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Cht Matcbitrau aift Snmtbnm. SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 1909. The Suinter Watchman was found? ed In 1950 and the True Southron in 1IIC. The Watchman and Southron sow has the combined circulation and Influence of both ot the old papers, and is manifestly the best advertising medium in Sumter. The Charleston Interlude. (Editorial in the Now York Sun.) Aa It seems to us. the whole coun? try may well he proud of Charleston. After the noise and shouting and the Interminable speechmaklng at Savan? nah?and we had expected that town to be much less maladroit?Charles? ton must have seemed a haven of ref? uge, an oasis of repose. The presi? dent had reached that halcyon spot after long and painful wanderings. Ha had been badgered by a hundred too ea,- t communities, with so-called edibles In both hands and with trum? pets and rejoicings on the side, and he had slid Into Charleston much as the tollworn traveler sinks Into An umbrageous stopping place and tries to fan away his sorrows and his hard? ships. Savannah, the snoring town where under ordinary circumstances it is al? ways afternoon, had arisen from Its habitual torpor and burgeoned Into a strange plenitude of oppressive hospi? tality. The slumbering reserves had been called out. Bonaventurc had as? sumed Its gala costume. The great white way to Thunderbor: was smoothed for the occasion. And all the epicures and orators were gath? ered there. Mr. Taft sat until 3 a. m. beneath % wind of pointless elo? quence. Speakers charged with gar? rulous. If unimportant, vehemence made the welkin ring with a hollow sound. And so our long suffering martyr went away as If In some dream of rest and ultimate rescue and quiet. Savannah lingered over the remnants of Its Ill-begotten banquet, and starvelings seised upon the crumbs. Exhausted orators awoke te dim remembrance of their fruitless voeelferatlon, and Savannah by slow degree resumed Its normal sloth. But the president seems to have found relief and much needed ease in Charleston. There, if we may believe the current record, he encountered only pleasant offices and the oppor? tunity of rest. The banquet, presum? ably correct and simple, took no time, and the speeches were reduced to nothing through the magic process of consideration. We can believe that Mr. Taft, refreshed by the absence of alluring and abundant cookery, and rested In the dearth of loud loquacity, redeemed himself from affectionate restraint and cut a new notch in his gratitude to Charleston. Has the country in general and Mr. Taft In particular to thank Deacon J. C. Hemphlll for this delectable consummation? Co-Operation May Help. As a means of buying cheaply, buy? ing In large quantities Is of great im? portance. In fact, buying in large quantities and paying cash are the two chief factors In lessening the margin of profit which the seller de? mands. As a rule the farmer does not buy In large quantities and thereby misses one of the chief means by which he might buy to best advantage. To meet this difficulty farmers' organiza? tions have in a measure sought to combine buying Interests. The chief difficulty with buying through these organizations has been the imprac? ticability In many cases of the pur? chaser seeing the article desired, be? fore giving the order, and the result? ing diftsntl' faction In frequently re? ceiving something different fr ?nj that expected <>r want* d. As a general rule, we believe the local dealer or merchant will be able to give better satisfaction than can be obtained through any other method of p in-haso. Through 1dm the ad van. uKes of buying in quantity are obtained, the article may be Inspected before purchased, freight rates ought to be less because ,,f larger quantities, and In case of a defective or unsatis? factory article the local merchant is always easily reached and Is usually ready and willing to recognize and make peed ill Ju*t claims. Of course, where a number of farmers can com? bine ;.:<d buy UMo.i- of a standard char. icttf or quality. In large quan? tities, and Obtain a lower price, they should do so; but as a general rule, If cash Is paid the local merchant, such as must be paid the seller at a dis? tance, ho will sell as cheaply as can be purchased elsewhere and will re? lieve the purchuser of goods in smalt quantities of the troublesome and un? familiar