batch of notes and mortgagee on real estate and proceed od to introduce them In evidence. He held a certain one and while hand? ing this over to the clerk remarked that it was for the purc^*se money of the land "I Inherited?no ?ruft about It either " The notes and mortg.\fes aggrega? ted about $2.600. He had others, but aa they were about due dii not pr< aent them. Ills valuation of *he real estate he owns is around $ie ftjO, with Incumbrance of only $2.500. Me said he owned stock in the "Enterprise." the new paper Just es? tablished at Batesburg. but declined to say how much. He testified that there were no efvll actions pending against him. ex oopt one by C. K. Jones relating to hla one-half Interest in tha Edgefleld tract of land. He admitted that he eras under bond on the charge of conspiracy to defraud the State, de? signated by the witness ai the "fa? mous graft cases." Aaked If the $10.000 bond he was placed under wae the general charge or the labet case, he replied: "God knows; I don't." On the cross-examination CJ. J. ftamage, Esq., asked witness when fee went on the dispenses board. He 4M aot recall. "Was It as early aa Itee?" He dkd not knjw. "Was It IffsT" He did not say. He did not recall whether he aervet' on the board ta 190s, If 07, 1909. 1.109, but said he did n t serve In 1910. Counsel ttton asked witness If he would fix tSse time he did serve on the board or aaaae In five years of It. He answer eel that he would not swear as to tlaet. Aaked If there was not a suit pend lag against him In Saluda County, tse said he had never heard of any. "but I mould not be surprised If some beat don't start one," and added there was no Just cause for any. Asked If there was not some other re against him bealdes the label dracy case, witness, with some of exasperation, said "I have nerver heard of any and I have been ?t every Court ready for trial and not asked for a single postpone it and am ready now." When loMI that the latter part of his statement Irrelevant, witness looked around room and remarked. "I reckon ?r? some around here who want It." To a certain question asked by Mr. Rama?e Mr. Ast.til objected but the witness Insisted on answering It. say inc to Mr. Ramage. "Crack your whip, f can take ctre of myself; only the fjalled Jade winches." Changing the line of examination Mr. Hamajre asked wltnesM what hin property was worth when he went on th? State board, and got for hla! answer "AbOtH M I '?< h as It M now." Wh'-n asked If! he owned any notes and mortgages when he became a member of the board like he ha* today, the reply was he did not re "Where did you get the mon.y t? loan on the*.- notes and mortgages?" wttio *? w m axked, snd with s<?m? heat replied. "1 got It like you got yours, by working for It honestly.*1 In explaining how lie made Mi money, wltnesa said he trad- d In land. specit lated. men-handle ?I and made It in verl??u* oth?-r was*. " A! t ?<-;? 1 h>r Wheth'-i the project look* good." wae th'- reply t.. whether hi <p. < olat. d In largo* or small amounts, and as t< whether he speculated in cotton fu lures or not was "none Of attorney's Wltn. .ild not r ? all If h< bought the two-story brick building In the town of Hatesburg valued at $6,000 before or after he was on the State board, nor did he know as to the six acres In the town of Bates burg. When asked to name parties to whom he had conveyed real estate in the past two year? he said he could not do so as "they were too numer? ous to mention." Asked how much he had conveyed to his wife during that period, witness replied: "I can? not swear because I am not in a ig? nition to say; some few tracts of land." In trying to get at the value of the land witness had conveyed to his wife, counsel asked him if he had conveyed as much as $8,000 worth to her und the answer was, "I did not pay or receive from her that much money for said property conveyed." More than once during the exami? nation the witness emphasised the fact that he was ready for trial In the "famous graft cases," to ui'e his own expression, and said he nad never asked for a continuance and had been at every Court since the Indictment was found against him, and he would be there next time Court met. The examination occupied several hours and was at times very interest? ing. The hearing was continued until Monday. PROFESSIONAL TRAMP IN TOWN. "A No. 1" Tramp Passed Through Sumter Saturday Night on His Way From Columbia to Parts Unknown. The profess'onal tramp styling himself, "A No. 1 Tramp," passed through Sumter Saturday night, hav? ing come on to this town from Co? lumbia where he had spent the dav. He stayed in the city about two hours after which he took the rods and departed for some place farther on up the road. After having had a most successful day in Columbia where he had seen a reporter on the Columbia State and talked himself up for quite a while he left that "burg"* and, taking tue rods of a eonvenient freight train, made his next stop at Sumter. Here he wandered about town for the greater part of two hours, and falling In his efforts to find anyone at the Item office, he roamed around until he struek up with some one he could talk to who would not ask too many Impertinent