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She Matcbman mit? Soutbron. SATURDAY, AUGUST 14, 1909. Tue Sumter Watchman was found? ed In IsM and the True Southron In ltM. The Watchman and Southron mom oaut the combined circulation and Influence of both of the old papera. and is manifestly the beat advertising medium In Sumter. If the theoretical prohibitionists Will tell us how they purpose tu en? force prohibition, many of ua who oinocrsiy believe that the country would be better off without liquor might have more faith In the plan to snake people temperate and aober by Jaw. ? ? ? When a murder or theft or any other crime against s?tm)ii or property Is com? mitted some cltisen hastens he for. a magistrate t<? give information and procure the issuance of a war? rant for the apprehension of the crim? inal, but when liquor is sold In vlo tatloa of the law the cltisen passes by ob the ether side and salves his con? science h? -.tying that It is the dut.v sf the pal.1 officers of the law to ap? prehend IA-r breakers and so that they are iWnlshed. When a murderer er thief Isi arrested and brought to trial as many citlsens at have know? ledge sf the facts are ready and eager to testify in order that the guilty one he punlshsri snd the majeuty of the saw vindicated, but when a II iuor sel? ler la arrested, after long and flagrant defiance of the law. It la like pulling eye teeth to get the citlsens who hav? knowledge of the facts to testify. Herein lies the weakness of statutory prohibition and this Is why it is us? ually a Carce and a reproach. ? ? i Tempers nee. like religion. Is a mor? al, not a political Issue. Men cannot he legislated into the church and for pad Co live pious and Godly lives. Thb was tried to a finish In the dark ages and failed. Men cannot be forced to lire temperate and moral Uvea by leg? re enactment, and we sincerely that the effort to make them /lo so that is now* being made by the thsoretlcal prohibitionists will fail as ignomlniously. r in i We do not believe in the liquor traf? fic, nor do we believe In the prohibi? tion movement that is supported by sincere, hut mistaken, enthusiasts, and encouraged by calculating and self seeking politlcans. who expect to ride into office on the crest of the pol? itico-prohibit! >n wave, and our In? clination km to wash our hands of the whole mUeralde affair. But we believe that It is our duty to pursue the cours? es that will result In the least evil, and therefore wr are. at present, in favor of the maintenance of the dispensary and the abolition of all social clubs whsre ifcioor Is sold smld surround? ings that encourage Intemperance and the formation of habits thai make drjnkards of otherwsie aober men. ? ? ? We sr? not opposes to prohibition, but to the non-enforcement of the law. ? s e Honth Carolina needs a law similar to the Carmlchael law recently passer*, by the Altham* Legislature, If we are to iave a prohibitory law In the State. ? ? ? The ?bohlt ?n of the liquor evil is on< thing, th.* enactment of statutory prohibition la another and a far dif? ferent thins; The one would be an unmixed blessing, the other Is usually a farce th it breeds disrespect for all saw. ?? ? ? ? Hnless the social club* can be put out of business prohibition will be worse than a farce In South Carolina. mlh else where. "It U r-poi?ed that some whiskey hou*e* hat ? sant In bunches of mon? ey to :>e ii umI in purchasing votea for the dispensary in Sumter County and other counties. The antl-dlspensary Itea bjn on th l lookout for anyone nstnx money snd sre prepared to pro? secute them " ? The nbo'-e ;?ai agniph Is ti?ken from the I .roter correspondence in the Columbia State. It Is a statement that -hould be substantiated an 1 proof of its orrectrvss furnished <?r promptly snd explicitly with? drawn It Is possible that the sjrhHkey BSSI may have sent masjsjf to this city to hi used !i Influencing th- election to Im? held In the I "th. but we regard !t as Improbable Abo is taking an a<ti\ Ifjtnrsol and d ttli i his Uns and energi?*? to In fitem? lug voters to vnti for the retention of the dispensary? Who Is suspected of being so gi**atty Interested in ?M retention of the dltpe:\s;it y r.s to undertake to distributf thl-t hypothetical corruption fund win ? It win dsj iii ' in o snodf Wi do not belierf th?t any from \ aOJ W.