details Involved In buying at a distance. To sum up. wo may state that the essentials to buying to the best ad? vantage are an accurate knowledge of what Is wanted; the money to pay cash, buying goods of high quality, and either purchasing in large quan? tities or through an honest local deal? er.?Progreasive Farmer. Farmers' Union News ?AND ? Practical Thoughts for Practical Farmers (Conducted by E. W? Daubs, President Farmers' Union of Sumter County.) The Watchman and Southron having decided to doub'e its service by semi-weekly publication, would improve that service by special features. The first to be inaugurated is this Department for the Farmers' Union and Practical Farmers which I have been requested to conduct. It will be my aim to give the Union news and official calls of the Union. To that end officers, and members of the Union are requested to use these columns. Also to publish such clippings from the agricultural papers and Govern? ment Bulletins as I think will be of practical benefit to our readers. Ori? ginal articles by any of o?ir readers telling of their successes or failures will be appreciated and | oblished. Trusting this Department will be of mutual benefit to all concerned, THE EDITOR. All communications for tl is Department should be sent to E. W. Dabbs. Mayesville. S. C. Some Random Thought*. I wish every father and mother would give close study to the article by Dr. Tait Butler about keeping the Boy on the Farm. On Monday I saw the boys and samples of the corn they have grown in Florence county this year in the Boys' Corn Contest. Fifty five bushels from one half acre by a boy whose father did all he could to dissuade tho boy from trying, and now goes around and tells how "*ve did it" and how "we will do better next year." Such object lessons as this do more to encourage better farming than newspaper articles. I went to the Pee Dee convention more to request of the president his appro? val of more direct teaching of the farmers at home by the experts of the der/'rtment. than for any other thing. The boys corn contest there was i. good Illustration of the great good n such teaching. Why is it that Sumter county is not in this picture along with Dee and Florence and oth? er counties? We must look into this matter and see that Sumter is not left In this new departure which means so m ich for the future development of our farms. ess Another matter that was discussed at Florence which is of vital impor? tance in all our flat land sections, is drain ige. A permanent organization to work for drainage and sanitation was formed, and the writer was made executive committeeman for Sumter counly, with Mr. E. L Reardon, of Sumter, corresponding secretary. We wish suggestions from every one who is interested in this important sub? ject. Through the coutresy of Supervisor McBride. who was for ten or twelve years a valued citizen of Sumter county, I was shown much of his road-building and the county poor farm The latter is one of the illus? trations of what drainage will do. It produces the corn, hay and oats for all the county stock, In addition to feeding the inmates and convicts on the (halngang with wholesome home grown and ground corn meal, (no pellagra In it) and meat, vegetables of several kinds and potatoes. The resul s of his work on the poor farm Justified my often spoken statement that when properly handled our plnej woods lands are the best we have f?>r all crops. see Thi convention was like most of Its sort, too croyvded with good speeches for any one to take in a tenth of all the food things said. Mr. Grosvenor Dawc s analysis of why the South is boun 1 to be the greatest commercial sectk n of the United States was very Interesting. Its sea coast and \iWT\ bors. Its navigable rivers and water pow? r; its climate and soil; Its people with all their noble traditions, but need the inspiration, self-help and neigl burly emulation to put the South if! the front rank of true prog ress und greatness. I suppose I was so ft vorably impressed because his speeih was full of the best kind of Farmers' Union doctrine, i wish it coub have been spoken to a crowded hOUSH instead of to a handful of the tV.it hful. GIRI, MAKES MONEY RAISING BANTAMS. ?OHSfi sTMsslgdai of What ( aii be Done With Itiultry. With a Variety of Talks Ofl Timely Topic*. (By Uneli Jo.) Do y<?u know that there is a girl living In Virginia who has paid