questions. He arrived in the city sometime about 8 o'clock and stayed until the first convenient train left after that time. He would not aay where he was going nor would he give any Information as to his birth? place or name, but this did not keep him from being Interesting company for he was a good talker, making his conversation entertaining by the use of a great deal of the slang of the road, and entertained his listeners by telling them incidents in his life and of his exploits. EXAMINATION FOR ANNAPOLIS. Examination for Appointee to An napollH from the Seventh Congress? ional IHsiict to be Held in Colum? bia on January 28. The following notice sent out by Congressman Lever will be of great Interest to college students of this county who would like to get into the navy. A competitive examination of all applicants from the Seventh Congres alonal District to a vacancy at the United States Naval academy, which occurs on the 4th of March, next, will be held in Columbia, on Satur? day. January 28th, 1911, at 9 o'clock a. m. Those desiring to compete for this appointment should write me at once for a copy of the rules and reg? ulations governing the admission of candidates to Annapolis, and for per? mission to stand the competitive ex* amlnation. Very truly, A. F. Lever, M. C. Seventh S. C. BOLL WEEVIL MOVING EAST. Indication.** Entire Cotton licit will Soon bo Infested. Washington, Jan. 1.?"Nothing has happened up to the present time to Indicate that the bull weevil will not eventually reach the northernmost and eaaternnioal portions of the ootton belt," Hays W. I>. Hunter, in Ohargfl 0i Southern field crops investiga? tions, m ? bulletin issued to.lay by th< d I- it i in- tit of agrleulture. "The i.uii e/eevN laat year Infeeted nearly II pat sent of the eottoa acre? age of the United states, it was found in Lag psr oanl if Louisiana; in 10 in Texan :'??> in Arkansas, 30 In Miss? issippi and ::."? In Oklahoma." The pf ogMss ->f the insect to the K.hI will be RlOis rapid than to the North, I - eau-e of climatic conditions; i-ut the experience thus far acquired Seeons tu indlcnte, et cording to the igrieuiturai department experts, thai the boil weevil win eveptually orsr? corns uny climatic barriers Import" nit pfOSjreSS ban been made In the i i uf arscnutc uf lead a^ a poison. Ml art Is In Its origin connected with rellglon.?Ulrlci. ( FRTIFH ATION LAW FOR TFACH FRS BEING VIOLATED, Mate High BchOOl Inspector Cites In? stances of Flagrant Breaches of Act Requiring Certificates. Columbia, Jan. 8.?Discussing the certification Of teachers, W. H. Hand, Ihl StAtC high school inspector, in his annual report conies to the conclusion that the condition in some of the OOUntlOl of the Statt-, if an investiga? tion should be made, "would be found little less than scandalous." "In some of the counties the flag? rant and open violation of the law Is all but amazing. Indeed, in some places, but little show is made of en? forcing law or respecting it." Mr. Hand says: "I am loath to criticise public officials, many of whom I count among my best personal friends. Besides, It Is ungrateful to criticise an official whose duties are somewhat onerous and whose remu? neration is contemptible, as Is the case with the county superintendent of education in this State. Neverthe? less, the certification of teachers Is a matter of so grave importance to the whole school system, that candor compels me to discuss It here. "With a full realization of the meaning of my words, I assert my belief that were an investigation made of the administration of the present law in regard to the certifica? tion of teachers, the conditions in some of the counties would be found little less than scandalous. In some of the counties the flagrant and open violation of the law is all but amaz? ing. Indeed, in some places but little show is made of enforcing the law or respecting it. "It is safe to say that In some coun? ties one-fourth of the teachers in the public schools are teaching and being paid public funds illerally, since they are doing so without vnlid certificates. Many of these teachers are entitled to certificates upon diplomas which they hold from accredited colleges, but have never secured them. "Some of this class have been teaching for 10 and 15 years. There are numbers of others who have been teaching as long as ten years without certificates, and who are not entitled to them. There are others still who are teaching on certificates several years out of date. "The nature of the above state? ments demands the citation of specific cases. Here are a few: A certain wo? man had taught continuously In one county for more than ten years; she had once been examined by the county board, and her certificate had been renewed from time to time; finally her certificate lapsed. and when she stood her second examina? tion she failed on nearly one-half the subjects given; she was given a cer? tificate, however, 'to keep from humiliating her family.' "Two women, in different counties, had taught for years without certifi? cates, and neither was entitled to a certificate; each was looked upon as an 'indispensable' in her home school; there came a day In 1909 when cer? tificates