-.n sen' t > tfumter to del. inch the el*-? - tornte in the |nt<nr<??t of the dispen? sary. W - il l not believe thai a sulll Farmers' Union News ?AND ? Practical Thoughts for Practical Farmers (Conducted by E. W. Dabbs, President Farmers' Union of Sumter County.) The Watchman and Southron* having decided to double its service by semi-weekly publication, would improve that service by special features. The first to be inaugurated Is this Department for the Farmers* Union and Practical Farmers which I have been requested to conduct. It will be my aim to give the Union news and official calls of the Union. To that end officers, and members of the Union are requested to use these columns. Also to publish such clippings from the agricultural papers and Govern? ment Bulletins as I think will be of practical benefit to our readers. Ori? ginal articles by any of our readers telling of their successes or failures will be appreciated and published. Trusting this Department will be of mutual benefit to all concerned, THE EDITOR. All communications for tl Is Department should be sent to E. W. Dabbs. Mayesvllle. S. C. Some Random Thougflls. Preparatory to Dr. Goodrlch's il? lustrated lecture next week at Mayes? vllle we have Prof. Maasey on the "Wrong Way of Doing the Right Thing.'' Just here I will express my opinion, baaed on observation and some little experience, on the cut? ting and shocking of corn. That method was adopted and Is kept up at the North because the corn is lia? ble to frost-btte If left standing aa It grows to dry out In the big shocks It is protected from the cold. All North furrows. Then chop or pull up, and pack them down in this furrow. Ridge and plant over them, and you will find that the dry corn stalk is the best manure you can get except green pine boughs. "Now, why is there manure in the dry corn stalk and green pine bough? Because the stalk will take up water and air for the plants and in the dryest of weather it remains wet and rotting and gives the roots air and sweat In time of need. C. P. V.**" Of course, the burying of corn stalks or any vegetable matter to decay in the soil will In this decay ern writers on the subject of seed corn selection lay great stress upon \ contribute to the retention of mols teatlng the germinating qualities of ture In the soil, and will add Its mite the seed corn, showing that they have towards the accumulation of humus a great deal of damaged corn in their In the soil. But our friend starts crops. Those of us who were so un- with the assumption that the corn fortunate as to have to buy north- has been stripped and topped and the ern corn a few years ago remember stalks left in the field, and that in what mouldy, sticky stuff it was, not stead of having something more on even fit for hog feed. The late Mr. the land than stalks, the farmer is W. D. Gamble told me that when a going to plant that same land in corn lot of his neighbors adopted this1 or some other hoed crop. In the rrethod of saving corn some of It j nrst place, stripping and toppin? was sold at his store, and one could, corn is a bad practice, for it hae tell the shocked corn in the dark Just j been proved time and again that the by the atlcky. musty feeling. I have | man who pulls the blades and top> alw.iys contended that It Is a poor wa> to save our March and April corn. In the heat of August with the danger of heavy rains to Intensify the tendency to mould. The better way la to have our fields fenced so stock may glsan behind the corn hr.rvest In October and November, and then turn under the residue to supply the usual needed humus. We can with cow pea hay, sorghum hay, oat straw and wheat straw, to say nothing of the many other legumes and forage crops that are exploited by the agricultural department and experimental stations, and more pro? gressive farmers all over the country, supply an abundance of "roughness" for thouaands more stock than we now feed?and do It a great deal cheaper than to save corn stover? and without any of the damage to the grain that follows either fodder pull? ing or cutting and shocking, e ? e The other article for this issue. "Growing Good Crops of Wheat, should be studied carefully. I am sure my mistakes in growing wheat have been too deep breaking, and too much nitrogen. With several gasoline threshers in the county, and a splendid roller mill at Trinity, Sumter. Clarendon and Lee farmers should arrange to stop paying tribute to such speculators as Patten, and the very probable adulteration of flour that abnormally high prices promote. e e - e The Colleton Press and Standard is on my desk. The county is to be congratulated on having an editor like Bro. Smoak. who devotes so much space to the farmers' interests and who like Bro. Poe of the Pro? gressive Farmer, Is not afraid to work for prohibition In the columns of his paper editorially. E. W. D. The Wrong Wny of Doing tho Right Thing. Kecently there was sent me from the edltorlul offices the following let ter?a letter both Interesting and dll OOU ragtag to one who has been try ing for so long to teach the underly? ing principi. s of good farming; ? "I wish to tell the farmers the val 01 Of their com ?tMlks as n manure. and how to use Iben, "Before the stalk is cut. run off ?uf ton i wiiii Iwo or ihr? ? deep < i. Hi nomber of \oters could bt bought in this county t? change ih> lesnlt of the f ctlon. iiiul it is d.nnag inn to ihe good name of gumter ooun iy ami go roter people for soon ;> re* port to i?e elfeulated, It is up t" Ihe Sumter oorrospcndenl <?f the Colum hi ? -?.it. !?> ipeelfy the source "f the report which he hos given such wide publicity, ;. nil lei the pi-ople Of Sum lOI l;r.'