her way through school for the last four ?yarn by raising and selling Bantam chickens? She started with three chickens four years ggo, and now sells Iff. I year of well bred birds, which ar,. always In demand at good prices. And I know of a man living not mom than a thousand miles awny, who, during the past twelve years, has not reclved a dollar from any other source than his poultry, has supported himself and family In good shape and acquired a substantial bank account, and these twelve years has not raised over 300 birds per year on the average. This may sound unrea? sonable, but it is a fact. There Is no secret about his success. He simply acquired a reputation as a breeder, exhibiting his birds year after year, and winning the ribbons, and having done this, he has been In the position to get the very highest prices for his stock. He might have produced the birds and neglected to exhibit them, adn today he would be, like thous? ands of others?practically unknown adn selling stock at market price. I would like to have the photograph of a fellow who has ever built up a rep? utation of a breeder without exhibit? ing his stock. Perhaps it can be done, but, as Mr. Dooley would say: "I don't know, I don't know." My udvice to every one who is rais? ing standard-bred fowls for either pleasure or profit, is to make at least one exhibit this fall, and if possible attend the fair or the show in person. Talk with the Judge and other exhibi? tors, look over the other birds, and glean information that will help in producing birds and preparing them for vhe show room another year. It is better to show and meet defeat than never to show at all. Get your nerve up. Your birds may be bstter than you Imagine. 'The product of the hen-coop is now nearly as valuable as that of the wheat field." So recently said the Secretary of Agriculture. It means millions of dollars added to the wealth of the country yearly, and yet does not seem to be a great industry. The farmers could make it the larg? est business of the country if they would only put more energy in it. Market prices for fowls of all kinds are higher than ever before, and eggs bring Detter prices. The markets are never overstocked, and there is al? ways a ready sale for both poultry and eggs . You can get more eggs and make more money from 40 hens well cared for than you can from a hundred half cared for, Just as you can make more from a 40-acre farm well cultivated than you can from a 100-acre farm that Is running to weeds. The first thing to consider for good winter layers Is the breed. A fowl th?.; will fly over the garden fence and scratch around a newly planted bed of garden truck Is the right kind of a bird to have for winter laying, and the fowl that will stay Just where you put her If the fence Is only a foot high, is the one for the frying pan. The habit of clipping off the flights of one or more wings of hens should be discontinued from the fact that it disfigures the specimens, and it is quite unnecessary. If the wings were opened out and the web strip? ped from the entire flight fathers, leaving about an inch at the point, it would prevent the fowl from flying, and not present the undesirable ap? pearance that is caused from cutting off the wings. A bird stripped in this way is not so unattractive in appear? ance as one whose feathers were chopped off with a knife or scissors. When Buying Feeds ami Fertilizers, Good illustrations of the necessity l or more knowledge regarding things purchased, in order to buy them to the best advantage, are to be found in the manner in which fertilizers and feeding stuffs are purchased. Fertilisers and feeding stuffs must be purchased on the basis of the plant food! and food nutrients they contain, in the purchase of a fertili? ser the nitrogen, phosphoric acid P^d potash nre all it contains of mu i value to the farmer, and these, and these only, should form the basis for determining its price or value. Like? wise, a feeding stuff should be pur? chased on the basis of the protein, carbohydrates ami fats it contains. For instance, if a ton of cottonseed meal, containing 6.18 per cent nitro? gen, sells for %'2U, then, either as a fertilizer or as a feed, another ton of oottonaeed meal containing 6.6 per cent nitrogen is worth $26.70. To purchase feeds or fertilizers to the best advantage requires a more Intelligent care to calculate the price on the