were required, they and their friends demanded certificates (on general principles); they got the cer? tificates without any pretense of ex? amination. "A certain man had taught con? tinuously In one county for over 15 years without a certificate; it became necessary for him to have one; his county superintendent, contrary to the plain law, issued him one on a diploma fron? a college in another State. The same thing has been done in at least four other counties this year. A woman with a certificate (not a diploma of graduation) from a college In a neighboring State was issued a certificate by her county superintendent of education; when asked for his authority to grant It he ignored the Inquiry. A county su? perintendent, in open violation of the law, validated two certificates issued by county boards in another State. Another county superintendent Issued a certificate, not a renewal, for at? tendance upon a county summer school, I have In my possession a copy of a letter from n county su? perintendent telling n school girl In the ninth Krade of a village school that he wound grant here Bret grade certification on her school grades it her teacher would vouch for h? pcdagog); the teacher refused, I am glad to add. ".My Office til" ? show that it Is the practice of some good counts superin? tendents to write to teachers asking If they have certificates or diplomas, and on receiving &n affirmative reply, without ever seeing ill" certificate or diploma, register the holder In ids of. Ree. It might be said that a teacher's woid ought to be sufficient, The law accepts no such evidence, Besides I I I happen to know that only this year lone man and two WOntOfl dinned to I have credentials entitling then to cer? tificates, but when preee* ?1 to pro? duce t tit mi could not do so. "in several oountlei it is the prac? tice for the principal of ? school to make out one paj warrant for him self and all his assistant teachers, and the county superintedent counter? signs it. The attorney general has ruled that this is illegal, and his rul? ing is given in the school laws. "These instances ought to be suffi clent to convince the most skeptical as to the need of a reform in the cer? tification Of teachers." POSTAL BANKS OPEN TO-DAY REGULATIONS ANNOUNCED BY POSTM ASTER <. EN ER AJL Hcginning today. People of One Town in Each State and Territory will Have opportunity of Entrusting Savings to I'ncle Sam's Postal De? positories?System Expected to be itapidly Extended?Newenrry Se? lected In this Stau*. Washington, Jan. 2.?Postmaster General Hitchcock has announced the following complete regulations that will accompany the opening of the Government's postal savings bank all over the United States on January 3. Mr. Hitchcock believes these rules to be so simple that any one may un? derstand them. Under theVerms of the Act deposits may be made by any person of the age of ten years or over, and by a marriCd woman. Deposits may be made by children of the proper age in their own name, free from any control or Interference by parents, and the same is equally true in the case of a married woman, whose ac? count shall be free from any control or Interference by her husband. The law expressly forbids any per? son from having more than one ac? count in his or her own right, and any violation of the spirit of this pro? vision wlH subject the offender or transgressor to penalty. Only the accounts of individuals will be accepted by postmasters. Corporations, societies and the like will not be accepted as depositors. The regulations are mandatory and *-esMire the signature of the individual to be left with the postmaster at the time the deposit is made, as well as on its withdrawal. Certificates of deposit will be is? sued In various denominations run? ning from $1 to $100. They will be issued in duplicate, the original go? ing to the depositor and the duplicate to the files of the depository. The duplicate must bear the age and name of the depositor, who is ex? pected to carefully scrutinize It be? fore signing to see that it is drawn for the proper amount. At least $1 or a larger amount In multiples thereof must be deposited before an account can be opened, but no one will be permitted to de? posit more than $100 In any one cal? endar month. The balance to the" credit of any one person shall never be allowed to exceed $500, exclusive of accumulated interest. In order that the smaller amounts many be accumulated for deposit a."y person may purchase for ten cents from any depository office a postal savings cards, to which may be at? tached specially prepared adhesive stamps, which have been especially designed for the purpose and are known as "postal savings stamps," and when the stamps so attached amount to $1, Including the ten-cent postal savings card, the same may be presented as a deposit for opening an account. This permission has been granted to encourage thrift among the poor and to teach the school children the habit of saving. When a depositor wishes to with? draw any part of his account he must present certificates equal to the sum he wishes to obtain, and the sur? render certificate must have been en? dorsed on the back and the signature must correspond with that on the filed certificate before the money will be paid. Certificates are non-negoti? able and non-transferable, and are worthless in the possession of any other than their lawful owner. While it is hoped that depositors with the postal savings system a1ll belong the the savings class who de? sire to leave their money for long periods t"?