>\\ who ChargSfl them with Im - his corn has lost just about corn nough to pay for all the fodder he gets, and thus has his lahor wasted. The way to handle the corn crop Is to cut It at the ground and cure it n shocks, and then feed the stover, and all that the cattle do not eat will be acting as an ashorbent in takln? up the liquids. Then if he goes fur? ther and runs the whole through a shredder, he will have stilll more of it eaten and will have the refuse in the best shape for absorbing the ma? nure. Then, If that manure is spread evenly on the land, he will get more benefit than from dry corn stalks, and will not be obliged to bed over It, but can plant level and work level and keep the turning plow out of the field after the crop is planted. And more than this, the thought? ful farmer will have peas and clover In after his corn crop and will have a mass to turn in the spring that will be worth a hundred times as much *s a few stalks buried In the row. Burying corn stalks or green pine boughs In the furrow is simply an acknowledgment that the soflgneede organic decay, and placing these things in the furrow is simply doing a great deal of needless work to accomplish what might be done on a broader scale over the whole land in a cheaper way, by growing legumes and feeding them and having good manure all over the land Instead of a few stalks In a furrow. If cotton were to follow this burying of the stalks in the beds, the chances are that before the stalks could decay you would have the beds so dry that you would have a poor stand of cot? ton. If, Instead of a few stalks in the furrows, you had the whole land fill? ed with vegetable matter, the case' would be vastly better. The turning plow should never go int? the corn field after it is planted, but the smoothing harrow and the weeder should be used from the Uofe the corn is planted till it is tall enough to use the riding cultivator and- cultivate both sides of the row at once and save the greater par* or the labor. I rode not long since from Wilmington, Delawaie. down through that beautifully cultivated section, ami I did not see a Held in which a man was going two times In a row, but In every geld I saw men riding on i oultlvator with two horses and working the land level and doing the work better and faster than two men with single horses could have done It, Ami i saw there the cleanest of Heids ood no clumps of bushes here und there In the field, no patches al broomsedge, but wide fields of corn and clean, broad fields of wheat then nearly ready for the harvest. And i thought as my train whirled along through these beautiful farms, that I wl hed all our readers could see how the farmers farm and grow gnat i iops on land not a hit better natu lug soscepttbls t? Ihe Influence of rullj than thousands ol a< r< - of the mono] in so Important ? matter as the approaching election. I Routhern uplands, They cut th< ir corn with the coin harvester, and put the land in wheat, and the silos that stood by their barns showed where the corn stalks went, and the fine cattle on the pastures showed, too, the final place where the corn wont to pay the farmer. They had no pine houghs to cut. and did n?t piddle with corn stalks in the fur? row, but they had a sod to turn t\n der on the whole land for corn after the manure had been spread over the fleld. C. P. P. has discovered that rotten corn stalks are good. Now, let him try rotten corn stalks full of manure. ?Prof. Massey in Progressive Farm? er. Growing Good Crops of Wheat. The present good price for wheat and the apparent prospect for its continuance, is exciting interest in wheat raising in the South, and I am getting letters from many farmers who have not been growing wheat, asking for the best methods for its cultivation. While wheat can be grown in the coastal plain of the South Atlantic region, it is hardly probable that uniformly good crops will be made there, because as a rule the soils are rather too light and the cli? mate too humid for the best results in whc , though in certain unusually favorable seasons good crops may sometimes be made. The best wheat soils are the me? dium heavy clay loams, and a lime? stone soil is highly esteemed for wheat. Good drainage is, of course, essential to a crop that must pass through the winter, and only well drained soils can be expected to make good wheat crops. Formerly, it was thought that the Ideal preparation for wheat was a. clover sod broken early in the sum? mer and harrowed and tramped till well settled. And there is no doubt that a well prepared fallow is stffl excellent for the wheat crop. But cultivators have long since learned that this sort of preparation for the wheat crop is too expensive, aa ft takes the labor of the farm through most of the summer without any crop on the land, and the exposure to the sun is also a bad thing for the soil. In my boyhood I can well remember that a farmer would apol? ogize for the appearance of a certain field by saying that was "cornland" wheat, and could not be expected to be equal to fallow wheat. But these same farmers who form? erly thought that they