baslf f* the guaranteed con? tents of each sack or brand. Frtili zers are usually purchased by the sack, ton or brand, regardless of what they contain, the farmers of our section, lose millions of dollars each year. It is a well known fact that ni? trogen is worth about 20 cents a pound, phosphoric acid about 5 cents, and potash about 5 1-2 cents a pound In mixed commercial fertilizers and at these prices it is an easy matter for any one to calculate the value of a ton of fertilizer containing 3 per cent of nitrogen (3 pounds of nitrogen in 100 pounds of fertilizer), 8 per cent of phosphoric acid, and 3 per cent of potash. Such a ton of fertilizer at the prices for plant foods stated is worth $23.30, while a ton of fertilizer containing 2 per cent of nitrogen, 8 per cent of phosphoric acid and 2 per cent of potash, is only worth $18.20. It is apparent, therefore, that to purchase to the best advantage knowledge of the things purchased is the first essential, and therefore, so long as we lack this knowledge, we can never hope to buy to the best ad? vantage. By Buying to the Host Advantage. (By Dr. Tait Butler.) The buying and selling necessary in the management of every farm, have not been given the attention they de serve. The successful farmer must be a business man. and as much, or more, depends on his business ability as on his knowledge of agriculture or his ability to produce good crops. Of late, *nore attention has been given to the producing and selling parts of the business, but the buying end is ecpial ly important. The first step in cor rect buying is to know hat to buy. The purchase of an article not as well suited as some other to serve the pur? pose, or do the work for which it was purchased, 1s a distinct loss. To buy an implement or other article, use it only for~a short time and then throw it aside is money wasted. To buy anything which is not realy needed j to do the work of the farm or home better, or add 10 the comfort or pleas? ure of those on the farm, is poor busi? ness policy. On the other hand, to buy that which will best serve the purpose required is as important as to buy at the lowest price. How to Know What to Buy. It is not always easy to know just what to buy. In fact, it is impossible for any one, in all cases, to know which of two articles intended for the same purpose should be bought; but In this, as in all similar cases, a thorough study or investigation of the question is the safest guide. There are numerous sources of in? formation available to all, under or? dinary conditions, and If the purchase is one involving much money none of these should be neglected. The first,, because the mst satis? factory source of information is a personal examination or inspection of the implement or the article when ac? tually in use. To this should aways be added the unbiased opinion of those who have successfully used the article in question, or a similar one intended to do the same work or serve the same purpose. We too fre? quently neglect to profit by the ex perienc of others. For Instand every now and then we meet a man who still insists on trying a silo built in the ground, when the experience of silo users showed many years ago that it was cheaper to elevate the feed into the silo by machinery when filling it than to lift the feed out when ready to use it. Again, certain people continue to buy hog cholera "cures," patent con dimental stock food and other patent medicines notwithstanding those men who have made a study of such things ?the veterinarians?are unanimous in the opinion that they are worth? less, when not actually harmful. It is folly to spend money experi? menting with some plan or imple? ment which the experience of others has proved unsatisfactory. If a meth? od or machine is worthy of serious attention it is usually practicable to find some one who knows and will give the best and generally accepted information regarding it. and it Is usually folly to no contrary to this generally accepted opinion when ob? tained. The experiment stations, agricultural colleges, state and na? tional departments of agriculture and the agricultural press, all offer facili? ties for the farmer's obtaining gen? eral directions and information re? garding all matters relating to farm machinery, implements or other ar tides for doing farm work. A second ?ource of information which If no! always given due consideration is the opinion or knowledge of the dealer or merchant. There are. of coarse, dts* honest merchants, but almost any man knows some dealer In whom he hai confidence, if this dealer aas ac? tually used the article about which his advice is sought and is honest, his opinion Is of value ami should be given du?