>r interest purposes, provis? ion has been made to sccommodate those who wish to Withdraw a por? tion of their account, so that Interest will he lost only on the amount with? drawn. As an Illustration, a deposi? tor with $100 certificate issued on January 1 who wishes to draw down ?>T,n on July l surrenders fiis $100 cer? tificate and receives In return $50 cash ami n new cert Irl ate for $60, ?int.-dated to sh..w that i< had been drawing interest from January 1. Interest at tin- rate of - per cenl will i>e allowed on all deposits, inn Interest begins to run from the (Irst business day of the month, so that the deposits made after such time In an\ rnont ii < annot begin to dt aw in? terest tin after t'ne first day ol the ne\t succeeding month, In order that the most simple-minded ma) elearl) understand tii" imount of in? terest due them at the end of one year >>v a given number of years table has been printed on the beck of sach certificate showing In simple form the amount of interest that will uecrue annually. One of the most attractive features of the system, of which advantage Will be taken by many, is the privil? ege that will be granted to depositors to convert their funds, aftei th y have been on deposit a given Um La to Government bonds, These bonds will be issued in small denominations Of $20, $40, $60, $80, $100, and a larger denomination of $500, and will 1 ear interest at the rate of 2 1*2 hi r cent per annum. They will be re^is- I tered and coupon bonds. Postmasters will be supplied with blank forms on I which depositors can make the neees : ary application for bonds. Depositors will be restricted in th- ir operations to one particular office, where the one account to which they are entitled must be kept. If lor any reason they wish to open an ac? count at another office in the same city they may do so by closing out their account at the first office and starting an entirely new transaction in the second office. The establishment of postal savings is regarded as the most important and far-reaching financial step taken by the Government since the authori? zation of national bf nks, and their operations will be watched wth keen Interest by financiers throughout the world. The new system is to be inaugu? rated on a comparatively small scale. One postofflce in each State and Ter? ritory has been selected as a deposi? tory. In those forty-eight offices a thorough test of the new system will be made. It was decided to make the beginning thus small, not only be? cause no adequate appropriation was available to put it into general op? eration, but also because the plan of operation adopted differs entirely from that of any postal savings sys? tem in the world. THE NEWS OF DAGOOD. Much Moving During the Christmas Holidays Among the People. ? ? Hagood, Jan. 8.?Mr. and Mrs. [. K. Lenoir, of Camden, paid a til? ing visit here last week. Prof. Jceee B. Jackson, of South Georgia, spent the holidays with rela? tives and friends. Miss Ethel Allen spent the holidays at home. She is teaching In Chester county. Misses Emily Creighton and Courte uy Atkinson, who have been teaching in Williamsburg county, are home for a few days. Miss Maud Shlrer of Wllliamsburg, is visiting relatives In the community. Miss Theresa James after the holi? day season will return to Greenville College for Women. Miss Geneva Spencer is home for a few days from the College for Wo? men in Columbia. Mr. Engene Lenoir, who is at honjg during the holidays from school in Virginia, was in our community last Friday. Kev. H. C. Bethea returns to Bel ton, S. C, near where he Is teaching, today. I Mr. R. J. Jolly having sold his place, the Mellette place, has bought in Kershaw county, where he will shortly move. Quite a lot of land has changed hands here and hereabout recently, ; C. L. Emanuel being the largest pur? chaser. Rumor has It that Mr. T. O. San? ders has sold out and bought in Marl? boro county. Yuletlde has been quiet, enough with us, but has been a most pleasant time in every way. When every day is Christmas, hard times will be over. Mrs. C. B. Atkinson seems much improved. The general health of the commu? nity on the Peninsula is fine, notwith sanding small pox Is reported nearby. Our community will have a fan new people In the families of Hast I Ings, Freeman and Thonias Moody who are heartily wel< omed to this place. "Hagood." The Congaree gravel which is be? ing put down on Liberty street was rather muddy Friday, but it will make a good road when it dries out and receives B coating of road oil. a ine tri.n a high bank of the Lewis River, near Vancouver. has been leased to a telephone company for a period of 15 years, to be Used as a tel. phone pole. The owner end leaser of the tree is Mrs. Mary Brat? ton. Reward. For black and white point r dog. Lost about a week or ten daya Large si/.