were doing well to get fifteen bushels of wheat per acre, have long since found out that fifteen bushels is a very small crop, and that there is no better preparation for wheat than a corn field deeply broken in the spring and cultivated shallowly all summer, so aa to bring about the same Ideal con? ditions that an early-broken fallow gives. They have found, too. that after the f hoed crop, whether wheat or tobacco, there is no need for re-plowing the land. In fact, there Is good reason for not doing so, for the shallow and level culture of the corn has brought about the very best conditions for wheat, a well compacted soil and a fine surface. Have the Soil Fine and Firm. Therefor^, after a crop of corn or tobacco Is /off the land, a light disk? ing kept up both ways till the surface soil is made very fine, will be all that Is needed. If peas have been sown among the corn or tobacco, they should be mown off, fpr the turning under of such a growth would pre? vent the compacting of the soil thill wheat demands, and more wheat will be made with the peas cut off than if they were turned under. But one thing is certain, and that is, that the surface soil can not be made too line. The best wheat soils In Virginia and North Carolina are the red uplands of the Piedmont section. Lands like the farm of Mr. Lambeth In Radolph County near Thomasville. in David? son, where a crop of over thirty bush? els is reported this season, should be made to average that much, or more, every season. The farm of the late Governor Holt, in Davidson, has made over forty-five bushels per acre, and these crops show that these red lands are ideal wheat soils, and will make more wheat today under good farming than the famous spring wheat lands of the Dakotas. But good farming demands that crops shall be grown economically, and it has been found, as 1 have said, that ihr fallowing system |g tod an eco? nomical way to raise wheat, Our clover sod, while it will make Hue wheat, can be more economically used for the corn crop, The farm manure spread on this clover sod .is made during the winter, and plowed under in (he spring, makes the best of all preparation for the wheat < t??i> it the corn la cultivated shallow and level during the summer, thus pro? ducing the sann- conditions that would be made on a summer falloa, while making a valuable crop. The same may be said .?f the to? bacco crop as a preparation for wheat. The leading idea la t<? make the breaking early, and then devote the whole season to the preparation of the surface soil t<? uet it tine, and the lower soil compacted t the wheat prefers. ?le state THE VALVE OF A MAN. The Economic Aspect of the prohi Tlme snd Manner of seeding. bit|on lssue Then as to sowing. Too early must he avoided on account of the Editor: Hessian fly. There is less danger Of To the man who justifies his vote the By after we have had one good for tne dispensary by the money that white frost, and I would always defer | |a m t(((. out of it j wish to direct at the sowing to this time. Thtsjtention to the letter of Mr. D. James will usually make the sowing Wlnn in Monday's IUm. He men in ail the warmer parts of the j UonB lwenty-four men who hare fall Btate of North Carolina abput the! en under thc <lrink nabit. students last of October or first of November, political economy rats the value and somewhat earlier in the upper ,.f a somi 1 working man, not profes sections. Mr. Dauthridge. i Bdgo- J ?donal men mind you. hut a plain combe County, made some years ago working man. at $10,000. Ten thou a fine orop of wheat sown in Decem -1 sand dollars. Therefore the twenty ber, but In any of the upper parta of | four whom Mr. Wlnn mentions rep the Ptate that would be entirely too j resent a capitalization of $240.000. late to give the wheat a fair chance, j jUst as well throw $240 0f>0 into the while it might do in lower (ieorgia | rire. Nay better, for then the con and Alabama. As to the amount of seed to be us? ed, I would sow more on thin land than on strong land, for it will tiller less. On the liest wheat soil five to six pecks per acre, will be none too much. Get seed wheat, if practicable, south of you rather than north, for south wheat is sown later and ripens earlier, and hence earliness is pro? moted by going south for seed. In the days of the old Blue Stem White wheat it was common for Maryland farmers to get seed from North Car ollna, and they found this to be an advantage in earliness. Where one has a manured clover sod turned for corn, the only fertilizer that will be needed on red clay aoil will be about 400 pounds of acid phosphate per acre, and on sandy or grey soil an addition of 25 pounds of a muriate of potash will be an advan tage. Always drill the seed with a wheat drill, and never follow the old practice of sowing broadcast and har? rowing it, see that the seed is clean, plump and heavy, for a great deal de pends on the vigor of the plants, and you cannot expect strong plants from shrivelled seed. You will have no cheat unless you sow the seed with the wheat