- consideration. A third source id' information Which may be made of great value is the catalogs and other descriptive lit? erature of the dealers ami manufac turera relating to thoae things which the farmer needs to buy. An im? mense amount of Information may be obtained from this source. The man facturers Will gladly send printed d?> tcrlptlons of all implements and ma? chinery on request. The advertising pages of an agricultural journal should constitute one of the chief sources of the value which such a paper has for the farmer. A postal card to the advertiser will generally bring full information reading the ?tide adevrtised. Smitliville News. Bmithvllle, Nov. li.?The enter? tainment given for the benefit of the BmtthvlllS school was a success. Quite a neat little sum was realized. The mass meeting which came off yesterday at St. John's Methodist church was enjoyed by those who at? tended. The speakers for the day were: Lieut. Qov. T. G. McLeod and Mr. Tatum, of Bishopville, Rev. L L Bedenbeaugh and Rev. T. L. Cole, of the Baptist church. After an in? teresting address by each of the speakers the crowd repaired to the grove where a delightful dinner was served by the ladies A short while was spent in pleasant converse. Then the crowd returned to the church and had the pleasure Of listening to an excellent sermon by Rev. L. L. Peden beaugh. The many friends of Mr. Bedenbeaugh were indeed glad to meet him again. He was pastor of this church for one year and while here made many warm friends. X building committee has been appoint? ed and we hope ere long to see the work assome definite shape. Mrs. T. D. Foxworth is spending some time in Sumter. Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Shiver spent Tuesday last in Camden. Miss Colsey Robertson has return? ed home after a pleasant visit to her sister, Mrs. Joel E. Davis of Brog don's. Miss Aline Hunter paid a flying visit to friends at St. Charles recent? ly. Dr. T. D. Foxworth attended the Pellagra Conference in Columbia last week. Mr. and Mrs. \V. X. Dunlap spent last Sunday with Mr. and Mrs. T. S. Dunlap, of Marshall's. There will be a Thanksgiving Jubi? lee at Pisgah Baptist church on Thanksgiving day. As Rev. T. L. Cole is to get up the programme we are looking forward to a day of social en? joyment as well as a feast of spiritual things. Come one and all, and lets have a day of real Thanksgiving. Pincwood News. Pinewood, Nov. 11.?The Alkahest Lyceum system presented Mr. Joseph G. Camp, lecturer for their opening attract on at the graded school audi? torium on Thursday evening, Nov. 4th. The following is a programme of a local entertainment to be given at the Pinewood graded school, Nov. 19th: America.By the School Welcome Address.Prof. Garrett Instrumental Solo .. Miss Ida Griffin Tableau.. ..Revereies of a Bachelor Dialogue.Papa's Little Boy Drill.Mother Goose Tableau.Rock of Ages Play.Timothy Cloverseed Drill and Tableau. The Star Spangled Banner. Quartet.Three Wandering Jews (Messrs. G. Richardson, Toomer and Hoggins) PLAY. The Cabbage Hill School. PART I. Tnstrunental Solo.Miss Annie Reeves PART II. Cabbage Hill School. Tableau-Where is My Wandring Boy Tonight. Quartet.Old Black Joe Tickets on sale at A. G. Stack's store. Price, 15 and 25 cents. The public is invited. Mr. W. G. Klwell will start work in a few lays on his new residence. Mr. S. D. Klrkham, Of New York city, will arrive about Dec \<t with his family and a corps <>f cooks, maids, and butlers for the winter's stay at "Million!." Mlms Bros. Live Stock Co.. have received a car of horses and mules. The High School football team II trying to arrange for games with the Darlington and the Columbia High School and the send) team of the South Carolina University. GIXNERS' NOTICE. Beginning Monday, November 16th the Farmers' Gin Co., will only gin on Tuesdays and Fridays. 11-9-lt. W. & s. FOR SALE ? 600 a eres, near State bur^. 