- dog with a well defined W" on one hind quarter. Return dog and \ g< t reward. A. J. Moses. l-3-lt.-W. sTOt K FOR s\i.i:?Firat clasi hors? es and mulca Car load jusl re? ceived. See me before buying and i will save you money. H. R. Tomlnson, Durwood, & C I WAS?1-3-it. Tlie Farmer Does not Get His Share. We have heard much lately al?out the "increased cost of living." It has played its part in the political cam? paign through which we nave just passed, and the unusually high prices of farm products?to those who have them to buy?have led a lot of city newspapers Into painting the farmer as a man rolling in wealth and hold? ing the rest of the world at his mercy. A very pretty picture, no doubt, but one scarcely justified by facts. It is fortunately true that farmers as a class are prosperous, but not un? duly so; and it Is unfortunately true that a great many Southern farmers, beause they have been buyers rather than sellers of nearly all farm pro? ducts, have failed to derive any great I benefit from the high prices of those things with which the farmer sup? plies the rest of the world. But it is unfair to conclude that farmers in general are getting rich at a too rapid rate. The price of what the farmer has to buy, as well as of what he has to sell, has Increased, and more than this, the increase in the price of farm products has not all been going Into the farmer's pocket?not by a great deal. On this point there are some inter? esting figures in the Annual Report of the Secrtary of Agriculture Just is? sued. June last an Investigation was made In 78 cities as to the difference between the price receivd for milk by the producer and that paid by the consumer. In the cities investigated In the North Central States, the pro? ducers get just 44 per cent of "what the consumers pay; in the North At? lantic States, 53 per cent; in the South Atlantic States, 57 per cent; in the South Central States, 55 per cent. Tak? ing the country as a whole the pro duer gets about 50 per cent of the linal market price, the railroads about 7 per cent, the retailers about 4 3 per cent. I Investigations made some time ago, but which Secretary Wilson thinks applicable today, because, as he says, "It seems probable that the farmer is not now receiving a larger share of the consumer's price than he received ten years ago, and he many be receiving a smaller," show that the farmer gets 55.1 per cent of what the consumer pays for poultry, 69 per cent of what he pays for eggs, 55.66 per cent of apples when sold by the bushel, 48.9 per cent of strawberries. He fares better with staple crops, getting 92 per cent of the ootton money, 72.9 per cent on wheat, 73.6 per cent o*? _ oats, 91 per cent on cattle when bought by packers, 93 per cent on hogs and so on. It will be seen at once that the fewer hands a product passes throuhg on its way from producer to consum? er, the larger the per cent of the ulti? mate price received by the producer. One would, of course, expect this, as also that the price to the consumer should be higher v hen the article is sold In small lots. For example, when onions are sold by the brrrel, the consumer pays a little less than twice as much as the grower receives, but when they are sold py the peck, he pays over three times as much. In either case there is too much difference between the first price and the last The middleman and the transportation companies are, of course, necessary and are certainly entitled to fair pay for their wurk, but we are yet to be convinced that it is worth as much to distribute the farmer's milk to the consumers as It Is to produce the milk. We feel cer? tain that when the railroads and the merchants get as much out of an ap? ple crop as does the man who cared for the orchard and picked the fruit and barreled it and delivered it to the station, that there is something wrong. In short, there are too many middle- a men and their profits are too large. | Here is a problem, to the solution of whih our wisest men may well give their best thought. It is inconceivable that such a wasteful and unjust sys? tem of distribution ^hould be per? mitted to continue much longer, but It is one thing to recognise Its evils and another thing to cure them. We have no panacea to ofTer for this state of affairs, but it sems to us that one remedy, in many individual cases, must at once suggest itself: When? ever and when ver he can, the farmer should sell his products directly to thr? consumer. He can thus get more\ t* for them, and the consumes can geT them for less cost, in many casee-me can do this direct|y?by securing regu? lar ustomers for bis butter or eggs or vegetables, bul this necessarily means that he musl have a regular supply of these products and be prepared to guarantee their quality. In other cast s, notably in the case of truckers, fruff prower and dairymen, co-oner ative assolatlonn, which Will deal dl t , , tl> with the consumer, at least with the retailer, will help wonderfully, it is t big problems. and one which must be solved, it" the Banner *i* ever to profit an be should by the higher prices the consumers have to pay r- r farm products.--Progressive Fai mer. l tetter it Is to be envied than I pitied.?Herodotus.