or have sequent pauperization and degrada? tion of these men and their innocent wives and children v. luld not have added its burden to the loss. I ven? ture to assert, without fear of con? tradiction, that in the past thirty years, the life of a generation, enough men of Sumter county have perished through the drink habit, to be equal to a capitalization of $3,000,000. Three million dollars worse than burned up. That is ten men a year. Is it worth the price? Even at this low estimate, who would continue the traffic if he could see it in this light? Take the sixty thousand dollars ($60,000) or about that, that you say was divided among Sumter, county and city, and the school fund last year. Is it not a fact that some? thing like $150,000 was sent out of the county and State for the liquor to make this profit? But some one says, "Money was sent out for corn and hay and oats and meat and lard." Granted, and it is not to our credit as farmers that it is so. But this "corn and hay and oats and meat and lard" were used to sustain life, not to degrade it; was used to enable man and beast to ^ make more crops to bring more mon land already infested with cheat seed. ? ey into the channels of trade. While Cheat Is more common among oats \ the whiskey brought forth no har in the South than among wheat, for the cheat seed is very much l'ke a small oat, and farmers sow them with the oats without suspecting their presence. Then the winter may be hard and the oats get killed, but the Hardy cheat grows, and the farmer, seeing green leaves, imagines that it Is oats till it heads out, and then he thinks hjs oats have turned to cheat. No man ever had any cheat but what came from cheat seed which was in the ground or was sown with the grain.?Prof. Massey, in Progressive Farmer. New England's Danger. There is a noticeable feeling of ap prehension throughout the northeast, especially up in New England, that the manufacturing and commercial Supremacy so long enjoyed by that section is seriously threatened, and that the danger is from the west There is no question of the fact that New England has been having vel? vety times In manufacturing lines for several generations, and there is no question of the fact either, that the west is a great and growin country; but while we have tremen dous respect for the business perspi cacity of the New Englanders, we are Inclined to think that they are a lit tie in the dark just now as to the quarter from which they are most threatened. The great south has be? gun to feel herself again and It will not be a great while until she beg. is to make herself felt by others. This is the coming part of the country; and if our friends of New England ever lose their industrial supremacy, we are inclined to believe that It is the south which Will next loom up in the lead.?Yorkville Enquirer. vest of grain and cotton and tobacco, but was rich in a harvest of crime, degeneracy, pauperism and imbecil ty, and what Is of more consequence, generations yet unborn will suffer. \nd the sober and Industrious who think they are saving something from their ta.x bills, have to pay the bills \ )ut of their hard earned money, for i people are no richer than the av reage wealth of all the people. To those who say they are prohibi? tionists, if it will prohibit, I will say. In conclusion, no reform ever was accomplished In a day. There wil be violations of the law, as there are violations of every other law on the statute books, but these viola? tions will be less and less as the peo? ple are educated to true economy? that men are more valuable than dol? lars, and sober men are more valua? ble simply as a ?cash asset than drunkards. E. W. Dabbs. SOMETHING NEW IN POLITICS. Col. Albert Pope Dead. Boston, Aug. 10.?Col. Albert Pope, well known In automobile and bicycle circles throughout the United States, Greenville Candidates Whose Votes Are Equal WIU Stake All on Chance. Greenville, Aug. 11.?The city Democratic committee found today that C. H. Webb and W. T. Bull, can? didates for aldermen from the first ward, had each received 718 votes. The committee will meet again Sat? urday morning and take up the mat? ter of the challeged voters. If the result is not changed, the names of the two candidates will be plaed In a hat and a boy not over ten years of age will draw out one who is to rep? resent the ward in the council. It Is a state of affairs never seen here be? fore. The committee's finding today did not change the mayoralty result in any material way. A banquet will be tendered Mayor-elect Marshall at the Ottaray Hotel tonight. The time limit for making sewer? age connections within the fire limits Hied at his summer home in Cohasset is nearing expiration and many con iate today. nections are yet to be made. Lime, Cement, Shingles, Laths, Acme Piaster, Fire Brick, Drain and Sewer Pipe, Building Material of all Kinds, Cow, Hog and Chicken Feed, Hay, Grain, Horses ^Mviles, Buggies, Wagons and Harness. Wholesale and Retail. :: :: :: :: :: :: BEST LIVERY IN SUMTER. M iL SUMTER, S C.