10 miles west from Sumter, abort 100 acres cleared; 12 settle? ments; good water, healthy; well rented; price $2.r? an acre. Address A. M. L., Hox 326, Charleston, S. C. 11-11-4 t-ltw FOR SALE?The McLeod place, 256 1-2 acres, fine Wateree River swamp, cotton and grain land, near R. R. depot. J. R. Sumter, Sum? ter, S. C. 10-12-tf. Tili: HORSE SHOW. deny Fine Honea on Exhibition ami A La ige Attendance. The second annual Horse Show un? der the auspices of the Civic League was held at the Base Ball Park Thursday afternon with a large atten? dance and it proved to be, in all re? spects, a successful affair. The num? ber of entries for the various events was gratifying!? large and the horses, mules and poines were exceptionally high-class animals. The list of entries and prize win? ners follow: SINGLE MULE CONTEST. B. L. McGee, E. F. McCoy. First prize. E. L. IfeOee; second, E. F. Mc? Coy. GENTLEMEN'S SADDLE HORSE. Miss Mable Parrott (Waverly Levy up), Coffy & Rigby, M. J. Moore, T. D. Ravenel, E. D. Stukes, Bocth-Har by Live Stock Co., G. A. I?mmon, R. L. Wrigh", Marion Moise B. R. DuRant, C. W. Smith. Firat prize, M. J. Moore's horse ridden by A. D. Harby; second, B. R. DuRant. LADIES DOUBLE CONTEST. H. J. McLaurin, driven by Mrs. W. G. Stubbs; C. W. Smith, driven by Mrs. C. H. Dorn. First prize. H. J. McLaurin; second, C. W. Smith. PONIES UNDER 4 4 INCHES. Horace Harby, Jr., J. S. Sternberg er, W. B. Boyle. First prize, Horace Harby. Jr.; second, W. B. Boyle. GENTLEMEN'S SINGLE HARNESS. W. G. Stubbs, C. W. Smith, H. D. Barnett, W. W. McCutchen, R. D. Graham, G. D. Shore, Booth-Harby Live Stock Co., F. O. Jennings, Chas. Lucius, E. L. McGee, Eugene Stansill, I E. G. Stukes. First prize, Booth-Har I by Live Stock Co.; S eond, H. D. Bar I nett; third, E. G. Stukes. I DOUBLE MULE TE VM, 2 ENTRIES, j First prize, E. L. McGee; second, I Boyle Live Stock Co. I LADIES SINGLE BUGGY, j Mrs. W. C. Stubbs, C. W. Smith & I Co., E. K. Friar, Booth-Harby Live I Stock Co., H. Lucius, Geo. D. Shore, IC. W. Smith. First prize, Booth I Harby Live Stock Co., driven by Miss I Sudie Furman; E. K Friar, dirven I by Mrs. R. L. Wright. LADIES RIDING CONTEST FOR j RIDER AND HORSE. , I Miss Mable, Parrott, Miss Ray I Dunne, Mrs. W. G. Stubbs, Mrs. R. Im Wright, Miss Kirvin, riding M. J. I Moore's horse. First prize, Miss Kir I vin; second, Mrs. R. L. Wright VETERAN DRIVING CLASS (NOT I UNDER 15 YEARS.) J Archie China, D. China, Mrs. R. O. I Purdy. First prize, Archie China; 1 second, D. China. I GENTLEMEN S DOUBLE TEAM, 2 ENTRIES. I First Prize, H. J. McLaurin; sec I ond, Geo. D. Shore. I COMBINATION BUGGY AND SAD | DLE HORSE. Coffy & Rigby, E. G. Stukes, G. A. I Lemmon, B. R. DuRant. First prize, I E. G. Stukes; second, Coffy & Rigby. I PONIES UNDER 44 INCHES, DRIV? EN BY CHILDREN UNDER 12 YEARS. I C. B. Hogan, Joe Morris, Anna Bur I chill, L. L. Johnson. First prize, C. I B. Hogan; second, Miss Burchill. j Ansley Hurst and J. W. McKay, Jr., J exhibited old family horses in special j class of their own. Judges?Mr. W. L. Saunders, of Stateburg. Dr. L. Y. Snider, of In I diana, now in Camden. Mr, M. F. I Heller, of Kingstree. Marshall. Mr. H. P. Moses. Effect of Eulogy on LawjOf** The Rev. F. S. C. Wicks of the All Souls' Unitarian church told a good story the other day of a young preacher who eulogized a very bad lawyer. He said the lawyer was a bad husband, bad father, bad neigh? bor and generally a bad man morally, though he had been very successful in his profession. For the funeral a new preacher in the town was se? lected so that he would not know just what kind of a man the lawyer had been. The preacher arrived and asked a man standing by. who was pretty much of a wag; what sort of a man the lawyer had been. The wag laud? ed the lawyer to the skies. The preacher believed all he said, arose and pronounced a poetic eulogy of the departed barrister. Wh.*n ht> had heard all he could stand *o hear without unburdening himself to some one present, the judge of the court in that town leaned over to a lawyer vim sat beside him and remarked: "Well, there's mighty little induce? ment for a really good man to die in Smithville now."?Indianapolis Star. All of the Sumter people who at? tended the Pee Dec Convention and reception in honor of President Taft in Florence had a most enjoyable time. They reported that Florence was equal to the occasion and entertained thousands of visitors in the most de? lightful and hospitable manner pos? sible. There was a slight touch of autumn in the air Wednesday and most peo? ple were glad. We have had a long I summer.